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Arachnology (2021) 18 (8), 821–828 821
Further notes on the jumping spiders (Araneae:
Salticidae) of Afghanistan
Dmitri V. Logunov
The Manchester Museum,
The University of Manchester,
Oxford Road,
Manchester, M13 9PL
email: dmitri.v.logunov@manchester.ac.uk
Abstract
Two new species of the jumping spiders from Afg ha ni st an
(Jalalabad), Attulus nangrahar sp. n. (♀) and Plexippus sengleti
sp. n. (♂♀), are diagnosed, illustrated, and described. Four
species, Attulus ansobicus (Andreeva, 1976), Chalcoscirtus
paraansobicus Marusik, 1990, Langona tartarica (Charitonov,
1946), and Pellenes epularis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872), are
reported for the salticid fauna of Afghanistan for the rst time.A
brief discussion of the state of knowledge of the Afghani Saltici-
dae is provided.
Keywords: Aranei • Central Asia • faunistics • new records • new species
Introduction
The Salticidae fauna of Afghanistan seems to be one of
the least studied in Central Asia. To date, only three notice-
able taxonomic-faunistic works devoted to Afghani spiders,
containing the bulk of the currently available information
about Salticidae, have been published by Denis (1958),
Roewer (1962), and Logunov & Zamanpoore (2005). In
addition, only a few more salticid species have been added
to the Afghani fauna by several authors (Prószyński 1982;
Andreeva, Hęciak & Prószyński 1984; Wesołowska 1986;
Logunov 2001a,b, 2021; Azarkina 2006, 2019; Metzner
2021).
In the last year, two comparatively small salticid collec-
tions from Afghanistan fell into the author’s hands: seven
samples of eight specimens collected by the Swiss traveller
Ambros Aichhorn during his 1969 trip to the Hindukush
mountains in north-east Afghanistan (see Winding 2012 for
some biographical data on Aichhorn and his travels) and 12
samples of 15 specimens collected by the famous Swiss
arachnologist Antoine Senglet (1927–2015) in eastern
Afghanistan in 1975. Despite their small size, both collec-
tions prove to be interesting, accounting together for 14
species of which four are new records to the regional fauna
and two are undescribed species.
The aims of the present paper are: 1) to describe two new
salticid species from Afghanistan, 2) to provide an anno-
tated species list of 14 Afghani salticid species resulted from
the study of the two aforementioned collections, and 3) to
briey discuss the current state of knowledge of the Saltici-
dae of Afghanistan.
Material and methods
Atotalof23specimenswerestudiedfromtwomuseums,
as follows: NMBE = Naturhistorisches Museum, Bern,
Switzerland (curator: C. Kropf), and MHNG = Museum
d’historie naturelle, Gèneve, Switzerland (curator: P.
Schwendinger).
Distributional maps were produced by using the online
mapping software SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010).
In the distributional data given below for each species the
term ‘subboreal’ is used according to Gorodkov (1984) and
means the latitudinal zone of typical temperate climate that
includes nemoral forests in humid regions, or forest-
steppes, steppes and semideserts in arid regions; see
Logunov & Marusik (2000) for further details.
The following abbreviations are used in the text: AME =
anterior median eye, ap = apical, d = dorsal, Fm = femur, Mt
= metatarsus, PLE = posterior median eye, pr = prolateral,
Pt = patella, rt = retrolateral, Tb = tibia, v = ventral. For the
leg spination the system adopted is that used by Ono (1988).
The sequence of leg segments in measurement data is as fol-
lows: femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus (total).
All measurements are in mm.
Attulus ammophilus (Thorell, 1875)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♀(MHNG),Kabul,Eof
Kabul, 34°34′N 69°29′E, 04 August 1975, A. Senglet; 1♂
(MHNG), Kandahar, E of Kandahar, 31°37′N 65°53′E, 01
August 1975, A. Senglet.
Remarks:ItisasouthEuropean-CentralAsiansubboreal
species, known from Romania in the west, throughout the
Caucasus and Iran (Logunov & Wesołowska, 1995;
Logunov, Marusik & Mozaffarian 2001) to Kyrgyzstan and
north-east Afghanistan in the east (Logunov & Rakov 1998;
Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005; present data).
