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Phases of Team Development (Update for 2021)
Abstract
Teams (agile or otherwise) go through phases of development, and Bruce Tuckman established a popular framework on the subject. According to Tuckman, all phases—Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning—are necessary for teams to grow, tackle problems, find solutions, plan work, and deliver results. Scott M. Graffius developed a related custom illustration, Phases of Team Development, which he revises periodically. He released an updated version of the visual on January 4, 2021. This article features the new version of the Phases of Team Development illustration along with a brief overview of the characteristics and strategies for each phase.
Five Phases of Team Development
1. Forming
Characteristics of Forming include displaying eagerness, socializing, generally polite tone, sticking to safe topics, being unclear about how one fits in, and some anxiety and questioning. Strategies for this phase include taking the ‘lead,’ being highly visible, facilitating introductions, providing the ‘big picture,’ establishing clear expectations, communicating success criteria, and ensuring that response times are quick.
2. Storming
Traits of Storming include resistance, lack of participation, conflict related to differences of feelings and opinions, competition, high emotions, and starting to move towards group norms. Strategies for this phase include requesting and encouraging feedback, identifying issues and facilitating their resolution, normalizing matters, and building trust by honoring commitments.
3. Norming
Features of Norming include an improved sense of purpose and understanding of goals, higher confidence, improved commitment, team members are engaged and supportive, relief—lowered anxiety, and starting to develop cohesion. Strategies for this phase include recognizing individual and team efforts, proving opportunities for learning and feedback, and monitoring the ‘energy’ of the team.
4. Performing
Characteristics of Performing include higher motivation, elevated trust and empathy, individuals typically deferring to the team's needs, effective production, consistent performance, and demonstrations of interdependence and self-management (also referred to as self-organization). Strategies for this phase include ‘guiding from the side’ (minimal intervention), celebrating successes, and encouraging collective decision-making and problem-solving.
5. Adjourning
Typical traits of Adjourning (also referred to as Transitioning or Mourning) include a shift to process orientation, sadness, recognition of team and individual efforts, and disbanding. Strategies for this phase include recognizing change, providing an opportunity for summative team evaluations (which may go by ‘lessons learned,’ post-project review, retrospective, or another label), providing an opportunity for individual acknowledgments, and celebrating the team's accomplishments—which may involve a party and possibly an ‘after-party.’
To learn more, and for downloadable high-resolution versions of the illustration, visit bit.ly/teams-21.
#Tuckman #BruceTuckman #Team #Development #Dynamics #Performance #Leadership #TeamDevelopment #TeamDynamics #TeamPerformance #TeamLeadership #Forming #Storming #Norming #Performing #Adjourning #Agile #ProjectManagement
A Certification/Training Company Stole Scott M. Graffius' Copyrighted Property and Used It Word-For-Word: This Scandal is a Big "Dumpster Fire" * * * * * It's important to be optimistic and focus on a bright future. However, we must also take a stand against those who commit evil acts, such as the violation of intellectual property rights. Copyright infringement, in particular, is a deplorable act of intellectual theft that displays a blatant disregard for professionalism, morality, ethics, and the law. It undermines the hard work and innovation of others and is a shameful, unprofessional, dishonest, immoral, unethical, and illegal practice. Those who engage in copyright infringement should be identified and held accountable for their actions. Taking a stand against those who commit evil acts helps ensure that justice is served and that others are protected from harm. * * * * * IP rights are so important that IP theft is a federal crime. * * * * * Copyright infringement is a deplorable act of intellectual theft, displaying a flagrant disregard for professionalism, morality, ethics, and the law. It undermines the hard work and innovation of others and is a disgraceful, unprofessional, dishonest, immoral, unethical, and illegal practice. * * * * * Ensuring the integrity of intellectual property is paramount. Graffius is resolute in protecting and enforcing his copyrights and other IP rights. * * * * * For the full story, see the accompanying PDF or visit https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/dumpster-fire.html * * * * * Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, creator, multi-award-winning author, and international public speaker. Founder and CEO of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions™ and subsidiary Exceptional Agility™, he has generated over $1.9 billion for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he has served. Graffius and content from his books, talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by Microsoft, Oracle, Broadcom, Cisco, Gartner, Project Management Institute, IEEE, National Academy of Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Tennis Association, Yale University, and others. He delights audiences with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops on agile project management, AI, video game development, strategic alignment, the science of high-performance teams, and more. To date, he's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. His full bio is available at https://scottgraffius.com. * * * * * Keywords: Adjourning, Agile, Agile Leader, Agile Teams, ALPC Agile Leader Professional Certification, Business, Certification, Certification Community, Certification Industry, Certification and Training Company, CertiProf, CertiProf Agile Leader Certification, CertiProf Dumpster Fire, CertiProf Scandal, Copyright, Copyright Infringement, Dumpster Fire, Forming, IP, IP Theft, Norming, Performing, Personal Development, Phases of Team Development, Professional Development, Project Management, Scrum, Storming, Theft of Intellectual Property, Training Community, Training Industry * * * * * Hashtags: #Adjourning #Agile #AgileCertification #AgileLeader #AgileTeams #ALPC #Business #Certification #CertificationIndustry #CertiProf #CertiProfDumpsterFire #CertiProfOnline #Copyright #CopyrightInfringement #DumpsterFire #Forming #IP #IPTheft #ITCertification #Management #Norming #Performing #PersonalDevelopment #PhasesOfTeamDevelopment #ProfessionalDevelopment #ProjectManagement #Scrum #Storming #Unprofessional #WeAreCertiProf
Robert W. Malone, MD Used Scott M. Graffius’ Copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ in His Book: The Problem is Malone's Unauthorized, Word-for-Word, Commercial, Significant Amount, and Unattributed Use was Not 'Fair Use' and Harmed Graffius' Intellectual Property * * * * * Intellectual Property (IP) — including copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, patents, and algorithms — is a strategic asset that provides significant value. IP rights ensure creators can benefit from their hard work, discovery, and innovation. Infringement can damage the marketability and value of the IP. * * * * * IP rights are so important that IP theft is a federal crime. * * * * * Scott M. Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyrights and other IP rights. When others infringe on Graffius’ IP rights, situations generally fall into one of two categories: (1) IP owner Graffius notifies the offending party of their infringement and the required remediation, and the matter is resolved; or (2) IP owner Graffius notifies the offending party of their infringement and the required remediation, and the offending party’s action/inaction necessitates that qualified attorney and/or a U.S. agency is engaged, and the matter is resolved.
