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Den nye barnehagelærarutdanninga - bakgrunn, iverksetjing og reformutfordringar

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... Trekk ved profesjonen og profe sjonsutdanning har vaert studert i flere norske forskningsarbeid (Følgegruppe for barnehagelaererutdanning BLU, 2014; Følgegruppe for barnehagelaerarutdan ning BLU, 2015BLU, , 2016BLU, , 2017Birkeland, 2020, Børhaug, 2019, Eide, et al, 2017, Foss mfl. 2019, Høydalsvik 2019, Sataøen & Trippestad, 2015, Sataøen & Fossøy. 2019, Steinnes, 2014, Strand, 2011. ...
... 2019, Steinnes, 2014, Strand, 2011. Felles for alle disse er en kritisk vurdering av kunnskapsgrunnlaget (Birkeland, 2020, Børhaug, 2019, Høydalsvik, 2019, Sataøen & Fossøy, 2019, Strand, 2011, mangler og gjenstridige utfordringer med utdan ningen knyttet til reformer, rekruttering, finansiering, m.m. (Eide, et.al, 2017, Foss, m.fl., 2019, Sataøen & Trippestad, 2015, Steinnes, 2014. ...
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When professionals leave the profession for which they were trained, it is reasonable to assume that society has a challenge. Important theoretical and practical expertise and knowledge leave the sector. Often, escape routes from a profession are also a signal that those who are professionally educated are not satisfied with the working conditions at their workplace - a signal of an identity crisis in the profession. Pre-school or kindergarten teachers in Norway were for a long time a professional group that left their profession - they were nomads of professions. A study from 2015 (Gulbrandsen 2015) showed that kindergarten teachers stopped quitting. The nomad character for Norwegian pre-school teachers became weaker. Guldbrandsen concludes that the change can be explained by a strengthened societal recognition of the professional group's contribution and expertise. The professional identity gained legitimacy in the occupational group's surroundings. This article is based on findings from extensive follow-up research for the reform of Norwegian kindergarten teacher training - the BLU reform from 2014 to 2016. The survey provided extensive data material with answers from students for 3 years over the entire reform period. Our findings indicate that attitudes and values among the students - future professionals - can contribute to the nomadic character of the kindergarten teaching profession remaining low in the future as well. One factor that contributes strongly to explaining variation is the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The students in our selection are strongly internally motivated. The heart beats for the children. No other factor provides a stronger explanatory power than this one.
... Både studentar og tilsette tenkjer faga kvar for seg inne i kvart kunnskapsområde (Finne et al., 2017;Hoydalsvik, 2017). Fleire har trekt fram at utfordringar med å nå ambisjonane som låg i reformeringa av utdanninga, kan skuldast faktorar som knappheit med tid og dårleg finansiering (Hoydalsvik, 2017;Sataøen & Trippestad, 2015). ...
... Styringsdokumenta viser at studiet skal vere praksisnaert og relevant, men det er altså likevel ikkje slik at studentane i materialet her tykkjer at det alltid treff like godt. Tidlegare forsking på BLU har peika på ressursknappheit i utdanninga (sjå til dømes: Hoydalsvik, 2017;Sataøen & Trippestad, 2015). Det kunne vore interessant å sjå på i kva grad ressursar har noko å seie for i kva grad BLU når sine mål nedfelt i rammeplanen, men det er det ikkje grunnlag for å seie noko om her. ...
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The background for this article is the reform of Norwegian kindergarten teacher education in 2012. The focus of the policy process was to create a modernized education of high professional quality. This article investigates how Norwegian student teachers perceive and interpret quality. The students’ voices form the data material via 14 qualitative interviews. Students from five different campuses participated, which was a strategic selection to represent the diversity of higher education institutions in Norway. The students were also at different educational stages, from second year to fully graduated. The material has been subjected to analysis using a five-category framework on quality in higher education: Quality as the exceptional, Quality as perfection, Quality as fitness for purpose, Quality as value for money, and Quality as transformation. The results show that students’ understanding of quality primarily falls within three categories: Quality as perfection, Quality as fitness for purpose, and Quality as transformation. Essential factors for quality, according to the students, are structure, motivation, and relevance.
