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Study on key technology of mobile flood control wall for underground space entrance and exit
Abstract
With the rapid development of urban underground space, flood control measures based on sandbags can no longer meet its flood control requirements. This paper studies a new mobile flood control wall based on the entrance and exit of urban underground space. The mobile flood control wall is composed of baffles, bottom plates, and struts of aluminum alloy. The working principle is as follows: increasing the friction between the bottom plate and the ground by using the vertical component of the upstream water pressure. This paper first carries out the size design, then carries on the typical analysis based on the hydrological data of a certain subway station, then uses the material mechanics method to verify the material strength, and finally verifies the model’s safety and anti-leakage ability through model tests. Through the material mechanics method, the safety factor k = 1.14 > 1, the strength meets the requirements; the impermeability is verified by the model test through the model test, and the anti-sliding stability safety factor k = 2.36 > 1.10 is calculated from the data to ensure the stability and safety of the flood control wall. By verifying the feasibility of the new mobile flood control wall, it has a positive reference significance for urban underground space flood control.
... Therefore, studying the flood intrusion process of the subway system under malfunction of the water retaining facilities is conducive to improving the subway's comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities, and has very realistic economic and social benefits for promoting the sustainable development of the city. At present, the research on flood disasters in subway stations mainly focuses on three aspects: the formation mechanism and influencing factors of flood disasters in subway stations [11][12][13], the flood vulnerability assessment of subway stations, and the simulation analysis of the flood disaster model of the subway station [14][15][16]. The simulation analysis of the flood disaster model of the subway station includes physical experiment research and numerical simulation research. ...
... Buildings 2022,12, 853 ...
In recent years, heavy rain and waterlogging accidents in subway stations have occurred many times around the world. With the comprehensive development trend of underground space, the accidents caused by flood flow intruding complex subway stations and other underground complexes in extreme precipitation disasters will be lead to more serious casualties and property damage. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct numerical simulation of flood intrusion process under malfunction of flood retaining facilities in complex subway stations. In order to prevent floods from intruding subway stations and explore coping strategies, in this study, the simulation method was used to study the entire process of flood intrusion into complex subway stations when the flood retaining facilities fail in extreme rain and flood disasters that occur once-in-a-century. The three-dimensional numerical simulation model was constructed by taking a subway interchange station with a property development floor in Nanning as a prototype. Based on the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model method, the inundated area in the subway station during the process of flood intrusion from the beginning to the basic stability was simulated, and it was found that the property development floor has serious large-scale water accumulation under extreme rainfall conditions. Through the dynamic monitoring of the flood water level depth at important positions such as the entrances of the evacuation passages, and the analysis of the influence of the design structure and location distribution of different passages on the personnel evacuation plan, it was found that the deep water accumulation at the entrances of the narrow, long, and multi-run emergency safety passages are not conducive to the evacuation of personnel. Finally, the flow of flood water into the subway tunnel through the subway station was calculated. The research results provide certain reference and guidance for the safety design of subway stations under extreme rainfall climatic conditions.
... Ni et al. [13] elaborated on the application prospects and structural characteristics of light mobile flood control walls, combined with theoretical calculations and finite element analysis techniques and focused on explaining the structural forces and failure modes of light mobile flood control walls. Zhang et al. [14] studied a new type of mobile flood control wall based on urban underground space entrances and exits. e stability and safety of flood control walls were analyzed through the material mechanics method, which provided a positive reference for urban underground space flood control. ...
The current natural environment is unpredictable with heavy rains and floods happening from time to time. In order to ensure the safety of underground workers, infrastructure, and rail transit, a mobile and expandable underground flood control wall was optimized and designed. The use of mortise-and-tenon structure splicing and modular extension design effectively increases the stability and useable area of the flood wall. The finite element analysis software was used to simulate and study the force of each component under combined loads, such as static water, dynamic water, and impact, to analyze the stability performance of the assembly such as anti-sliding, anti-tilting, and internal stress. The verification results show that when the designed and studied underground flood control wall equipment is fully deployed, the maximum stress is 220.762 MPa, and the maximum offset distance is 32.334 mm, which are all within the safe range. It provides innovative ideas for the optimization of the related flood control wall structure.
