Content uploaded by Abhinay Kumar Dwivedi
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Abhinay Kumar Dwivedi on Aug 24, 2021
Content may be subject to copyright.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 6, Issue 4 July-Aug 2021, pp: 1517-1522 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781
DOI: 10.35629/7781-060415171522 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1517
Skin Care Potential of Selected Medicinal Plants- A Review
Abhinay Kumar Dwivedi1
1 Sri Satya Sai University of Technology and Medical Sciences,Sehore,M.P.India-466001
* Corresponding Author :Abhinay Kumar Dwivedi
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of Submission: 10-08-2021 Date of Acceptance: 25-08-2021
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ABSTRACT
The wide popularity, acceptability and demand of
herbal cosmetics has been increased in recent years
due to awareness of harmful side effects and
adverse reactions caused by synthetic cosmetics
ingredients. Herbs, plant materials and plant
products were used as cosmetics since ancient
times. Various essential oils, juices, fixed oil, plant
exudates, extracts, isolated compound obtained
from natural sources have been used for their skin
care potential in various herbal cosmetics. Herbal
cosmetics getting more popularity and belief
among the people due to safety, higher bio-
compatibility, cost effectiveness, easy availability,
lower side effects, environmental friendly nature
and traditional experience of uses. Such reliability
on herbal cosmetics encourage to screen more
herbs, plant materials and natural ingredients for
their cosmetic potential. Scientific review of
available data and new researches on medicinal
plants can provide basis to use more plants for their
skin care potential. This review attempts to
emphasize the use of some common medicinal
plants for their skin care potential in herbal
cosmetics.
KEY WORDS- Herbal cosmetics, Antioxidants,
Polyphenol, Flavonoids, cosmetics
I. INTRODUCTION
The Uses of herbs and natural substance
as cosmetics appeared in practice for various
purpose since ancient times as the man has been
developed.[1]The word cosmetic was derived from
the Greek word “kosm tikos” meaning having the
power to arrange, skill in decorating. Beauty is the
desire of every human being on earth and
appearance has always been a matter of prime
importance.[2]Since ancient times humans have got
special interest in taking care of the external
appearance of the their body. In recent years due to
awareness of harmful side effects and adverse
reactions caused by synthetic cosmetics ingredients
people want to use safe, natural, effective and
healthy products, for this reason, cosmetics
containing natural ingredients have much more
popular compare to synthetic cosmetics. [3]
As per as Drug and Cosmetic Act 1940
and Rules 1945, the cosmetics have been defined as
“Any article intended to be rubbed, poured,
sprinkled or sprayed on, or introduced into, or
otherwise applied to, the human body or any part
thereof for cleansing, beautifying, promoting
attractiveness, or altering the appearance, and
includes any article intended for use as a
component of cosmetics.[4]
The term cosmeceuticals has been
introduced by Raymond Reed founding member of
US Society of cosmetics Chemist in 1961. He used
the word for active and science based cosmetics.
The term was further used by Dr. Albert Kligman
in the year 1984 for the substances that have both
cosmetic as well as therapeutic effects. Herbal
cosmetics are basically the natural products
obtained from plants or other natural sources and
used to clean, beautify or provide attractiveness or
to alter body appearance.[5]
Skin Care Potential of Common Medicinal
Plants
Tamarindus indica
Tamarindus indica L.,a valuable plant
commonly known as Tamarind , The plant has well
known for its fruits and used in the treatment of
various ailments since ancient times by various
traditional systems all over the world.Major active
constituent present in fruits are polyphenolics
compounds like apigenin, epicatechin catechin,
procyanidin. Seed of the plant contains
procyanidins as oligomeric tetramer, pentamer,
hexamer and procyanidin B2, epicatechin.[6]The
seed extract of the plant has found to be effective in
skin scaliness, wrinkles, roughness, and antiaging
on topically application.[7]
Centela asiatica
Centella asiatica Commonly known as
Indian pennywort or mandukparni, belonging to
family Apiaceae The herb has been used for its
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 6, Issue 4 July-Aug 2021, pp: 1517-1522 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781
DOI: 10.35629/7781-060415171522 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1518
medicinal value since ancient times, it was
recommended for the treatment of various skin
conditions such as leprosy, eczema, psoriasis lupus,
varicose ulcers.[8] Kaempferol, quercetin, and rutin
are the major compounds responsible for
antioxidant effect of the plant. The plant extracts
has found promising anti-skin-aging potential to
use as cosmeceutical. [9]
Coffea arabica
Coffea arabica Linn. Popularily known as
Coffee is widespread consumable drink all over the
world belonging to family Rubiaceae The plant has
been used for its pharmacological and
cosmeticeutical effect since long time. Major active
compounds responsible for biological activity of
plants are phenolic compounds, alkaloids,
terpenoids, carotenoids. Linolenic acid has found in
greater extent in coffee seeds the compound has
ability to blocks the harmful UV-rays and provide
sunscreen effect.[10] The Linoleic acid and
palmitic acid present in coffee oil may used in
cosmetic preparations to improve skin appearance,
and especially to overcome aging signs the oil also
used to maintain skin humidity.[11]
Simmondsia chinensis
Simmondsia chinensis commonly known
as jojoba belonging to family Simmondsiaceae.