... Trekk ved profesjonen og profesjonsutdanning har vaert studert i flere norske forskningsarbeid (Følgegruppe for barnehagelaererutdanning BLU, 2014; Følgegruppe for barnehagelaerarutdanning BLU, 2015BLU, , 2016BLU, , 2017Birkeland, 2020, Børhaug, 2019, Eide, et al, 2017, Foss mfl. 2019, Høydalsvik 2019, Sataøen & Trippestad, 2015, Sataøen & Fossøy. 2019, Steinnes, 2014, Strand, 2011. ...
... 2019, Steinnes, 2014, Strand, 2011. Felles for alle disse er en kritisk vurdering av kunnskapsgrunnlaget (Birkeland, 2020, Børhaug, 2019, Høydalsvik, 2019, Sataøen & Fossøy, 2019, Strand, 2011, mangler og gjenstridige utfordringer med utdanningen knyttet til reformer, rekruttering, finansiering, m.m. (Eide, et.al, 2017, Foss, m.fl., 2019, Sataøen & Trippestad, 2015, Steinnes, 2014 ...
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Den skabelsesproces, der skal til for at opbygge en professionsidentitet hos ergoterapeutstuderende, er kontekstafhængig, og den påvirkes især af den måde, professionen og ergo-terapeutuddannelserne udformes lokalt. International forskning kan derfor ikke altid overføres til en dansk uddannelseskontekst. Gennem et narrativt studie undersøges sytten ergoterapeut-studerendes erfaringer med det kliniske undervisningsbidrag til skabelse af professionsidentitet. Empirien viser, at den kliniske undervisning spiller en central rolle i skabelsen af professionsidentitet. Artiklen diskuterer den kliniske under-visnings betydning ift. de studerendes afklaring af, om de kan se sig selv som ergoterapeuter, samt hvordan kobling mellem teori og praksis foregår i samarbejde med de kliniske undervisere.
... In the first report, the main finding was connected to pedagogy as a discipline striving to find its place in the new education (Følgegruppa, 2014, p. 97). To further understand the reform, Sataøen and Trippestad (2015) contributed background information. Later, as part of a supplementary research group, we carried out an additional independent small-scale study to examine experiences with pedagogy in the new kindergarten teacher education (Foss, Fossøy, Fimreite, Alvestad, Jernes, Tungland, Vatne, Nordvik, Økland, Sataøen, & Ødegaard, 2015). ...
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In this paper, the objective is to explore the area of pedagogy in the reform of kindergarten teacher education (KTE), which was implemented in 2013 in Norway. The data material is based on semi-structured interviews with 41 educators from six focus groups, and is analysed with a hermeneutical approach. The main findings is presented in three themes; i) complexity of leadership, ii) professional competition and iii) fragmentation of a subject. The principal conclusion highlights that pedagogy, as a subject, is weakened, unclear and less defined within interdisciplinary education. Implication for leadership in Higher Education Educations (HEI) indicates in general the need for a clarification of the content of the term “pedagogy” and particularly its role in the reformed KTE in Norway.
... Ut fra analysene av oppgavetekstene i BULL, finner vi at utdanningens praktiske basis fortsatt er sterk, uten at den vitenskapelige baserte kunnskapen, og saerlig den forskningsbaserte kunnskapen, preger eksamensoppgavene. Som Sataøen & Trippestad (2015) har påpekt, kan knapp tid til endring og utvikling føre til at fagfolk bruker det de allerede kan. Siden oppgaveformuleringene ved seks av ni institusjoner ikke er endret siden den tidligere førskolelaererutdanningen, kan dette tyde på knapphet på tid til utvikling av flerfaglig innhold. ...
