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العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة في مصر كنموذج رائد للمدن الذكية في إفريقيا

Authors:

Abstract

أصبح الاهتمام بالمدن الذكية اتجاهاً عالمياً بارزاً تتبناه مختلف الدول، نظراً لما توفره تلك المدن من بيئة جيدة، ومستوي معيشي أفضل، وتقديم كافة خدماتها للمؤسسات والأفراد بشكل إلكتروني. وقد هدفت الدراسة إلي استعراض تجربة الدولة المصرية في التحول نحو المدن الذكية من خلال إبراز أحد أهم مشروعاتها الذكية "العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة". وقد أبرزت الدراسة أن إنشاء العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة تم وفقاً لمعايير إنشاء المدن الذكية عالمياً، وتمثل العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة نموذجاً رائداً للمدن الذكية في إفريقيا. وقد تم إنشاء تلك العاصمة لتكون مدينة خضراء ومستدامة، وللمشاة، وللسكن والحياة، ومدينة ذكية تقدم كافة خدماتها بشكل إلكتروني، بجانب كونها مدينة عالمية للمال والأعمال.
ﱄوا ﺮﺆﳌا بﺎﺘﻛلؤا ﰊرﺎﻐﳌا ﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﯿﳮﺘﻟا تاﺪﺘﺴﳌ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻄﻨﳌا ﺔ١٢ ﱃٕا١٦ سرﺎﻣ ٢٠٢١ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﺼﻟا. .. ﱃٕا...
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ﺎﻴﻘﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا
The New Capital in Egypt as a Pioneering Model for Smart Cities in Africa
يﺪﻴﻣﺮﻟاﻤﺳمﺎﺴ
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تادﺎﺴﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ،قدﺎﻨﻔﻟاوﺔﺣﺎﻴﺴﻟاﺔﻴﻠ،ﺮﺼﻣ،Bassam.samir@fth.usc.edu.eg
ﺺﳌا
ﺢﺒﺻأ ً ﺎﻴﳌﺎﻋ ً ﺎﺎﺠﺗاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌﺎﺑمﺎﻤﺘ ً ازرﺎﺑﺔﺌﺑﻦﻣنﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺗﻮﺗﺎﳌ ً اﺮﻈﻧ،لوﺪﻟاﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻩﺎﻨﺘﺗ
ﻲوﻜﻟإﻞﺸداﺮﻓوتﺎﺴﺳﺆﻤﻠﻟﺎﺎﻣﺪﺧﺔﻓﺎﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗو،ﻞﻀﻓأﻌﻣيﻮﺘﺴﻣو،ةﺪﻴﺟ .إﺔﺳارﺪﻟاﺖﻓﺪﺪﻗو
ﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﻮﺤﻧلﻮﺤﺘﻟاﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻟوﺪﻟاﺔﺮﺠﺗضاﺮﻌﺘﺳاﺪﺣأزاﺮﺑإلﻢأﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺎﺎﻋوﺮﺸﻣ"ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا
ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد ."، ً ﺎﻴﳌﺎﻋﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاءﺎﺸإﻳﺎﻌﳌ ً ﺎﻘﻓوﻢﺗةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﺸإنأﺔﺳارﺪﻟاتزﺮﺑأﺪو
ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟ ً اﺪﺋار ً ﺎﺟذﻤﻧةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻞﺜﻤﺗو .ﻟﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻚﻠﺗءﺎﺸإﻢﺗﺪﻗوﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣنﻮﻜﺘ
ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣﺎﻮﺐﻧﺎﺠﺑ،ﻲوﻜﻟإﻞﺸﺎﺎﻣﺪﺧﺔﻓﺎمﺪﻘﺗﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو،ةﺎﻴاوﻦﻜﺴﻠﻟو،ةﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟو،ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﻣوءاﺮﻀﺧ
لﺎﻤﻋولﺎﻤﻠﻟﺔﻴﳌﺎﻋ.
ﺔﻴﺣﺎﺘﻔﳌاتﺎﻤﻠﻟا :ﺮﺼﻣ،ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا.
ABSTRACT
Interest in smart cities has become a global trend adopted by various countries, due to the good
environment that these cities provide, a better standard of living, and the provision of all their services to
institutions and individuals electronically. The study aimed to review the Egyptian state’s experience in
transforming towards smart cities by highlighting one of its smart projects, "the New Capital". The study
highlighted that the establishment of the new capital was carried out in accordance with the criteria for
establishing smart cities globally, and the new administrative capital represents a pioneering model for
smart cities in Africa. This capital was created to be a green and sustainable city, for pedestrians, for
housing and life, and a smart city that provides all its services electronically, in addition to being a global
city for money and business.
Keywords: smart cities, the new capital, Egypt.
ﻞﺳﺮﳌاﻒﻟﺆﳌا :يﺪﻴﻣﺮﻟاﻤﺳمﺎﺴ ،ﻞﻴﻤﻳ :Bassam.samir@fth.usc.edu.eg
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
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١ .ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌا
نﺎﺴﻟا داﺪﻋأﺪﻳاﺰﺗ نأ ﺚﻴﺣ ،ﻦﺮﺸﻌﻟاو ﺪﺣاﻮﻟا نﺮﻘﻠﻟ ةﻤﳌا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﳌا ﺪﺣأ يرﺎﻀاو ﻲاﺮﻤﻌﻟا ﻊﻮﺘﻟا ﻞﺜﻤﻳ
ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ﮫﻴﻠﻋ ﺐﺗﺮﺗ ﺔﺮﻀا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌا  ﻢراﺮﻘﺘﺳاو ﻢﺰﻛﺮﻤﺗ ةدﺎزو ،او ﻞﺸﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗ ﺔﻄﺸﻸﻟ راﺮﻘﺘﺳاو
ﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌاﻚﻠﺗﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاوﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟو .ﺔﺮﻀاﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌاﻚﻠﺗﺔﺮﺸﻟاﺔﻄﺸﻸﻟﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌارﺎﺛﻊﺒﺗﺔﻴﻤأتزﺮﺑﺎﻤﻛ .ﻞ
،ﺔﻘﺋﻼﻟاﻞﻤﻌﻟاصﺮﻓو،ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳتﺎﻣﺪاو،ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟاو،ﺔﻟاو،ﻲاﺬﻐﻟاﻦﻣو،نﺎﺴﻟاتﻻﺎﺠﻣﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳاﻋﺮﺛﺆﻳاﺬ
اوﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟادراﻮﳌ .ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻟاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاءﺎﻨوﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟاﻜﻔﺘﻟاﺪﻨﻋرﺒﺘﻋﺎﻌﺿوﺐﺠﻳتﻻﺎﺠﳌاﻩﺬﻞ
ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟافاﺪأﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻋﺎﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗوﺎﻤﻴﻤﺼﺗ)،ﻢﻴﻠﺳ٢٠١٩.(
ﺎﻄﳌا إ ﺔﻠﺋﺎﻟا ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟا تارﻮﻄﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟا ةرﺎﺠﺘﻟاﺮﺮﺤﺗو ،ﺔﳌﻮﻌﻟا طﻐﺿ تدأنﺪﳌا  ﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺒﻟ
ﺎﻄﺸأﻚﻟﺬﻛﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا)،ﺎﺻ٢٠١٨ .(ﻤﺘﺗﻟاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺰﺋﺎرﺪﺣأﺔﻮﻘﻟاﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاﺔﻴﺒﻟاﺪﻌو
اوﻞﺸيﺮﺸﻟاﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟﺎﺑﺎﻣﺎﻤﺘﺎﺑ .ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗتاﻐﺘﻟاوفوﺮﻈﻟاﺔﻓﺎﻊﻣﻒﻴﻜﺘﻟاوﺔﺑﺎﺠﺘﺳنﺪﳌاﻩﺬﻊﻴﻄﺘﺴ
ﻤﺘﺟو ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا نﺪﳌا ﺲﻜﻋ ﻋ ﺔﻴﻋﺎ) ،نﺎﻳﺪﻣ٢٠٢٠ .(،ةﺎﻴا ﺔﻴﻋﻮﻧ نﺴﺤﺗ إ نﺪﳌا ﻚﻠﺗ فﺪ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟو ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗ ﺐﻧاﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻣدﺎﻘﻟا لﺎﻴﺟ قﻮﻘﺣ نﺎﻤﺿو ،تﺎﻣﺪاو تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ةءﺎﻔﻛ نﺴﺤﺗو
ﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟاو)،ﻴﻟا٢٠٢٠.(
ﻞﺜﻤﺗ"ﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا "ﺪﻌﻟاﺎاﺴﻔﺗﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﺤﻧأﻊﻴﻤﺟيﺮﻀاحﻼﺻتﺎﺮﺣرﻮﻄﺗﺔﻴﺴﺋرﺔﻠﻘﻧةﺪﻳ )Masik et al., 2021.(ﻚﻟﺬﻛﺎﻘﻮﺴﻢﺘو،ﻦﺮﺸﻌﻟاويدﺎانﺮﻘﻠﻟﺔﻴﻣﺎﻨﺘﳌاﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟاﺮاﻮﻈﻟاﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺪﻌ
 ﺔﻴﻟﺎاﺮﻀﺤﺘﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟ لﻮﻠﺤﻛ)Prasad & Alizadeh, 2020 .(ا نﺪﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﻌﻟا كﺎﻨو ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟ ﻢﻟﻮﻜﺘﺳا
و ﺎﺎﺘﻴﻣو ،ناﻮﻳﺘﺑ ﻳﺎﺗو ،اﺪﻨﻜﺑﻮرﺎﺘوأو ،ﺔﻴﻮﻨا ﺎرﻮ نﻮﻴﺳو ،ﺎﻴﻟاﺳا  ﺪﻳﻻﺪﻳأو ،ﺪﻮﺴﻟﺎﺑ ،نﺎﺑﺎﻴﻟﺎﺑ اوﺎﺴﺟﻮﻓ
ﺎﺴﻤﻨﻟاﺎﻨﻴﻓو،ﺔﻴﻜﺮﻣتﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟﺎﺑكرﻮﻮﻴﻧو،اﺪﻨﻠﺘﻜﺳﺎﺑﻮﻼﺟو .ﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟانﺪﳌاﻦﻣو تارﺎﻣﻲدوﻇﻮﺑأ
ﻟا،ةﺪﺤﺘﳌاﺔﻴﺮﻌ ﺔﻳدﻮﻌﺴﻟا ﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻜﻠﻤﳌا ضﺎﻟاو ةﺪﺟو ،نﺎﻨﺒﻟ  توو . اﺬ ﻢﻣﻸﻟ ﺚﻳﺪﺣﺮﺮ ﻘﺗ ﻒﺸﻛ ﺪﻗو
نأةﺪﺤﺘﳌا٧٠مﺎﻋلﻮﻠﺤﺑﺔﻀاﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌا نﻮﻨﻄﻘﻴﺳﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟانﺎﺳﻦﻣ ﺔﺌﳌﺎﺑ٢٠٥٠ )،تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺌﻴﻟا
٢٠٢٠.(
ءﺪﺒﻟﺎﺑﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺮﺼﻋﺮﺼﻣﺖﻠﺧدﺪﻗوﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗوءﺎﺸإ١٣ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻋﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗﻳﺎﻌﻤﺑﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ .سأرﻋﻲﺄﻳ
عﻮﻨﻟااﺬءﺎﺸإءاﺧﻊﻣنوﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑﺎؤﺎﻨﺑﻢﺘﻳﻟا،ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﺎﺎﺸﻹﺮﺼﻣﺴﻟاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا
ﻗر خﺎﻨﻤﺑ ﺎﻤﻣﺎﻗإ ﻦﻋ ﻦﻠﻌﳌا ،ةﺪﻳﺪا ناﻮﺳأو ،ةﺪﻳﺪا نﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو ،نﺪﳌا ﻦﻣﻢﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟﺰﻔﺤﻣو ،ﺔﺌﺒﻠﻟ ﻖﻳﺪﺻ 
ﺔﻠﺒﻘﳌاﺲﻤاتاﻮﻨﺴﻟا لﻼﺧﺔﻟاو ةدﺎﻌﺴﻟﺎﺑرﻮﻌﺸﻟازﺰﻌو،عاﺪﺑو .نﺪﳌاﻞﻮﺤﺗإ ﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻟوﺪﻟاﺴﺎﻤﻛ
 ً ﺎﻀﻳأﺔﻴﻛذنﺪﻣإﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟا)،تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺌﻴﻟا٢٠٢٠.(
١.١ .ﺔﺳارﺪﻟاﺔﻠﺸﻣ
ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟالودﻞﻟةروﺮﺿﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺖﺤﺒﺻأتارﻮﻄﺘﻟاﺔﺻﺎﺧو،تﻻﺎﺠﳌاﻊﻴﻤﺟﺔﺛدﺎاتارﻮﻄﺘﻟاﺔﺒﻛاﻮﳌ،
ﺔﻴﺿﺎﳌا ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻘﻟا تاﻮﻨﺴﻟا لﻼﺧ ﻢﻟﺎﻌا ﺎﺪﺷ ﻟا ﺔﻠﺋﺎﻟا ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟا .ﻋ ً ﺎﻴﻏﺎﻃ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﳌا ﻄﺼﻣﺢﺒﺻأ ﺪﻗو
ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟاﺔﺣﺎﺴﻟا .ﺘﻟالﻼﺧﻦﻣتﻻﺎﺠﳌاﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣنﻨﻃاﻮﻤﻠﻟﺎﺎﻣﺪﺧﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗﻋنﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺗﺪﻤﺘﻌﻟاةرﻮﻄﺘﳌاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜ
ﺪاوﺖﻗﻟاﻮﺗ ﻢﺎﺴ .ﺔﻴﻛذﺔﺌﺑﻓﻮﺗﻋنﺪﳌاﻩﺬﺰﻜﺗﺮﺗﺎﻤﻛ عاﺪﺑو ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟةﺰﻔﺤﻣو،ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﻢﺎﺴو
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
2
ﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟاﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳ .ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗءﺪﺒﻟاوﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟﺎﺑﺖﻣﺎﻗو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌﺎﺑمﺎﻤﺘإ ً اﺆﻣﺮﺼﻣﺖﺠﺗاﺪﻗو١٣ﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ
ايﻮﺘﺴﻣ ﻋتﻻﺎﺠﳌاﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣتارﻮﻄﺘﻟاﺔﺒﻛاﻮﳌﺔرﻮﻤ .ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو،ةﺪﻳﺪارادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟانﺪﳌاﻩﺬﻢأﻦﻣو
ةﺪﻳﺪانﻤﻠﻌﻟا ....ا .ﺎﺘﻟالؤﺎﺴﻟاﻋﺔﺑﺎﺟﺔﺳارﺪﻟاﺔﻠﺸﻣﺺﺘﺗ؛ﻚﻟذﻋ ً ءﺎﻨو :ﺔرادﺔﻤﺎﻌﻟاﺪﻌﻞ
نﺪﻤﻠﻟ ً اﺪﺋارو ً ﺎﻴﻘﻴﻘﺣ ً ﺎﺟذﻮﻤﻧﺮﺼﻤﺑةﺪﻳﺪا؟ﺎﻴﻘﻓإوﺮﺼﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا
٢.١ .ﺔﺳارﺪﻟاﺔﻴﻤأ
عﻮﺿﻮﻣﻮو،ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟايﻮﺘﺴﻣﻋﺔﻮﻴاوﺔﻣﺎﻟاتﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﳌاﻦﻣ ﺪﻌعﻮﺿﻮﳌﺎﻟوﺎﻨﺗﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﻤأﻦﻤﻜﺗ
ﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟاوﻮﻤﻨﻟاﺔﺒﻏاﺮﻟالوﺪﻠﻟﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴﳌاحﺎﺠﻨﻟاتﺎﻣﻘﻣيﺪﺣإﺖﺤﺒﺻأﺎﻤﻧإو، ً ﺎﻓﺮﺗﺢﺒﺼﺗﺪﻌﻢﻟﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا
ﺎﻘﺜﻟاوﺎﻤﺘﺟويدﺎﺼﺘﻗ .ﺔﺻﺎاوﺎﻴﻘﻓإةﺪﺋارﺪﻌﻟابرﺎﺠﺘﻟايﺪﺣﻹﺎزاﺮﺑإﺔﺳارﺪﻟاﺔﻴﻤأﻦﻤﻜﺗﻚﻟﺬﻛ
ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاوﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌﺎﺑ.
٣.١ .ﺔﺳارﺪﻟافاﺪأ
ﺎﺎﻧﻮﻣو ،ﺎﺼﺋﺎﺼﺧو ،ﺎﻓاﺪأو ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا ﺔﻴﺎﻣﻋ فﺮﻌﺘﻟا إ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا فﺪ .إﺳارﺪﻟافﺪﺎﻤﻛ
،ﮫﻓاﺪأزاﺮﺑإو،ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاعوﺸﻣضاﺮﻌﺘﺳالﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاإلﻮﺤﺘﻟاﺮﺼﻣﺔﺮﺠﺗضاﺮﻌﺘﺳا
عوﺮﺸﳌاتﺎﻧﻮﻣو،ﺔﻴﻄﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟاﮫﺋدﺎﺒﻣو.
٤.١ .ﺔﺳارﺪﻟاتؤﺎﺴ:
١- ؟ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﻧﻮﻣوﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧوفاﺪأﻢأﺎﻣ
٢- ﻧلﻮﺤﺘﻟاﺮﺼﻣﺖﻧﻞ؟ﺔﻴﻛﻟانﺪﳌاﻮﺤ
٣- ؟ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﺸﻹﺔﻴﻄﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟائدﺎﺒﳌاوفاﺪﺎﻣ
٤- ﺮﺼﳌﻖﻘﺤﺘﺳيﺬﻟاﺪﺋﺎﻌﻟاﻮﺎﻣو؟ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟ ً اﺪﺋار ً ﺎﺟذﻮﻤﻧةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﺪﻌﻞ
؟ﺎﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗﻦﻣءﺎﻧﺪﻌ
٢ . ىﺮﻈﻨﻟارﺎﻃ
١.٢ .ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌامﻮﻔﻣ
ﺪﻌنﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺘﻟﺔﻧﻮﳌاﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟاوتﺎﺎﺠﺗدﺪﻌﺘﻟ ً اﺮﻈﻧ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﻢﻴﺎﻔﻣتد .ﮫﻴﻠﻋﻖﻔﺘﻣمﻮﻔﻣﺪﺟﻮﻳﻻو
 ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﻤﻠﻟ)Maccani et al., 2020 .(مﺎﻋ إ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌامﻔﻣ ﻊﺟﺮو١٩٩٤ﻲوروﺮﻤﺗﺆﳌا ﺪﻘﻋ ﻢﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ،
ﺮﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاعوﺮﺸﻣﻊﺿوﮫﺒﻘﻋأيﺬﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻠﻟمﺎﻋﺔﻴوروﺔﻴﻤﻗ١٩٩٦نﺪﳌاﻦﻣدﺪﻋ .مادﺴﻣاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣﺪﻌو
وأﺔﻳﺪﻨﻟﻮﻟا لﺔﻳﺪﻨﻠﻨﻔﻟاﻲﻨﺴﻠﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣﺎﻠﺗﻢﺛ،ﺎﻓﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاعوﺮﺸﻣﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗﻢﺗﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ)،نﺎﻳﺪﻣ٢٠٢٠ .(
ﺔﺜﻳﺪاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاﻋﺒﻛﻞﺸﺪﻤﺘﻌﻟاﻨﻳﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺗﺎﺄﺑﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻠﻟرﺎﺸ ُ و)ﺤﻣ،ﺪﻤ٢٠١٩ .(ﻒﻌﻦﻜﻤﻳ
و ،ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗتارﻮﻄﺗ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﺑﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺎﺄﺑ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا :ﺔﻤﻟاتﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟاو،ﺔﻴﺑﺎﻟاﺔﺒﺳﻮاو،ءﺎﻴﺷ ﺖﻧﻧإ )Vandercruysse et al., 2020 .(تﺎﻴﻨﻘﺗﻞﺜﻣﻴﻟﺎﻌﻟاتﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟاﺎﻓﻞﻣﺎﺘﺗﺔﻴﻓاﺮﻐﺟﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌانأﺎﻤﻛ
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
3
ﺗوتﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌاتﻻﺎﺼ)ICT (ﺔﻴﺴﺟﻮﻠﻟاو،ﺎﻏوﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاجﺎﺘﻧإو،جﺎﻣﺪﻧوﺔﻴﺎﻓﺮﻟاﺚﻴﺣﻦﻣنﻨﻃاﻮﻤﻠﻟﻊﻓﺎﻨﻣﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ
ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاوﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟاةدﻮاوﺔﻛرﺎﺸﳌاو)Saborido & Alba, 2020.(
فﺎﺿأوMasik et al. )٢٠٢١ (ﺔﻴﻜﺒﺸﻟاﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟاﺔﻴﺒﻟاﻦﻣﺪﻴﻔﺘﺴﻟانﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺗﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌانﺄﺑنﺴﺤﺘﻟ
ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗةءﺎﻔﻜﻟا،ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟانﻜﻤﺗو،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو،ﺔﻀاو .ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ُ نﺪﳌاﻲورودﺎﺤﺗفﺮﻌ
ﻚﻠﺗﺎﺄﺑﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌالﻮﻠﺣلﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﺮﻀاﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌاةﺎﻴانﺴﺤﺘﻟ ً ﺎﻌﻣنﻨﻃاﻮﳌاوﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟاوﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﻊﻤﺠﺗﻟا
و،ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳاﻛأﺔﻠﻣﺎﺘﻣﻞﻀﻓأ ً ﺎﻄﻴﻄﺨﺗوﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗتارﺎﺘﺑاﻚﻟذﻞﻤﺸ،ﺔﻴﻛرﺎﺸﻛأﺔﻴﻨﻣعﺎﺒﺗاو،ﻛأﺔﻗﺎﻃةءﺎﻔﻛو،
ﻞﻀﻓأﻞﻘﻧلﻮﻠﺣو،ﻖﻘﺤﺗﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﺎﺄﺑﺎﻔﺮﻌﻦﻜﻤﻳﻚﻟﺬو،اتﻻﺎﺼﺗوتﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟذماﺪﺨﺘﺳاو
اءادأ ﺑ كﺸﻣ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺗلﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،ﺔﺘﺴﻟا تﻻﺎﺠﳌا ﻩﺬ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ  ً اﺪﻴﺟﺔﺌﺒﻟاو ﻞﻘﻨﻟاو ﺔﻤﻛﻮاو يدﺎﺼﺘﻗ عﺎﻄﻘﻟا ن
ﺔﻴﻟﻼﻘﺘﺳوﻮﻟﺎﺑنﻮﻌﺘﻤﺘﻳنﻨﻃاﻮﻣﻊﻣةﺎﻴاو)،تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺌﻴﻟا٢٠٢٠(.