The seed and oil of the plant has been used
medicinally since long time for the treatment of
many skin and scalp problems. The oil of jojoba
has composed of the free fatty acids, wax esters,
alcohols, hydrocarbons and sterols, vitamins. The
oil of the jojoba has been widely used in cosmetics
to restore the ordinary health of skin as well as
hair.[12] The plant has proved to beneficial against
various skin infections, anti-acne and antipsoriasis,
wound healing and skin aging. Moreover The plant
has emollient action and also enhance the
absorption of topical drugs.[13,14]
Matricaria recutita
Matricaria recutita commonly known as
German chamomile or English chamomile
belonging to family Asteraceae.The plant has long
history to use as herbal medicine for various skin
disorders.[15]The active constituents present in the
plant includes, flavonoids, rutin, quercetin
apigenin, luteolin, terpenoids chamazulene,
matricine, bisoprolol, levomenol,
hydroxycoumarins and mucilages. chamazulene
and levomenol has found to responsible for various
beneficial effect like anti-inflammatory, wound
healing. natural moisturizing agent, improvement
in skin texture and elasticity, sunlight protection
and antipruritus agent.[16]
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. known by various
common names as licorice, glycyrrhiza or sweet
wood belonging to family Fabaceae The plant has
very long history of use in various traditional
system of medicine for gastrointestinal problems,
cough, bronchitis, and arthritis.[17] The major
active compound responsible for biological activity
of plant are glycyrrhizin ,chalcone, isoflavonoid
glabridin, isoliquiritigenin .The liquorice root
extract has proved to effective against oxidative
stress injuries in skin.[18,19] In adition glabridin
found in exract of the plant has responsible for
antioxidant, skin-whitening agent and skin
depigmentation effect. [20,21]
Vitis vinifera
Vitis vinifera, commonly konwn as
grapes, belonging to family Vitaceae, The plant has
been widely consumed all around the world and
traditionally used for its wound healer and anti-
inflammatory properties.The major active
compounds present in plants are organic acids, oils
melatonin and polyphenols. The fruit of the plant
has rich in polyphenol like flavonoids, resveratrol
proanthocyanidins and stilbenes.The seed and fruit
extracts of the plant has found to effective as
ultraviolet radiation protection, antioxidant,
antiaging, depigmentation, anti-
inflammatory,wound healing, skin irritation and
antimicrobial.[22,23] in addition it has been also
proved to beneficial as anti-caries,antidandruff,
antifungal, flavouring and sunscreen agent.[24]
Glycine max
Glycine max L. commonly known as
soybean, belongs to the family Fabaceae pea
family.The plant is native to southeastern Asia. The
plant has long history to use as food and drugs for
various ailments in various traditional systems. The
major constituent present in plant are phospholipids
and essential fatty acids other biologically active
compound found in plant are saponins, isoflavones,
phytosterols, essential amino acids, phytoestrogens
like genistein and daidzein.[25] Soybean oil has
been used to improve moisturizing and lubrication
properties of skincare formulation. Soybean
extracts has found to effective as skin
photoprotective, increasing skin elastin and
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 6, Issue 4 July-Aug 2021, pp: 1517-1522 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781
DOI: 10.35629/7781-060415171522 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1519
collagen synthesis, reducing the effect of
photoaging and hyperpigmentation disorders. [26]
Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica L, commonly known as
mango belonging to family Anacardiaceae,The
plant has been cultivated throughout the tropical
and subtropical areas and considered as one of the
main tropical fruits in the world originated from
Asia.[27] The plant has been well known for its
pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic effects
in various traditional system. The major
compounds present in Mango fruits are
antioxidants like polyphenols, carotenoids and
ascorbic acid. Polyphenolic compounds mangiferin
Chlorogenic acid, gallic acid quercetin, kaempferol
present in mango fruits are majorly responsible for
skin care potential of the plant.[28] The unripe fruit
extracts of the plant has been used for promoting
skin-whitening, anti-aging of skin and fibroblast
regeneration.[29]
Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus emblica L.commonly known
as Amla or Indian gooseberry, belonging to
Family Phyllanthaceae.The plant has been used in
ayurvedic and other traditional systems of
medicine for various health benefits since ancient
time.[30] The major active constituent present in
plants are phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and
vitamins.[30,31] The plant are well known for its
antioxidant, anti-diabetes, anti-inflammation,
anticancer properties. In addition to that active
constituent found to be effective in skin protection
from UV irradiation, reducing skin inflammation,
anti-skin aging.[32,33]
Punica granatum
Punica granatum L commonly known as
pomegranate belonging to the family Punicaceae,
The well known plant that has been extensively
used in traditional medicine for various ailment.