Most situations fall under category 1. However, some offending parties seem determined to make an already bad situation worst; they fall under category 2. * * * * * This article covers the news that Robert W. Malone, MD used Scott M. Graffius’ copyrighted ‘Phases of Team Development’ intellectual property in his book. However: Malone did not request nor receive permission to use Graffius’ intellectual property; Malone used Graffius’ copyrighted content word-for-word; Malone used Graffius’ intellectual property commercially, for Malone’s financial gain; Malone used a significant amount of Graffius' copyrighted property; and Malone did not quote or provide attribution to Graffius, which wrongly leads readers to believe that Malone is the author and owner of Graffius’ copyrighted property. For those reasons, Malone's use of Graffius' IP was clearly not 'fair use' and harmed Graffius' IP. * * * * * This article presents facts — including visuals and additional evidence — and a critical analysis of this serious category 2 situation. * * * * * See the accompanying PDF or visit https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ip-theft.html for the full story. * * * * * Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, thinker, creator, multi-award-winning author, and international keynote speaker. Founder of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions™ and subsidiary Exceptional Agility™, he has generated over $1.9 billion of business value in aggregate for Global Fortune 500 businesses and other organizations he has served. Businesses and industries range from consumer products to e-commerce, entertainment (music, streaming/OTT video, television, film, and games), financial services, government, advanced technology and R&D (including AI), and more. Graffius and content from his books, talks, workshops, and more have been featured and used by businesses, professional associations, governments, and universities around the world. Examples include Microsoft, Oracle, Broadcom, Cisco, Adobe, Gartner, Project Management Institute, IEEE, Qantas, National Academy of Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, EU's European Commission, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Boston University, U.S. National Park Service, Bayer, Ford, London South Bank University, Warsaw University of Technology, U.S. Tennis Association, Hasso Plattner Institute, American Management Association, Virginia Tech, University of Galway Ireland, UC San Diego, Yale University, and others. He delights audiences around the world with dynamic and engaging talks and workshops. He's presented sessions at 91 conferences and other events across 25 countries. Visit https://ScottGraffius.com to learn more. * * * * * Keywords and hashtags: @RWMaloneMD • 978-1510773240 • Lies My Gov't Told Me • 9781510773240 • ISBN-13: 978-1510773240 • Robert Wallace Malone • Award-Winning Agile Project Management Author • @ScottGraffius • IP • Bruce Tuckman • The National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center (IPR Center) • Scott M. Graffius’ Copyrighted Phases of Team Development • Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning • Combats copyright infringement and other intellectual property theft • Department of Homeland Security (DHS) • High Performance Teams • Award-Winning Technology Author • Award-Winning Non-Fiction Author • Award-Winning Business Author • #Copyright • #Crime • #CorporateSpeaker • Team Building • #IP • #InternationalSpeaker • #IPAttorney • #IPTheft • #IPRCenter • Scandal • RW Malone MD • DHS • #Performing • ICE • Copyright • #Tuckman • Robert W. Malone • #Scandal • IP Theft • #Teamwork • #TeamDevelopment • #TeamBuilding • #ScottMGraffius • #TeamDynamics • #RWMaloneMD • #PublicSpeaker • IP Rights • Corporate Speaker • Copyright Lawyer • Copyright Infringement • Copyright Attorney • #Storming • #Speaker • #Plagiarism • #PhasesOfTeamDevelopment • Public Speaking • U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) • International Speaker • Phases of Team Development • Keynote Speaker • #Norming • #LiesMyGovtToldMe • #KeynoteSpeaker • Keynote • Teamwork • Keynoter • IPR Center • Team Dynamics • Team Development • #IPRights • #IPLawyer • Public Speaker • #IntellectualProperty • IP Lawyer • #Forming • IP Attorney • IP Rights Violation • Plagiarism • Speaker • Tuckman • #HighPerformanceTeams • #CopyrightLawyer • #CopyrightInfringement • #CopyrightAttorney • #BruceTuckman • #Adjourning • #Author