 يﺮو ﺎﺻ)٢٠١٨ (ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺬﻟا ﻞﻣﺎﺘﻟاو ﻂﺮﻟا ﻋ ﺪﻤﺘﻌ ﻟا ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا ﻚﻠﺗ  ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا نأ
أرو،يﺮﺸﻟالﺎﳌاسأرو،ةرﻮﻄﺘﳌاﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌاتﺎﻣﺪايﻮﺘﺴﻣنﺴﺤو،ﺔﺸﻌﳌايﻮﺘﺴنﺴﺤﺗفﺪﺎﻤﺘﺟلﺎﳌاس
ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳ ةﺎﻴا تﻻﺎﺠﻣ  يﺮﺧ تﺎﺴﺳﺆﳌاو نﻨﻃاﻮﻤﻠﻟ)ﺔﺸﻌﳌاو،ﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟا،ﻞﻘﻨﺘﻟا،ﺔﻤﻛﻮا،دﺎﺼﺘﻗ (لﻼﺧﻦﻣ
ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﺺﺋﺎﺼ ً ﺎﻘﻓوﺒﻛﻞﺸﻞﺆﻣيﺸﺮﺼﻨﻋﻓﻮﺗ.
٢.٢ .ﳌافاﺪأﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪ
ﻋﻛﻟا لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ يﺮﺸﻟارﺎﻤﺜﺳﻻﺎﺑ مﺎﻤﺘو،ﻊﺳاو قﺎﻄﻧ ﻋ ﺎﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ إ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا فﺪ
ﺐﻧﺎﺠﺑ،داﺮﻓ ﻦﻣﺒﻛدﺪﻋﺎﻣ ﺪﻴﻔﺘﺴﺚﻴﺤﺑ ﻊﺳاوقﺎﻄﻧﻋﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟاتﺎﻣﺪاﻊزﻮﺗو ،لﺎﻌﻔﻟاﺐرﺪﺘﻟاوﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا
ﺔﺌﺒﻟاﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣو،ﺼﻟاعﺎﻄﻘﻟاﺮﻮﻄﺗونﺴﺤﺗكﻼﺳاﺪﻴﺷﺮﺗو،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻋةدﻮﺟتاذﻞﻘﻧتﺎﺒﺷﻓﻮﺗو،ﺎﻠﻋظﺎﻔاو
ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺗﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗو،ةدﺪﺠﺘﳌاﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاماﺪﺨﺘﺳاوﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟا)،ﺢﻳﺎﺳ٢٠١٩.(
ةرادإ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،ﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟاو ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗو ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟ ﻊﻓﺎﻨﳌا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ً ﻼﺧﺪﻣ ﺢﺒﺻأ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﳌا ءﺎﺸإ نأ ﺎﻤﻛ
اﻮﳌاوتﺎﻣﺪالﻼﻐﺘﺳاوةءﺎﺿﺪﻴﺷﺮﺗتﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻛ،يﺮﺸﻞﺧﺪﺗنودتﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟاةرادإﻖﺮﻃﻦﻋﻚﻟذو،ﻞﻀﻓأﻞﺸدر
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺜﳌاةراﺮاﺔﺟردﻋ ظﺎﻔﻟ ،ﺎﻄﺒﺿوﺔﻮﻃﺮﻟارﺎﻌﺸﺳاتﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗو،ءﺎﺮﻜﻟاو. نﺪﳌاتﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋوﺔﻄﺸأﻞﻤﺸ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﺧاﻟاراﺪﺻﺈﺑﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳﺎﻤﻴﻓﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗﺔﻤﻈﻧﺄﺑﺔﻴﻣاتﺎاﺔﻨﻤﻗرﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻜﻴﻣو،ﺔﻴﻤﺳﺮﻟاقاروجاﺮﺨﺘﺳاو،ﺺﻴ
رﻮﻤاﻊﻣةﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﺗﻟاتﺎاﻦﻣﺎﻏو،يرﺎﺠﺘﻟاﻞﻟاوﻢﻛﺎﺤﳌا .ةﻮﻄﺧﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺪﻌﻚﻟذﻋ ً ءﺎﻨو
تﺎﻣﺪاةءﺎﻔﻛنﺴﺤﺗﻮﺤﻧ،بﺎﻌﻴﺳﻻﺔﻴﻟﺎادراﻮﳌاﻢﻴﻈﻌو،ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟاﺔﻴﺒﻟاﻮﻄﺗإجﺎﺘﺤﺗﺎﻜﻟو،ةﺎﻴاﺔﻴﻋﻮﻧو
ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟالﻮﻠاﻦﻣﺎﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣا )،تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺌﻴﻟا٢٠٢٠.(
ﺎﺘﻟاﻮﺤﻨﻟاﻋﺎﻤﻴﺴﻘﺗﻦﻜﻤﻳﻟاو ،ﺎﺎﻣﺪﺎادأ ةﺒﻛﻴﻤﻗر تﻮﺤﺗثاﺪﺣإإﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌافﺪﺎﻤﻛ )،٢٠١٩؛Kawyitri & Shekhar, 2020; Myeong et al., 2018:( أ- ﺔرادإفاﺪأ :ﺔﻗﺪﻟاﻞﻤﺸ،نﺗوﺮﻟاﻋءﺎﻀﻘﻟاو،ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟاﺔﻴﻓﺎﻔﺸﻟاو،تﻼﻣﺎﻌﳌاوتﺎﻣﺪاءادأﺔﻋﺮﺴﻟاو
ﺔﻋوﺮﺸﳌاﻏﺾﻌﺒﻟاتﺎﻴﻛﻮﻠﺳﻋءﺎﻀﻘﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻣﻮاتﺎانﻌﺟاﺮﳌاداﺪﻋأﺾﻴﻔﺨﺗو. ب - ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗفاﺪأ :ﻌﳌاﻢﻈﻧو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا تﻻﺎﺼﺗﻞﺋﺎﺳوو،ﻲوﻜﻟﻊﻓﺪﻟاﻞﺋﺎﺳو ﻦﻣةدﺎﻔﺘﺳﻞﻤﺸتﺎ
ﺔﻟوﺪﻟايﻮﺘﺴﻣﻋﺔﻴﻧوﻜﻟﺔﻣﻮاتﺎﺑاﻮﺑﻊﻴﻤﺟﻊﻣﻂﺮﻟاوﻞﻣﺎﺘﻟاﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗو،ﺔﻴﻓاﺮﻐا.
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
4
ج- ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗافاﺪأ :نﺑﻲﺎﺠﻳنوﺎﻌﺘﻠﻟﻊﻣخﺎﻨﻣﻓﻮﺗو،تاداﺮﻳةدﺎزو،ﺔرادتﺎﻓوﺮﺼﳌاﺾﻴﻔﺨﺗﻞﻤﺸ
تﺎﻣﺪاﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗصﺎاعﺎﻄﻘﻟاوﺔﻴﻣﻮاتﺎا. د- ﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟافاﺪأ :ةﻮﺠﻔﻟاﺺﻴﻠﻘﺗو،ﻢﻟﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌاتﺎﻣﺪاﻦﻋﻢﺎﺿرﺔﺟردﺰﺰﻌو،ءﻼﻤﻌﻟاﻊﻣﺔﻘﺜﻟاءﺎﻨﺑﻞﻤﺸ
ﺔﻴﺗاﺬﻟا ﺔﻣﺪا ﻞﻴﺴو ،ءﻼﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻣﻮا تﺎﻣﺪا ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ تاﻮﻨﻗ دﺪﻌو ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟا ﺔﻓﺎﻘﻟاﺰﺰﻌو ،ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟا
ءﻼﻤﻌﻠﻟ.
