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Internet of things in health management systems: A review

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International Journal of Communication Systems
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Abstract and Figures

In today's health care context, the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) offers suitability for doctors and patients as we can use them in many medical fields. So, we have emphasized the particular use of the IoT in medicine and health care, such as clinical devices management, medication management, clinical data management, distant medicine, mobile medical care, and individual health management. We have done an organized review to enhance health management systems via many up‐to‐date IoT‐oriented health care applications. The article approbates with the methodological necessities of systematic literature reviews. We have identified several issues caused by the quick acceptance of IoT‐oriented systems' health management. IoT necessitates new safety infrastructure, according to the novel practical principles. Outcomes illustrate that health experts can assist in supplying necessities, information, or standards to improve IoT devices or systems. Also, they are able to present novel fields or applications for which IoT is fit. This survey aids the hospitals and relevant institutions to recognize IoT needs. Also, the article will serve as an initial location for future IoT security management and design. Policymakers and opinion formers need to understand the IoT and its implications.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Internet of things in health management systems: A review
Jinbo Huang
1
| Xianjun Wu
2
| Wendong Huang
1
| Xiaoli Wu
3
| S. Wang
4
1
Scientific Research Center, The People's
Hospital of Maoming City, Guangdong,
China
2
School of Computer, Guangdong
University of Petrochemical Technology,
Maoming, Guangdong, China
3
Department of Burn, The People's
Hospital of Maoming City, Guangdong,
China
4
Guangzhou University of Technology,
Guangzhou, China
Correspondence
Xiaoli Wu, Department of Burn, The
People's Hospital of Maoming City,
Guangdong 525000, China.
Email: ijamies@21cn.com;
xianjun.wu.12@gmail.com
Funding information
Science and Technology Planning Project
of Maoming City Guangdong Province,
China, Grant/Award Numbers: 2019437,
180321121704754
Summary
In today's health care context, the application of the Internet of Things (IoT)
offers suitability for doctors and patients as we can use them in many medical
fields. So, we have emphasized the particular use of the IoT in medicine and
health care, such as clinical devices management, medication management,
clinical data management, distant medicine, mobile medical care, and individ-
ual health management. We have done an organized review to enhance health
management systems via many up-to-date IoT-oriented health care applica-
tions. The article approbates with the methodological necessities of systematic
literature reviews. We have identified several issues caused by the quick accep-
tance of IoT-oriented systems' health management. IoT necessitates new safety
infrastructure, according to the novel practical principles. Outcomes illustrate
that health experts can assist in supplying necessities, information, or stan-
dards to improve IoT devices or systems. Also, they are able to present novel
fields or applications for which IoT is fit. This survey aids the hospitals and
relevant institutions to recognize IoT needs. Also, the article will serve as an
initial location for future IoT security management and design. Policymakers
and opinion formers need to understand the IoT and its implications.
KEYWORDS
health management systems, Internet of Things, systematic literature reviews
1|INTRODUCTION
Health is an essential competency that individuals need to understand, sense, and perform efficiently. It indicates a key
component in the growth of the person and also his/her context.
13
Besides, the custom-made health competency is
restricted to the existing data of the patient (typically active and imperfect).
4,5
We should offer enough methods and means
to certify the suitable health care distribution, according to the factors checking and directly delivering the medical aid.
1,6
So, it is showing a basic problem for knowledge extracting, examination, and trending. The existing issues need a thought-
ful restructuring of the universal health care mechanism. In traditional methods, the adaptability and control of patient's
reports, documentation, and examinations, or medicine cure produced by doctors have been controlled autonomously.
7,8
Figure 1 depicts the conventional medical system of ill record. As Figure 1 illustrates, the whole of the entities is acting
autonomously.
9
We need a better tool for handling the increasing world population and life expectancy. In doing so, a
potential method is a laterally dispersed platform like the Internet of Things (IoT).
10,11
Thus, among the array of usages
empowered by IoT, health care systems are chiefly crucial.
12,13
Therefore, in this article, we have examined the IoT and its
relationship to health management systems (HMS). These elements have been analyzed below.
Jinbo Huang and Xianjun Wu are cofirst authors.
Received: 25 March 2020 Revised: 1 October 2020 Accepted: 17 October 2020
DOI: 10.1002/dac.4683
Int J Commun Syst. 2021;34:e4683. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/dac © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 1of19
https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.4683
Chapter
The advances in sensors and wearable technologies are transforming the way healthcare is delivered through continuous monitoring, predictive diagnostics, and personalized management of health. These devices, equipped with high-end sensors and powered by artificial intelligence (AI), are revolutionizing digital health technologies, forging new markets in human augmentation, and redefining occupational health and safety. Biosensors, fitness trackers, and even smart exoskeletons are examples of these wearables, which can bridge the gap between individuals and healthcare professionals by providing actionable data, contributing to preventative care, and aiding in its early detection. AI-enabled wearables in occupational settings enhance worker safety, as they monitor fatigue and high-risk environmental conditions, as well as alerting to stress levels, while exoskeletons lower the risk of injury and help with ergonomics. As these technologies not only enhance productivity and safety but also democratize access to quality healthcare with remote patient monitoring and telemedicine.
Chapter
Healthcare sensors and wearables are changing the game when it comes to devices providing real-time monitoring, early detection, preventive measures, and tailored care. These technological breakthroughs blend leading edge sensors with AI recommendations to screen vital signs detects abnormalities and predicts potential diseases. Smartwatches, fitness trackers, medical-grade wearables, etc., serve to enhance patient engagement and put users in the driver's seat with their health. These technologies enable remote healthcare, minimizing the need for repeated visits to clinics and making healthcare more accessible to low-income communities. They provide enhanced mobility and communication for individuals with disabilities in human augmentation, swiftly filling the gap between physical impairment and daily function. Wearable technologies are ushering in a new era of healthcare as they reinforce the switch from reactive to preventive care through the integration of IoT and data analytics, bringing a paradigm shift towards more focused and patient-centric healthcare.