Attulus ansobicus (Andreeva, 1976) (Figs. 1–4)
Material:AFGHANISTAN: 1♂ (NMBE), Hindukush
Mts, ‘Qazideh’ [apparently, kishlak Quazi Deh in
Badakhshan; ~36°40′N 71°46′E], 4300 m, moraine, 12 Sep-
tember 1969, A. Aichhorn; 1♀ (NMBE), same locality,
4630 m, moraine, 04–24 August 1969,A. Aichhorn.
Remarks:ItisatypicalCentralAsiansubborealhighland
species, known from south-east Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan (Logunov 1993; Logunov & Rakov 1998;
Logunov & Wesołowska, 1995) and north-east Afghanistan
(present data). The present record from Afghanistan (Hin-
dukush Mts) lies at the southernmost limit of the species
range, and it is the rst record of A. ansobicus from the
country.
The studied specimens belong to the form A (sensu
Logunov 1993) because the male lacks bunches of white
setae dorsally on on the palpal tibia and patella. However,
the tiny morphological differences between the forms Aand
BdescribedbyLogunov(1993)seemtoreectanintraspe-
D. V. Logunov 821
822 On the jumping spiders of Afghanistan
cic variation only, as both forms could be found in the
same collecting samples, and should not be taken into con-
sideration.
Attulus nangrahar sp. n. (Figs. 10–13)
Typ e: Holotype ♀ (MHNG), Afghanistan, Nangrahar, NE
of Jalalabad, 34°30′N 70°33′E, 08 August 1975,A. Senglet.
Etymology:Thespecicepithetisanouninapposition
taken from Nangrahar Province of Afghanistan where the
type locality is situated.
Diagnosis:Thefemaleofthenewspeciesismostsimilar
to that of A. karakumensis (Logunov, 1992), from which it
can be distinguished by the conformation of the vulva: the
straight insemination ducts (S-shaped in A. karakumosa)
and the receptacles situated above the insemination ducts
(along the same plane with the insemination ducts in A.
karakumosa); cf. Figs. 11–12 with g. 7D in Logunov
(1992). For comparative illustrations of other Attulus
species see Metzner (2021). The male of A. nangrahar sp.
n. is unknown.
Distribution:Thetypelocalityonly(Fig.13).
Description of holotype female: Carapace 1.55 long, 1.28
wide, 0.78 high at PLE; ocular area 0.88 long, 1.11 wide
anteriorly, 1.13 wide posteriorly. Diameter of AME 0.35.
Abdomen 1.43 long, 1.15 wide. Cheliceral length 0.45.
Clypeal height 0.05. Length of leg segments: I 0.73 + 0.45
+ 0.43 + 0.36 + 0.28 (2.25); II 0.75 + 0.45 + 0.38 + 0.38 +
0.28 (2.24); III 1.03 + 0.50 + 0.53 + 0.60 + 0.28 (2.94); IV
0.93 + 0.40 + 0.53 + 0.68 + 0.29 (2.83). Leg formula: III
,IV,I,II. Leg spination: I: Fm d 1ap; Tb pr 0-1-1, v 2-2-2ap;
Mt v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-0-1-1; Tb pr 0-1, v 1-1; Mt v 2-2ap.
III: Fm d 0-0-0-2; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb pr and rt 1-1, v 2ap;
Mt pr and rt 1-2ap, v 0-2-2ap. IV: Fm d 0-0-0-1; Tb pr 0-1,
rt 1-1, v 1ap; Mt pr and rt 1-0-2ap. Colour in alcohol: cara-
Figs. 1–9: Copulatory organs of Attulus ansobicus (Andreeva, 1976) (1–4), Chalcoscirtus paraansobicus Marusik, 1990 (7–9), and Heliophanillus fulgens (O.
Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) (5, 6) from north-east Afghanistan. 1, 7 male palp, ventral view; 2tibial apophysis, retrolateral view; 3, 5, 9 epigyne,
ventral view; 4, 6, 8 vulva, dorsal view. Scale lines = 0.1 mm.
D. V. Logunov 823
pace brown, with black around eyes, covered with long
white recumbent scales. Sternum brown-yellow, densely
covered with whitish hairs. Labium and endites brown-yel-
low, with white apexes. Chelicerae brown-yellow.
Abdomen: dorsum and sides yellow brownish, with no
colour pattern; venter yellowish. Book-lung covers whitish.