[34]The fruit, juice, bark and seed oil has been
used for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial,
dysentery, diarrhea and for prevention of skin and
breast cancer. Fruits are rich in phenolic
compounds with strong antioxidant activity.[35]
Major polyphenolic compound responsible for
biological activity are catechin, quercetin,
kaempferol, and equol.The plant has proved to
have significant role in UV-induced skin damage,
photoprotective, Anti aging and antioxidant
effect.[36]
Moringa oleifera
Moringa oleifera commonly known as
moringa or drumstick tree belonging to family
Moringaceae .The plant is indigenous to South asia
and used in various traditional systems since long
time. The leaf, seed and fruits extract of the plant
has shown wide range of therapeutic and medicinal
activity including analgesic, anti-ulcer, anti-
inflammatory, antipyretic, hepatoprotective
anticancer, anti-allergic antioxidant,
gastroprotective, cardiovascular, wound healing
anti-obesity, antiepileptic, antiasthmatic,
antidiabetic, diuretic, local anesthetic, anthelmintic,
antidiarrheal antimicrobial and
immunomodulatory properties. The major active
constituent present in plants are phenolic acids
carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids,
tocopherols, flavonoids and various minerals.[37]
The seed oil of the plant has been used to maintain
the natural skin pigmentation, mild sun protective
and anti-fungal activity.[38] The leaf extract has
been proved to effective in revitalizing of skin and
reducing signs of skin aging.[39]
Helianthus annuus
Helianthus annuus commonly known as
Sunflower, Family: Asteraceae. A well-known
plant used worldwide for its nutritional and
medicinal value. Traditionally the plant has been
used in treatment of variety of ailments like
bronchial, laryngeal infections, coughs and colds,
fever, cuts and wounds heart disease, kidney
related problems The plants contains numerous
biologically active compounds includes terpenoids,
carbohydrates, flavanoids, phenolic compounds
,tannins, alkaloids, steroids, fixed oil, saponins, and
proteins.[40] Topically the oil of sunflower has
been found to effective in treatment of dry and
scaly skin condition, dermatitis, fungal infection, in
addition to that oil has been effectively used as
lubricant, anti-wrinkle and anti-ageing effect in
cosmetics.[41]
Betula pendula
Betula pendula Roth commonly known as
a birch tree belonging to family Betulaceae. White
or silver birch, traditionally plant parts have been
utilized for various medicinal purposes, it has been
used to treat various skin conditions like eczema,
inflammations, urinary disorders, rheumatism. The
leaf bud oil used as antiseptic in various cosmetic
products. The extract of the plant has been reported
for many polyphenolic constituents such as
quercetin, kaempferol catechin, myricetin, p-
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 6, Issue 4 July-Aug 2021, pp: 1517-1522 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781
DOI: 10.35629/7781-060415171522 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1520
coumaric acid.[42] The leaf extract of the plant
used for skin-whitening and antioxidant effects in
cosmetics. [43]
II. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
The medicinal plants used in skin care
cosmetics has not only the potential to enhance
beauty but they also have medicinal properties due
to presence of multiple chemical constituent. These
chemical constituents may give additional benefit
to treat various skin related problems, so using
medicinal plants for cosmetics may give some
desired medicinal benefit for skin and body apart
from their cosmetic effect. As the demand is rising
for skin care herbal cosmetics over synthetic
cosmetics,more plants needed to screen
scientifically for their cosmetic potential. Group of
compound found to responsible for cosmetic effect
of medicinal plants are Flavonoids, carotenoids
,polyphenols, terpenoids, antioxidants, vitamins
and fixed oil found to be responsible for cosmetic
effects of selected medicinal plants. Selective
research approach needed to prove clear relation
between chemical constituent and skin care
cosmetic effect of selected medicinal plants, which
may further provide the bases to use of selected
chemical compound in cosmetic products in future.