Against the background of the rapid development of social economy and advanced industrial manufacturing, emerging technologies are sweeping the world. The overall planning of urban space is also gradually developing in the direction of "intelligence". The real estate market has been booming in recent years. As a result, the available land resources on the surface are declining. It first gives a general introduction to the digital twin technology and operating rules, and then introduces the analytic hierarchy process and the complexity evolution process model for specific analysis. It first determines the relative weight vector, and then verifies the consistency of the judgment matrix to obtain the simulated probability density function. For the calculation of underground space safety accident risk assessment, the Bayesian network is used for evaluation. This facilitates disaster warnings of possible and ongoing accidents and reduces the adverse consequences of accidents. Then, the digital twin technology is applied to the analysis of underground space visualization, underground construction and underground disaster prevention monitoring. During the construction stage, the bottom of the upper structure column has changed a lot. The difference between the difference between the foundation difference between the adjacent color spectrum column of the upper structure is relatively mild. When digging a large area of ground soil, the foundation dropped to 5.6 mm. When the soil on the side of the pile was removed, the ground building was basically settle down, 0.8 mm. When the structure of the pile side soil is completed, it indicates that the technology of the pile foundation base of the surface building is basically. Finish. Subsequent sidewalk soil has almost no effect on the upper structure. At this stage, the final deposition difference is 2.427 mm, which meets the requirements of the neighboring column base in the current regulations. Finally, I studied the prevention of disaster prevention in the underground space, simulated the accident scene, and obtained the most suitable imaging equipment for the monitoring of disaster. After the prevention of disaster testing and simulation accidents for underground space, the most suitable imaging equipment for preventing disaster testing was obtained. Its formal digital twin technology.
Mobile flood protection systems provide a standardized flood protection method with high reliability. A comprehensive test site for mobile flood wall was established with the support of real applications, which provided opportunities to perform various tests. The anchor plate installation, seepage characteristics, and stress behavior of mobile flood protection systems were investigated through a process test, a water impounding test, and a post loading/unloading test. Test results indicated that installing anchor plates either by direct fixing or by preopened slots and eyes satisfy the construction and normal work requirements. However, the former is preferable over the latter. The mobile flood protection wall leaks when filled with water, and the leakage changes exponentially with the level. The leakage accelerates when the water level exceeds 1.5 m, thus registering 300 L/h at the 1.7 m level. In the post loading test (0–100 kN), concrete plastic deformation was first observed. Then, residual displacement was developed in the posts. The stressing process indicated that the failure process in the post, anchor plate, and base concrete system propagates from the concrete on both sides of the anchor plates toward the water side.
The Moldova is facing an increased incidence of floods. For these reasons, the involvement of state in flood protection is rising. Despite the fact that the Moldova is not a member of the European Union, its government follows legislation on prevention, risk assessment and flood protection which is closely connected with landscape. The article deals with the possibilities of using mobile flood barriers in this territory as possible protection of the community.
Underground construction in China is featured by large scale, high speed, long construction period, complex operation and frustrating situations regarding project safety. Various accidents have been reported from time to time, resulting in serious social impact and huge economic loss. This paper presents the main progress in the safety risk management of underground engineering in China over the last decade, i.e. (1) establishment of laws and regulations for safety risk management of underground engineering, (2) implementation of the safety risk management plan, (3) establishment of decision support system for risk management and early-warning based on information technology, and (4) strengthening the study on safety risk management, prediction and prevention. Based on the analysis of the typical accidents in China in the last decade, the new challenges in the safety risk management for underground engineering are identified as follows: (1) control of unsafe human behaviors; (2) technological innovation in safety risk management; and (3) design of safety risk management regulations. Finally, the strategies for safety risk management of underground engineering in China are proposed in six aspects, i.e. the safety risk management system and policy, law, administration, economy, education and technology.
The world-wide trend of increased urbanisation creates problems for expanding and newly-developing cities alike. Population increase leads to an increased demand for reliable infrastructure, nowadays combined with a need for increased energy efficiency and a higher environmental awareness of the public. The use of underground space can help cities meet these increased demands while remaining compact, or find the space needed to include new functions in an existing city landscape. In many cases, underground solutions to urban problems are only considered if all other (above ground) options have been exhausted. When underground solutions are considered and evaluated from the planning or initial project stages onwards, more optimal solutions will become possible.
The paper presents a review of structural mea-
sures that were taken to cope with floods in some cities along
the Danube River, such as Vienna, Bratislava, and Belgrade.
These cities were also considered as case studies within the
KULTURisk project. The structural measures are reviewed
and compared to each other according to the type, duration of
application, the return period of the design flood event, how
the project measures are integrated into spatial planning and
the problems that occur in the flood defences today. Based on
this review, some suggestions are given on how to improve
the flood risk management in flood-prone areas.