٣.٢ .ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﻧﻮﻜﻣوﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧ
إﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗﻢﺴﻘﻨﻳﻤنﻋﻮﻧ :وأ،ﺔﻳاﺪﺒﻟا ﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻘﺮﻄﺑﺎﺎﺸإوﺎﻤﻴﻤﺼﺗﺗةﺪﻳﺪﺟﺔﻴﻛذنﺪﻣ
ﺎﻓﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﻧﻮﻣوﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧﺔﻓﺎﻓﻮﺗلﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣإ ً ﺎﻴﺠرﺪﺗﺎﻠﻮﺤﺗﻢﺗوﻞﻌﻔﻟﺎﺑﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗنﺪ .ﻋو
رﻮﻣأﺔﻌرأكﺸﺎﻜﻟ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﻮﻟوأوفاﺪأفﻼﺘﺧاﻦﻣﻢﻏﺮﻟازﺎرﻢو ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳأﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟاﺔﻴﺒﻟاﻋ
ﻲﻟالﺎﳌاسأرو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻠﻟﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌدﺪﺤﳌاﻣﺎﺘﳌايرادرﺎﻃو،ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﻟا)،ةرادﻺﻟﻲﻣﻮﻘﻟاﺪﻌﳌا٢٠٢٠(،
ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗو)،ﻂﺑاﺮﻣ٢٠٢٠ .(ﻳﺎﻤﻴﻓﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﻧﻮﻣوﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧﻞﺜﻤﺘﺗو: أ- ﺔﻣﻮا /ﺔﻤﻛﻮاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا :ﺒﻛﻞﺸﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاماﺪﺨﺘﺳالﻼﺧﻦﻣﻲﻣﻮاﻞﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻴﻟآنﺴﺤﺗإﺸ
ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاتﺎﻣﺪاﻳﺪﻘﺗ)،نوﺮﺧآوﺪﻣﺎﺣ٢٠١٦(ﻮا ﺔﺣﻮﺘﻔﳌا تﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟاماﺪﺨﺘﺳالﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻚﻟذو ،
ﻤﻈﻨﳌا تﺎﻌﺮﺸﻟاو ،ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا تﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟاو ،راﺮﻘﻟا يﺬﺨﺘﳌ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌاﻓﻮﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻧوﻜﻟﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا نﻧاﻮﻘﻟ ﺔ )،ﻴﻤا٢٠٢٠.( ب - ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﺌﺒﻟا :،ﺔﺌﺒﻟاﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣو،ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗدراﻮﻤﻠﻟﺔﻟﺎﻌﻔﻟاةرادو ،ثﻠﺜﻟاثوﺪﺣﺐﻨﺠﺘﺗﻟا ﺔﺌﺒﻟاﻚﻠﺗ
ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاماﺪﺨﺘﺳا لﻼﺧﻦﻣ ﺎدراﻮﻣﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳاو .ماﺪﺨﺘﺳاﺾﻴﻔﺨﺗ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا ﺔﺌﺒﻟاﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧﻞﺜﻤﺘﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ
ﻲﺎﺒﳌاو ،ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟا ﺋﺎﺴﻟاو ﺔﺒﻠﺼﻟا تﺎﻔﻠﺨﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟا ةرادو ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا ﻖﻓاﺮﳌاو ﻖﺋاﺪاو ،ءاﻀا)،
٢٠١٩.( ج- ﺬﻟا ﻊﻤﺘﺠﳌا :مﺪﺨﺘﺴﻣ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻣ ﻦﻣ لﻮﺤﺘﻟاو ،ةرﻮﻄﺘﳌا ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟا تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا بﺎﻌﻴﺳا ﻋﺰﻜﺗﺮﻳ
،ﺔﻗﻼﺧﺔﻘﺮﻄﺑﮫﻠﺎﺸﻣﻞﺣﻋردﺎﻗو،ﺮﻜﺘﺒﻣوعﺪﺒﻣﻊﻤﺘﺠﻣإﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻠﻟﮫﻠﺒﻘﺘﺴﻣﺮﻮﻄﺗو)Bhushan et al.,
2020 .(،ﺔﻴﻧوﻜﻟتﺎﻗﺎﻄﺒﻟاو ،ﻲوﻜﻟﻟاو ،ﺔﻴﻧوﻜﻟﺔﻣﻮا ﻊﻣﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟاﻋردﺎﻗﻊﻤﺘﺠﻣﮫﻧأيأ
ﻲوﻜﻟﻖﻮﺴﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻧوﻜﻟتﺎﻣﺪاو،ﺔﻴﻧوﻜﻟةرﺎﺠﺘﻟاو)،اﺮﻌﻟاوﺎﻘﻟا٢٠١٨.( د- ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاةﺎﻴا :ﻦﻣﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣﻞﻤﺸ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاﺔﻄﺸﻞﺜﻣ،ةﺎﻴايﻮﺘﺴﻣﻦﻣﻦﺴﺤﺗﻟاﺔﻄﺸ
ﺎﻤﺘﺟﻂﺑاﻟاو،ءﺎﻨﺒﻟاوﻢﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟاﺎﻋيﻮﺴﻤﺑﻲﺎﺒﻣدﻮﺟوو،ﺪﻴﺟﺻمﺎﻈﻧدﺟوو،ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻴﺴﻟاو)،ﻢﻴﻠﺳ
٢٠١٩.( ه- ﻲﺬﻟادﺎﺼﺘﻗ :ﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاوﺔﻓﻌﳌاﻋﺒﻛﻞﺸﺰﻜﺗﺮﻳيﺬﻟادﺎﺼﺘﻗإﺸ،تﺎﻣﺪاوﻊﻠﺴﻟاجﺎﺘﻧإ
ﻞﻤﻌﻟاصﺮﻓﻓﻮﺗو)Prasad & Alizadeh, 2020 .( ﺔﻧوﺮﳌاو،لﺎﻤﻋةدﺎرو،رﺎﺘﺑدﺎﺼﺘﻗاﺬﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳ
ﻟﺎﻌﻟاوﺤﳌاقﻮﺴانﺑﻞﻣﺎﺘﻟاو،لﻮﺤﺘﻟاﻋةرﺪﻘﻟاو،ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧو،ﻞﻤﻌﻟاق)،ﺎﺻ٢٠١٨.( و- ﺬﻟاﻘﻨﻟا :ﻄﺗﺔﻓﺎماﺪﺨﺘﺳاإﺸﺔﻣﻼﺴﻟاةدﺎزو،ﻞﻘﻨﻟاﺔﻤﻈﻧأةءﺎﻔﻛﺰﺰﻌﺘﻟﺣﺎﺘﳌاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاتﺎﻘﻴﺒ
ﺔروﺮﳌا)،ﻂﺑا٢٠٢٠ .(،ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻠﻟﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟاﺔﻴﺒﻟاﻓﻮﺗو، ً ﺎﻴﻟودو ً ﺎﻴﻠﺤﻣلﻮﺻﻮﻟاﺔﻴﻧﺎﻣإﻲﺬﻟاﻞﻘﻨﻟاﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳ
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
5
ﺔﻨﻣوةﺮﻜﺘﺒﳌاوﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﻞﻘﻨﻟاﻢﻈﻧو)،ةﺪﺤﺘﳌاﻢ٢٠١٥(،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاقﺮﻄﻟاﺐﻧﺎﺠﺑ،،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاروﳌاتارﺎﺷإو
ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاةءﺎﺿو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﺒﻗاﺮﳌاو)Westraadt & Calitz, 2020.( ز- ءﺎﻴﻛذأصﺎأ :،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺔﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﳌاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاتﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗﺔﻓﺎماﺪﺨﺘﺳاﻋﻦردﺎﻘﻟاصﺎﻢ
ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟاﺔﻤﻳﺪﻋنﻮﺗﺎﻣﺪﺨﺘﺴﻦﻣدﻮﺟونوﺪﺑتﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟاﻚﻠﺗﺮﻓاﻮﺘﻓ)،ﻴﻟا٢٠٢٠ .(صﺎءﻻﺆﻤﺘﻳ
،ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا ةﺎﻴا  ﺔﻛرﺎﺸﳌاو ،حﺎﺘﻔﻧو ،عاﺪﺑو ،ﺔﻧوﺮﳌاو ،ةﺎﻴا يﺪﻣ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﺑﺎﻘﻟاو ،ﺎﻌﻟا ﻞﻴﺄﺘﻟﺎﺑ
ﺔﻴﻗﻌﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺔﻳدﺪﻌﺘﻟاو)،نوﺮﺧآوﺪﻣﺎﺣ٢٠١٦.(
٣ .ﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا
١.٣ .ﺮﺼﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا
ﻞﻴانﺪﻣﻦﻣﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣءﺎﺸإتأﺪﺑﺎﻤﻛ،ﺔﻴﺿﺎﳌامﺎﻋنﻌرراﺪﻣﻋةﺪﻳﺪانﺪﳌاﺔﺮﺠﺗﺮﺼﻣتأﺪﺑ
ﺪﺷ ﻟا ﻊاﺮﻟات ﺪﻘﻓ ،ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟاو ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟا ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣﺒﻛ رﻮﻄﺗو ةﺮﻔﻃأتاﻐﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﻛاﻮﻣﻛأ نﺪﳌا ﻚﻠﺗ ﺖﺤﺒﺻ
ﺔﺜﻳﺪاﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاتارﻮﻄﺘﻟاو . رﻮﻄﺘﻣ ً ﺎﺟذﻮﻤﻧنﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺗﺪﻌ،ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌادﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺔﻤﻋاﺪﻟاﺔﻄﺸو،تﺎﺒﺸﻟاﻢﻈﻧ ً ا
ﺔﺻﺎاوﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟاةرﻮﻄﺘﳌاثﺎﺤﺑﺰﻛاﺮﻣو .فﺎﻀﺗو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاوءاﺮﻀانﺪﳌائدﺎﺒﻣنﺪﳌاﻚﻠﺗﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗوﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗﻞﺧﺪو
 ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﺣﺎﻴﺴﻟﺎ ﺎﻔﺋﺎﻇﻮﻟ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻣ ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗا ﺔﻄﺸأ ﺎﻟ)ﺔﻤﻜا سأرو ،ةﺪﻳﺪا نﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ(،ةرﺎﺠﺘﻟاو
لﺎﻤﻋلﺎﺟرتﺎﻣﺪﺧﺰﻛاﺮﻣو،ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا)ﺪﻴﻌﺳرﻮﺑقﺮﺷﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣﻞﺜﻣ( ً اﺪﻳﺪﺟ ً ﻼﻜﺷمﺪﻘﺗﻟاةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاو،
ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟاتﺎﺮﺸﻟاوتﺎﺴﺳﺆﻤﻠﻟﺔﺑذﺎالﺎﻤﻋتﺎﻣﺪﺧو ،ﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻟوﺪﻠﻟﺔﺰﻛﺮﳌاﻄﺸﻦﻣ .ﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻞﺜﻤﺗ
ﺮﳌايﺮﻀا نﺎﺮﺸﻟاةﺪﻳﺪاﻳﺎﻤﺑ ،يدﺎﺼﺘﻗﺲﻮﺴﻟاةﺎﻨﻗ ﻢﻴﻠﻗﻹيﺰﻛﻣﻦﻣﮫﻨﻤﻀﺮﺼﳌ ﺔرﻮﺤﻣﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗا ﻖﻃﺎ )،ةرادﻺﻟﻲﻣﻮﻘﻟاﺪﻌﳌا٢٠٢٠.(
ءﺪﺒﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺮﺼﻋﺮﺼﻣﺖﻠﺧدﺪﻗوإﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗو ءﺎﺸ١٣ﺎﻟ تﺪﺻر ،ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻋﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗﻳﺎﻌﻤﺑﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ
مﺎﻋﺔﺻﺎﺧﺔﻴﻧاﻣﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻣﻮا٢٠١٧ .امﺎﻤﺘاﻊﺟﺮوﻚﻠﺗنأإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﻮﺤﻧﮫﺟﻮﺘﻟﺎﺑﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻣﻮ نﺪﳌا
ﺮﺼﻣ تارﺎﻘﻌﻟاو تﻻﺎﺼﺗ ﺎﺠﻣةﺒﻛةﺮﻔﻃ ثاﺪﺣإردﺎﺼﻣﻢأىﺪﺣإﻞﺜﻤﺗ .ﺐﻧﺎﺟﻦﻣ ةﺮﻤﺘﺴﻣدﻮﺟكﺎﻨو
ﺴ يﺬﻟا ﻗﺮﻟا ﻊﻤﺘﺠﳌا إ لﻮﺤﺘﻠﻟ فﺪ يﺬﻟاو ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﳌا مﺎﻈﻨﺑ ةﺪﻳﺪا نﺪﳌا ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ءﺎﺸﻹ ﺔﻣﻮاﻦﻣ ﻞ
داﻓو تﺎﺴﺳﺆﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌا تﺎﻣﺪا .رﺎﺘﺑوﺮﻄﺘﻟا ﻋ ﻂﻘﻓﺮﺼﺘﻘﺗﻻ ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﳌا ﺔﻴﻤأ نأﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑﺮﻳﺪاو
،ﻦﻃاﻮﳌاةﺎﻴﺣﻂﻤﻧﺔﻴﻋﻮﻨﻟاﺔﻠﻘﻨﻟاوﺎﻤﻧإو،ﺎﺎﺳدﺪﻋﺪﻳاﻳﻟانﺪﳌاةرادإﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛوةﺪﻳﺪﺟﺔﻠﺸﻣﺮﻈﺘﺳﺎوﺪﺑ
دراﻮﳌاﻦﻣﻞﺋﺎﻢﻛإجﺎﺘﺤﺗوﺎرادﻹنﻔﻇﻮﳌاو)،تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺌﻴﻟا٢٠٢٠.(
ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗةدﺎﻔﺘﺳزﺰﻌﻟا تارﺎﻤﺜﺳأﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاوﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟاﻴﺒﻟارﺎﻤﺜﺳ ﺪﻌ
ﻧإو،ﺎﻟيدﺮﻔﻟاماﺪﺨﺘﺳﺚﻴﺣﻦﻣﻂﻘﻓﺲﻟ،نﺎﺴﻟاﻋﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣﻏوﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣﻞﺸﺮﺛﺆﺗﺎﻷ،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟوﺪﻴﻔﺘﺴﺎﻤ
ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌاﻢﻛﻼﺳا طﺎﻤﻧأ مﺪﺨﺗﻟا ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧ ﺔﻄﺸﺎﻣ . ﻦﺮﻤﺜﺴﳌا ﻊﻴ إ ﺔﺮﺼﳌا ﺔﻣﻮا ﻊﻓد ﺎﻣ اﺬ
 ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟا تﻻﺪﻌﳌا ﻦﻣ ﻋأ إ ﻢﺎﻋوﺮﺸﻤﺑ لﻮﺻﻮﻠﻟﺰﻓاﻮا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻣﺰﺣ ﻊﺿو لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﺒﻟا تﺎﻋوﺮﺸﻣ
ﻞﻴﻐﺸﻟاوﻢﻴﻤﺼﺘﻟا .ﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻣﻮا ﺖﺠﺗاﻚﻟﺬﻛﺰﻓاﻮﺣتﺎﻮﺘﺴﻣﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣإةﺪﻳﺪانﺪﳌاﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ إ
،ﻂﺳﻮﺘﳌاو ﺾﻔﺨﻨﳌانﺎﺳ تﺎﺌﻓ تاذ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌا ﻋﻛﻟا ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟاﺔﻴﺒﻟا تﺎﻋوﺮﺸﻣ رﺎﻤﺜﺳ
ﺔﻌﺮﺳﺔﻴﻤﻨﺗإجﺎﺘﺤﺗﻟاﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌاﻚﻟﺬﻛو)http://www.mhuc.gov.eg/Programs/Index/132.(
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
6
 ً ﺎﻀﻳأﻦﻤﻀﺘﺗﺎﻤﻧإو،ﻂﻘﻓﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟوﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗتﻻﺎﺠﳌا ﻋﺮﺼﺘﻘﺗﻻةﺪﻳﺪانﺪﳌاﻦﻣﺪﺋاﻮﻌﻟانأ ﺎﻤﻛ
داﺮﻓوأﻲﻣﻮﻘﻟايﻮﺘﺴﳌاﻋءاﻮﺳﺔﻴﻴوﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻋوﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺛﺪﺋاﻮﻋ . ﺮﺷﺆﻣﻋﺪﺋاﻮﻌﻟاﻚﻠﺗسﺎﻴﻗﺮﺼﺘﻘﻳﻻأﺐﺠﻳدﺪﻋتا
ﺎﻟﻼﻐﺘﺳاوﺎﻴﻤﻨﺗﻢﺗﻟاارتﺎﺣﺎﺴﻣوأﺔﻴﻨﻜﺴﻟاتاﺪﺣﻮﻟاﻢو .إﺖﺠﺗﺎﻓ،ﻚﻟذﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻟوﺪﻟاﺖﻛردأﺪﻗو
،ﺎﺔﻘﺒﻄﳌاﺔﻴﻋﻮﻨﻟاتﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟاىوﺪﺟيﺪﻣﺪﻳﺪﺤﺗﻞﺟأﻦﻣﺔرودﺔﻔﺼﺑﺎﺳﺎﻴﻗﻦﻜﻤﻳﻟاتاﺮﺷﺆﳌاﻦﻣﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣﻊﺿو
آاوأ ةﺪﻳﺪا نﺪﳌا نأرﺎﺒﺘﻋ  ﻩﺬﺧجرﺎﺧ ﻲاﺮﻤﻌﻟارﺎﺸﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﺔﻠﻴﺳو ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺑ ةﻳﺪا ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟ
ﻢﺋﺎﻘﻟاناﻤﻌﻟاﻞﺎﺸﻣﺔﺎﻌﻣةروﺮﺿوﺔﻴﻤأﻠﺗﻻﺎﻜﻟو،ﺎﺘﻟﺪﻟاويداﻮﻟا .ﻻﺪﻳﺪاوﻢﺋﺎﻘﻟاناﺮﻤﻌﻟانأﻌاﺬو
ﺒﻛﻞﺸﻢﺎﺴﺎﻤﻠحﺎﺠﻧنﺈﻓﻢﺛﻦﻣو،تﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟانﻼﺼﻔﻨﻣنﺎﻧﺎﻴﻛنﻼﺜﻤﻳﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻠﻟﺔﻴﻣﻮﻘﻟافاﺪ ﻖﻴﻘﺗ )،ةرادﻺﻟﻲﻣﻮﻘﻟاﺪﻌﳌا٢٠٢٠.(
ﻊﺿوﻦﻣﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاوﻖﻓاﺮﳌاونﺎﺳ ةرازﻮﻟ ﺔﻌﺎﺘﻟاةﺪﻳﺪاﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاﺔﺌﻴﺖﻧاﺪﻗو
ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗوءﺎﺸﻹﻴﺼﻔﺘﻟاوﻲﺎﻟاﻂﻄﺨﳌا٤٤ ﻮﺘﺴﻣﻋﻢﻴﻟﺎﻗوتﺎﻈﻓﺎﺤﳌاﻊﻴﻤﺠﺑةﺪﻳﺪﺟﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣرﺎﻃإﻞﻣﺎﻟﺎﺑﺮﺼﻣي
 ﺔﻟوﺪﻠﻟ ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻄﺧو ،ﺔﻴﻧاﻤﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاو ءﺎﻨﺒﻠﻟ ﻲﻣﻮﻘﻟا ﻴﺗاﺳ ﻂﻄﺨﳌا٢٠٣٠ )ﻖﻓاﺮﳌاو نﺎﺳةرازو
،ﺔﻴﻧاﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاو٢٠٢٠.(
٢.٣ .ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا
ﺎﻴﺳﺰﻛﺮﻣإةﺮﺎﻘﻟاﻞﺤﺗوﺮﻮﻄﺘﻟﺔﺼﳌاﺔﻟوﺪﻟاﺔﻄﺧرﺎﻃإقﺮﺸﻟاﺔﻘﻄﻨﳌﺪﺋاروﻤﺘﻣيدﺎﺼﺘﻗاوﺎﻘﺛو
لﻼﺧﻦﻣﻚﻟﺬﻛو،ﺔﻋﻨﺘﳌاﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﺔﻄﺸﺎﻤﻋﺪﺗةرﻄﺘﻣﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗاﺔﺌﺑﻖﻠﺧلﻼﺧﻦﻣﻚﻟذو،ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإوﻂﺳو
ﻦﻣ ً ﺎﻀﻳأو ،ةﺮﺎﻘﻟا ةﺪﺮﻔﻟا ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟاو ﺔﻴﺨرﺎﺘﻟا ل ﻋظﺎﻔا نﺎﻤﻀﻟﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻴﺴﻟاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗ
ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗﻢﺗ؛ﺎﻓةﺎﻴاوﺔﺸﻌﳌاﻞﺴ ُ ﺔﻮﻗﺔﻴﺘﺤﺗﺔﻴﺑﻓﻮﺗلﻼ١٧٠ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﺸﻹناﺪﻓﻒﻟأ
ةﺮﺎﻘﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣقﺮﺷ .ﺘﺧاﻊﺟﺮﻳﮫﺮﻗوﻩﻤﺘﻟﻊﻗﻮﳌااﺬرﺎ ﺲﻮﺴﻟاةﺎﻨﻗﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣﻦﻣ،ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗقﺮﻄﻟاو،روﺎﺤﳌاو
ﺔﻟوﺪﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﺋﺮﻟا .ﳌانﺎﺴﻟادﺪﻋﻎﻠﺒﻳاﻮﺣوﺔﻠﺣﺮﳌالﻼﺧةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاإﻠﻘﻧفﺪﺴ٥نﻮﻠﻣ
ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣﺔﻤﺴ١٠.٥ناﺪﻓﻒﻟأ .ﻞﻘﻧوﺔﻠﺣﺮﳌافﺪﺴﺎﻤﻛ٤٠ ٥٠ةﺪﻳﺪاتاﺮﻘﳌاإﻲﻣﻮﺣﻒﻇﻮﻣﻒﻟأ
 إ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﻌﻴﺳ ﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟا ةدﺎﺰﻟ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ ،ﻢﻠﻤﻌﻟ١٠٠ماﻋأ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟا ﺪﻌ ﻒﻇﻮﻣ ﻒﻟأو )http://www.mhuc.gov.eg/Programs/Index/132.(
٣.٣ .ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻊﻗﻮﻣ
 ﺪﻌ ﻋ ﺔراد ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﻊﻘﺗ٤٥و ،ةﺮﺎﻘﻟا ﻂﺳو ﻦﻣ ﻢ٨٠و ،ﺲﻮﺴﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻢﻛ٥٥ﺞﻴﻠﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻛ
ﺲﻮﺴﻟا. ﺸﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺎﺮﻘﺑﻤﺘﺗ ةﺎﻘﻟا قﺮﺷ نﺪﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺎﺮﻗ ﻚﻟﺬﻛو ،ﺲﻮﺴﻟا ةﺎﻨﻗ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺗ عو)ةﺮﺎﻘﻟاو قوﺮﺸﻟاورﺪﺑ
ةﺪﻳﺪا .(،ﻰﻄﺳو ىﺮﺋاﺪﻟا ﻖﻄﻟاو ،ﺔﻨﻟا نﻌﻟا ﻖو ،ﺲﻮﺴﻟا ﻖﺮﻃ  ﺔﻴﺴﺋر قﺮﻃ ﺔﻌرﺄﺑ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﳌا ﻂﺒﺗﺮﺗ
ﺔﻴﺴﺋﺮﻟاقﻄﻟاروﺎﺤﻣإﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ،ﻴﻠﻗﻖﺮﻄﻟاو)تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺌﻴﻟا،٢٠٢٠.(
٤.٣ .ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﺸإفاﺪأ
نﺪﳌاتﺎﻧﻮﻣوتﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣوﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧﻊﻣﻖﻔﺘﺗﻟاو،ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﺸﻹﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳأفاﺪأﺔﻌﺒﺳكﺎﻨ
ﻳﺎﻤﻴﻓﻞﺜﻤﺘﺗﻟاو،ﺎﻠﻋفرﺎﻌﺘﳌاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا)،ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاوﻖﻓاﺮﳌاونﺎﺳةرازو٢٠٢٠:(
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
7
١- نﻮﺗنأءاﺮﻀﺧﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ :ﺔﺣﻮﺘﻔﳌاوءاﺮﻀاتﺎﺤﻄﺴﳌاﻦﻣدﺮﻔﻟاﺐﺼﻧﻎﻠﺒﻳ١٥م٢ /دﺮﻓ،ﻳﺎﻌﻤﻠﻟ ً ﺎﻘﻓوﻚﻟذو
ةﺎﻴاةدﻮﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا.
