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RESEARCH COMMUNICATION
Morphological study of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. fruit and seed in
different growth stages
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Email: mono_malda@yahoo.co.in
ARTICLE HISTORY
KEYWORDS
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ABSTRACT
() *))# +) , - Nyctanthes
arbor.triss /-)/0#111
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Introducon
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Nyctanthesarbor5tristis!%/
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arbor5tristis 36'4 %
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Materials and Methods
Sample collection and meteorological data
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Laboratory methods
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&$ 3 &$5
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%
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LM study
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SEM study
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8>
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8>'3'BG85
/.--4 791A!
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Data analysis
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' K %
% ! F
%' !&6A '
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%' =%
'%'
!
8' = '
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3774!
8'=38H4L
Number of stomata
Microscopic field
8'38/4L
S×100
E+S
0">L' '''D
'"8L' D'!
Results
Fruit development and Macromorphology
H' ' 8
6 7-.; % <!
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Fig. 1. F'N!arbor5
tristis'34 34
!
Fig. 2. F'N!arbor5
tristis'34 34
!
'3'4"
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' % 3H! +4!
8'" ' .97 %'
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%'!?% '
'%3H!C4!%'
.!C97!C .
- 3H! CM ' .4! 8'
D %$!0E"%0"$&>C =
Fig.3. N! arbor5tristis !B A. ' " B. /' % '' %'"C.
'''"D. & H.H %'M E. #%''
'MF. G. '"'M
I."MJ. >'%"K. #"L. !
Fig. 4. /'' N! arbor5tristis!A. & B.( '''"C. 6'
'"D. & E.%%'" !
3H!+H"+F4! &
3N. 4 % %
3H! C4! % 3
4' % '
3N.4!
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Fig. 5.N! arbor5tristis !BA. F ' %" B. F '"C. )
% " D.–J. 8> B D. '' '' ''"
E. & I. $ " ' " 5' ' " F. ? ' ' '' '" G. > " H.
8 '" J. > >''" K.–M. 8> B K. & M. ?''
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Micromorphology
Fruit epicarp cell
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C#" CHM ' +4!'' '
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= 38H4 ' 38/4 .I!I*9
1+!++P7!,,91!C* %' 3 ' +4!
' %
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%
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Seed testa cell
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Stomata
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Crystal
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79+ ' ''
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Sclereids
H ' %
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3H!C4!
Regression analysis
('
% '
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D %$!0E"%0"$&>C =
Table 1. '%''3%4''
Stages of
fruit
develop
ment
Fruit dev.
days after
blooming
Fruit length (mm) Fruit breadth (mm)
Avg. Fruit
size (mm²)
Avg. Fruit wt.
with attached
bracts (mg)
Avg. Fruit wt.
without bracts
(mg)
Colour
Ln. range Ln. Avg. Br. range Br. Avg.
- - .!C-97!C- 7K-!7; .!-- .K- 7K-!7; 7!,+K-!I1 .!+-K-!C+C 6%
/ 7C 19.+ .-!C-K.!+, C!--9.-!-- *!C-K.!C. 1-!7.K7,!-* .C-!.+K,!.C .+1!I-KC!11 H'
// C- .,9.C .,!C-K-!,1 ..!C-9.7!C- .7!--K-!,, .*,!-+K;!77 7I-!+K71!I1 7.-!+K.I!IC
/// *C .I9.* .I!C,K-!,7 .+!--9.,!-- .+!,1K-!,, 77+!--K.-!,C +,,!1+K.7!-C +7-!.-K.+!I7
/A .-- .19.; .1!C-K-!,+ .C9.I .C!C-K-!,7 71I!1IK..!*, +1-!1-K.-!+; +C,!1+K;!I; #
A .7C 7-97, 7+!--K.!C. .*9.1 .*!C.K-!,. ,-7!*+K7;!.7 ,C-!7+K*!7; ,7+!+*KC!-7
#
%B%"B "%B%'"F!!B''"B'"B!
Table 2. '%''3%4''
Stages of
seed dev.
Seed dev.
days after
flowering
Ln. range
(mm) Avg. Ln. (mm) Br. (mm)
range Avg. br. (mm) Avg. size (mm²) Seed wt. (mg) Colour
- - - - - - - - -
/ 7C 7!C9C ,!.+K-!*+ 79, +!.+K-!*, .+!+,K,!;C 7-!ICK+!1C F
// C- C!C9* I!7CK-!C* ,!C9C!C ,!1*K-!+1 +-!C,K,!C+ +-!+-K+!-; F
/// *C *!C9; 1!7*K-!CC I9I!C I!7CK-!7, C.!*1K,!1I ,.!,-K+!1+ F
/A .-- ;!C9.-!C .-!--K-!,. *9*!C *!.CK-!.; *.!CIK,!C7 I.!;7K;!1; F
'
A .7C ..9., .7!--K-!;I 19..!C ;!I+K.!.I ..I!.IK7-!1* ..1!,.K.*!C.
'
% ' 37,4! ',"CI
5 %' ' %
" % < < %
<" -!;;+C" -!;*C* -!;1,7"
%'!