Flood impact is one of the most significant disasters in the world. More than half of global flood damages occur in Asia. Causes of floods are due to natural factors such as heavy rainfall, high floods and high tides, etc., and human factors such as blocking of channels or aggravation of drainage channels, improper land use, deforestation in headwater regions, etc. Floods result in losses of life and damage properties. Population increase results in more urbanization, more impervious area and less infiltration and greater flood peak and runoff. Problems become more critical due to more severe and frequent flooding likely caused by climate change, socio-economic damage, population affected, public outcry and limited funds. Flood loss prevention and mitigation includes structural flood control measures such as construction of dams or river dikes and non-structural measures such as flood forecasting and warning, flood hazard and risk management, public participation and institutional arrangement, etc. This paper describes concepts, policy, plan and operation on integrated urban flood disaster and risk management. In most developing countries, flood disaster management activities are handled by government. Participation of nongovernmental agencies and private sectors are very limited. Activities are exercised rather independently without proper coordination or integration. Flood disaster management in developing countries is mostly reactive responding to prevailing disaster situations (emergency response and recovery). Reactive response should be changed to proactive response to increase effectiveness of management and reduce losses of life and properties. Proactive disaster management requires more participation from various governments, non-governmental and private agencies and public participation. It involves more effort and time, more budget, equipments, facilities and human resources which leads to integration of flood disaster management for both long term and short term activities. Strategic framework on integrated flood disaster management includes four cyclic steps namely: 1) preparedness before flood impact such as flood forecasting and warning; 2) readiness upon flood arrival; 3) emergency responses during flood impact and; 4) recovery and rehabilitation after flood impact. Examples on urban flood disaster and risk management in Thailand are illustrated and discussed. Conclusions and recommendations for further improvement are provided.
The flood-control wall is a kind of structure widely used in Shanghai to prevent the overflow of river water. As the flood-control walls are usually used in wharves, the hitting of cargo ships often cause the damages of the wall. In this paper, the damage of a flood-control wall because of the sinking of the cargo ships is evaluated by back analysis of the displacement data of the wall measured in the field. Analytical and numerical methods are adopted to perform back analyses. From the results of back analyses, it is found that although the horizontal displacement is obvious, the bearing capacity of the flood-control wall can meet the requirements of the accidental load resulted from the sinking of the ship and it won’t fail.
Flood damages have been increasing in recent years, and the cost to our economy has totaled many billions of euros. The system solutions from ThyssenKrupp GfT Bautechnik are based on steel sheet pilings that are ideally suited for protecting and strengthening dikes. In combination with our equipment technology, they can be pile driven in an environmentally friendly manner without damaging the material. The constructions, which are concealed and integrated into the dikes, have a stabilizing function and form an insurmountable barrier against floodwaters. When water levels threaten to overflow the tops of dikes or jetty walls, top structures providing height extension can quickly be assembled. Dikes that are secured with sheet piling walls can prevent millions of euros in case of flood for those living behind the barriers.
The International Conference on Coastal Engineering (ICCE) is a biennial conference held under the auspices of the Coastal Engineering Research Council of the COPRI (Coasts, Oceans, Ports, Rivers Institute) of the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Proceedings of the ICCE are provided here, with papers covering a wide range of topics including coastal waves, nearshore currents, coastal structures, sediment transport, coastal morphology, beach nourishment, and coastal management. To access the most recent issue, click on the "Current" link above. To access previous Proceedings, click on the "Archives" link.
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This paper presents a simulation tool that allows local councils, emergency services organisations, and communities to explore the viability and details of sandbagging depots and their operation as one of the
components in a preparation and response strategy to flooding. The tool was developed in collaboration with Victorian State Emergency Services and the City of Port Phillip Council. The focus of this case study
is the coastal suburb of Elwood, which has a canal through its centre and a worrying increase in damaging flash floods. The tool that was developed is suitable for use in any location, once relevant geographical
information and flood maps are supplied.
Uncertainties in design variables and design equations have a significant impact on the safety of
geotechnical structures like retaining walls and slopes. This paper presents a possible framework for
obtaining the partial safety factors based on reliability approach for different random variables affecting the
stability of a reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall and a slope under static loading conditions.
Reliability analysis is carried out by Mean First Order Second Moment Method, Point Estimate Method,
Monte Carlo Simulation and Response Surface Methodology. A target reliability index β = 3 is set and
partial safety factors for each random variable are calculated based on different coefficient of variations of
the random variables. The study shows that although deterministic analysis reveals a safety factor greater
than 1.5 which is considered to be safe in conventional approach, reliability analysis indicates quite high
failure probability due to variation of soil properties. The results also reveal that a higher factor of safety is
required for internal friction angle φ, while almost negligible values of safety factors are required for soil
unit weight γ in case of cantilever retaining wall and soil unit weight γ and cohesion c in case of slope.
Importance of partial safety factors is shown by analyzing two simple geotechnical structures. However, it
can be applied for any complex system to achieve economization.
Mobile flood protection walls
- Kádár
International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS)
- K Hincz
Removable floodwall system, components and method of installation
- R S Adler
- R A Ellman
Flood control and drainage engineering
- S N Ghosh