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Support and help for women experiencing intimate partner violence. Community perspective. Podpora a pomoc ženám zažívajúcim násilie v párových vzťahoch. Komunitná perspektíva
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Abstract: In the process of helping and supporting women experiencing intimate partner
violence effective and professional intervention of stakeholders based on similar backgrounds and scientific knowledge is proving to be an important factor. An example of good practice is the Duluth model (2017), which is a model of coordinated community practice prioritizing the safety of women in the helping process and also offers an intervention program for offenders. In this paper we present preliminary findings from qualitative research aimed at identifying strategies that women use to prevent, alleviate and stop violence. The main goal of the research was to identify these strategies and at the same time identify the factors that influence their choice. The research involved 44 women whose selection was carried out in cooperation with organizations that provide support and assistance to women experiencing violence in couples. We obtained the data through anamnestic questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, which were anonymized so that the safety of women was not endangered. In this paper, we analyse
the data obtained from the interviews, which we processed using the method of thematic
analysis. The analysis showed a wide range of strategies that women use to prevent, alleviate and stop violent couple relationships. We differentiated them based on the involvement of other people, help actors and the time factor. A look at the involvement of the informal environment in the solution of violence showed the absence of support for actors from the so-called mezo level of the environment (less supportive neighbourhoods, lack of condemnation of violence, denigration of women experiencing violence). In the light of these findings, conclusions for practice have so far proved to be important: for relevant formal actors professional standard practices based on shared beliefs about the nature of couple violence and the prevention of violence in the form of education of the general public.
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Výskumná štúdia spracováva výsledky reprezentatívneho výskumu o sexuálnom násilí na ženách na Slovensku realizovaného na vzorke 2 119 žien vo veku 18 – 70 rokov. Zameriava sa na skúsenosti žien so sexuálnym násilím pred a po 15 roku života. Uvádza profil žien s takouto skúsenosťou, formy násilia, ktoré zažívali, rozdelenie podľa páchateľov na partnerské a nepartnerské sexuálne násilie a ich špecifiká, následky sexuálneho násilia a vyhľadanie pomoci. Celoživotná prevalencia sexuálneho násilia je 4,9%, pričom po dovŕšení 15 rokov je miera prevalencie 3,8%. 71% žien so skúsenosťou so sexuálnym násilím ho zažilo zo strany iného muža ako partnera a 38% žien ho zažilo v partnerskom vzťahu. Sexuálne násilie má vážne psychické následky a niektoré z nich pretrvávajú dlhodobo. Takmer všetky ženy zažili po incidente viaceré zo symptómov PTSP. V porovnaní s populáciou žien bez skúsenosti so sexuálnym násilím vykazujú tiež vyššiu mieru úzkosti a depresie a nižšiu mieru vnímanej sociálnej podpory a spokojnosti s partnerským a sexuálnym životom. Len 15% žien vyhľadalo pomoc niektorej z inštitúcií a len 11,2% ohlásilo prípad na polícii.
Výskumná štúdia sa zamerala na zisťovanie postupov a postojov vyšetrovateľov PZ v prípadoch násilia páchaného na ženách, konkrétne trestných činov týrania blízkej a zverenej osoby a znásilnenia a sexuálneho násilia. Štúdia sa tiež venuje možným vplyvom skúsenosti s vyšetrovaním takýchto prípadov a postojov – miery akceptácie mýtov o násilí páchanom na ženách – na priebeh vyšetrovania. Výskum bol realizovaný formou dotazníkového prieskumu na vzorke 239 respondentov zahŕňajúcej väčšinu vyšetrovateliek a vyšetrovateľov na Slovensku.
Príspevok sa zaoberá problematikou riešenia problému násilia v blízkych vzťahoch a ukončenia násilného vzťahu. Prináša ďalšie poznatky k zvýšenému porozumeniu zmenám zložitého rozhodovacieho procesu žien so skúsenosťou s násilím v blízkych vzťahoch. Skúma a analyzuje odchod ženy od zneužívajúceho partnera ako dynamický a komplexný proces zahŕňajúci mnoho- početné rozhodnutia a činy zo strany žien v priebehu času. Zisťuje špecifickú dynamiku odchodu zo vzťahu, ktorú tvoria procesy zmeny u žien v priebehu času. Súčasne sumarizuje a opisuje riziká pri ukončení násilného vzťahu, ktorý môže ohroziť bezpečie žien vo väčšej miere než ich zotrvanie v násilnom vzťahu. V prípade mnohých žien je aj najrizikovejším a najviac potenciálne smrteľným obdobím počas ich života.
