Four new species of the genus Ectatosticta (Araneae, Hypochilidae) from China

Abstract

Four new species of the spider genus Ectatosticta Simon, 1892 are reported, diagnosed, described and illustrated. The new species are E. bajie sp. nov. (♂♀), E. dapeng sp. nov. (♂♀), E. rulai sp. nov. (♂♀) and E. yukuni sp. nov. (♂♀).

Full text

蛛形学报
, May 2021,
30
(1): 1-8 ISSN 1005-9628
doi: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1005 - 9628. 2021. 01. 001
Four new species of the genus Ectatosticta
(Araneae, Hypochilidae) from China
LIN Ye-Jie & LI Shu-Qiang
*
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
Abstract:
Four new species of the spider genus
Ectatosticta
Simon, 1892 are reported, diagnosed, described and
illustrated. The new species are
E. bajie sp. nov.
(
♂ ♀
),
E. dapeng sp. nov
. (
♂ ♀
),
E. rulai sp. nov
. (
♂ ♀
) and
E. yukuni sp. nov
. (
♂ ♀
).
Keywords:
diagnosis, etymology, taxonomy, type, webs.
Introduction
Hypochilidae Marx, 1888 is a small family that includes two genera:
Hypochilus
Marx, 1888 and
Ectatosticta
Simon, 1892.
Hypochilus
is endemic to the USA and includes ten species, whereas
Ectatosticta
is endemic to China and includes four species:
E. davidi
(Simon, 1889) from Shaanxi,
E.
deltshevi
Platnick & J
a
咬
ger, 2009 from Qinghai,
E. wukong
Lin & Li, 2020 from Sichuan and
E. xuanzang
Lin & Li, 2020 from Tibet (WSC 2021, Li 2020).
In this paper, four new species of the genus
Ectatosticta
are described:
E. bajie sp. nov.
(
♂ ♀
) from
Sichuan,
E. dapeng sp. nov.
(
♂ ♀
) from Tibet,
E. rulai sp. nov
. (
♂ ♀
) from Sichuan and
E. yukuni sp.
nov.
(
♂ ♀
) from Shaanxi.
Material and methods
All specimens were preserved in 75% ethanol. Female genitalia were cleared in a trypsin enzyme solution
to dissolve non-chitinous tissue. Specimens were examined under a LEICA M205C stereomicroscope.
Photomicroscope images were taken with an Olympus C7070 zoom digital camera (7.1 megapixels). Photos
were stacked with Helicon Focus 6.7.1 (Khmelik
et al
. 2006) and processed in Adobe Photoshop CC 2018.
All measurements are in millimeters. Eye sizes are measured as the maximum diameter from either the
dorsal or frontal view. Leg measurements are given as follows: total length (femur, patella+tibia, metatarsus,
tarsus). Distribution maps were generated using ArcMap software 10.2 (ESRI 2002).
The material studied in the paper is housed in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
(IZCAS) in Beijing, China.
Abbreviations:
ALE
anterior lateral eyes,
AME
anterior median eyes,
C
Conductor,
E
embolus,
IS
inner
spermathecae,
OS
outer spermathecae,
PLE
posterior lateral eyes,
PME
posterior median eyes.
Taxonomy
Family Hypochilidae Marx, 1888
Genus Ectatosticta Simon, 1892
Type species. Hypochilus davidi
Simon, 1889 from China.
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: lisq@ioz.ac.cn
Received: 2021-03-15

Diagnosis. Ectatosticta
can be easily distinguished from
Hypochilus
by the rectangular labium which
is almost as long as wide and bears a pair of triangular posterolateral flanges, by numerous leg spines, and in
the lateral view of the male palp, the cymbium to bulb length ratio is almost 3:1 but nearly 1:1 in
Hypochilus
.
Figure 3. Ectatosticta rulai sp. nov
. holotype male
left palp. A, prolateral view. B, ventral view.
C, retrolateral view.
Figure 4. Ectatosticta yukuni sp. nov
. holotype male
left palp. A, prolateral view. B, ventral view.
C, retrolateral view.
Figure 1. Ectatosticta bajie sp. nov.
holotype male
left palp. A, prolateral view. B, ventral view.