ANOVA analysis
/ 5%'
%' ' 7!,7
.- 3 '*4!⁻⁰⁶
Discussion
'' ''
' Nyctanthes
arbor5tristis ! ?%'" 3+" 7C4
% 5 '
'!%'
" ''
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%'' ' %'
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=% '
8>!
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= '! H
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3 ',9I4!/
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3'" " <4
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3 '*4!
Nyctanthes
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A 37I4!'3C9.-
Q'4'
6' 37*"714! '
''N!arbor5tristis
' '
6'! & ' '
'
6'!
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=F &>?80@&A>@BC
Table 3.S%='% '
Stomata Trichomes Cell pattern
Features Fruit epicarp Seed
testa Features Fruit
epicarp Seed testa Features Fruit epicarp Seed testa
Type
8
Type: $
Shape: '' ?''
Pore length: .1!,97.!-*Q Length: ..;!*.9
7--!-*Q Cell wall Pattern: 8'' 8''
Pore breadth: C!-+9*!;.Q Branching: Intercellular
space:
G.C. length: 7+!.I5
+1!I1Q Shape: 8' Surface
sculpture: )% )%
G.C. breadth: .*!-,9
7+!-.Q Gland: Crystalline
structure:
?%
=' ?
Stomatal
frequency (SF):
.I!I*91+!++
P Curve: Sclereid '
Stomatal index
(SI): 7!,,91!C* Base: 8
Cuticle
deposition layer: $% $%
Table 4.('34
34
Regression statistics
''( -!;;+CII
(8= -!;1*.*,
(8= -!;1+;I1
8> -!;7--;+
6 % I
Table 5.( 34
<3P4
Regression statistics
''( -!;*C*7*
(8= -!;C7-,+
(8= -!;,--C+
8> +C!.1--+
6 % I
Table 6. (
<3P4
Regression statistics
''( -!;1,7-C
(8= -!;I1IC;
(8= -!;I-17,
8> 71!,,.-I
6 % I
Table 7. &6A '%'
%''
ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
F CC.-C,!+ * *1*77!-, 1!,;;177 7!,7>5-I +!.7+*C*
)
F +*-,I,!, ,- ;7I.!I..
' ;7.C.1!* ,*
8R-!-.'%'!
! 8H .-9.--
'8H ''
' 37;9+.4!
'3+4"8HN!arbor5tristis
'%7..!..9,11!11P
8H .I!I*9
1+!++ P" "
' % 37;9+.4
'''
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8 ' ' ''
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%
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Conclusion
Nyctanthesarbor5
tristis! '!/
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G9H 'H 9
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Acknowledgements
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Authors’ contribuons
' %" ' ' ''"
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Con(ict of interests
' % '
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References
.! F'""!'
' 3Momordicacharantia !"
4!8?'! 7-.IM
1C3.4B+,;-!BDD!D.-!CC1ID !+,;-
7! 8'#" # 8" 8?! ?
' Nyctanthes arbor5tritis ! ?
(%!7--*M.374B+,,9,;!
+! /! 8
Nyctanthesarbor5tristis ! ?!# TU! #
" $% M 7-.+! %' ' B
BDD'!'!D.-I-+D*.,,.
,! ' 0" &(! ' ' "
' ' '' %
Nyctanthesarbor5tristis! ( G' 8"
" ?' ' 8!
7-.;MC374B.--+97+!BDD!D.-!7I,*;D7-.;!-C-7!*I
C! G8" 8%% A" F ?@! /B '
''m Nyctanthes arbor-tristis!G'
&' ?! .;;.MC,3,4B..-79-,!
BDD!D.-!.-7.DC--*I-+-
I! G (" '! % '' '
Nyctanthesarbor5tristis ! 304!
G''!7-..MI3C4B.1197-7!
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5 ' % Nyctanthesarbor5tristis! G'
'?'(!7-.7M,3+4B.I1I9;C!
1! ? ?" 8 8! In-vitro '
'%Nyctanthes arbor5tristis !
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Nyctanthesarbor5tristis ! 3& G4B
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Nyctanthesarbor5tristis ! G'
??!7-.,M73I4B7-+9.7!
7I! 80!& Nyctanthes
Dimetra! ''! .;C7M7*.9*7!
BDD!D.-!7+-*D,.-;7*1
7*! &("0 0! '%
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71! 8 G0" 0 8?! % '
H" H Myxopyrum 36'4
'! G' ?' !
7-.7M,73.4BC-9I+!BDD!D.-!....-D!7-.7!,7!.!-C-
7;! '"<H!H9%!?'"''
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BDD!D.-!.-*1D-+I*57C+-5---1-
+.! 8X< " H F" 8' #)! 8' %
'% ' 3Passiflora edulis
84 ' ''THylocereus
megalanthus 3! 8! A'4 (' U! Y
' !7-.+M+.3.4B+15,*!
Addional informaon
Peer review informaon:Plant Science Today 6!)"
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Reprints and permissions informaon
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Publisher’s NoteHorizon e-Publishing Group #
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To cite this arcle6?10/-Nyctanthes
arbor-triss /-,/D!$/
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Plant Science Today1 Horizon e-Publishing Group1
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