Chapter
Fitted with both physiological and biomechanical sensors, the devices track vital signs, motion performance monitoring, as well as contextual parameters important to patient health. Wearable devices for human augmentation include the exoskeletons and smart prosthetics that increase physical abilities, as well as cognitive computing widgets to improve brain function or sensory perception. Rehabilitation, chronic disease management, and preventive healthcare are also being revolutionized by technology, empowering people to take control of their health. Wearables have shown themselves fit for human augmentation by the right people.
Chapter
The disruptive impact of Machine Learning presents an opportunity to rethink the optimization of industrial processes, especially in the complex supply chain. The need to reduce environmental effect is driving a paradigm change in the industrial sector towards sustainability. The world struggles associated with sustainable development, the manufacturing industry is leading the charge in pursuing efficiency and environmentally responsible methods. The revolutionary potential of the machine learning to revolutionize factory optimization especially in the supply chain is examined. This chapter focuses on the understanding of current challenges in manufacturing optimization for sustainability; explore the fundamentals of Machine Learning and it's application to manufacturing; analyze diverse aspects and examples of Machine Learning in supply chain optimization; discuss the potential impact of Machine Learning on sustainability within the manufacturing sector while reducing its environmental impact and advancing global sustainability.
Chapter
Real-time data collection, monitoring and analysis of patient through sensors and wearable technologies are today transforming healthcare to reach a new level that was once unattainable. Meshing with IoT and AI programs, digital health tools can monitor akin to blood pressure, glucose levels heart rate or physical activity. Wearable devices such as Smart-watches, Fitness Trackers and Health Patches offer ways to non-invasively detect early disease states and also help manage some chronic diseases. In plant & human augmentation, such innovations assist in medical interventions covering prosthetics and exoskeletons resulting in mobility as well quality of life for disabled individuals. These human augmentation technologies are part of a mass ascertainment towards preventive healthcare, bridging the gap between patients and their care team, unifying an integrated-care continuum to create more connected operational workflows of all autonomously powered by patient-generated health data, catalyzing a seismic shift in digital health innovation.
Chapter
Real-time monitoring, data-driven decision-making and improved patient care are all made possible by the integration of sensors and nanosensor networks in smart hospitals which is transforming the healthcare industry. Smart hospitals use cutting-edge technology to improve patient care, maximize operational effectiveness and support data-driven decision-making. They represent a paradigm change in the delivery of healthcare. Sensors are at the vanguard of this revolution which acting as the pivotal point in the assimilation of data-centric methods for healthcare administration. The revolutionary age in healthcare has begun with the development of sensors and nanosensor networks especially in the context of smart hospitals. It captures the essence of the various applications, difficulties and potential directions that using advanced sensing technology in the healthcare industry may take. To provide readers a thorough grasp of how sensors and nanosensor networks will affect healthcare in the future, the chapter synthesizes data and evaluates relevant literature. This chapter also examines the many uses, difficulties and potential uses of sensor technology in the context of smart hospitals.
Chapter
Patient management, diagnosis, and medical care have all changed as a result of the incorporation of Intelligent Systems (IS) and the Internet of Things (IoT) into clinical healthcare. With a focus on real-time patient monitoring, predictive analytics, and customised treatment plans, this paper outlines the major ways in which these technologies might improve healthcare outcomes. AI and machine learning-powered intelligent systems handle large amounts of clinical data to provide risk assessment, early disease detection, and optimal treatment regimens. Through the direct transmission of vital signs and health indicators to healthcare practitioners for prompt intervention, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as wearables, implanted sensors, and smart medical equipment, provide continuous health monitoring. In clinical health, IS and IoT work together to minimise hospital admissions, promote proactive health care, especially for patients with chronic illnesses, and enable remote patient monitoring.
Chapter
The development of very effective imaging systems with improved resolution for use by medical experts in real-time is promised by quantum computers. This covers developments like knowing how proteins fold, examining how medications and enzymes interact molecularly, and accelerating clinical trials. Personalized treatment options are made possible by quantum computers' fast DNA sequencing capabilities, especially in the fight against hereditary illnesses. Their accuracy and effectiveness make it possible to investigate novel treatment approaches. Quantum computing has enormous promise for pharmaceutical research and development since it can interpret and reproduce complex chemical and biological processes like never before. With pushing the frontiers of scientific innovation and discovery, the use of quantum computing to healthcare has the potential to improve patient care and expedite medical advancements. This chapter comprehensively explores the various dimensions of the quantum computing in health and medicines.
Chapter
The disruptive impact of quantum computing presents an opportunity to rethink the optimization of industrial processes, especially in the complex supply chain. The need to reduce environmental effects is driving a paradigm change in the industrial sector towards sustainability. As the world struggles associated with sustainable development, the manufacturing industry is leading the charge in pursuing efficiency and environmentally responsible methods. The revolutionary potential of quantum computing to revolutionize factory optimization, especially in the supply chain, is examined. Quantum computing promises to solve challenging logistical challenges by utilizing the laws of quantum physics. The use of quantum computing in factory optimization offers enormous potential for a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future as it develops. So, accepting the quantum leap in technology may help the industrial sector reach previously unheard-of levels of productivity while reducing its environmental impact and advancing global sustainability.
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