Content uploaded by Shuai Peng
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Shuai Peng on May 17, 2021
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Impatiens bullatisepala (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China
Abstract and Figures
Impatiens bullatisepala (Balsaminaceae), a new species supported by morphological and phylogenetic evidence from Fanjing Mountain, Guizhou province in China, is described here. It is morphologically similar to I. davidii but can be distinguished by its dorsally ridged lateral sepals with sunk reticulate veins and bullate projections on abaxial surface, 2–2.5 cm deep saccate lower sepal with ca. 0.8 cm long narrowly triangular tip at the mouth, and broadly ovate dorsal petal. Phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset of nuclear ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer DNA sequences furtherly confirmed its novelty.
Figures - uploaded by Shuai Peng
Author content
All figure content in this area was uploaded by Shuai Peng
Content may be subject to copyright.
... The Flora of China lists 227 species, of which 187 are endemic [14]. According to Du et al. [15], a total of 69 new taxa of Impatiens have been described in China between 2000 and 2019, and 13 new taxa [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and three new records [28][29][30] have been published in the last two years, bringing the total species reported for China to nearly 290. ...
... Specimens were collected, preserved, and deposited in the Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIB) for further identification. We then dissected the flower and carefully reviewed related literature [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]36,37] and herbaria specimens in a bid to ascertain the identity of the collected species. However, we were unable to match the new plants with any described species based on morphology. ...
Impatiens longiaristata (Balsaminaceae), a new species from western Sichuan Province in China, is described and illustrated here based on morphological and molecular data. It is similar to I. longiloba and I. siculifer, but differs in its lower sepal with a long arista at the apex of the mouth, spur curved downward or circinate, and lower petal that is oblong-elliptic and two times longer than the upper petal. Molecular analysis confirmed its placement in sect. Racemosae. Simultaneously, during the inspection of the protologues and type specimens of allied species, it was found that the types of two names from this section were syntypes based on Article 9.6 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code). According to Articles 8.1, 9.3, and Recommendations 9A.1, 9A.2, and 9A.3, the lectotypes of these two names are here designated.
... Due to their beautiful appearance and long flowering period, many species of Impatiens are grown all over the world as ornamental plants [7]. Many new species of Impatiens have been discovered and described in recent years [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. There are more than 280 species of Impatiens distributed in China [5,16,17]. ...
... The results of our phylogenetic reconstruction show that the longifilamenta group in Impatiens is a phylogenetically and morphologically cohesive group (Figure 7). As is currently known, this group consists of 25 species growing as annual herbs, characterized by 1-3 flowered racemose inflorescence, and basal lobes of lateral united petals having an apex with a filamentous appendage [5,13,14,[19][20][21][22]. The morphological characteristics of lateral sepals, lower sepals, and lateral united petals have a taxonomic significance within these species, crucial for their identification. ...
Impatiens longshanensis (The LSID for the name Impatiens longshanensis is: 77219154-1) sp. nov. and I. lihengiana (The LSID for the name I. lihengiana is: 77219153-1) sp. nov., from Hunan, China, are described and illustrated here. The molecular phylogenetic study suggests that I. longshanensis and I. lihengiana should be placed in the I. sect. Impatiens. A detailed description, diagnostic characters between the two new species and allied species, pollen and seed morphology, and color photographs are provided. In addition, based on wide sampling, we found that the longifilamenta group, an endemic group to China, whose members have basal lobes of lateral united petals with long filamentous hairs, shows significant morphological variability. In this paper, we discuss the taxonomic significance of morphological characteristics within this group. Based on a literature review and observation of living materials in the field, an updated identification key for this group is also proposed.
... In April 2022, we revisited Longli County for a further field investigation to record the morphological characters of the species. After a thorough morphological study, detailed literature review (Hooker 1908a, 1908b, Xiong 1990, 1996, Chen et al. 2007, Yu 2012, Luo & Deng 2015, Kuang 2015, Liang et al. 2020, Peng et al. 2021 and specimen examination, we conclude that this species is Impatiens sigmoidea (Hooker 1908a: 267), which was described more than one hundred years ago, but has never been collected again since then. ...
Impatiens sigmoidea was described in 1908 by the eminent British plant taxonomist J. D. Hooker based on specimens collected by the French missionaries E. M. Bodinier et al. from Guizhou, China. However, there has been no other records since then. After years of concern, we rediscovered I. sigmoidea in one of its type localities, Gao-po Town, in 2018. A revised description, colour photographs and a provisional IUCN Red List assessment of this species are provided, along with discussions of its geographical distribution, ecology and morphological comparison with I. lasiophyton. The lectotype of I. sigmoidea is also designated here. The rediscovery provides an essential basis for enriching the botanical resources of the genus Impatiens.