REFERENCES
[1]. Bijauliya RK, Alok S, Kumar M, Chanchal
DK and Yadav S: A comprehensive review
on herbal cosmetics. Int J Pharm Sci Res
2017; 8(12): 4930-49.doi:
10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.8(12).4930-49.
[2]. Khole PL, Jadhav HR, Thakurdesai P and
Nagappa AN: Cosmetics Potential of Herbal
Extracts. Natural Product Radiance 2005;
4(4): 315-321.
[3]. Francisco José González-Miner , Luis
Bravo-Díaz and Antonio Ayala-Gómez
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary): An
Ancient Plant with Uses in Personal
Healthcare and Cosmetics, Cosmetics 2020,
7, 77; doi:10.3390/cosmetics7040077.
[4]. Tripathy Dhull, K, Tripathy Swagat and
Dureja Harish, Cosmetics: Regulatory
Scenario in USA, EU and India Journal of
Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and
Management November 2015 vol 3 pp.
127–13.
[5]. Saha R: Cosmeceuticals and herbal drugs:
practical uses. International Journal of
Pharmaceutical Research and Sciences,
2012; 3: 59-65.
[6]. Bhadoriya SS, Ganeshpurkar A, Narwaria J,
Rai G, Jain AP. Tamarindus indica: Extent
of explored potential. Pharmacogn Rev.
2011;5(9):73-81. doi:10.4103/0973-
7847.79102
[7]. Waqas MK, Khan BA, Akhtar N, et al.
Fabrication of Tamarindus indica seeds
extract loaded-cream for photo-aged skin:
Visioscan® studies. Postepy Dermatol
Alergol. 2017;34(4):339-345.
doi:10.5114/ada.2017.69314
[8]. Gohil KJ, Patel JA, Gajjar AK.
Pharmacological Review on Centella
asiatica: A Potential Herbal Cure-all. Indian
J Pharm Sci. 2010;72(5):546-556.
doi:10.4103/0250-474X.78519
[9]. Buranasudja, V., Rani, D., Malla, A. et
al. Insights into antioxidant activities and
anti-skin-aging potential of callus extract
from Centella asiatica (L.). Sci
Rep 11, 13459 (2021).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92958-7
[10]. Patay Eva Brigitta, Papp Tímea Bencsik,
N´ora, Phytochemical overview and
medicinal importance of Coffea species
from the past until now:Asian Pacific
Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016; 9(12):
1127–1135 ,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.11.00
8.
[11]. Diamantino Monik Ellen dos Santos ,
Chaves Anny Carolinny Tigre Almeida
Silva1Daniel de Melo , Lemos Gisele da
Silveira , Queiroz Raphael Ferreira
:Formulation of an Antioxidant Cosmetic
Cream Containing Coffea arabica
Fractions,International Journal of Advanced
Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS)
Vol-6, Issue-6, June- 2019 DOI
10.22161/ijaers.6.6.85
[12]. Gad Heba A , Roberts Autumn , Samirah H
Hamzi, Gad Haidy A. 4 , Touiss Ilham 5 ,
Altyar Ahmed E. et al Jojoba Oil: An
Updated Comprehensive Review on
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Uses, and
Toxicity Polymers 2021, 13, 1711.
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13111711
[13]. Pazyar N, Yaghoobi R, Ghassemi MR,
Kazerouni A, Rafeie E, Jamshydian N.
Jojoba in dermatology: a succinct review. G
Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2013
Dec;148(6):687-91. PMID: 24442052.
[14]. Gupta, V., P. Mittal, P. Bansal, S. L.
Khokra, and D. Kaushik.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 6, Issue 4 July-Aug 2021, pp: 1517-1522 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781
DOI: 10.35629/7781-060415171522 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1521
“PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF
MATRICARIA RECUTITA-A
REVIEW”. International Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug
Research, Vol. 2, no. 1, Jan. 2010, pp. 12-
16,
http://ijpsdr.com/index.php/ijpsdr/article/vie
w/68.
[15]. Stallings AF, Lupo MP. Practical uses of
botanicals in skin care. J Clin Aesthet
Dermatol. 2009;2(1):36-40.
[16]. Pastorino G, Cornara L, Soares S, Rodrigues
F, Oliveira MBPP. Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza
glabra): A phytochemical and
pharmacological review. Phytother Res.
