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Analysis of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) Product in Web Based Client-Server Architecture
Abstract
Free and open source software (FOSS) differs from proprietary software. FOSS facilitates the design of various applications per the user's requirement. Web applications are not exceptional in this way. Web-based applications are mostly based on client server architecture. This article is an analytical study of FOSS products used in web-based client server architecture. This article will provide information about FOSS product such as FireFox (web browser), Apache (web server) and MySQL (RDBMS). These reveal that various FOSS products such as Apache server covers 65% of the market share, while MySQL covers 58.7% market share and hold the top-most rank.
... Однако неопределѐнность сохраняется в понятиях, практическое содержание которых не меняется десятилетиями: веб-карта, веб-ГИС, веб-атлас, картографический веб-сервис и т. д. При этом в материалах по веб-картографии на английском языке термины, стереотипные подходы, лучшие практики закреплены в международных стандартах (Open Geospatial Consortium, ISO TC 211), энциклопедических статьях [3,4], научных публикациях, где подробно рассматриваются вопросы конструирования [5][6][7], восприятия [8][9][10] и технологического обеспечения веб-картографирования [11][12][13]. ...
О проблемах употребления терминов, связанныхс веб-картографией, в материалах на русском языке.
Model Drive System plus (MDSplus) is an efficient and convenient data storage and management software designed by MIT specifically for pulse experiments. After years of development, MDSplus has become a data management system that integrates data acquisition, storage and processing of complex scientific data. However, with the development of the experimental pulse, long pulse experiment has now become the main mode of pulse-type experiment. Compared with the short pulse experiment, the data acquisition under the long pulse experiment speed is faster, the experiment time is longer, and the amount of data is larger. In view of the fact that most of the existing visualization systems are based on client/server (C/S) architecture, which can only display local visualization. Therefore, In order to enrich the way for experimenters to obtain data, this paper designs a visual platform based on browser/server (B/S) that using the WAMP (Windows+apache+MySQL+php) architecture to build the server. The bootstrap framework is used to build the front-end. Before the visualization data transmission, the original data is processed by segmentation technology to reduce server load and improve transmission utilization so that experimenters can query and obtain the required data remotely through the platform.
As it provides a firm foundation for advancing knowledge, a solid literature review is a critical feature of any academic investigation. Yet, there are several challenges in performing literature reviews including: i) lack of access to the literature because of costs, ii) fracturing of the literature into many sources, lack of access and comprehensive coverage in many databases and search engines, and iii) the use of proprietary software lock-in strategies for bibliographic software, which can make porting literature reviews between organizations cumbersome and costly. These challenges often result in poor quality literature reviews completed by a single researcher unfamiliar with the approaches to the same research in other sub-fields and static reviews that are often lost to the scientific community. In this paper, an open source approach will be expanded to the application of improving the quality of literature reviews by providing best practices. Although there are many types and goals of literature reviews, it is found that all of them can be improved using a tool chain of free and open source software (FOSS) and methods. Specifically, this paper will provide a clear framework for i) comprehensive searching and obtaining access to the literature, ii) the use of FOSS for all steps including browsing, bibliographic software, and writing and iii) documenting a literature review to encourage collaboration of a dynamic document that lives into the future. This approach solves the current challenges of literature reviews and provides benefits of lower labor and economic costs, improved researcher control, and increased potential for collaboration. Finally, the challenges of using this approach and methods to overcome them are reviewed and future work is described.
Water resources web applications or “web apps” are growing in popularity as a means to overcome many of the challenges associated with hydrologic simulations in decision-making. Water resources web apps fall outside of the capabilities of standard web development software, because of their spatial data components. These spatial data needs can be addressed using a combination of existing free and open source software (FOSS) for geographic information systems (FOSS4G) and FOSS for web development. However, the abundance of FOSS projects that are available can be overwhelming to new developers. In an effort to understand the web of FOSS features and capabilities, we reviewed many of the state-of-the-art FOSS software projects in the context of those that have been used to develop water resources web apps published in the peer-reviewed literature in the last decade (2004–2014).
This survey of 15 popular cloud databases provides an overview of each system and its storage platform, license type, and programming language used for writing the source code of the NoSQLs. It also considers important features such as data handling techniques and billing practices.