D2.9 Národná správa POSTOJE, POLITICKÝ DISKURZ A KOLEKTÍVNE SPRÁVANIE MAJORITY VOČI RÓMOM NA SLOVENSKU Výsledky reprezentatívneho prieskumu výskum zrealizoval Ústav výskumu sociálnej komunikácie SAV www.kvsbk.sav.sk v rámci projektu DG JUST PolRom • Ľudia na Slovensku vo všeobecnosti považujú za prijateľnejšie, keď politici hovoria o Rómoch negatívne a nepriateľsky, než keď o nich hovoria pozitívne-napríklad keď tvrdia, že ľudia majú Rómom pomáhať, alebo keď tvrdia, že Nerómovia by sa mali s Rómami spojiť v boji proti diskriminácii. • Až 80% respondentov verí, že väčšina ľudí na Slovensku nemá rada Rómov a myslí si, že Rómovia majú negatívne vlastnosti. Napriek tomu si len menej ako polovica respondentov myslí, že Rómovia na Slovensku sú diskriminovaní. Čím viac sú respondenti presvedčení o tom, že Rómovia na Slovensku majú nezaslúžené výhody, tým menej si zároveň myslia, že Rómovia sú diskriminovaní. • Respondenti, ktorí sa domnievajú, že Rómovia predstavujú hrozbu pre národnú identitu, a že na Slovensku nie sú diskriminovaní, zároveň vo väčšej miere vnímajú Rómov prostredníctvom negatívnych stereotypov (tzv. anticiganizmus). • Respondenti, ktorí uznávajú hodnotu rómskej kultúry zároveň prejavujú aj väčšiu empatiu a súcit voči Rómom. Títo respondenti sú súčasne motivovaní nielen pomáhať Rómom, ale aj postaviť sa za ich práva a bojovať proti ich diskriminácii.
Since 1960, the lives of young people in their late teens and twenties have changed so dramatically that a new stage of life has developed. In his provocative work, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett has identified the period of emerging adulthood as distinct from both the adolescence that precedes it and the young adulthood that comes in its wake. Arnett's new theory has created an entire thriving field of research due to his book that launched the field, Emerging Adulthood.
On the 10th Anniversary of the publication of his groundbreaking work, the second edition of Emerging Adulthood fully updates and expands Arnett's findings and includes brand new chapters on media use, social class issues, and the distinctive problems of this life stage. Merging stories from the lives of emerging adults themselves with decades of research, Arnett covers a wide range of other topics as well, including love and sex, relationships with parents, experiences at college and work, and views of what it means to be an adult. As the nature of growing up and the meaning of adulthood further evolve, Emerging Adulthood will continue to be essential reading for understanding ages 18-29.
Romantic love in heterosexual relationship is recognized as an important aspect to be considered in the psychosocial mechanisms associated to the persistence of intimate partner violence and to the help-seeking barriers faced by victims. However, few researches have explored the processes underlying the relationship between this form of love and attitudes toward this kind of violence. To do this, the current study aims to analyse the relationship between the adherence to romantic love and the legitimization of intimate partner violence (i.e., perceived severity of violence, victim blame and exoneration of the perpetrator). It was also to test the mediating effect of patriarchal ideologies (i.e., ambivalent sexism and domestic violence myths) on this relationship. Two hundred and thirty-five French adults (51.1% women) were surveyed. The data were analysed with structural equation models in order to study the mediations between the variables considered. Consistent with our hypotheses, the results showed that the more the participants adhered to romantic love, the more they blamed the victim and exonerated the perpetrator. They also showed a positive relationship between romantic love, ambivalent sexism, and domestic violence myths. Finally, the results demonstrated that the link between romantic love and the legitimization of violence is mediatized by ambivalent sexism and domestic violence myths. The findings illustrate the need to deconstruct romantic love ideology and the psychosocial logics underlying the legitimization of intimate partner violence.
While previous research has examined social norms and intergroup contact as predictors of prejudice, there is limited research on their interplay in shaping intergroup attitudes. The results of five studies using correlational and experimental methods in different intergroup contexts consistently showed that the influence of intolerant (vs. tolerant) social norms on prejudice is reduced for people who have contacts with outgroup members. Studies 4–5 further showed that threat perceptions mediate the interaction effects between norms and contact on prejudice. Overall, the research program suggests that intergroup contact is a potent tool for reducing conformity to intolerant and antiegalitarian norms.
In two studies, we tested whether social dominance orientation (SDO) and intergroup contact interacted in shaping support for multiculturalism. Study 1 was correlational, while in Study 2 we measured SDO and experimentally manipulated intergroup contact (imagined contact paradigm). We found that SDO and intergroup contact interacted on support for multiculturalism: Intergroup contact was associated with more support for multiculturalism only for high‐SDO individuals, and SDO was negatively associated to support for multiculturalism more strongly for individuals with low or no contact. Finally, we discussed the role of the intergroup setting in which studies are conducted.
Objective:
Drawing on minority stress perspectives, we investigated the therapy experiences of individuals in consensually nonmonogamous (CNM) relationships.
Method:
We recruited a community sample of 249 individuals engaged in CNM relationships across the U.S. and Canada. Confirmatory factor analysis structural equation modeling was used to analyze client perceptions of therapist practices in a number of exemplary practices (affirming of CNM) or inappropriate practices (biased, inadequate, or not affirming of CNM), and their associations with evaluations of therapy. Open-end responses about what clients found very helpful and very unhelpful were also analyzed.
Results:
Exemplary and inappropriate practices constituted separate but related patterns of therapist conduct. As expected, perceptions of exemplary and inappropriate practices predicted therapist helpfulness ratings and whether participants prematurely terminated their therapeutic relationships. Qualitative results point toward the importance of having/pursuing knowledge about CNM and using affirming, nonjudgmental practices.
Conclusions:
Therapists are positioned to either combat or perpetuate the minority stress faced by individuals engaged in CNM. The results of this study highlight the need for additional research, training, and guidelines regarding CNM clients and their therapy experiences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).