2018;32(12):2323-2339.
doi:10.1002/ptr.6178
[17]. Castangia I, Caddeo C, Manca ML, Casu L,
Latorre AC, Díez-Sales O et al Delivery of
liquorice extract by liposomes and
hyalurosomes to protect the skin against
oxidative stress injuries.,Polym. 2015 Dec
10; 134():657-63.
[18]. Mostafa DM, Ammar NM, Abd El-Alim
SH, El-anssary AATransdermal
microemulsions of Glycyrrhiza glabra L.:
characterization, stability and evaluation of
antioxidant potential.Drug Deliv. 2014 Mar;
21(2):130-9.
[19]. Simmler C, Pauli GF, Chen
SN.Phytochemistry and biological properties
of glabridin. Fitoterapia. 2013 Oct; 90():160-
84.
[20]. Pastorino G, Cornara L, Soares S, Rodrigues
F, Oliveira MBPP Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza
glabra): A phytochemical and
pharmacological review.Pastorino G,
Cornara L, Soares S, Rodrigues F, Oliveira
MBPP Phytother Res. 2018 Dec;
32(12):2323-2339.
[21]. Ciganović P, Jakimiuk K, Tomczyk M,
Zovko Končić M. Glycerolic Licorice
Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical
Ingredients: Extraction Optimization,
Chemical Characterization, and Biological
Activity. Antioxidants (Basel).
2019;8(10):445. Published 2019 Oct 1.
doi:10.3390/antiox8100445
[22]. Soto María Luisa, Falqué Elena, Domínguez
Herminia, Relevance of Natural Phenolics
from Grape and Derivative Products in the
Formulation of Cosmetics, Cosmetics 2015,
2, 259-276; doi:10.3390/cosmetics2030259.
[23]. Ferreira MS, Magalhães MC, Oliveira R,
Sousa-Lobo JM, Almeida IF. Trends in the
Use of Botanicals in Anti-Aging Cosmetics.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 11;26(12):3584. doi:
10.3390/molecules26123584. PMID:
34208257; PMCID: PMC8230945.
[24]. Ribeiro AS, Estanqueiro M, Oliveira MB,
Sousa Lobo JM. Main Benefits and
Applicability of Plant Extracts in Skin Care
Products. Cosmetics. 2015; 2(2):48-65.
https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics2020048
[25]. Ferreira MS, Magalhães MC, Oliveira R,
Sousa-Lobo JM, Almeida IF. Trends in the
Use of Botanicals in Anti-Aging Cosmetics.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 11;26(12):3584. doi:
10.3390/molecules26123584. PMID:
34208257; PMCID: PMC8230945.
[26]. Stallings AF, Lupo MP. Practical uses of
botanicals in skin care. J Clin Aesthet
Dermatol. 2009;2(1):36-40.
[27]. Meran Keshawa Ediriweera, Kamani
Hemamala Tennekoon, and Sameera
Ranganath Samarakoon A Review on
Ethnopharmacological Applications,
Pharmacological Activities, and Bioactive
Compounds of Mangifera indica (Mango)
Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary
and Alternative Medicine Volume 2017,
Article ID 6949835, 24 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6949835
[28]. Lauricella, M., Emanuele, S., Calvaruso, G.,
Giuliano, M. and D’Anneo, A. (2017)
Multifaceted Health Benefits of Mangifera
indica L. (Mango): The Inestimable Value of
Orchards Recently Planted in Sicilian Rural
Areas. Nutrients, 9,
525.https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050525
[29]. Yu, C. , Lin, Y. , Su, H. , Kan, K. , Liu, F. ,
Lin, S. , Chung, Y. , Hsu, H. and Lin, Y.
(2019) Unripe Fruit Extracts of Mangifera
indica L. Protect against AGEs Formation,
Melanogenesis and UVA-Induced Cell
Damage. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 10,
188-197. doi: 10.4236/fns.2019.102014.
[30]. Gantait S., Mahanta M., Bera S., Verma
S.K. Advances in biotechnology of Emblica
officinalis Gaertn. syn. Phyllanthus
emblica L.: A nutraceuticals-rich fruit tree
with multifaceted ethnomedicinal uses. 3
Biotech. 2021;11:62. doi: 10.1007/s13205-
020-02615-5.
