Polyphenolics from mango ( Mangifera Indica L.) suppress breast cancer ductal carcinoma in situ proliferation in both in vitro and in vivo models for cancer

Abstract

Around 25% of all newly diagnosed breast cancer cases are ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), the most common non‐invasive form of breast cancer and given the side‐effects of conventional therapy there is a great need for alternative treatment strategies. Polyphenolics, a secondary plant metabolite, have been implicated in reducing cancer risk and tumor‐growth, and have fewer side effects than conventional synthetic molecules. In this study, mango polyphenols and the major microbial metabolite pyrogallol were tested both in vitro and in vivo to determine their modulating effects on the P13K/AKT/mTOR axis in MCF10DCIS.COM cells. Following in vitro exposure, these cells showed decrease proliferation and downregulation of mRNA, total protein, and phosphorylated protein along the P13K/AKT/mTOR axis. Pyrogallol had the greatest effect on phosphorylated protein compared to controls. In vivo, the oral exposure to polyphenols in a nude mouse model xenografted with MCF10DCIS.COM cells into the mammary pads resulted in decreased tumor volume. Results suggest that a diet rich in mango could prevent cancer proliferation in situ .