... More than 160 species have been reported from Yunnan (Wu 2006;Li et al. 2013;Song et al. 2021bSong et al. , 2021cYuan et al. 2022;Qian et al. 2020). Recently, new species of Impatiens are being reported from China continually (Xia et al. 2019;Zou et al. 2020;Wang et al. 2020;Liao et al. 2021;Peng et al. 2021aPeng et al. , 2021bRen et al. 2022;Yuan et al. 2022;Wang et al. 2022). ...
Impatiens longyangensis and I. yaojiapingensis, two new species from Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan, China, are described here. The former species is morphologically similar to I. shangjiangensis, but differs by its shorter petioles and peduncle, ovate bract, shortly saccate lower sepal with a longer spur and suborbicular dorsal petal. The latter is similar to I. sterilis, and differs by its pubescent leaf, petiole with one to three pairs of clavate glands, persistent bract, lower sepal with a straight spur and suborbicular dorsal petal. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL sequences shows that the two new species belong to I. sect. Racemosae.
... In September 2020 and August 2021, we revisited Xiaojiucaiping Mountain for a further field investigation to record morphological characters of the species. After careful examination of the relevant specimens and literature (Xiong and Luo 1989;Chen 2001;Chen et al. 2007;Yu 2012;Kuang et al. 2014;Kuang 2015;Luo and Deng 2015;Peng et al. 2021a), the authors decided that the species was hitherto undescribed and close to I. xanthocephala W.W. Sm. Hence, it is described here as a new species with a detailed description and illustrations. ...
Impatiens liupanshuiensis (Balsamianceae), belonging to I. subgen. Impatiens, is recognised as a new species from Guizhou, China and it is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to I. xanthocephala W.W. Sm. in its yellow flowers, extremely small basal lobes on lateral united petals, broadly-dolabriform distal lobes and funnelform lower sepal. However, it is distinctive in the number of lateral sepals, teeth on the margin of lateral sepals, the recurvature of the dorsal petal, the number of lateral veins, the shape and size of the lamina and the type of lamina margin. A detailed description of the new species and colour photographs are provided. Its geographical distribution and morphology are also compared to similar species.
... In recent years, a few new species have also been found in the northern temperate regions of Europe, Russia and China, as well as North America (Liao et al. 2021). Currently, there are more than 349 species of Impatiens in China (Yuan et al., in press) which are distributed mainly in the southwest and northwest mountainous regions, especially in southwest Provinces (including Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan) (Chen 2001;Chen et al. 2007;Cai et al. 2015;Kuang 2015;Tan et al. 2015;Ding et al. 2016Ding et al. , 2017Xia et al. 2019;Gu et al. 2021;Liao et al. 2021;Peng et al. 2021b;Song et al. 2021a, b, c) and 61 species of Impatiens have been reported in Guizhou Province (Xiong and Yang 2009;Cong 2010;Kuang et al. 2014;Luo and Deng 2015;Peng et al. 2021a;Yu et al. 2021;Yuan et al. in press). ...
Impatiens bijieensis X.X. Bai & L.Y. Ren, sp. nov. from northwest Guizhou Province, China, is described and illustrated. This new species is distributed discontinuously in Jiulongshan, Dafang County and Dajiucaiping, Hezhang County, both of which are in the Wumeng Mountain area, a karst plateau landform. The new species is morphologically similar to I. pterosepala Hook.f., I. lasiophyton Hook.f. and I. leptocaulon Hook.f. in height and flower shape and it especially resembles I. lasiophyton in pilosity. However, it differs in its deep purplish-red flower, 2-lobed lower sepal apex and cylindrical capsule. A detailed description, colour photographs and a provisional IUCN Red List assessment are provided along with discussions of its geographical distribution, ecology and morphological relationships with other similar species.
This paper describes and illustrates the morphological traits of Impatiens zhaojueensis Q. Luo (Balsaminaceae), a new species from the Sichuan Province of southwestern China. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the micromorphological characteristics of its pollen grains and seeds are also described. The new species is closely related to Impatiens baishaensis, but it has larger flowers, obround dorsal petals, somewhat clawed lateral united petals, obround or obround‐dolabriform distal lobes and the ornamentation on the pollen grains has wider meshes.