[31]. Variya B.C., Bakrania A.K., Patel
S.S. Emblica officinalis (Amla): A review
for its phytochemistry, ethnomedicinal uses
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications
Volume 6, Issue 4 July-Aug 2021, pp: 1517-1522 www.ijprajournal.com ISSN: 2249-7781
DOI: 10.35629/7781-060415171522 | Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 1522
and medicinal potentials with respect to
molecular mechanisms. Pharmacol.
Res. 2016;111:180–200.
doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.013.
[32]. Kunchana K, Jarisarapurin W,
Chularojmontri L, Wattanapitayakul SK.
Potential Use of Amla (Phyllanthus
emblica L.) Fruit Extract to Protect Skin
Keratinocytes from Inflammation and
Apoptosis after UVB
Irradiation. Antioxidants (Basel).
2021;10(5):703. Published 2021 Apr 29.
doi:10.3390/antiox10050703
[33]. Chaikul, M. Kanlayavattanakul, J.
Somkumnerdet al.,Phyllanthus
emblicaL.(amla) branch: A safe and
effectiveingredient against skin aging,
Journal of Traditional and Complementary
Medicine,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.02.004
[34]. Shaygannia Erfaneh , Bahmani Mahmoud ,
Zamanzad Behnam , and Kopaei Mahmoud
Rafieian- A Review Study on Punica
granatum L,Journal of Evidence-Based
Complementary & Alternative Medicine
2016, Vol. 21(3) 221-227
[35]. Park Hye Min, Moon Eunjung , Kim Ae-
Jung, Kim Mi Hyun, Lee Sanghee , Lee
Jung Bok , Extract of Punica
granatum inhibits skin photoaging induced
by UVB irradiation
Volume49, Issue3,March 2010 Pages 276-
282 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-
4632.2009.04269.x
[36]. Lisbeth A. Pacheco-Palencia, Giuliana
Noratto, Lal Hingorani, Stephen T. Talcott,
and Susanne U. Mertens-Talcott Protective
Effects of Standardized Pomegranate
(Punica granatum L.) Polyphenolic Extract
in Ultraviolet-Irradiated Human Skin
Fibroblasts Journal of Agricultural and Food
Chemistry 2008 56 (18), 8434-8441 DOI:
10.1021/jf8005307
[37]. Bhattacharya A, Tiwari P, Sahu PK, Kumar
S. A Review of the Phytochemical and
Pharmacological Characteristics of Moringa
oleifera. J Pharm Bioallied Sci.
2018;10(4):181191.doi:10.4103/JPBS.JPBS
_126_18
[38]. Athikomkulchai, S.; Tunit, P.; Tadtong, S.;
Jantrawut, P.; Sommano, S.R.; Chittasupho,
C. Moringa oleifera Seed Oil Formulation
Physical Stability and Chemical Constituents
for Enhancing Skin Hydration and
Antioxidant Activity. Cosmetics 2021, 8, 2.
https://doi.org/ 10.3390/cosmetics8010002
[39]. Ali Atif, Akhtar Naveed, Chowdhary
Farzana Enhancement of human skin facial
revitalization by moringa leaf extract cream
,Postep Derm Alergol 2014; XXXI, 2: 71–
76, DOI: 10.5114/pdia.2014.40945
[40]. Tasneem Bashir, Zia-Ur-Rehman Mashwani,
Kulsoom Zahara, Shakeela Haider, Shaista
Tabassum and Mudrikah. Chemistry,
Pharmacology and Ethnomedicinal Uses of
Helianthus annuus (Sunflower): A Review.
Pure and Applied Biology. Vol. 4, Issue 2,
2015, pp 226-235
[41]. Stoia M, Oancea S. 2015. Selected
Evidence-Based Health Benefits of
Topically Applied Sunflower Oil. Applied
Science Reports, 10(1), 45-
49.DOI:10.15192/PSCP.ASR.2015.10.1.454
9)
[42]. Nurul Aini Mohd Azman, Monika
Skowyra, Kwestan Muhammad, María
Gabriela Gallego & Maria Pilar Almajano
Evaluation of the antioxidant activity
of Betula pendula leaves extract and its
effects on model foods,Pharmaceutical
Biology, Volume 55, 2017 - Issue 1
published online 2Feb2017.
[43]. Germanò MP, Cacciola F, Donato P, Dugo
P, Certo G, D'Angelo V, Mondello L,
Rapisarda A. Betula pendula leaves:
polyphenolic characterization and potential
innovative use in skin whitening products.
Fitoterapia. 2012 Jul;83(5):877-82. doi:
10.1016/j.fitote.2012.03.021. Epub 2012
Mar 28. PMID: 22480759.
