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International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 181 – No. 38, January 2019
7
Smart and Secure Appliance System
Sara Raad Qasim
M.Sc. Computer and Control Engineering
Al-Farabi University, Iraq
ABSTRACT
Security is very important factor nowadays. Every person in
the world wants his home, industry or bank to be secured.
Home security is becoming very necessary now days as the
intrusion possibilities are increasing. In this paper, smart
system appliance has been designed that has a special feature
which always makes a contact with the owner of the house
each time that his/her house has been hacked or risky.
Arduino card was used, which is considered as the main
microcontroller. This paper aims to develop a prototype of a
smart security system using RFID system (Radio frequency
identification) to lock home doors, thus achieving a simple
home security system. A GSM board (Global System for
Mobile) also is used for more security and reliability. When
the person allowed to enter the house then the house's devices
will operate automatically thus the proposed model provide
secure and smart house application.
RFID system continuously transmits its data to Arduino Uno
board which act as microcontroller unit. If the person has the
right card, then he will be able to enter the house whereas the
person with the wrong card will be denied. A message will be
send to the owner about the stranger person.
If the owner lost its card then he/she will be able to open/close
the house by sending messages to the GSM system.
Keywords
RFID, GSM, Arduino Uno.
1. INTRODUCTION
In day to day life, home security is very important issue in
these days. Security is very important concern everywhere
and for everyone. Every person wants his home to be secured.
This paper describes a security system project that can keep
an industry & home safe. This is a useful and simple security
system. Here, the proposed model uses Arduino as its main
controller to detect the presence of the unauthorized persons
and immediately the system alert is given to alarm others.
This system operates using owner's mobile phone with the
help of GSM technology. The GSM system is connected with
the cellular phone through sending an SMS message only
when the microcontroller commands it to do so. The
microcontroller receives its information and data from the
RFID system.
2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Figure 1 shows the block diagram of home security prototype.
The proposed model contains two units. The microcontroller
unit consists of Arduino Uno and the RFID system. The
information from the RFID continuously processed by the
microcontroller and a command is given to the owner's mobile
phone via GSM if someone tries to access the door's house
illegally.
Figure 1 Block diagram of the proposed model
2.1 Hardware used
a) Arduino Uno
b) RFID
c) Servo Motor
d) Relays
e) LEDs
f) Fan
g) Buzzer
h) GSM SIM900
Arduino Uno
Arduino is open source prototyping platform based on flexible
easy to use hardware and software. Uno is one of the most
popular types of Arduino and most commonly used based on
the ATmega328 type (evidence form for this controlling),
plate Arduino Uno (“Uno” means one in Italian and is named
to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0) containing 14
digital port (input / output) (6 can be used as outlets control
symmetrically accidental pulse - PWM outputs. Uno panel
also provides 6 analog inputs. In addition a USB port that can
be supplied it with the power supply and another port to
provide the Arduino Uno with a separate external card (such
as the 9-volt batteries)[3][4].
Figure 2 Arduino UNO
RFID
RFID (Radio frequency identification) is the most common
types of automatic identification systems that based on using
smart cards to contact with the reader to communicate, such
as phone cards and bank cards (see Figure 3). The
communication without contact with the reader provides high
flexibility in many applications, where the chips produce
digital signals transmitted by short and long radio waves and
the scanner or satellite find these signals and determine the
location and point of issuance [13].
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 181 – No. 38, January 2019
8
Figure 3 RFID System
Servomotor
A servomotor is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows
for precise control of angular or linear position, velocity and
acceleration. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a
sensor for position feedback. It also requires a relatively
sophisticated controller.
Servomotors are not a specific class of motor although the
term servomotor is often used to refer to a motor suitable for
use in a closed-loop control system. It is equipped with an
electronic circuit to control the direction and position of the
column of the mater and is also equipped with a set of gears
(shown in Figure 4) [14].
Figure 4 Servo Motor
Relay
It is a device with a width not exceeding 20 millimeters. Its
function is to control a high-voltage electric circuit by sending
a constant current with low voltages up to 5 or 12 volts
(depending on the type of reel). For example, when the
control circuit (low voltage) gives a continuous electric
current, the electrical circuit connected to the high-voltage
relay becomes connected. Consequently, the Relay enabled
device is operational[9].
Figure 5 Relay
LEDs
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor
light source. It is a p–n junction diode that emits light when
activated. When a suitable current is applied to the leads,
electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the
device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is
called electroluminescence, and the color of the light
(corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by
the energy band gap of the semiconductor [12].
Figure 6 LEDs
Fan
A fan is a powered machine used to create flow within a fluid,
typically a gas such as air. A fan consists of a rotating
arrangement of vanes or blades which act on the air. The
rotating assembly of blades and hub is known as a rotor, or a
runner. Usually, it is contained within some form of housing.
It produces air flows with high volume and low pressure.
Most fans are powered by electric motors [11].