Spinnerets yellow. Legs yellow, with brownish rings at seg-
ment joints. Palps yellow. Epigyne and vulva as in Figs. 10–
12: epigynal plate round; copulatory openings invisible;
epigynal pocket present, situated close to epigastric furrow;
insemination ducts narrow, straight and tube-shaped; recep-
tacles S-shaped, situated above inseminations ducts; fertili-
sation ducts prominent, situated at apical ends of
receptacles.
Bianor albobimaculatus (Lucas, 1846)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♀(NMBE),Helmand
[province] (no exact locality), creek rubble, 09 September
1969, A. Aichhorn.
Remarks:ItisawidespreadAfrotropical-SouthPalaearc-
tic species, known from South Africa to north India
(Punjab), and from Portugal in the west to Kyrgyzstan,
Tajikistan, and Afghanistan in the east (Logunov 2001a,
2009; Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005; present data).
Chalcoscirtus paraansobicus Marusik, 1990 (Figs. 7–9)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♂1♀(NMBE),‘Hin-
dukush Mts, ‘Qazideh’ [apparently, kishlak Quazi Deh in
Badakhshan; ~36°40′N 71°46′E], 4300 m, moraine, 12 Sep-
tember 1969, A. Aichhorn; 1♀ (NMBE), same locality,
3500 m, river gravel, 03 August 1969,A. Aichhorn.
Remarks:ItisatypicalCentralAsiansubborealhighland
species, known from south-east Kazakhstan, east Turk-
menistan, south-east Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
(Logunov & Marusik 1999), and north-east Afghanistan
(present data). The present record from Afghanistan (Hin-
dukush Mts) lies at the southernmost limit of the species
range, and it is the rst record of C. paraaansobicus from
the country.
Cyrba ocellata (Kroneberg, 1875)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♀(MHNG),Nangrahar,
NE of Jalalabad, 34°30′N 70°33′E, 08 August 1975,A. Sen-
glet.
Remarks:Itisacommonpantropicalspeciesrepeatedly
reported from Central Asia, including Afghanistan
(Logunov & Rakov 1998; Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005;
present data).
Figs. 10–12: Holotype female of Attulus nangrahar sp. n. 10 epigyne, ventral view; 11 vulva, dorsal view; 12 same, view from behind. Scale lines = 0.1 mm.
Figs. 13–14: Collecting localities. 13 Attulus nangrahar sp. n.; 14 Plexippus sengleti sp. n.
824 On the jumping spiders of Afghanistan
Heliophanillus fulgens (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
(Figs. 5–6)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♀(MHNG),Nangrahar,
NE of Jalalabad, 34°30′N 70°33′E, 08 August 1975,A. Sen-
glet.
Remarks:ItisaneasternMediterraneanspecies,reported
from North Africa, theArabian Peninsula, and the Near East
(Wesołowska & van Harten 2007), eastward to Afghanistan
(Logunov & Zamanpoore, 2005: sub.H. lucipeta;present
data).
Heliophanus mordax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
Material: AFGHANISTAN: 1♀ (MHNG), Nuristan,
Bashgultal [apparently, the site at 25 km NNE of Barikot;
~35°25′N 71°29′E], 21 May 1953, J. Klapperich.
Remarks: It is an eastern Mediterranean-Central Asian
subboreal species, known from Greece and Egypt in the
west, throughout Asia Minor, the Near East and the Cauca-
sus (Logunov 2015), eastward to eastern Afghanistan
(Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005; present data). The present
record from Afghanistan (Bashgultal) lies at the easternmost
limit of the species range.
Langona aperta (Denis, 1958) (Figs. 15–22)
Material:AFGHANISTAN: 1♂ (NMBE), NE
Afghanistan, ‘7 rov. Kunar, Nuristan: Gusalek’ [apparently,
Bar-Kunar; ~35°05′N, 71°22′E], 2000 m, June 1966, Löhrl.
Remarks:Thespeciesisknownfromfewlocalitiesfrom
north-eastern Iran (Mirshamsi et al. 2013) and Afghanistan
(Denis 1958; Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005; present data)
only.
The morphologically uniform aelurilline genus Langona
Simon, 1901b contains 43 poorly distinguishable species
(World Spider Catalog 2020) and is in need of urgent revi-
sion. The present identication is based on the record and
redescription of L. aperta from Afghanistan provided by
Logunov & Zamanpoore (2005). Both the conformation of
male copulatory organs (Figs. 20–21) and body colouration,
particularly of leg I (Fig. 18), match perfectly those of the
male studied by Logunov & Zamanpoore (2005: gs. 1–7);
besides, both records were made from the localities lying at
about 2000 m.