Impatiens sikaiensis Q. Luo & Y. Yuan, a new species of the genus Impatiens from Zhaojue County, Sichuan, China, is described in detail with its morphological characteristics, photographs and physical drawings. The species resembles Impatiens uniflora morphologically but can be distinguished from the latter by its yellow flowers; ovate bracts with long‐cuspidate apex, 5–9 mm long; lateral sepals 6–12 mm long; dorsal petals with a narrowly cristate swelling at abaxial mid‐vein, and a rough tip at the apex. The micro‐morphological features and surface patterning of the pollen grains and seeds of the new species were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This revealed that the pollen grains of the new species typically have 5 angles and 5 germ furrows, which has not before been reported in the species of Impatiens commonly found in China.
Impatiens piufanensis var. villosa, a new variety of Balsaminaceae from Hubei and Hunan, China, is described and illustrated here. Morphologically, it can be distinguished from the nominate variety by its stem, leaves, lateral sepals, lower sepal and the midvein of upper petal covered by dense white villus and puberulent peduncles and pedicels. The phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequence also supports its treatment as a new variety of I. piufanensis.
Impatiens bijieensis X.X. Bai & L.Y. Ren, a new species from Northwest Guizhou, China, is here described and illustrated. This new species is distributed discontiguously in Jiulongshan of Dafang County and Dajiucaiping of Hezhang County, both of which belong to Wumeng mountains area, a karst plateau landform. It is morphologically similar to I. lasiophyton J.D. Hooker and I. leptocaulon J.D. Hooker in height, leaf blade shape and flower form, especially resembles I. lasiophyton in pilose plant. However, it differs in its deep purplish-red to rose-red flower, 2-lobed lower sepal apex and cylindrical capsule. A detailed description, color photographs, and a provisional IUCN red list assessment are provided, and its geographical distribution, ecology, and morphological relationship with relevant similar species are discussed.
From 2000 to 2019, 11,895 new names or new additions to the Chinese vascular flora were proposed by 4226 individuals (4086 articles and 140 books), as documented in the Chinese Plant Names Index (CPNI). During those 20 years, 4407 new taxa of vascular plants were described from China, including 7 new families, 132 new genera, 3543 new species, 68 new subspecies, 497 new varieties and 160 new forms. Additionally, 3562 new combinations and names at new rank and 306 new replacement names were also proposed. Among these various new names were 150 invalid names and 108 illegitimate names, including some that have not been resolved. Six hundred and forty three vascular plants were reported as new to China, while 2349 names were reduced to synonyms of 1406 taxa. The data show that the Chinese flora increased in size at the rate of about 200 taxa annually during those years. Despite the increased attention given to biodiversity in recent years, the evidence indicates that a large number of species in China have yet to be discovered. Further basic investigation of the Chinese flora is needed. Additionally, in the past two decades only 8.5% of the newly published species have been based on molecular evidence, but in the past five years such data have increased significantly, reaching about 20%. Molecular data will undoubtedly become increasingly significant in the discovery of new species in the coming years. Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Xizang and Taiwan were important sources of new discoveries, with more than 3300 new taxa and records from these five provinces. By area, Taiwan and Hainan, two islands in southern China, have the highest density of newly discovered species. Regional plant surveys are still needed, especially in areas in the southwest and on the southern islands.
We present the latest version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software, which contains many sophisticated
methods and tools for phylogenomics and phylomedicine. In this major upgrade, MEGA has been optimized for use on 64-bit computing
systems for analyzing bigger datasets. Researchers can now explore and analyze tens of thousands of sequences in MEGA. The
new version also provides an advanced wizard for building timetrees and includes a new functionality to automatically predict
gene duplication events in gene family trees. The 64-bit MEGA is made available in two interfaces: graphical and command line.
The graphical user interface (GUI) is a native Microsoft Windows application that can also be used on Mac OSX. The command
line MEGA is available as native applications for Windows, Linux, and Mac OSX. They are intended for use in high-throughput
and scripted analysis. Both versions are available from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.
We describe Impatiens wawuensis B. Ding & S. X. Yu, a new species from Mt. Wawu, Sichuan Province, China. The new species is superficially similar to I. oxyanthera in having an inflorescence consisting of two pink flowers with a reddish vein. Differences include smaller leaves and flowers, lower sepals with shorter and slightly incurved spur, lower petal of lateral united petals with an elongate linear auricle inserted into the spur, and a fusiform capsule that is sparsely verrucous. We also present for the new species its seed micromorphology and palynological features under Scanning Electron Microscopy.
Impatiens guiqingensis S. X. Yu (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Gansu Province, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is superficially similar to I. dicentra in having 1-2 flowered racemose inflorescences, lateral sepals with dentate margin, top of lower and upper petals of lateral united petals with bristle appendages, but differs from the latter by yellow flower, lower sepal without spur and dorsal petal with unapparent crest. Moreover, the occurrence of the new species is also different from the related one.