Figure 7 5 volt Fan
Buzzer
A device that converts electrical energy to audible sound,
which is used for voice notification in cars and microwaves,
operates on a typical stage on a 6-12 volt voltage and a
constant current of about 25 mA[8].
Figure 8 Buzzer
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 181 – No. 38, January 2019
9
GSM SIM900A
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is a
standard developed by the European Telecommunications
Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for
second-generation digital cellular networks used by mobile
devices such as tablets[6].
The SIM900A is a complete Dual-band GSM/GPRS module
in an SMT (Surface-mount technology) type. Is small and
cost-effective, which features an RS232 interface, allows
connection to PC as well as a microcontroller with RS232
Chip(MAX232), Input Voltage of 12V DC, with a
configurable baud rate ranging from 9600-115200 through AT
commands. SIM900A is low power consumption for
GSM/GPRS with 900 to 1800MHz[7].
Figure 9 GSM SIM900A
The GSM shield is particularly useful as it allows to:
Connect to the Internet over GPRS network
Send and receive SMS
Place and receive phones calls
These capabilities make it perfect for interacts with Arduino
in this project.
2.2 Working Circuit and Software Design
The system is in deactivated mode initially. It is activated by
two cases:
When a visitor try to access the house by putting its card near
the RFID reader (which is settled on the house door) then if
the visitor has the correct card then the door will be opened
normally and the house will be lighten and a fan will be
operated automatically. Whereas if the person has the
incorrect card then he is a stranger so the buzzer alert and red
LED will be on, and the Arduino will be alarmed through the
RFID system. Arduino will immediately send a particular
command to GSM system which will react by sending an
SMS to the house owner.
1. If the owner lost its card or need to allow a known
person to enter the house without a card then this
can be done when the owner sends a message to the
GSM which will command the Arduino to achieve
this goal.
Software requirement (Arduino
Environment)
Arduino 1.6.1 environment is the open source software (IDE)
makes it easy to write codes and upload it on the
microcontroller board. It runs on various platforms like
windows, mac OS and Linux. The environment is written in
Java and based on other open source software. Arduino
programs are written in C / C++.
The overall flow diagram of the proposed model is shown in
Figure 10, where it is assumed that the user already set up the
hardware and software for the system activation and the
mobile address for GSM communications.
Figure 10 Flowchart of the proposed smart system
The program and its details are as follow:
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <Servo.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>;
SoftwareSerial SIM900(7, 8);
#define SS_PIN 10
#define RST_PIN 9
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // Create
MFRC522 instance.
const int l1 = 1; // The red led pin
const int relay2 = 2; // The led pin
const int relay3 = 3; // The fan pin
int servopin=0; // servo
int buzz=4;
Servo servo;
int angle=120;
char incoming_char=0;
int s = 0;
void setup()
servo.attach(servopin);
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 181 – No. 38, January 2019
10
Serial.begin(9600); // Initiate a serial communication
SPI.begin(); // Initiate SPI bus
mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Initiate MFRC522
SIM900.begin(9600);
delay(5000);
Serial.println("OK");
Serial.println();
servo.write(angle);
pinMode(l1, OUTPUT); // enable red led pin for output
pinMode(relay2, OUTPUT); // enable led pin for output
pinMode(relay3, OUTPUT); // enable the fan pin for output
pinMode(buzz, OUTPUT); // enable the pin for output}
void set(){
SIM900.println("ATD 33XXXXXXXX;"); //Celular
delay(100);
SIM900.println();
delay(10000); // wait for 10 seconds...
SIM900.println("ATH");
delay(1000);}
void send_sms(){
SIM900.print("AT+CMGF=1\r"); // AT command to send
SMS message
delay(100);
SIM900.println("AT+CMGS=\"+xxowner numberxx\"");
delay(100);
SIM900.println("Warning : invalid card"); // message to send
delay(100);
SIM900.println((char)26); // End AT command with a ^Z,
ASCII code 26
delay(100);
SIM900.println();
delay(5000);
Serial.println("Warning : invalid card");
Serial.println("SMS sent successfully");}
void read_msg(){
s = 1;
while(s==1){
if(SIM900.available()>0){
incoming_char=SIM900.read(); //Get the character from the
cellular serial port.
Serial.print(incoming_char); //Print the incoming character to
the terminal.