Langona tartarica (Charitonov, 1946)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♂(MHNG),Kabul,Eof
Kabul, 34°34′N 69°29′E, 04 August 1975,A. Senglet.
Remarks:ItisaCentralAsiansubborealspecies
(Logunov & Rakov 1998), with the south-westernmost
localities lying in Hormozgan and Kordestan provinces of
Iran (Azarkina & Zamani 2019) and south-easternmost
Figs. 15–22: General appearance and male copulatory organs of Langona aperta (Denis, 1958) from north-eastern Afghanistan. 15 body, dorsal view;
16 same, lateral view; 17 same, ventral view; 18 right rst leg, mesal view; 19 carapace, front view; 20 male palp, ventral view; 21 same,
retrolateral view; 22 embolar division, dorsal view. Scale lines = 1 mm (15–19), 0.1 mm (20–22).
D. V. Logunov 825
localities lying in north Pakistan (Logunov & Ponomarev
2020); it is the rst record of L. tartarica from Afghanistan,
which lies within the known range of the species.
Menemerus marginatus (Kroneberg, 1875)
Material:AFGHANISTAN: 3♂2♀ (MHNG), Nangra-
har, NE of Jalalabad, 34°30′N 70°33′E, 08 August 1975, A.
Senglet.
Remarks:ThespeciesisknownfromtheUnitedArab
Emirates (Wesołowska & van Harten 2011), throughout Iran
(Logunov et al. 2007; Mirshamsi et al. 2013) and the east-
ern Caucasus (Rakov & Logunov 1997) to Tajikistan,
Afghanistan and Pakistan in the east (Rakov & Logunov
1997; Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005; Bauer, Freudenschuss
& Grabolle 2015; Logunov & Ponomarev 2020; present
data).
Pellenes epularis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♂(NMBE),Faizabad
[=Feyẕābād in Badakhshan], ~37°06′N 70°33′E, 29 July
1969, A. Aichhorn.
Remarks: It is a Central Asian subboreal species known
from Iran and the Caucasus in the west (Logunov, Marusik
&Rakov1999;Logunov,Marusik&Mozaffarian2001;
Zamani et al. 2020) across Central Asia to Kyrgyzstan and
Tajikistan in the east (Logunov, Marusik & Rakov 1999),
and north-east Afghanistan in the south-east (present data);
it is the rst record of P. ep u l a ri s from the country.
Plexippus paykulli (Audouin, 1826)
Material:AFGHANISTAN:1♀(MHNG),Nangrahar,
NE of Jalalabad, 34°30′N 70°33′E, 08 August 1975,A. Sen-
glet.
Remarks: It is a widespread, pantropical species (Met-
zner 2021; World Spider Catalog 2020).
Plexippus sengleti sp. n. (Figs. 14, 23–26)
Typ es: Holotype ♂ (MHNG), AFGHANISTAN: Nangra-
har, NE of Jalalabad, 34°30′N 70°33′E, 08 August 1975, A.
Senglet. Paratype: 1♀ (MHNG), AFGHANISTAN: Kabul,
EofKabul,34°34′N69°29′E,04August1975,A.Senglet.
Etymology:ThenewspeciesisdedicatedtoA.Senglet
(1927–2015) who collected the type series of this new
species.
Diagnosis:Themaleofthenewspeciesisclosesttothat
of Plexippus kondarensis (Charitonov, 1951) known from
south-eastern Kazakhstan and Tajikistan (see Logunov &
Rakov 1998), from which it can be distinguished by the nar-
rower bulbus and the shape of the tibial apophysis (cf. Figs.
23–24 with gs. 43–44 in Logunov & Rakov 1998); cara-
pace colour pattern of two males is also different: two wide
longitudinal bands in P. se n g l et i sp. n. compared to two
large, brown, square spots in P. kon d a r e n si s (g. 46 in
Figs. 23–26: Holotype male and paratype female of Plexippus sengleti sp. n. 23 male palp, ventral view; 24 same, retrolateral view; 25 epigyne, ventral view;
26 vulva, dorsal view. Scale lines = 0.1 mm.