Intellectual Property (IP) Theft is a Federal Crime — Featuring a Real Example of IP Infringement and What the IP Owner Did to Enforce His Rights and Protect His Property * * * * * Intellectual Property (IP) — including copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, patents, and algorithms — is a strategic asset that provides significant value. IP rights ensure creators can benefit from their hard work, discovery, and innovation. Infringement can damage the marketability and value of the IP. IP infringement is disgraceful, dishonorable, unprofessional, immoral, unethical, and illegal. IP rights are so important that IP theft is a federal crime. Scott M. Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyrights and other IP rights. When others infringe on Graffius’ IP rights, situations generally fall into one of two categories: (1) IP owner Graffius notifies the offending party of their infringement and the required remediation, and the matter is resolved; or (2) IP owner Graffius notifies the offending party of their infringement and the required remediation, and the offending party’s action/inaction necessitates that qualified attorney and/or the United States government's Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Center is engaged, and the matter is resolved. Most situations fall under category 1. However, some offenders seem determined to make an already bad situation worst; they fall under category 2. This article covers the news of a recent real example of copyright infringement (a category 2 situation) and what the copyright owner did to protect and enforce his rights. It presents facts including visual evidence and a critical analysis of the details. And the article underscores the importance of remaining vigilant. To learn more, see the accompanying PDF or visit https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/ip-rights.html * * * * * About Scott M. Graffius: Scott M. Graffius, PMP, SA, CSP-SM, CSP-PO, CSM, CSPO, ITIL, LSSGB is an agile project management practitioner, consultant, creator, multi- award-winning author, and international public speaker. Founder and CEO of Exceptional PPM and PMO Solutions and subsidiary Exceptional Agility, he has generated over ETH • #theiglooco • #digitalassets • #pudgypenguinsceo • The Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Center • Bobby Ong • NFTs • Innovation • Luca Schnetzler • #Blockchain • Schnetzler (known as “Luca Netz”) • @PudgyPenguins • Intellectual Property • #PudgyPenguins • Pudgy Penguins • #NFTs • #Copyright • #BlockchainTechnology • LSLTTT Holdings, Inc. • Twitter • #Crypto • #IntellectualProperty • #IP • Blockchain • Copyright violation • Scott M. Graffius • Ethereum • #Ethereum • IP Infringement • #Web3 • IP • X • Web3 • Luca Netz • IP Rights • #ViolationOfCopyright • #NFTCommunity • #NFTMarketplace • Intellectual Property Infringement • Violation of Copyright • Copyright Scott M. Graffius • #IPRights • #NFT • #Metaverse • United States Copyright Office (USCO) • Intellectual Property Rights • Scott M. Graffius maintains, enforces, and protects his copyright and other IP rights • #CopyrightViolation • #CopyrightInfringement • #DigitalOwnership • Intellectual Property (IP) provides significant value • Infringement of Graffius’ registered copyright is shown by Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca • Pudgy Penguins CEO Luca Schnetzler • Phases of Team Development • Copyright Infringement • Copyright • @LucaNetz • NFT • Non-fungible token • Peter Yuan Pan • Old Fashion Research • Kronos Research • CRIT Ventures • Kasey Kasey • Founders of LayerZero Labs
Informed by the research of Bruce W. Tuckman and Mary Ann C. Jensen, over 100 subsequent studies, and Scott M. Graffius’ first-hand professional experience with, and analysis of, team leadership and performance, Graffius created his ‘Phases of Team Development’ as a unique perspective and visual conveying the five phases of team development — Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning — inclusive of a graph showing how performance varies by phase, as well as the characteristics and strategies for each phase.
Project Managers, Scrum Masters, Agile Coaches, DevOps Leads, and other leaders can apply the information to help handle challenges or issues experienced by teams. By doing so, they’ll advance the teams’ (and their own) happiness, productivity, and success.
Graffius initially developed his unique material in 2008, and he periodically refreshes it. This article (including the accompanying visual) provides the 2024 update to his ‘Phases of Team Development’ work.
Graffius’ work has “team development” in the title. Alternative terms — which may be interchangeable in the context of this post — include group development, group dynamics, team agility, team building, team coaching, team collaboration, teamcraft, team dynamics, team leadership, team optimization, team performance, team tradecraft, and teamwork.
Check out the full story. It’s here: https://scottgraffius.com/blog/files/teams-2024.html (and a PDF of it is attached).
#Agile #AgileCoach #AgileProjectManagement #Agility #Business #BusinessLeadership #Coaching #Collaboration #DevOps #GroupDynamics #Leadership #PhasesOfTeamDevelopment #ProjectManagement #ProjectManager #Scrum #ScrumMaster #Team #TeamAgility #TeamBuilding #TeamCoaching #TeamCollaboration #TeamDynamics #TeamLeadership #TeamOptimization #TeamPerformance #Teamwork #Tech #TechLeadership #Technology #Tuckman
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.