C, retrolateral view.
Figure 2. Ectatosticta dapeng sp. nov.
holotype male
left palp. A, prolateral view. B, ventral view.
C, retrolateral view.
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Figure 5. Ectatosticta
spp.
Dorsal view of female genitalia A,
E. bajie sp. nov
., paratype. B,
E. dapeng sp. nov
., paratype.
Figure 6. Ectatosticta
spp.
Dorsal view offemale genitalia A,
E. rulai sp. nov
., paratype. B,
E. yukuni. sp. nov
., paratype.
LIN Ye-Jie
et al
.: Four new species of the genus
Ectatosticta
(Araneae, Hypochilidae) from ChinaMay, 2021 3

Figure 7.
Photos of live spiders of
Ectatosticta
spp. nov.
A,
E. bajie sp. nov
., male holotype. B, Same, female paratype. C, D,
E. dapeng sp. nov
., female holotype (spider marked
with an arrow). E,
E. rulai sp. nov
., male holotype. F, Same, female paratype. G, H,
E. yukuni. sp. nov
., female paratypes.
Ectatosticta bajie sp. nov
. (Figs 1A-C, 5A, 7A, B, 8)
Type material. Holotype
.
♂
(IZCAS-Ar42445), China, Sichuan Province, Ganzi Zang Autonomous
Prefecture, Luding County, Hailuo Valley, beside the No. 3 Camping area, 29.5740
毅
N, 101.9994
毅
E, elevation
ca. 2933 m, 13.VI.2019, Ziyi Wang & Yejie Lin Leg.
Paratypes.
2
♀
(IZCAS-Ar42446-Ar42447), same data
as holotype.
Etymology.
The species is named after Bajie, a character in the classic Chinese novel
Journey to the
West,
noun.
Diagnosis.
Males of
E. bajie sp. nov
. are similar to
E. deltshevi
in having a semicircular lobe and the
same number of thickened seta (3-4) retrolaterally on the cymbium. However, this new species can be
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distinguished by the length ratio of the embolus to the embolus base, which is almost 1:1, and the thickened
setae are closely appressed to each other (Fig. 1C) (
vs
. the length ratio of the embolus to the embolus base is 3:
2 and the dorsal-most thickened setae are smaller and well-separated from one another in
E. deltshevi
). In
females of
E. bajie sp. nov.
(Fig. 5A), the length ratio of the outer spermathecae to the inner spermathecae is
1:2 (
vs.
2:3 ratio in
E. deltshevi
).
Description. Male:
Total length 7.69, carapace 3.72 long, 2.61 wide, opisthosoma 4.40 long, 3.24 wide.
Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.24, PME 0.23, PLE 0.22, AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.19,
PME-PME 0.29, PME-PLE 0.15, AME-PME 0.04, ALE-PLE 0.04. Clypeus height 0.27. Chelicerae with 8
promarginal and 6 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: leg I: 42.19 (10.87 + 12.99 + 10.86 + 7.47), leg II:
35.95 (9.54 + 11.19 + 9.25 + 5.97), leg III: 26.44 (7.70 + 8.43 + 6.64 + 3.67), leg IV: 34.48 (9.93 + 10.37 + 9.09
+ 5.09). Leg formula: 1243.
Male palp (Figs 1A-C) simple, cymbium long, retrolaterally with an apophysis divided into two parts: a
small, semicircular lobe with a seta and a large lobe with three strong setae packed closely together. Embolus
thin, length ratio of embolus to embolus base 1:1. Conductor sickle-shaped.
Female.
Total length 10.77, carapace 4.70 long, 3.28 wide, opisthosoma 6.79 long, 4.87 wide. Eye sizes
and interdistances: AME 0.23, ALE 0.37, PME 0.36, PLE 0.33; AME-AME 0.28, AME-ALE 0.37, PME-PME
0.52, PME-PLE 0.23, AME-PME 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.07. Clypeus height 0.45. Chelicerae with 7 promarginal
and 6 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: Leg I: 40.41 (11.78 + 13.93 + 9.54 + 5.16), leg II: 36.02 (10.42
+ 12.26 + 8.60 + 4.74), leg III: 27.05 (8.26 + 9.04 + 6.39 + 3.36), leg IV: 33.15 (10.07 + 10.41 + 8.33 + 4.34).
