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EFEKTI RAZVOJA KRITIČKOG MIŠLJENJA U VJERONUČNOJ NASTAVI / EFFECTS OF CRITICAL THINKING DEVELOPMENT IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION CLASSES

Authors:

Abstract

The subject of this research was an investigation of critical thinking development in the classes of Islamic Religious Education. The aim of the research was to find out whether there is a statistically significant difference in the quality of school life, school climate and students’ participation in class activities between traditional classes and classes in which critical thinking development is promoted. We used an experimental method, a method of theoretical analysis, and a descriptive-analytical method, and a survey technique. The following instruments were employed: the Questionnaire on the Quality of School Life (Ainley & Bourke, 1992), ISC-S Inventory – the Estimate of School Climate (Brand, Felner, Shim, Seitsinger & Dumas, 2003) and the Questionnaire on Students’ Class Activities (Gentry, Gable & Ruzza, 2002). The research was conducted in two schools in the city of Zenica, one of which was an experimental group (elementary school Mak Dizdar, Zenica) and one a control group (Elementary school Musa Ćazim Ćatić, Zenica). The research sample comprised 300 6th and 8th grade elementary school students: 150 students in the experimental group and 150 in the control group. Both groups had 75 male and 75 female students. The research findings showed that the students in the classes in which critical thinking development was promoted had a statistically significantly better quality of school life, experienced better class climate and the better quality of class activities than those who attended traditional classes. These findings confirmed the importance of developing critical thinking in Religious Education and can be the basis for encouraging permanent education of all Islamic religion educators in terms of acquiring the competences for promoting critical thinking development in Religious Education classes.
ISLAMSKI PEDAGO KI FAKULTET
UNIVERZITETA U ZENICI
ZBORNIK RADOVA
ISLAMSKOG PEDAGO KOG FAKULTETA
U ZENICI
Zenica, decembar 2020.
ISLAMIC PEDAGOGICAL FACULTY
OF THE UNIVERSITY IN ZENICA
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE ISLAMIC PEDAGOGICAL FACULTY
IN ZENICA
Zenica, December 2020
RELIGIJSKA PEDAGOGIJA
...................................................... 195
TEORIJA I PRAKSA RANOG ODGOJA
Aida Teljigovi i Amina Pehli
KVALITET ODGAJATELJEVIH AKTIVNOSTI USMJERENIH
NA PODSTICANJE PRAVILNOG GOVORNO-
.................................................. 229
JEZIK I KNJI EVNOST
-
ENGLESKOG JEZIKA NA NIVOU B2 .................................... 253
Mithat Jugo
JEDINICA KAO ODRAZ TRADICIONALNOG KONCEPTA
ARAPSKE GRAMATIKE ......................................................... 269
MEDIJSKI ARAPSKI JEZIK ..................................................... 291
ISLAMSKA MISAO I CIVILIZACIJA
Armin
RELIGIJA U ......... 307
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195
Primljeno 28. 6. 2020, prihva eno za objavljivanje 15. 10. 2020.
Prof. dr.
Islamski pedago ki fakultet Univerziteta u Zenici
izet.pehlic@gmail.com
, MA
maida2961988@gmail.com
kao u pravom eksperimentalnom
, nego j
faktora
metoda teorijske analize i deskriptivno- oda, a od
& Bourke, 1992), ISC-S inventar
(Brand, Felner, Shim, Seitsinger & Dumas, 2003) i Upitnik o
Efekti razvoja kri
196
permanentne edukacije svih nastavnika Islamske vjeronauke u
: nastava, kvalitet
e aktivnosti.
UVOD
efekata razvoja
nastavi -
vjeronauke u funkciji
koji je finansirala Uprava za obrazovanje i nauku Rijaseta
Islamske zajednice u Bosni i Hercegovini. Projekat je trajao u
2019. i 2020. godini. Cilj projekta bio je da se ispita kvalitet
nastava u
ca), a kontrolnu grupu
lo na
.
iverzitetskoj nastavi.
nastava
in. Nastavnici u
Zb 8/2020.