BackgroundIn 2004 the concept of evidence-based software engineering (EBSE) was introduced at the ICSE04 conference.AimsThis study assesses the impact of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) which are the recommended EBSE method for aggregating evidence.MethodWe used the standard systematic literature review method employing a manual search of 10 journals and 4 conference proceedings.ResultsOf 20 relevant studies, eight addressed research trends rather than technique evaluation. Seven SLRs addressed cost estimation. The quality of SLRs was fair with only three scoring less than 2 out of 4.ConclusionsCurrently, the topic areas covered by SLRs are limited. European researchers, particularly those at the Simula Laboratory appear to be the leading exponents of systematic literature reviews. The series of cost estimation SLRs demonstrate the potential value of EBSE for synthesising evidence and making it available to practitioners.
Geographic Information tools (GI tools) have become an essential component of research in landscape ecology. In this article we review the use of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and GI tools in landscape ecology, with an emphasis on free and open source software (FOSS) projects. Specifically, we introduce the background and terms related to the free and open source software movement, then compare eight FOSS desktop GIS with proprietary GIS to analyse their utility for landscape ecology research. We also provide a summary of related landscape analysis FOSS applications, and extensions. Our results indicate that (i) all eight GIS provide the basic GIS functionality needed in landscape ecology, (ii) they all facilitate customisation, and (iii) they all provide good support via forums and email lists. Drawbacks that have been identified are related to the fact that most projects are relatively young. This currently affects the size of their user and developer communities, and their ability to include advanced spatial analysis functions and up-to-date documentation. However, we expect these drawbacks to be addressed over time, as systems mature. In general, we see great potential for the use of free and open source desktop GIS in landscape ecology research and advocate concentrated efforts by the landscape ecology community towards a common, customisable and free research platform.
The focus of this chapter is to review what is known about free and open source software development (FOSSD) work practices, development processes, project and community dynamics, and other socio-technical relationships. It does not focus on specific properties or technical attributes of different FOSS systems, but it does seek to explore how FOSS is developed and evolved. The chapter provides a brief background on what FOSS is and how free software and open source software development efforts are similar and different. From there attention shifts to an extensive review of a set of empirical studies of FOSSD that articulate different levels of analysis. These characterize what has been analyzed in FOSSD studies across levels that examine why individuals participate; resources and capabilities supporting development activities; how cooperation, coordination, and control are realized in projects; alliance formation and inter-project social networking; FOSS as a multi-project software ecosystem, and FOSS as a social movement. Following this, the chapter reviews how different research methods are employed to examine different issues in FOSSD. These include reflective practice and industry polls, survey research, ethnographic studies, mining FOSS repositories, and multi-modal modeling and analysis of FOSSD processes and socio-technical networks. Finally, there is a discussion of limitations and constraints in the FOSSD studies so far, attention to emerging opportunities for future FOSSD studies, and then conclusions about what is known about FOSSD through the empirical studies reviewed here.
Programmers often search for Open Source code to use in their projects. To understand how and why programmers search for source code, we conducted a web-based survey and collected data from 69 respondents, including 58 specific examples of searches. Analyzing these anecdotes, we found that they could be categorized along two orthogonal dimensions: motivation (reuse vs. reference example) and size of search target. The targets of these searches could range in size from a block (a few lines of code) to a subsystem (e.g. library or API), to an entire system. Within these six combinations of motivations and target sizes, nine repeating motifs, or archetypes, were created to characterize Internet-scale source code searching. Tools used for searching and the criteria for selecting a component are also discussed. We conclude with guidance on how these archetypes can inform better evaluation of Internet-scale code search engines, as well as the design of new features for these tools. Full Text at Springer, may require registration or fee
: The World Wide Web's anticipated scope as an environment for knowledge exchange has changed dramatically. Without major modifications to its primary mechanisms the Web has turned into a platform for distributed applications. The originally simple and well-defined coarse-grained implementation model of the Web now hinders Web application development. Fine-grained development artifacts, design patterns, and other well-established Software Engineering methods are hard to reuse in the Web after they have found their way into implementation resources. The application of Software Engineering practice to development for the Web, which is also referred to as Web Engineering, and especially the systematic reuse of components for Web-application development at low-costs is a main goal to achieve. This paper explains how the object-oriented and component-based WebComposition Markup Language (WCML) addresses these problems. A systematic approach to code reuse is presented with the WebCompositio...
