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Moluscos de importancia agrícola en Cienfuegos
... En el municipio Cienfuegos Herrera, et al. (2013), detectaron tres especies en dos organopónicos semiprotegidos, P. griseola, S. octona y L. floridana, donde P. griseola fue la especie que afectó un mayor número de hortalizas con nueve hospedantes, donde coinciden los cultivos de L. sativa y D. Carota en ambas unidades. Nodarse, et al. (2019), refieren la presencia de moluscos plagas en organopónicos de cuatro municipios Cienfuegueros: Aguada, Cruces, Cumanayagua y Cienfuegos, además de la reportada por Herrera, et al. (2013), la especie Z. auricoma, que incidieron durante la investigación sobre los cultivos bajo condiciones de organopónicos. ...
The investigation was developed during the months of April 2017 to May of the 2018. The leaves of the vegetables selected for the evaluations belonged to the organical area T-15 belonging to the Urban Farm of Cienfuegos, these were Lactuca sativa L. and Spinacia oleracea L. mature mollusks they were collected in stonemasons infested for the evaluations under laboratory conditions. The collected mollusks were evaluated to temperatures of ± 27-30°C, and in quarantine during 15 days. They fed with the same present vegetables in the moment of the collection and the day previous to the assembly of the experiment they were in fast for 24 hours. They were carried out 5 replicas with 10 treatments where 2 mollusks were placed by treatment according to the species, and they fed with the leaves. The consumption of leaves was carried out in a period of three successive days. For it was weighed it each leaf before placing it in the recipient and last 24 h retired to weigh it and to calculate the daily leaf consumption of the plant. The species plagues during the evaluated stage devoured more than 30% of their weight in 24 h. The observations during the three days in both consumptions of leaves of the plants showed variability in feeding with relationship to the time and the species on the leaf. The consumption has more than enough L. sativa it was varied on parts of the leaf by the species that increased the feeding to the 72 h; L. floridana was the species it plagues with more consumption in S. oleracea with 0,330 g/24 h.
Las babosas son plagas importantes de cultivos en muchos ecosistemas a nivel mundial y también en Colombia. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la actividad molusquicida de tres extractos de Agavaceae; Agave americana, Furcraea bedinghausii y F. andina, como alternativas para el control de babosas en papa criolla, obtenidas por dos métodos de extracción, jugo y fracción. Se realizó una investigación experimental en un ensayo de campo en un cultivo de papa. Tres tratamientos consistieron en jugos de las tres plantas mencionadas al 20% y otros tres con extractos acuosos de las hojas picadas de las plantas a 4kg/10L de agua, un tratamiento con Tierra de Diatomeas como estándar de producción y un testigo sin tratamiento. Los extractos vegetales de Furcraea andina, tanto en jugo como en trozos, obtuvieron más del 60% de eficacia técnica en papa criolla con diferencia estadística con el control y resultados similares al testigo de producción estándar, Tierra de Diatomeas. Los tratamientos que lograron mayor estabilidad para reducir el daño por babosas en papa fueron los extractos vegetales de Furcraea andina, tanto en forma de jugo como en fracciones.
Slugs are an important pest of crops in many ecosystems
worldwide and in Colombia too. This research aimed to
evaluate the molluscicide activity of three Agavaceae extracts;
Agave americana, Furcraea bedinghausii and F. andina, as
alternatives to control slugs in Creole potato, obtained by two
extraction methods, juice and fraction. An experimental
investigation was carried out in a field trial at a potato
cultivation. Three treatments consisted of the juices of the
three mentioned plants at 20% and another three with
aqueous extracts of the chopped leaves of the plants at
4kg/10L of water, a treatment with Diatomaceous Earth asproduction standard, and a control without treatment. The
vegetable extracts of Furcraea andina, both in juice and in
pieces, got more than 60% of technical efficacy in Creole
potatoes with statistical difference with the control and similar
results to the standard production witness, Diatomaceous
Earth. The treatments that achieved greater stability for
reducing damage by slugs in potatoes were the plant extracts
of Furcraea andina, both in the form of juice and in fractions
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