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Intensjonen med denne artikkelen er å analysere og diskutere hvordan eksamensformer og oppgavetekster i den nye barnehagelærerutdanningen bidrar til en integrert, profesjonsrettet og forskningsbasert utdanning. Eksamensoppgavetekster gitt ved ni norske høgskoler og universiteter, blir analysert ut fra profesjonsteori og teorier om forskningsbasert utdannelse. Analysene viser at oppgavetekstenes form og innhold fra over halvparten av institusjonene som er undersøkt, ikke skiller seg nevneverdig fra tidligere oppgaver. Vi stiller spørsmål ved om disse oppgavetypene og -tekstene oppfyller kravet om at barnehagelærerutdanningen skal være en integrert, profesjonsrettet og forskningsbasert utdanning.The purpose of this article is to analyze and discuss whether exam types and texts in the new Early Childhood Teacher Education contribute to an integrated, professional and research-based education. Examination papers given by nine Norwegian colleges and universities are analyzed within the framework of theory on vocational education and theory on research-based education. The analyzes show that in more than half of the institutions investigated, the content and form of the examination papers do not differ significantly from previous assignments. We question whether these exam types and texts fulfill the demand of the Early Childhood Teacher Education to be both integrated, professionally oriented and based on research-based knowledge.
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This special issue provides some needed insight into the tensions, coherence, and/or progress in early childhood teacher education (ECTE) in the Nordic countries. These topics warrant exploration due to complex, and at times contradictory educational landscapes, which must deal with the question of how to generate comprehensive, coherent, and interdisciplinary education programs. Drawing on studies utilizing different theoretical perspectives on tensions, coherence, and progress in higher education, and with the use of a variety of research methodologies, the Nordic authors in this special issue expand our knowledge on current issues and tendencies in ECTE in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland. In light of the great importance of and real challenges in the field of early childhood education and care, the question of how to educate early childhood education teachers is highly relevant, and requires more research in, and reflection on, how these teachers are educated. This special issue draws specific attention to opportunities and challenges in ECTE, which has so far received limited research attention.
Article
Målet i denne artikkelen er å sjå nærare på korleis rammeplan og nasjonale retningslinjer for barnehagelærarutdanninga (BLU) blir forstått og implementert. Artikkelen baserer seg på materiale frå ei kvalitativ casestudie av implementering av ny BLUved tre utdanningsinstitusjonar.Materialet er analysert ved hjelp av teori ompolicy enactment og isomorfi. Funna i studien syner at variasjonane mellom institusjonane i stor grad kan knytast opp mot institusjonell historikk på den eine sida, men også tilgang på ressursar på den andre sida. Samstundes kan det synes som institusjonane i stor grad deler ein form for felles profesjonskultur som er med å skape likskapar på enkelte område.
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Reform in higher education is on the agenda worldwide, and there is increasing political interest in the content of study programmes. This article looks at the policy process leading to the new national curriculum regulation (NCR) for kindergarten teacher education (KTE) in Norway in 2012. The following questions derived from Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Theory (MST) will be posed to analyze the policy process: Who were the actors present in each of the different streams in the policy process leading to enacting a new NCR for KTE in 2012? What kind of opportunities for influence did the actors have in deciding to structure the KTE in interdisciplinary knowledge areas, and to what extent did these actors play roles as policy entrepreneurs? The data material consists of policy documents, consultation letters, and an online debate forum. The findings show that three policy windows, each representing different opportunities for impact for the participating actors, were opened during the process. Even if the process can be described as transparent and having a high degree of participation, the Ministry effectively structured it by setting rules and conditions. Nevertheless, one actor managed to take on a role as a policy entrepreneur early in the process.
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As typical for professional education, early childhood teacher education (ECTE) aims to integrate knowledge from a wide range of disciplinary fields. With the 2013 reform of the Norwegian ECTE national curriculum the 10 disciplinary subjects have been replaced by 6 integrated “knowledge areas”. Research has documented that this shift in curriculum design has been problematic; the old structure seems to prevail in the new model. While acknowledging the essence of integration in professional knowledge, this article critically discusses the rational for the 2013 reform of the ECTE curriculum. Building on recent research on professionalism and a historical analysis of the Norwegian ECTE education curriculum, the article recommends a fundamental rethinking of the design of integration of subject fields in ECTE.
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