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Taxonomic revision of the genus Rhopalapion Schilsky, 1906 (Coleoptera, Apionidae) with description of Rhopalapion celatum n. sp. from the Turanian Region
Abstract
The genus Rhopalapion Schilsky, 1906 is revised and its name is applied to Apionidae with elongate body, elongate antennal club and strong sexual dimorphism in the length of rostrum, whose biology is related to Malvaceae belonging to the genus Alcea L., 1753. The morphological study of various populations hitherto attributed to Rhopalapion longirostre (Olivier, 1807) allowed the identification of a further species, Rhopalapion celatum n. sp. (♂♀, type locality: S-Iran: Fars Province: Pâsârgâd: vicinity tomb of Cyrus), distributed in Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. Lectotype (♂) of Apion longirostre Olivier, 1807 is designated. The following new combinations are proposed for the species formerly assigned to Rhopalapion: Pseudaspidapion leptorostre (Voss, 1959) n. comb. and Harpapion coelestipenne (Voss, 1962) n. comb. The genera Anacrapion Mazur, 2011 and Lopatinapion Friedman, 2013 are provisionally removed from the tribe Malvapiini Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990 and considered members of the supertribe Aspidapiitae Alonso-Zarazaga, 1990 with no tribal attribution.
... The genus Rhopalapion Schilsky, 1906 contains only two species: R. celatum Giusto, 2021a and R. longirostre (Olivier, 1807) [1]. The bilaterally flattened, elongate body, elongate antennal club and elongate rostrum in females make the genus readily distinguishable within the family Brentidae [1,2]. ...
... The genus Rhopalapion Schilsky, 1906 contains only two species: R. celatum Giusto, 2021a and R. longirostre (Olivier, 1807) [1]. The bilaterally flattened, elongate body, elongate antennal club and elongate rostrum in females make the genus readily distinguishable within the family Brentidae [1,2]. ...
Since the 1960s, the range of Rhopalapion longirostre has rapidly expanded from central Asia to almost all of Europe; it has also been introduced to North America. This expansion is an expression of this weevil’s response to climate change. The phenology of Rhopalapion has been comprehensively described. Its feeding and development are associated with plants from the genus Alcea. Even though more than 300 scientific papers have been written on various aspects of R. longirostre, its immatures and certain kinds of behaviours have yet to be described. The aims of this study were (1) to provide new information on the biology of this species, in particular with regard to the morphology of the preimaginal stages, and (2) to present new observations of its reproductive and developmental behaviour. A total of 73 larvae and 67 pupae were collected from 20 hollyhock plants. Of these, 21 mature larvae and 42 pupae (21 male and 21 female) were measured and described morphologically. The descriptions of both larvae and pupae revealed a number of original features, not previously observed on known immatures of Brentidae. The sympatric development of caterpillars of Pexicopia malvella (Hübner, (1805)) in hollyhock fruit was recorded as a pathogenic factor limiting the numbers of R. longirostre.
... It prefers meadows, cultivated and uncultivated lands, edges of roads and paths, anthropized areas, and gardens in xeric or xerothermophilous habitats, from low altitudes (190 m a.s.l.) to mountains up to 1,550 m a.s.l. (Giusto 2021a). MATERIAL EXAMINED. ...
An annotated catalogue of Coleoptera Curculionoidea of “Monte Grappa” Biosphere Reserve is presented. The 528 species surveyed, divided into 7 families and 283 genera and subgenera, include the 265 species already known, plus the 263 are reported for the first time for the area.
Faunistic, chorological and ecological information is given for all the species together with 1.015 illustrations of distinctive species, collecting techniques and selected habitats.
In addition the database of 20.000 specimens collected can be found at: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7497691
Lesvos is the third biggest island of Greece, part of the East Aegean Islands and located near the coastline of Anatolia peninsula. In contrast to other islands, such as Crete, Corfu, Samos and Rhodes, the island’s arthropod fauna was understudied and with many literature gaps and for this reason, extensive research was required. Samplings took place from April 2019 to January 2022 by using pitfall traps, collecting specimens by hand and collecting and isolating galls. At first, samplings with pitfall traps took place between 2nd March 2021 and 5th May 2021 from 28 sampling stations in the area of Pirgoi Thermis. In addition, arthropods were collected by hand throughout the island of Lesvos between April 2019 and January 2022. At the same time, from March 2021 to January 2022, gall samplings from various host plants took place and they were isolated in order to collect emerged adults, parasitoids and inquilines. Consequently, all collected arthropods were photographed with a camera and, then, the photos were uploaded on the online platform iNaturalist in order to fully record the place and the date of each observation. In total, 339 different arthropod species were recorded from 29 orders, from which 12 species are probably new for science and 20 species are new for Greece. Moreover, 33 alien and invasive arthropod species were collected as well as 16 endemic species. Finally, whether Lesvos is an area of endemism is under discussionas well as the value of studying the local fauna to the benefit of agriculturists, doctors and citizens.
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