Leg formula: 1243.
Female genitalia (Fig. 5A) simple, two pairs of spermathecae, inner spermathecae strongly curved, outer
spermathecae slightly curved.
Distribution.
Known only from the type locality.
Ectatosticta dapeng sp. nov.
(Figs 2A-C, 5B, 7C, D, 8)
Type material. Holotype.
♂
(IZCAS-Ar42448), China, Tibet Autonomous Region, Nyingchi, Gongbo'
gyamda County, Jiare, Jiarelongba, 30.0075
毅
N, 93.7818
毅
E, elevation ca. 3460 m, 18.X.2019, Yejie Lin Leg.
Paratype.
1
♀
(IZCAS-Ar42449), same data as holotype.
Etymology.
The species is named after Dapeng, a character in the great classic Chinese novel
Journey
to the West
, noun.
Figure 8.
Distribution records of new
Ectatosticta
species from China.
1.
E. bajie sp. nov
. 2.
E. dapeng sp. nov
. 3.
E. rulai sp. nov
. 4.
E. yukuni sp. nov
.
LIN Ye-Jie
et al
.: Four new species of the genus
Ectatosticta
(Araneae, Hypochilidae) from ChinaMay, 2021 5

Diagnosis.
Males of
E. dapeng sp. nov
. are similar to
E. deltshevi
in having the same number of
thickened setae (4) retrolaterally on the cymbium. However, this new species can be distinguished by the length
ratio of the embolus to the embolus base, which is almost 1:1, and the thickened setae are closely appressed
(Fig. 2C) (
vs
. presence of a semicircular lobe on the cymbium, the length ratio of the embolus to the embolus
base is 3:2 and the dorsal-most thickened setae are smaller and well-separated from the others in
E.
deltshevi
). Females of
E. dapeng sp. nov.
(Fig. 5B) can be distinguished by the expanded terminus of the
outer spermathecae which is tennis racket shaped.
Description. Male:
Total length 9.36, carapace 4.55 long, 3.16 wide, opisthosoma 5.15 long, 2.72 wide.
Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.23, PME 0.23, PLE 0.24, AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.23,
PME-PME 0.33, PME-PLE 0.16, AME-PME 0.04, ALE-PLE 0.05. Clypeus height 0.29. Chelicerae with eight
promarginal and seven retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: leg I: 52.69 (13.78 + 16.35 + 14.36 + 8.20), leg
II: 46.59 (12.42 + 11.22 + 9.29 + 4.36), leg III: 34.87 (10.00 + 11.22 + 9.29 + 4.36), leg IV: 43.01 (12.37 + 13.08
+ 11.86 + 5.70). Leg formula: 1243.
Male palp (Figs 2A-C) simple, cymbium long, retrolaterally with an apophysis. Apophysis with setae
rather than a semicircular, small lobe and a large lobe with four strong setae packed closely together. Embolus
thin, length ratio of embolus to embolus base is nearly 1:1. Conductor sickle shaped.
Female.
Total length 15.34, carapace 6.59 long, 4.86 wide, opisthosoma 8.93 long, 6.51 wide. Eye sizes
and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.37, PME 0.32, PLE 0.35, AME-AME 0.16, AME-ALE 0.49, PME-PME
0.43, PME-PLE 0.12, AME-PME 0.17, ALE-PLE 0.21. Clypeus height 0.60. Chelicerae with nine promarginal
and five retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: Leg I: 53.67 (15.13 + 18.72 + 13.41 + 6.41), leg II: 47.18 (13.27
+ 16.09 + 12.24 + 5.58), leg III: 36.35 (11.15 + 11.99 + 9.29 + 3.92), leg IV: 42.88 (12.11 + 13.59 + 10.64 +
6.54). Leg formula: 1243.
Female genitalia (Fig. 5B) simple, with two pairs of spermathecae. Outer spermathecae well-developed,
tennis racket shaped. Inner spermathecae straight, almost half the length of outer spermathecae.
Distribution.
Known only from the type locality.