A new species of the genus Impatiens is described from Hubei province, China. Although it shares some features with I. dicentra, such as single-flowered peduncles and a filamentous bristle terminating the upper of the lateral united petals, it possesses distinct traits such as shorter plant height, rhombic to sub-rhombic leaves, lateral sepals entire, and lower sepals navicular without a spur. We believe that this is a new addition to the speciose Impatiens genus, and propose the name Impatiens shennongensis Q. Wang & H.P. Deng. We also describe the new species in this paper in terms of SEM-based seed and pollen micromorphology.
The species-rich genus Impatiens is mainly distributed throughout much of tropical Africa, India, southwest Asia, southern China and Japan. There are more than 270 species recorded in China, most of which are restricted to the southwest. An unknown species of Impatiens was collected from Yunnan, southwest China.
Impatiens pandurata Y. H. Tan & S. X. Yu, a new species of Balsaminaceae from Jinping County and Malipo County, Yunnan, China is similar to I. apalophylla and I. clavigera in having racemose inflorescences, 4 lateral sepals, hammer-shaped capsules and ellipsoid seeds, but differs in having leaves with oblanceolate blades aggregated at the top of the stem, 3–5-flowered racemes, a yellow lower sepal without reddish patches, yellowish flowers, and a dorsal petal with stalks at the base. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of sequences from both nuclear ribosomal and plastid genes confirm that this new species is distinct from morphologically similar species previously recorded.
With the support of careful morphological studies and phylogenetic analysis, I. pandurata is a species new to science.
Impatiens L. is one of the largest angiosperm genera, containing over 1000 species, and is notorious for its taxonomic difficulty. Here, we present, to our knowledge, the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus to date based on a total evidence approach. Forty-six morphological characters, mainly obtained from our own investigations, are combined with sequence data from three genetic regions, including nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid atpB-rbcL and trnL-F. We include 150 Impatiens species representing all clades recovered by previous phylogenetic analyses as well as three outgroups. Maximum-parsimony and Bayesian inference methods were used to infer phylogenetic relationships. Our analyses concur with previous studies, but in most cases provide stronger support. Impatiens splits into two major clades. For the first time, we report that species with three-colpate pollen and four carpels form a monophyletic group (clade I). Within clade II, seven well-supported subclades are recognized. Within this phylogenetic framework, character evolution is reconstructed, and diagnostic morphological characters for different clades and subclades are identified and discussed. Based on both morphological and molecular evidence, a new classification outline is presented, in which Impatiens is divided into two subgenera, subgen. Clavicarpa and subgen. Impatiens; the latter is further subdivided into seven sections.
Impatiens baishaensis B. Ding & H. P. Deng is a new species from Wawu Shan and Dafengding, Sichuan Province, China. The new species is superficially similar to I. oxyanthera in having 2-flowered racemose inflorescences and pink flowers with reddish veins, but differs from the latter by having smaller flowers, abaxial midveins of lateral sepals and dorsal petals puberulent, dorsal petal spotted with purple-red, and lower sepals navicular. Seed micromorphology and palynological features observed with scanning electron microscopy are also presented.
Impatiens baokangensis Q.L. Gan & X.W. Li, sp. nova (Balsaminaceae) is described from Baokang County, Hubei, China. It is similar to I. compta, but differs from it by distinct cristae on the abaxial surface of the dorsal petal (versus long rostrum at apex of dorsal petal), lower sepal that is concave at base (versus lower sepal protruding at base), and lower petal of lateral united petals being clawed (versus not clawed). Impatiens baokangensis is also somewhat similar to I. nasuta, and the distinguishing features include an abaxial midvein on dorsal petals with semi-circular cristae in I. baokangensis versus an arcuate, long rostrum in I. nasuta, wider upper petal of lateral united petals in I. nasuta, and longer capsules in I. baokangensis. Over 10 000 scattered individuals of I. baokangensis were found in a roadside ditch and at forest margins at the type locality.
Impatiens xanthinoides (Balsaminaceae) sp. nov. from Yunnan Province, China is described and illustrated. This species is similar to I. xanthina and I. fugongensis in plant height, golden-yellow flowers, lateral sepals 2, stamen 5 with obtuse apex, and 5-carpellate ovary. However, it differs with that two species in the lower sepal obconic with red striae, dorsal petal glabrous, the lateral united petals stipitate with fan-shaped, apex acute lower lobes, and fusiform capsule. The detailed morphological characters, diagnostic comparisons, habitat and micromorphology of seeds and pollen grains under scanning electron microscope (SEM) are presented. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, I. xanthinoides is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR B1a; B1b(ii)) because of its limited distribution rang and decline of mature individuals.