826 On the jumping spiders of Afghanistan
Logunov & Rakov 1998). The female of P. sen g l e ti sp. n. is
most similar to that of P. m i n o r Wesołow ska & van Har ten,
2010 from the UAE (see Wesołowska & van Harten 2010,
2020), from which it can be distinguished by the compact,
sclerotized and bean-shaped vulva in which the receptacles
are totally fused with the insemination ducts (round recepta-
cles that are distinguishable from the long and straight
insemination ducts; cf. Fig. 26 with g. 16 in Wesołowska
&vanHarten2020).
Remarks:TheholotypemaleandparatypesfemaleofP.
sengleti sp. n. were not collected together and hence their
matching is to be considered provisional. However, their
body colouration (two longitudinal brownish stripes both on
carapace and on dorsum) is almost identical, making it safe
to conclude that both sexes have been matched correctly.
Distribution:TwolocalitiesinAfghanistan(Fig.14).
Description of holotype male: Carapace 2.35 long, 1.60
wide, 1.10 high at PLE; ocular area 1.08 long, 1.35 wide
anteriorly and 1.35 wide posteriorly. Diameter of AME
0.44. Abdomen 2.00 long, 1.25 wide. Cheliceral length
0.73. Clypeal height 0.20. Length of leg segments: I 1.28 +
0.70 + 0.95 + 0.80 + 0.50 (4.23); II 1.20 + 0.65 + 0.75 + 0.70
+ 0.50 (3.80); III 1.35 + 0.68 + 0.80 + 0.95 + 0.50 (4.28); IV
1.43 + 0.65 + 0.95 + 1.15 + 0.50 (4.68). Leg formula: IV,II-
I,I,II. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-5; Pt pr 0-1-0; Tb pr and
rt 1-1, v 2-2-2ap; Mt pr and rt 1ap, v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-2-5;
Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb pr and rt 1-1, v 2-2-2ap; Mt pr and rt
1ap, v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 0-1-1-4; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb pr 1-1-
1-1, rt 1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-0, pr and rt 1-2ap, v 2-2ap.
IV: Fm d 0-1-1-4; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb d 1-0, pr 1-1-1-1, rt
1-1-1, v 1-0-2ap; Mt d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-1-2ap, v 2-2ap.
Colour in alcohol: Carapace yellow-orange, with brown eye
eld and two wide longitudinal bands of long brown recum-
bent scales. Clypeus orange. Sternum light yellow. Labium
and endites orange, with white apexes. Chelicerae brown.
Abdomen: dorsum light yellow, with two wide longitudinal
stripes of long brown recumbent scales; sides light yellow;
venter light yellow, with two longitudinal brownish stripes.
Book-lung covers white. Spinnerets light yellow. All legs
light yellow, but Fm dorsally with one/two longitudinal
brown stripes. Palps yellow, with brownish bulbus. Palpal
structure as in Figs. 23, 24: tibia short, 2.7 times shorted
than cymbium; retrolateral tibial apophysis thick and
straight, concave ventrally at its tip (seen in the lateral
view), as long as palpal tibia; bulbus elongated, 1.5 times
longer than wide, with its proximal end extended and bent
mediad; embolus originates at about 7 o’clock, thick at its
base, becoming stiletto-like along its main body.
Description of female:Carapace3.05long,2.00wide,
1.20 high at PLE; ocular area 1.32 long, 1.78 wide anteri-
orly and 1.78 wide posteriorly. Diameter of AME 0.55.
Abdomen 4.00 long, 2.45 wide. Cheliceral length 1.08.
Clypeal height 0.13. Length of leg segments: I 1.55 + 0.95
+ 1.05 + 0.75 + 0.65 (4.95); II 1.55 + 0.90 + 0.95 + 0.75 +
0.60 (4.75); III 1.60 + 0.90 + 0.95 + 1.05 + 0.65 (5.15); IV
1.85 + 0.80 + 1.25 + 1.45 + 0.70 (5.05). Leg formula: III
,IV,I,II. Leg spination: I: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Tb pr 1-1, v 2-2-2ap;
Mt v 2-2ap. II: Fm d 0-1-1-4; Pt pr 0-1-0; Tb pr 0-1, v 1-2-
2ap; Mt v 2-2ap. III: Fm d 0-1-2-4; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb pr
and rt 1-1-1, v 1-2ap; Mt d 1-0-0, pr and rt 1-2ap, v 2-2ap.