Ectatosticta rulai sp. nov
. (Figs 3A-C, 6A, 7E, F, 8)
Type material. Holotype
.
♂
(IZCAS-Ar42450), China, Sichuan Province, Aba Qiang Autonomous
Prefecture, Jiuzhaigou County, Jiuzhaigou Scenic Spot, Shuzheng Valley, 33.1958
毅
N, 103.8968
毅
E, elevation
ca. 2206 m, 07.VII.2019, Yejie Lin & Ziyi Wang Leg.
Paratypes.
3
♀
(IZCAS-Ar42451-Ar42453), same data
as holotype.
Etymology.
The species is named after Rulai, a character in the classic Chinese novel
Journey to the
West
, noun.
Diagnosis.
Males of
E. rulai sp. nov.
are similar to
E. wukong
in having the same length ratio of the
embolus to the embolus base (3:1). However, this new species can be distinguished by the number of thickened
setae retrolaterally on the cymbium (3) (Fig. 3C) (
vs.
two in
E. wukong
). Females of
E. rulai sp. nov.
(Fig.
6A) can be distinguished by the presence of the small inner spermathecae.
Description. Male:
Total length 9.19, carapace 5.38 long, 3.24 wide, opisthosoma 4.21 long, 3.10 wide.
Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.23, PME 0.20, PLE 0.21, AME-AME 0.13, AME-ALE 0.18,
PME-PME 0.33, PME-PLE 0.07, AME-PME 0.07, ALE-PLE 0.02. Clypeus height 0.22. Chelicerae with 8
promarginal and 7 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: leg I: 39.67 (11.30 + 12.78 + 9.22 + 6.37), leg II:
31.08 (9.03 + 10.31 + 7.64 + 4.10), leg III: 23.97 (7.14 + 8.34 + 5.33 + 3.16), leg IV: 32.21 (9.44 + 10.10 + 8.33
+ 4.34). Leg formula: 1423.
Male palp (Figs 3A-C) simple, cymbium long, retrolaterally with an apophysis divided into two parts: a
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small, semicircular lobe with a seta and a large lobe with two strong setae packed closely together and one seta
separated from the others. Embolus thin, length ratio of embolus to embolus base 3:1. Conductor sickle-
shaped.
Female.
Total length 14.07, carapace 5.64 long, 3.48 wide, opisthosoma 6.28 long, 8.46 wide. Eye sizes
and interdistances: AME 0.19, ALE 0.28, PME 0.31, PLE 0.33, AME-AME 0.24, AME-ALE 0.29, PME-PME
0.55, PME-PLE 0.30, AME-PME 0.08, ALE-PLE 0.09. Clypeus height 0.44. Chelicerae with 8 promarginal
and 6 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: Leg I: 43.18 (12.92 + 15.13 + 9.91 + 5.22), leg II: 42.65 (12.88 +
14.93 + 9.64 + 5.20), leg III: 35.93 (10.92 + 11.53 + 8.94 + 4.54), leg IV: 35.93 (10.92 + 11.53 + 8.94 + 4.54).
Leg formula: 1243.
Female genitalia (Fig. 6A) simple, two pairs of spermathecae, outer spermathecae strongly curved, inner
spermathecae small. The length ratio of the outer spermathecae to the inner spermathecae is 7:1.
Distribution.
Known only from the type locality.
Ectatosticta yukuni sp. nov.
(Figs 4A-C, 6B, 7G, H, 8)
Type material. Holotype.
♂
(IZCAS-Ar42454), China, Shaanxi Province, Hanzhong City, Lueyang
County, Wulongdong Scenic Spot, Xuantian Cave, 34.2670
毅
N, 106.5493
毅
E, elevation ca. 2021 m, 7.V.2020,
Kun Yu Leg.
Paratypes
. 3
♀
(IZCAS-Ar42455-Ar42457), same data as holotype, but 19.VII.2020, Yejie Lin
& Ziyi Wang Leg.
Etymology.
The species is named after the collector Mr. Kun Yu and is a noun (name) in genitive case.
Diagnosis.