What is the status of the Free and Open Source Software (F/OSS) revolution? Has the creation of software that can be freely used, modified, and redistributed transformed industry and society, as some predicted, or is this transformation still a work in progress? Perspectives on Free and Open Source Software brings together leading analysts and researchers to address this question, examining specific aspects of F/OSS in a way that is both scientifically rigorous and highly relevant to real-life managerial and technical concerns.
The book analyzes a number of key topics: the motivation behind F/OSS—why highly skilled software developers devote large amounts of time to the creation of "free" products and services; the objective, empirically grounded evaluation of software—necessary to counter what one chapter author calls the "steamroller" of F/OSS hype; the software engineering processes and tools used in specific projects, including Apache, GNOME, and Mozilla; the economic and business models that reflect the changing relationships between users and firms, technical communities and firms, and between competitors; and legal, cultural, and social issues, including one contribution that suggests parallels between "open code" and "open society" and another that points to the need for understanding the movement's social causes and consequences.
In this paper we will try to present a comparative study of non-relational databases and relational databases. We mainly focus our presentation on one implementation of the NoSQL database technology, namely MongoDB, and make a comparison with another implementation of relational databases, namely MySQL, and thus justifying why MongoDB is more efficient than MySQL. We will also present the advantages of using a non-relational database compared to a relational database, integrated in a forum in the field of personal and professional development. The NoSQL database used to develop the forum is MongoDB, and was chosen from a variety of non-relational databases, thanks to some aspects that we will highlight in this article. The database integration in the framework will also be presented.
The open source movement is a worldwide effort to promote an open style of software development more aligned with the accepted intellectual style of science than the proprietary modes of invention that have been characteristic of modern business. The idea is to keep the scientific advances created by software development openly available for everyone to use, understand, and improve. The very process of open source creation is highly transparent. This book addresses prominent projects in the open source movement, along with its enabling technologies, social characteristics, legal issues, business venues, and public and educational roles. © Fadi P. Deek and James A. M. McHugh 2008 and Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Open source software development represents a fundamentally new concept in the field of software engineering. Open source development and delivery occurs over the Internet. Developers are not confined to a geographic area. They work voluntarily on a project of their choice. As new requirements emerge, the software is enhanced bv the user/developers. In this paper we show a comparative study of open source and closed source software development approaches and present a software life cycle model for open source software development.
Some very successful “open source” software products have been and are being developed, distributed, and supported in the field on a voluntary basis by and for users themselves — no supplier required2. The motives that induce users to contribute to an open source project “for free” and the mechanisms by which the various tasks can be effectively carried out are currently a subject of study for both practitioners and academics. To this point, explorations of the mechanics of and the incentives to participate in open source software projects have focused on the core tasks of developing and debugging and improving the open source software itself. Major motives used to explain why users would voluntarily work on these basic tasks include:1.
a user’s direct need for the software and software improvements worked upon,
2.
enjoyment of the work itself and
3.
the enhanced reputation that may flow from making high-quality contributions to an open source project.
Open source software is becoming increasingly popular. The open question is how far it will go in displacing traditional proprietary or "closed source" software? Is the whole face of software likely to change over the next decade? Will open source software topple the Microsoft juggernaut? This article attempts to delve into open source from the viewpoint of users, developers, and major software and service vendors.
In this paper, free and open source software are discussed. Open source is an intellectual property destroyer. Nothing could be worse than this for the software business and the intellectual-property business. Microsoft has an official open source presence on the Web (www.microsoft.com/opensource), and in July 2010, Jean Paoli, the General Manager for Interoperability Strategy at Microsoft, delivered a keynote address at the O'Reilly Open Source Convention.
Free and open source software-a feasibility study
- I Andersson
- T Laurell
Changing mankind. Upside
- J Borrell
Proprietary Software, Free and Open-Source Software, and Piracy: An Economic Analysis: A theoretical approach to competition between free and non-free software in the presence of unauthorised copying and network externalities
- A R Gramstad
The open source definition (annotated)
- Os Initiative
Design and Analysis of Web Application Frameworks
- M Schwarz
Method of calculating the scores of the DB-Engines Ranking
- I T Solid
- J.Feller