s = 0;}}}
void mode_rec_msg(){
SIM900.print("AT+CMGF=1\r"); // set SMS mode to text
delay(100);
SIM900.print("AT+CNMI=2,2,0,0,0\r");
// blurt out contents of new SMS upon receipt to the GSM
shield's serial out
delay(1000);}
void loop() {
// Look for new cards
if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {
return;}
// Select one of the cards
if ( ! mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {return;}
/Show UID on serial monitor
Serial.print("UID tag :");
String content= "";
byte letter;
for (byte i = 0; i < mfrc522.uid.size; i++) {
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0" : " ");
Serial.print(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX);
content.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i] < 0x10 ? " 0": "
"));
content.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX)); }
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Message : "); content.toUpperCase();
if (content.substring(1) == "78 B3 52 10") //give access the
correct card
if(angle==120) // the authorized user entering the house so
door closed and devices off
{ digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH); // Turn on fan and led
digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(buzz, LOW); // alarm system off
digitalWrite(l1, LOW); servo.write(0); // open the door
Serial.println(); delay(3000);
angle=0; } else if (angle==0) // the authorized user leaving
the house so door closed and devices off {
digitalWrite(relay3, LOW); // Turn off fan and led
digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);
digitalWrite(buzz, LOW); // alarm system off
digitalWrite(l1, LOW);
servo.write(120); // close the door
Serial.println();
delay(3000);
angle=120; } }
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 181 – No. 38, January 2019
11
else if (content.substring(1) == "95 57 CE 65") //do not give
access the incorrect card set(); send_sms(); // send SMS to
the house owner
digitalWrite(relay3, LOW); // Do not turn fan and led on
digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);
digitalWrite(buzz, HIGH); // alarm system on
digitalWrite(l1, HIGH);
delay(3000); set();
mode_rec_msg();
for(;;){
if(SIM900.available()>0)
incoming_char=SIM900.read(); //Get the character from the
cellular serial port.
Serial.print(incoming_char); //Print the incoming character to
the terminal.}
if(Serial.available()>0){
if(Serial.read() == 'A') break;
if(Serial.read() == 'open') {
digitalWrite(relay3, HIGH); // Turn on fan and led
digitalWrite(relay2, HIGH);
digitalWrite(buzz, LOW); // alarm system off
digitalWrite(l1, LOW);
servo.write(0); // open the door
Serial.println();
delay(3000);}
if(Serial.read() == 'close') {
digitalWrite(relay3, LOW); // Turn off fan and led
digitalWrite(relay2, LOW);
digitalWrite(buzz, LOW); // alarm system off
digitalWrite(l1, LOW);
servo.write(120); // close the door
Serial.println();
delay(3000);}}
Serial.println("OK-2");
delay(100);
SIM900.println();
delay(30000);
while(1)
The complete connection is shown in Figure 11. Figure 12
shows the Relays connections. Relay 2 is connected with the
LED which represents the house light whereas the Relay 3 is
connected with the fan.
Figure 11 The complete connection of the proposed model
Figure 12 Relay 2 and 3 connection
3. FUTURE SCOPE
For more security purpose camera module can also be
implemented on the system. If any person attempt to enter in
home with more than three time wrong card then at that time
camera module will be activated and capture the image of
person who trying to attack on system. Also a more sensors
like a magnetic sensor can be used to prevent any person from
breaks the window and enter the house.
4. CONCLUSION
In this paper, a novel architecture for flexible and smart home
security and application using Arduino microcontroller is
proposed and implemented.
The important of home security measures are built using
easily available programmable components such as RFID and
GSM systems; by implementing this type of system we can
secure entry point of our home and banks in very easy way.
5. REFERENCES
[1] R. Sharma, C. P. katara, V. Shankar “Proceedings of
IEEE TechSym 2014 Satellite Conference VIT
University, Paper on Advanced Low-Cost Security
system using sensors Arduino and GSM
communication module.”
[2] Q. Qu, Z. Guohao, W. Baohua, “Design of Home
Safeguard System Based on GSM Technique.”
Electronic Engineer, bol. 32, no. II pp. 76-78, Nov.
2006
[3] Arduino Uno datasheet available online at
https://components101.com/microcontrollers/arduin
o-uno
[4] https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1682209
[5] https://www.sparkfun.com/products/13975
[6] GSM datasheet available online at
https://randomnerdtutorials.com/sim900-gsm-gprs-
shield-arduino
[7] Simcom GSM modem
website,http://www.simcom.eu/index.php?m=letolte
s
International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 181 – No. 38, January 2019
12
[8] Buzzer datasheet available online at
https://components101.com/buzzer-pinout-working-
datasheet
[9] Relay datasheet available online at
https://randomnerdtutorials.com/guide-for-relay-
module-with-arduino
[10] A. A. Zandamela, "An Approach to Smart Home
Security System Using Arduino." Electrical
Engineering: An International Journal (EEIJ), Vol.
4, No. 2/3, September 2017.
[11] Fan datasheet available online at
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_(machine)
[12] LED datasheet available online at
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode
[13] RFID datasheet available online at
http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/technology-
article.asp
[14] Servomotor datasheet available online at
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servomotor
[15] M.L.Sharma, S.Kumar , N.Mehta, "Smart Home
System Using IOT." International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol. 04,
Issue 11, Nov -2017.
6. AUTHOR
Sara R. Qasim was born on 9 September 1985 in Baghdad,
Iraq. She received the B.E Degree in Computer Engineering
from College of Computer Engineering in Baghdad
University, Iraq in 2007. She received the M.Sc. in Computer
and Control Engineering from Baghdad University, College of
Electrical Engineering in 2014. She is now working as an
assistant lecturer in Al-farabi University, Iraq.
IJCATM : www.ijcaonline.org