Males of
E. yukuni sp. nov
. are similar to
E. davidi
in having the same number of
thickened setae (4) retrolaterally on the cymbium. However, this new species can be distinguished by the length
ratio of the embolus to the embolus base, which is almost 2:1 (Fig. 4C) (
vs
. 1:1 in
E. davidi
). Females of
E.
yukuni sp. nov
. (Fig. 6B) can be distinguished by the straight inner spermathecae and the length ratio of the
outer spermathecae to the inner spermathecae, which is 2:1 (
vs
. inner spermathecae curved, the length ratio is
1:1 in
E. davidi
).
Description. Male:
Total length 10.32, carapace 4.75 long, 3.16 wide, opisthosoma 5.32 long, 4.08 wide.
Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.24, PME 0.25, PLE 0.26, AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.21,
PME-PME 0.27, PME-PLE 0.13, AME-PME 0.05, ALE-PLE 0.13. Clypeus height 0.32. Chelicerae with 7
promarginal and 6 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: leg I: 44.49 (11.73 + 13.85 + 11.09 + 7.82), leg II:
37.43 (10.38 + 11.15 + 10.00 + 5.90), leg III: 28.75 (8.65 + 8.96 + 7.24 + 3.90), leg IV: 37.66 (10.19 + 10.70 +
9.62 + 7.15). Leg formula: 1423.
Male palp (Figs 4 A-C) simple, cymbium long, retrolaterally with an apophysis. Apophysis has two parts:
small, semicircular lobe and a large lobe with 4 strong setae packed closely together. Embolus thin, the length
ratio of embolus to embolus base is 2:1. Conductor sickle shaped.
Female.
Total length 17.24, carapace 7.63 long, 5.26 wide, opisthosoma 9.74 long, 6.41 wide. Eye sizes
and interdistances: AME 0.21, ALE 0.38, PME 0.34, PLE 0.38, AME-AME 0.33, AME-ALE 0.56, PME-PME
0.59, PME-PLE 0.16, AME-PME 0.18, ALE-PLE 0.20. Clypeus height 0.71. Chelicerae with 8 promarginal
and 5 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: Leg I: 46.85 (13.78 + 16.60 + 10.77 + 5.70), leg II: 40.85 (11.99
+ 14.36 + 9.55 + 4.95), leg III: 31.72 (9.35 + 11.03 + 7.82 + 3.52), legIV: 39.41 (11.35 + 13.40 + 10.06 + 4.60).
Leg formula: 1243.
Female genitalia(Fig. 6B) simple, with two pairs of spermathecae. Outer spermathecae curved, inner
spermathecae straight, half the length of outer spermathecae.
Distribution.
Known only from the type locality.
LIN Ye-Jie
et al
.: Four new species of the genus
Ectatosticta
(Araneae, Hypochilidae) from ChinaMay, 2021 7

Acknowledgements
We thank Kun Yu (Hebei, China) and Ziyi Wang (Beijing, China) who helped with field work. Sarah
Crews checked English.
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Araneomorphae).
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,
185
: 1-116.
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Zoological Systematics
,
45
(2): 1-5.
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Ectatosticta
(Araneae, Hypochilidae) from China, with descriptions of
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954
: 17-29. doi:10.3897/zookeys.954.52254
Platnick NI & J
a
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ger P. 2009. A new species of the basal araneomorph spider genus
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(Araneae, Hypochilidae) from
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August 2020. doi: 10.24436/2.
中国延斑蛛属 4新种 (蜘蛛目:古筛蛛科)
林业杰 李枢强
*
中国科学院动物研究所
,
北京
100101
摘 要:本文报道了中国延斑蛛属
(
Ectatosticta
Simon, 1892) 4
新种
:
八戒延斑蛛
,
新种 E. bajie sp.
nov.
(
♂ ♀
);
大鹏延斑蛛
,
新种 E. dapeng sp. nov.
(
♂ ♀
);
如来延斑蛛
,
新种 E. rulai sp. nov.
(
♂ ♀
);
余
锟延斑蛛
,
新种 E. yukuni sp. nov.
(
♂ ♀
)
。提供了这
4
种延斑蛛的描述、照片以及详细的鉴别特征。
关键词:鉴别特征
,
词源学
,
分类
,
模式标本
,
蛛网。
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