197
u odgojno-obrazovnom procesu i
u zvanju mentora za studente u univerzitetskoj nastavi.
n
je certifikat za
izvodila je
pojava
analizira, -
a trebamo
negati
tava prema serviranom
a
govoriti,
-
2011: 226). Drug
procijeniti koje su od tih informacija istinite i dobronamjerne, a
Efekti razvoja kri
198
misliti nismo slobodni nego smo nesvjesni zarobljenici medijskih,
mskih i svih drugih manipulacija kojima nas
.
nastavnici bi trebali: osigurati vrijeme i prilik
va, cijeniti
Isto tako, da bi djelotvorno
sistem ,
tzv. ERR sistem ija).
U eksperimentalnom programu koji je predmet ovog
u funkciji
implementaciji ERR modela u nastavi. Ovdje spominjemo samo
neke: grozdovi, brainwriting, INSERT, oluja ideja ili
brai
Grozdovi
o nekoj temi. To je nelinearna metoda asociranja koju bi trebalo
planirati u malim grupama (Steele i sar., 2001b: 51). Svrha ove
metode je sistematizirati znanje o nekom zadanom pojmu, povezati
i
2003: 87).
Zb 8/2020.
199
Postupak izrade grozdova naziva se brainwriting, a provodi se
, pojam ili frazu na
pritom povezuju
sve pojmove koji su u bilo kakvoj vezi, d) novi pojmovi se
dopisuju sve dok ne istekne vrijeme ili ponestane ideja, e) korisno
pominju se i izvan ERR sistema.Tako
ora (Marzano i sar.,
2006).
INSERT (Interactive Notating System for Effective Reading
cija, odnosno pojedini
tome (Steele et all., 2001b: 13).
svoje razumijevanje dok
Konceptualna tablica je izuzetno korisna kao vizualna
i
problema.
(Marzano i sar., 2006: 26), a ima formu tablice u kojoj se
obrnuto (Temple i sarr., 2001: 36).
Oluja ideja ili brainstorming je metoda dobro poznata i izvan
ERR sistema. To je tehnika kreativnog generiranja velikog broja
ideja u kratkom vremenu.Nastavnik stvara radno
Ova tehnika se primjenjivati s cijelim razredom, grupno ili u
paru. i njihovo
Efekti razvoja kri
200
Nastavnik pripremi onoliko pitanja koliko je grupa te svako pitanje
n list papira. Svakoj grupi dodijeli jedno pitanje pa
li (Stelle et all., 2001c: 42).
elemenata zapisuju se u presjek, a razlike u preostale dijelove kruga
razlika (Marzano i sar., 2006: 26).
pa
(Stelle i sar., 2001a).
faktora odgojno-obrazovnog
procesa. Prva grupa na je na ispitivanje
(Innabi, 2003; Warburton & Toff, 2005; Chee & San Oo, 2012;
Emir, 2013; Boonjeam, Tesaputa & Sri-ampai, 2017; Moeti,
Mgawi & Moalosi, 2017).
Drugu grupu a koja su fokusirana na odnos
-
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201
2011; Shim & Walczak, 2012; Fung, 2014; Piergiovanni, 2014;
Tiruneh, Verburgh & Elen 2014; Lewine et al., 2015;).
rasprava auto kog
;
Alwehaibi, 2012; Wallace & Jefferson, 2015).
m
, te razlike u
definiranju i razumijevanju
studenata (Bahr, 2010; Ahern et al., 2012
nivo visokog
obrazovanja izostaju. Stoga, fokus je usmjeren
Emir (2013)je proveo
da p
nastavnika povezan je s njegovim odlukama u kreiranju nastavnog
oristiti se vlastitim
ispitivanje stavova nastavnika o djelotvornosti primjene aktivnosti
u nastav
Efekti razvoja kri
202
Pokazalo se da nastavnici vjeruju da su nastavne aktivnosti koje (u
v oj ili manj
u
Shodno tome, spomenuti stavovi nastavnika imaju za posljedicu
izostanak primjene aktivnosti u nastavi usmjerenih na razvoj
enja spram onih studenata koji iskazuju slabije
rezultira slabi
njihovog
predavanja i u kojoj mjeri ti aspekti dominiraju nastavom.
astavnici nisu bili orijentisani
to nastavnici ne percipiraju
okom
Marin i Halpern (2011) su is
, ukoliko ih se
direktno via explicit instruction). Pokazalo se da je
direktno
nastavi djelotvornije u odnosu na druge pristupe u njegovu
Zb 8/2020.