٢- ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﻣﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣنﻮﺗنأ :ﻲﻄﻐ ُ نأو،تﺎﻔﻠﺨﳌاﺮووﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳتادﺪﺤﻣمﺪﺨﺘﺴ٧٠ %ﺢﻄﺳأﻦﻣ
ﺔﻴﺴﻤﺸﻟاﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاتاﺪﺣﻮﺑﻲﺎﺒﳌا.
٣- ةﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ :ﺎﻴﺣأنﺑﻂﺮﻟاءﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗو،تﺎﺟارﺪﻟاوةﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟتاﻤﻣﺔﻜﺒﺷلﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا٤٠ %ﺔﻜﺒﺷﻦﻣ
تﺎﺟارﺪﻟاوةﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟقﺮﻄﻟا.
٤- ةﺎﻴاو ﻦﻜﺴﻠﻟ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ : ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗ٣٠ %نﻮﻴﻠﻣ ﻊﻗاﻮﺑ ،ةﺎﻴاو ﻦﻜﺴﻠﻟ ةﺪﻳﺪا ﺔراد ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ ﻦﻣ
ﺔﻴﻨﻜﺳةﺪﺣوﻒﺼﻧو .ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻜﻟاﺎﻋنﺎﺳﻎﻠﺒﻳ٣٥%ﺎﺳﻎﻠﺒو،ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻜﻟاﻂﺳﺘﻣن٥٠%ﺾﻔﺨﻨﻣنﺎﺳو،
ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻜﻟا١٥ .%
٥- ﺔﻠﺼﺘﻣﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ :تﻼﺻاﻮﳌاوﻞﻘﻨﻟاتﺎﺒﺷﻊﻴﻤﺟجرﺪﺗﺎاﺮﻳ)ﻛﺎﺗ،تﺎﺴﻮﺗأ،ﻟﻮﻠﺗ،ماﺮﺗ،وﻣ،رﺎﻄﻗ.(
٦- ﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ :ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟاتﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌاﺔﻜﺒﺷﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﻲﻄﻐﺎﻤﻛ، ً ﺎﻴﻧوﻜﻟإﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاتﺎﻣﺪﺧﻊﻴﻤﺟمﺪﻘﺗ.
٧- لﺎﻤﻋﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ :ﺲﻮﺴﻟاةﺎﻨﻗﻢﻴﻠﻗإويﻜﻟاةﺮﺎﻘﻟاﻢﻴﻠﻗإمﺪﺨﻳلﺎﻤﻋولﺎﻤﻠﻟﺰﻛﺮﻣءﺎﺸإ .ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗﻢﺘﻳ٣٠ %
لﺎﳌاولﺎﻤﻋعﺎﻄﻗﺔﻣﺪﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﻦﻣ.
ﻳﺎﻣﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗلﻼﺧﻦﻣيﺮﺼﳌادﺎﺼﺘﻗﻋةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاءﺎﻨﺑﺲﻜﻌﻨو)https://cutt.us/HcDmn:( - تارﺎﻤﺜﺳﻦﻣﺪﺰﳌا :ﻢﺗنﺑﺎﻣحواﺗةﺒﻛتارﺎﻤﺜﺳاﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗ٧٥ - ٨٠لﻼﺧﺎﻓﺻﻢﺘﻳ،رﻻودرﺎﻴﻠﻣ١٢
ﻞﻣﺎﻟﺎﺑﺎﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟﺔﻨﺳ. - مﺎﺣدزو سﺪﻜﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ يﻜﻟا ةﺮﺎﻘﻟا ﻎﺮﻔﺗ :ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا إ ﺔﺮﺼﳌا تارازﻮﻟا ﻞﻘﻧ ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗ فﺪﺴ
ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟا سﺪﻜﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺮﺎﻘﻟا ﻎﺮﻔﺗو ،ةﺮﺎﻘﻟا  ﻦﻣﺰﳌا ﻂﻐﻀﻟا ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟتﺎاو تارازﻮﻟﺎﺑ نﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻛﺮﺣ ﻦﻋ
ً ﺎﻴﺨرﺎﺗو ً ﺎﻴﻓﺎﻘﺛو ً ﺎﻴﺛاﺮﺗ ً ﺎﻴﺣﺎﻴﺳ ً اﺪﺼﻘﳌةﺮﺎﻘﻟاﻞﻮﺤﺗو،ﺔﻴﻣا. - ةﻳﺪاﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاتﺎﻋﺎﻨﺻﺰﺰﻌ : ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗوءﺎﺸإﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗﻦﻤﻀﺘ٩٠ﺔﻴﺴﻤﺸﻟاﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟا لﻮﻘﺣﻦﻣﻢﻛ
لﻼﺧﺎزﺎﺠﻧإضﻔﳌا٥-٧ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺑتاﻮﻨﺳ٤٥رودرﺎﻴﻠﻣ. - ةدﺎزﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟاﺔﻌﻗﺮﻟاﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣ :حﻼﺼﺘﺳاﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳ٤ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗﺪﻋﺎﺴﺎﻤﺑ،ﺔﻋارﺰﻠﻟناﺪﻓنﻮﻴﻠﻣ
ﻚﻟﺬﻛﺔﻴﺋاﺬﻐﻟاةﻮﺠﻔﻟاﺪﺳو،نﻮﺮﻜﻟاﺪﻴﺴﻛأﻲﺎﺛتﺎﺛﺎﻌﺒﻧا. - ﺲﻮﺴﻟاةﺎﻨﻗرﻮﺤﻣﻊﻣﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺗﻂر :يﺮﺠﻳيﺬﻟاﺲﺴﻟاةﺎﻨﻗرﻮﻣﻊﻣﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗوءﺎﺸإﻂﺒﺗﺮﻳ
ﻟﺎﺑﮫﻴﻓﻞﻤﻌﻟااﻮﺤﺑنﺎﺘﻘﻄﻨﳌاﻂﺒﺗﺳو،ﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣﺔﻴﻋﺎﻨﺻنﺪﻣﻋرﻮﺤﳌاﻞﻤﺸو،ﮫﻌﻣيزاﻮﺘ٣٢٠٠ﻦﻣﻢﻛ
قﻄﻟا.
٥.٣ .ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗئدﺎﺒﻣ
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاةدﺎر ةدﺎﻌﺘﺳاو،لﺎﻤﻋولﺎﻤﻠﻟ ﺪﻳﺪﺟيرادإﺰﻛﺮﻣءﺎﺸإﻋةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻴﻄﺨﺗﺪﻤﺘﻌ
و ، ً ﺎﻴﳌﺎﻋو ً ﺎﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗإةﺪﻳﺪا ةﺮﺎﻘﻠﻟ ﺎﻴﺴﻟاو ﺎﻘﺜﻟا خﺎﻨﳌا ﺔﺌﻴ .ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻋ ةﺪﻳﺪا ﺔراد ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺗﺰﻜﺗﺮو
ﻢﺔﻴﺴﺋرئدﺎﺒﻣ)http://www.mhuc.gov.eg/Programs/Index/132:(
١- ﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗوﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاﺔﻮﻟاوثاﻟاﻋﺪﻴﻛﺄﺘﻟاةﺪﻳﺪاتﺎﻋوﺮﺸﳌاﺎ.
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
8
٢- ﺔﺣﻮﺘﻔﳌاتﺎﺣﺎﺴﳌاﻦﻣدﺮﻔﻟاﺐﺼﻧةدﺎﻟﺔﻣﺎﻋﻖﺋاﺪﺣوﺔﺣﻮﺘﻔﻣتﺎﺣﺎﺴﻣ.
٣- تﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋوﺔﻄﺸأوتﺎﻣﺪﺧﻦﻣﮫﻣﺪﻘﺗﺎﻣﻞﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاتﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟاثﺪﺣأماﺪﺨﺘﺳالﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ.
ﻢﻗرﻞﺷﻮو)١ (ﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻠﻟمﺎﻌﻟاﻂﻄﺨﳌا.
ﻟاﻞﺸ ١ :مﺎﻌﻟاﻂﻄﺨﳌاةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻠ
رﺪﺼﳌا :،ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاوﻖﻓاﺮﳌاونﺎﺳةرازو٢٠٢٠،١٨.