IV: Fm d 0-1-1-3; Pt pr and rt 0-1-0; Tb pr and rt 1-1-1, v 1-
2ap; Mt pr and rt 1-1-2ap, v 2-2ap. Colour in alcohol as in
the male but paler, venter without longitudinal brown stripes
and all Fm yellow, without brown rings; Tb, Mt and Tr of
the rst two pairs of legs dark orange. Epigyne and vulva as
in Figs. 25, 26: epigynal plate poorly sclerotized; copulatory
openings narrow, slit-like, situated in the centre of the epig-
ynal plate and separated from each other by eight widths of
a slit; shallow epigynal pocket present, situated at the prox-
imal edge of epigynal plate; insemination ducts poorly
marked and completely fused with receptacles forming
bean-shaped sclerotized structures; fertilisation ducts prom-
inent, situated at proximal-median ends.
Discussion
Based on earlier and present ndings, the salticid fauna
of Afghanistan includes 64 valid species in 30 genera
(Prószyński 1982; Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005; Azarkina
2006, 2019; Metzner 2021; present data), although some of
the earlier records are in need of conrmation by reference
to the pertinent material (see Logunov & Zamanpoore 2005
for further details). The present count is slightly smaller
than that provided by Metzner (2021), who listed 61 species
as occurring in Afghanistan, plus six species added in the
present paper: thus, 67 species in total.
However, Metzner’s list included two incorrect records
with unknown provenance: Leptorchestes mutilloides
(Lucas, 1846), a species that is restricted to the western
Mediterranean and southern Europe (from Algeria and
Spain to Greece) (Wesołowska & Szeremeta 2001; Metzner
1999), and Corythalia sellata Simon, 1901a that is
restricted to Central America (Bayer, Höfer & Metzner
2020). Besides, the record of the far eastern species Phin-
tella abnormis (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) is based in a
mistake related to the record of Icius abnormis Denis, 1958.
The last species was described from Afghanistan by Denis
(1958) and then recorded by Roewer (1962). Based on the
original illustration (g. 40 in Denis 1958), Logunov &
Zamanpoore (2005) suspected that this species name is
likely to be a junior synonym of Rudakius cinctus (O.
Pickard-Cambridge, 1885), but a formal synonymy was not
proposed. Earlier, Logunov & Marusik (2000: 164) consid-
ered Roewer’s record of Icius abnormis from Afghanistan in
the account of P. ab n o r mi s ,assumingthatthisrecordmay
have belonged to Phintella castriesiana (Grube, 1861); the
last statement was unjustied because Roewer (1962)
clearly referred to Denis’s species, which has nothing to do
with the genus Phintella Strand, 1906. As a result, the
record of I. abnormis from Afghanistan appeared in Met-
zner’s online catalogue (2021) twice, once under the name
of I. abnormis and again under P. ab n o r mi s ; indeed, these
are two references to the same species.
The current state of knowledge of the Afghani Salticidae
is hardly satisfactory. The known species number of 64
D. V. Logunov 827
species is equal to or smaller than those of such smaller
Caucasian and Central Asian countries as Azerbaijan (88
species), Uzbekistan (64 species), Tajikistan (64), and Kyr-
gyzstan (87) (Mikhailov 2016). The salticid fauna of larger
Central Asian countries is even more diverse than the
presently known Afghani fauna: 99 species in Turkmenistan
(Logunov & Ponomarev 2020), 156 in Kazakhstan
(Mikhailov 2016), and 109 in Iran (Zamani et al. 2020;
Logunov 2021). The particularly striking disparity of the
Afghani salticid fauna is the absence of any representatives
of such genera as Yllenus (s. lat.)Simon,1868andProszyn-
skiana Logunov, 1996; both are represented and diverse in
the neighbouring Iran, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. Yet,
only two species of Aelurillus Simon, 1884 have been found
in Afghanistan compared, for instance, to six in Iran (Azark-
ina & Zamani 2019). A conservative estimate of the real
diversity of Afghani Salticidae should be around at least 120
species.
Acknowledgements
IwishtoexpressmywarmestthankstoMarekŻabka
(Siedlce, Poland) for allowing me to study the salticid mate-
rials collected by AmbrosAichhorn from Afghanistan, Peter
Schwendinger (MHNG) for giving access to spider collec-
tions in his museum and for some biographic information
about A. Senglet, Galina N.Azarkina (Novosibirsk, Russia)
for help with producing the maps, and to two anonymous
referees for constructive commenting on the manuscript.
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