٦.٣ .ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﻌﻟاتﺎﻧﻮﻜﻣﻢأ - ﻰﻣﻮﻜاﻟا
ﻰﻣﻮاﻟا ﻦﻤﻀﺘﻳ١٨ ً رازوﺒﻣ نﺎﳌﻠﻟﺒو، ﺒﻣو،ﺔﺳﺎﺋﺮﻟا ﺔﺴﺳﺆﳌ ﺒﻣو ،ﺐﺋﺎﻧﻒﻟﻷ ﻊﺴﻳﺲﻠﺠﳌ
تاﺮﻤﺗﺆﻣﺰﻛﺮﻣو ،ءارزﻮﻟا،ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﺔﻘﻳﺪﺣو ﺔﻴﺒﻃ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو ،ﺔﻴﻛذ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو ،تارﺎﻄﻣو ،ﻤﻴﻟوأ دﺎﺘﺳإو ،ضرﺎﻌﻣ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو )https://cutt.us/HcDmn(. - ﻜﺴﻟاﻟا
اﻮﺣﺔﻴﻨﻜﺴﻟاﺔﺣﺎﺴﳌاﻞﺜﻤﺗ٦٧ %ﻮﺤﻧﻦﻤﻀﺘﺗو،ﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣﻦﻣ٢٨٥ىدوﺪﺤﳌﺔﻴﻨﻜﺳةﺪﺣوﻒﻟأ
ﻞﺧﺪﻟا،و١٨٥و،ﻂﺳﻮﺘﳌاﻞﺧﺪﻟاىوﺬﻟﺔﻴﻨﻜﺳةﺪﺣوﻒﻟأ١٥ﺐﻋﻮﺘﺴﺚﻴﺤﺑ ً ﻼﺧدﻋتﺎﻘﺒﻄﻠﻟﺔﻴﻨﻜﺳةﺪﺣوﻒﻟأ
ﻮﺤﻧ٦.٥عوﺮﺸﳌالﺎﻤﺘﻛاﺪﻌﺔﻤﺴنﻮﻴﻠﻣ)https://cutt.us/HcDmn.( - ﺮﻀﺧرﻮﺤﳌا
ﺴﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﻢﻀﺗﺔﺰﻛﳌاﻖﺋاﺪاقﺮﻃوأﺮﻀﺧﺮﻟاﻮو،ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟاﺮﻀﺣأرﻮﺤﻣلﻮﻃأﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟﺎﺑﺔﻴﻨﻜ .
ﺔﻴﺗﺎﺒﻧﻖﺋاﺪﺣوﺔﻴﻓﺮﺗوﺔﺰﻛﺮﻣﻖﺋاﺪﺣﻋﻞﻤﺘﺸ .مﺎﻘﺗﺚﻴﺣ،ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟاىﻮﺘﺴﻣﻋﻖﺋاﺪاﻛأﻦﻣﻖﺋاﺪاﻚﻠﺗﺪﻌ
ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻣﻋ٥لﻮﻄﺑناﺪﻓفﻻآ٣٥ﻢﻛ.إﺴﻘﻣﻖﺋاﺪاعوﺮﺸﻣو٧ﺔﻴﺨرﺎﺘﻟاﺔﻘﻳﺪاﺎﻣ،تﺎﻋﺎﻄﻗ)ﻊﺎﻃتاذ
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
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رﺎﺗ(نﺎﺴﻟاوﺔﻠﻟﺔﻘﻳﺪﺣو،)لﺎﻔﻃﻸﻟ(ﺔﻘﻳﺪﺣو،ﺔﻴﺿﺎﺮﻟاﺔﻘﻳﺪاو،ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟاﺔﻘﻳﺪاو،لﺎﻤﻋولﺎﻤﻠﻟﺔﻘﻳﺪﺣو،
بﺮﺸﻟا ﻩﺎﻴﻣ ﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻳ و ،ﺔﺎﻌﻣ ﻩﺎﻴﻤﺑ ﮫر ﻢﺘﺳ ﻖﺋاﺪا ﻦﻣ ﻞﺋﺎﻟا ﻢﻜﻟا او ،تﺎﺗﺎﺒﻨﻠﻟ ﺔﻘﻳﺪﺣو ،مﻮﻠﻌﻠﻟ
)https://cutt.us/FjTNa(. - لﺎﻤﻋ
ً ﻼﻣﺎ ً ﺎﻴﺣﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﻢﻀﺗ ً اﺮﻘﻣو،لﺎﻤولﺎﳌالﺎﺟكﻮﻨﺒﻟاﻒﻠﺘﺨﳌتاﺮﻘﻣو،ﺔﺻرﻮﺒﻟاو،ىﺰﻛﳌاﻚﻨﺒﻠﻟ
ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟاوﺔﻴﻠﺤﳌا .ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣءﺎﺸﻹصﺎﺧﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ﻊﺿوﻢﺗﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻠﻟمﺎﻌﻟاﻂﻄﺨﻤﻠﻟ ً ﺎﻘﻓووتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاﺔﺌﻴىﺪﻟ لﺎﻤ
ﻩﻈﻨﻛﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟﺎﺑجﺮﺑﻛأﺎﻓﺄﺸﻳنأضﻔﳌاﻦﻣو،لﺎﻤﻋلﺎﺟﺮﻟ ً ﺟاﺑأوبﺎتﺎﺤﻃﺎﻧﻞﻤﺸﻮو،ةﺪﻳﺪاﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟا
ﺔﻤتﺂﺸﻣوتاﺮﻤﺗﺆﻣﺔﻋﺎﻗإﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ،ﻰد)s.gov.eg/Story/132575?lang=arhttps://www.si.(
- ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ
ﺺﻴﺼﺨﺗﻢﺗﻦﻣبﺮﻘﻳﺎﻣﺎﻟ٣٠٠ﺔﻓﻌﳌاومﻮﻠﻌﻟاﺔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣو،ناﺪﻓ،مﺎﻈﻨﺑﺎﺴﺳﺄﺗﻢﺘﺳ
ﺎﻏوﺮﺗﻮﻴﺒﻤﻜﻟا تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗو ﺮو ﺖﻓﺴﻟاو لﺎﻤﻋ ةدﺎرورﺎﺘﺑو مﻮﻠﻌﻟاو ثﺎﺤﺑﻸﻟﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ﻢﻀﺘﺳو ،ﺔﻘﻠﻐﳌا نﺪﳌا
)https://cutt.us/HcDmn(. - ﺔﺰﻛﺮﳌالﺎﻤﻋﺔﻘﻄﻨﻣ:
ﺔﻘﻄﻨﳌاﻚﻠﺗﻢﻀﺗ٢٠ﻎﻠﺒﻳﺚﻴﺣ،ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإجﺮﺑلﻮﻃأﺪﻌيﺬﻟاﻲﻮﻳجﻟاﺎﻣو،ﺔﻋﻨﺘﻣتﺎﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ ً ﺎﺟﺮﺑ
ﮫﻋﺎﻔﺗرا٣٤٥ﺔﺣﺎﺴﻤﺑﻣ١.٧ﻊﺮﻣﻣنﻮﻴﻠﻣ .عوﺸﳌااﺬتارﺎﻤﺜﺳارﺪﻘﺗو٣رودرﺎﻴﻠﻣ .ﳌاﺔﻘﻄﻨﳌاﺬﻴﻔﻨﺗﻢﺘﻳﺔﺰﻛ
ﺔﻛﺮﺷو،ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاﺔﺌﻴنﺑنوﺎﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑCSCECﺔﻴﻨﺼﻟا)،ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاوﻖﻓاﺮﳌاونﺎﺳةرازو٢٠٢٠.(
٤ .ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧ
تﺎﻧﻮﻣوﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧﻢأﻞﺜﻤﺘﺗﺚﻴﺣ،ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاوﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاءﺎﺸإإﮫﺟﻮﻟانﺑﺔﻘﻴﺛوﺔﻗﻼﻋكﺎﻨ
ﺬﻟادﺎﺼﺘﻗﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاةﺎﻴاو،ﻲﻟاﻞﻘﻨﻟاو،ءﺎﻴﻛذصﺎو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﺌﺒﻟاو،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاﺔﻤﻛﻮاو،ﻲ
ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟو ﺔﻴﻴﺒﻟاو ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﺒﻛﻞﺸﻢﻋﺪﺗو ﻂﺒﺗﺮﺗتﺎﻧﻮﻣو ﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧو،ﻲﺬﻟاﻊﻤﺘﺠﳌاو
ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو .ﺪﻳﺪﻌﻟاﺮﺼﻣتﺬﺨﺗا؛ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌﺎﺑﻟﺎﻌﻟامﺎﻤﺘءﻮﺿوﻮﺤﻧلﻮﺤﺘﻠﻟﺔﻟﺎﻌﻔﻟاو ﺔﻌﺮﺴﻟاتاﻮﻄا ﻦﻣ
ءﺎﺸإتأﺪﺑﺚﻴﺣ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا١٣ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻋﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗتﺎﻴﻧﺎﻣﺈﺑﺔﻴﻛذﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ .اﻩﺬنﺑﻦﻣونﺪﳌ"ﺔرادﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا
ةﺪﻳﺪا"لﻼﺧﻦﻣيﺮﺼﳌادﺎﺼﺘﻗﻋﺒﻛﻲﺎﺠﻳإﺛﺄﺗﺎﻟنﻮﻴﺳﻟاو،ﺮﺼﻣﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌالوأﺪﻌﻟاو،
،ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟاﺔﻌﻗﺮﻟاةدﺎزو،ةدﺪﺠﺘﳌاﺔﻗﺎﻄﻟاتﺎﻋﺎﻨﺻﺰﺰﻌو،سﺪﻜﺘﻟاﻦﻣيﻜﻟاةﺮﺎﻘﻟاﻎﺮﻔﺗو،تارﺎﻤﺜﺳﻦﻣﺪﺰﳌا
ﺲﻮﺴﻟاةﺎﻨﻗرﻮﺤﻣﻊﻣﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺗﻂرو.
،ةﺪﻳﺪﺟنﺪﻣﻦﻣﮫﻟﻂﻄﺨﺗﺎﻤﻴﻓﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﻮﺤﻧﮫﺟﻮﺘﻟاراﺮﻤﺘﺳﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻟوﺪﻟاﻋﺒﻳ؛ﻚﻟذءﻮﺿو
ﺎﻓﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣﺔﻓﺎﻓﻮﺗلﻼﺧﻦﻣﺔﻴﻛذنﺪﻣإﺎﺔﻤﺋﺎﻘﻟانﺪﳌاﻞﻮﺤﺗو .ماﺪﺨﺘﺳاﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟاﺒﻳﺎﻤﻛ
مﺎﻤﺘو،ﺔﺮﺼﳌانﺪﳌاﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣةﺎﻴاةدﻮﺟنﺴﺤﺘﺑمﺎﻤﺘو،تﺎﻣﺪﺧﻦﻣﮫﻣﺪﻘﺗﺎﻣﺔﻓﺎةرﻄﺘﳌاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟا
اﻛأ تﺎﻄﻄﺨﻣو تﺎﻴﺠﻴﺗاﺳإ ﻨﺑﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳاو ً ارﺎﺘﺑ .،ﺔﺌﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻘﻳﺪﺻو ﺔﻴﻛذ ﻞﻘﻧ ﻞﺋﺎﺳوﻓﻮﺘﺑ مﺎﻤﺘ ﺒﻳ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ
ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻣﺔﺟردﻗﻷثﻮﻠﺘﻟاﺾﻴﻔﺨﺗو .ﺢﺒﺼﻳﺣيﻮﻗﻞﺸﮫﻠﻴﺄﺗوﮫﺒرﺪﺗويﺸﻟالﺎﳌاسأﺑمﺎﻤﺘﺐﺠﻳ ً اﺧأو
ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاتﺎﺒﻠﻄﺘﻣﺔﻓﺎﻊﻣﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟاﻋةءﺎﻔﻛوةرﺪﻗﻛأ.
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
10
ﻊﺟاﺮﳌا
ً وأ :ﳌاﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟاﻊﺟا
١- اةﺪﺤﺘﳌاﻢﻣ)٢٠١٥ (ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا :ﺔﻴﻣﻮاﺔﻤﻘﻟاثﻮﺤﺑﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ،ﻴﻠﻗرﻮﻈﻨﳌا.
٢- ﺪﻤﺤﻣ،نﺎﻳﺪﻣﻮ)٢٠٢٠(ﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاتﺎﺳارﺪﻠﻟةرﺎﻨﳌاﺔﻠﺠﻣ،بﺮﻐﳌﺎﺑﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌامﻮﻔﺪﻴﺴﺠﺗوﻲﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟارﺎﻃ،
،صﺎﺧدﺪﻋ،ﺔرادو٣٩-٥٦.
٣- ضﺎر،ﻴﻤا)٢٠٢٠(ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌا،ﻴﻠانوﺎﻌﺘﻟاﺲﻠﺠﻣلودﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا :تﺎﺳارﺪﻠﻟﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟاﺔﻠﺠﳌا،ةرﺎﺘﺨﻣبرﺎﺠﺗ
،بادومﻮﻠﻌﻟاوﺔﻴﺑﺘﻟﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟاﺔﺴﺳﺆﳌا،ﺔﻴﻓاﺮﻐا٦،١-٣١.
٤- ﺪﻤﺤﻣ،ﻴﻟا)٢٠٢٠(تﺎﺳارﺪﻠﻟﺔﺼﻨﺴﳌاﺔﻠﺠﻣ،ﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟادﻼﺒﻟاﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗتﻻﺎﺠﻣ،
،ﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟاوﺔﺮﻌﻟا٧٠،٣٤ -٥١.
٥- ﺪﻤﺤﻣ،اﺮﻌﻟاوﺪﻤﺣأ،ﺎﻘﻟا)٢٠١٨(،ﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌاﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺳاإلﻮﺤﺘﻟاﺎرودوﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧ،
،ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟاوﺔﺳﺪﻨﻟاوةرﺎﻤﻌﻟاﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟاﺔﻠﺠﳌا١)١(،١-١٣.
٦- ةرادﻺﻟﻲﻣﻮﻘﻟاﺪﻌﳌا)٢٠٢٠(ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟافاﺪأﻦﻣﺮﺸﻋيدﺎافﺪﻟاوﺮﺼﻣ،)نﺪﻣﺔﻴﻠﺤﻣتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻣو
ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﻣ(ﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟاﺮﺼﻣﺔرﻮﺟ،ﺔﻤﻛﻮاﺰﻛﺮﻣ،.
٧-  تﺎﻣﻼﻌﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﺌﻴﻟا)٢٠٢٠(ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﳌا ﺮﺼﻋ ﻞﺧﺪﺗ ﺮﺼﻣ ، .Available at:
020.. Accessed on: 12 December 2https://sis.gov.eg/Story/169475?lang=ar ٨-  ﺪﻤﺣأ ،ناﻮﺿرو ﺪﺣأ ،يﺮﺴ ؛ﺮﺎﻃ ،ﺪﻣﺎﺣ)٢٠١٦( ةﺪﻳﺪا نﺪﳌا ﻋ ﺔﻴﻛﻟا نﺪﳌا ﻞﺧﺪﻣ تﺎﺳﺎﻌا ،
،ﺔﻀاثﻮﺤﺒﻟاﺔﻠﺠﻣ،ﺮﺼﻣ٢٠،٧٩ -٩٩.
٩- لﺎﻤﺟ،)٢٠١٩(ﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟانﺪﳌاﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﻲﻌﻟايﺪﺘﻨﳌا،رﺎﺘﺑرودوﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا،.
١٠- ﺔﻤﻴﻄﻓ،ﺢﻳﺎﺳ)٢٠١٩(ارود،ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌالﻮﺣلووﺪﻟاﺮﻤﺗﺆﳌا،ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌ
ﺔﻨاﺮﻟاتاﻐﺘﻟاﻞﻇ :ﻲﺮﻌﻟاﻲﻃاﺮﻘﻤﻳﺪﻟاﺰﻛﺮﳌا،قﺎﻓآوﻊﻗاو / ﺎادآوﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟاﻐﻠﻟاﺨﻣﻊﻣ نوﺎﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑﺎﻴﻧﺎﳌأ
ةﺪﻴﻠﺒﻟاﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ٢نﻟﺮﺑ،.
١١- فﻻﻮﺳ،ﻢﻴﻠﺳ)٢٠١٩(ﺎﻗﻼﻋوﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌا،،ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاوﺔﻴﺠﻴﺗاﺳﺔﻠﺠﻣ،ﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﳌاﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟﺎﺑ٩،١٧٩-١٩٦.
١٢-  ﺪﻤﺣأ ،ﺎﺻ)٢٠١٨(ﻴﻛﺬﻟا نﺪﳌا  ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻮﻠﻄﳌا ﺔﺮﺸﻟا دراﻮﳌا تﺎﻳﺎﻔﻜﻟ ﺔﻈﻔﺤﻣ ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ، :ﺔﺳارد
ثﺤﺒﻠﻟ ةرﺎﺠﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠ ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ،نﺪﳌا ةرادإو تﺎﻣﻠﻌﳌا ﺎﻴﺟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ءاﺧو نﻴﻤﻳدﺎﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﺟو ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﻋﻼﻄﺘﺳا
اةرﺎﺠﺘﻟاﺔﻴﻠ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟ،طﻮﻴﺳأﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ٦٤،٦٧ -١٠٠.
١٣- ﻋ،ﺪﻤﺤﻣ)٢٠١٩(ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﳌاﺔﻣﺎﻗإﻢﻋد ﺎرودوﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟاتﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌاﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ، :ﺪﺒﻋﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌ ﺔﻟﺎﺣﺔﺳارد
تﺎﻣﻠﻌﳌاوتﺎﺒﺘﻜﻤﻠﻟﺔﺮﺼﳌاﺔﻴﻌﻤا،تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌاوتﺎﺒﺘﻜﳌامﻮﻌﻟﺔﻴﻟوﺪﻟاﺔﻠﺠﳌا،ضﺎﺮﻟاﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﺑﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟاﺰﺰﻌﻟا
و،ﻒﻴﺷر٦)١(،١٧٤-٢١١.
١٤- ﺔﻠﻴﻤﺟ،ﻂﺑاﺮﻣ)٢٠٢٠(ﺮﻀﺧدﺎﺼﺘﻗتﺎرﺎﻘﻣ، :نﺪﻣﺤﻧءاﺮﻀﺧﻒﺋﺎﻇﺑﺔﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻳﻢﻈﻨﻠﻟﺔﻣاﺪﺘﺴﻣةرادإ
،صﺎﺧدﺪﻋ،ﺔرادوﺔﻴﻧﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟاتﺎﺳارﺪﻠﻟةرﺎﻨﳌاﺔﻟﺪﺠﻣ،ﺔﻴﻛذ٦٣-٨٢.
١٥- ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﻤﻌﻟاتﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﳌاوﻖﻓاﺮﳌاونﺎﺳةرازو)٢٠٢٠(ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺗاﺳإﺔؤر،،ﺮﺼﻣناﺮﻤﻌﻠﻟتارﺎﳌاوتارﺪﻘﻟاﺔﻴﻤﻧ
بﺎﺒﺸﻠﻟﺔﻳدﺎﻴﻘﻟاﺔﻴﺮﻌﻟاﺮﺼﻣﺔرﻮﻤﺟ،.
ﺔﻤﺻﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻴﻘﺮﻓإﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟانﺪﻤﻠﻟﺪﺋارجذﻮﻤﻨﻛﺮﺼﻣةﺪﻳﺪاﺔراد
11
ً ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ :ﺔﻴﻨﺟﻊﺟاﺮﳌا
1- Bhushan, B., Khamparia, A., Sagayam, K. M., Sharma, S. K., Ahad, M. A., & Debnath, N. C.
(2020), Blockchain for smart cities: A review of architectures, integration trends and future
research directions. Sustainable Cities and Society, 61, 102360.
2- Kawyitri, N., & Shekhar, A. (2020), Assessing vulnerability and capacity of Bhubaneswar as a
progressive smart-city: An empirical case study of Fani Cyclone impact on the city. International
Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 101986.
3- Maccani, G., Connolly, N., McLoughlin, S., Puvvala, A., Karimikia, H., & Donnellan, B. (2020),
An emerging typology of IT governance structural mechanisms in smart cities. Government
Information Quarterly, 37(4), 101499.
4- Masik, G., Sagań, I., & Scott, J. W. (2021), Smart City strategies and new urban development
policies in the Polish context. Cities, 108, 102970.
5- Myeong, S., Jung, Y., & Lee, E. (2018), A study on determinant factors in smart city
development: An analytic hierarchy process analysis. Sustainability, 10(8), 2606.
6- Prasad, D., & Alizadeh, T. (2020), What makes Indian cities smart? A policy analysis of smart
cities mission. Telematics and Informatics, 55, 101466.
7- Saborido, R., & Alba, E. (2020), Software systems from smart city vendors. Cities, 101, 102690.
8- Vandercruysse, L., Buts, C., & Dooms, M. (2020), A typology of Smart City services: The case of
Data Protection Impact Assessment. Cities, 104, 102731.
9- Westraadt, L., & Calitz, A. (2020), A modelling framework for integrated smart city planning and
management. Sustainable Cities and Society, 63, 102444.
ً ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ :ﻧﻊﻗاﻮﻣ
1- http://www.mhuc.gov.eg/Programs/Index/132
2- https://cutt.us/FjTNa
3- https://cutt.us/HcDmn
4- https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/132575?lang=ar
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
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  • G Masik
  • I Sagań
  • J W Scott
Masik, G., Sagań, I., & Scott, J. W. (2021), Smart City strategies and new urban development policies in the Polish context. Cities, 108, 102970.