203
grupe studenata, gdje je jedna skupina studenata
o
Grupa
grupu
(Razei, Derakshan i Bagherkazemi, 2011; Piergiovanni, 2014) su
rada i aktivnosti u nastavi koje podrazumijevaju aktivan pristup
inak u nastavi.
t
po
uje direktno
preporuke a (Paul,2005; Bassham et al.,2008; Phan, 2010;
Almeida & Franco, 2011)
e sveukupni kvalitet -
metakognitivnom nivou
nformacija s kojima se
kognitivni napor.
razvoj
Efekti razvoja kri
204
nedostatak sposobnosti prepoznavanja i izdvajanja relevantnih
informacija iz tekstova koji se koriste u nastavi (Oliveras, Márquez
& ta neke od
ljenja, njegovom se primjenom
nedvosmisl
procese poput primjene apstraktnog znanja na konkretnom zadatku
koji imaju nezaobilaznu ulogu u i u nastavi vjeronauke. Na ovome
transferirati iz jednog nastavnog predmeta u drugi. su
avremeni koncepti odgojno-
obrazovne prakse.
METOD
Pr
nastavi je
se dugi niz god
kao u pravom eksperime i finalno
razvoja
v oj nastavi.
Cilj vanja
e e nastave i
nastave jenje. Polazna hipoteza u
noj nastavi u kojoj se razvija
bolji
oj oj
nastavi.
e su: eksperimentalna
metoda, metoda teorijske analize i deskriptivno-
Zb 8/2020.
205
ta. Metoda
teorijske analize kori znanstvenoteorijskoj deskripciji
a deskriptivno-
ntalnoj i kontrolnoj
grupi. Od is
Bourke, 1992), ISC-
S inventar at al., 2003) i
Ruzza, 2002).
Upitnik
Bourke (1992; Leonard, 2002) u ispitivanju s australskim
osnovnih
h faktorskom
(General satisfaction) mjeri
(Negative affect) mjeri
.
Nastavnici (Teacher) ispituje percepciju kvalitete
.
Socijalna integriranost (Social integration) ispituje
(Opportunity) odnosi se na
.
Efekti razvoja kri
206
(Achievement)
.
(Adventure) ispituje u kojoj mjeri
Primjer ajtema: -
mjesto gdje u .
1)
2)
3)
4) .
m uzorku, a koeficijent
unutarnje konzistencije Cronbach alpha naveden je uz svaku
.
ISC-S inventar
ISC-S inventar (Brand
et.al., 2003: 575)
izmu i problemi
sigurnosti. Instrument je modificira
su dvije subskale ostavljene po strani:
pluralizmu i problemi sigurnosti.
nivoa na petostepen
uvijek.
Slijedi tabelarni prikaz subskala i Cronbachovog
koeficijenta po subskalama: (Brand et.al., 2003: 2005:
859-860).
Zb 8/2020.
207
Tabela 1. Pouzdanost ISC-S inventar
Subskala Cronbach
Autor
Cronbach
=.76
=.78
Jasnost i dosljednost u primjeni pravila
=.74 =.72
=.81 =.86
=.73
=.70
=.83
Disciplinska odgovornost
=.67
odluka
=.70 =.80
Inoviranje nastave
=.63
=.73
dizajnu i na
rku, a Cronbach
alpha je predstavljen u tab . Koeficijent unutarnje
na svim subskalama
O
zanimljiva ili dosadna. Naravno, sa uzrastom rastu i kriteriji
vrednovanja
(Eccles et al
provjeravala da li to vrijedi i
.
Efekti razvoja kri
208
popraviti ili razrij
problema je u rukama nastavnika.
Upitnik se sastoji
aktivnostima Primjer ajtema:
odgovara mom interesu. Ispitanici su svoje stavove iznosili
ostepenoj skali likertovog
tipa .
4 subskale: zainteresiranost za aktivnosti, izazovnost aktivnosti,
i u u aktivnostima. Provjerili smo
Tabela 2. Pouzdanost
Subskala
Cronbach
autora
Zainteresiranost za aktivnosti =.89
Izazovnost aktivnosti
=.83
=.86
=.94
Uvidom Cronbach
z
Ispitanici
Zenica) i jedna kontrolna
Zenica).
Po svojoj naravi Uzorak
izvodila nastava u funkciji razvoja
se nastava i
Zb 8/2020.
209
Obrada podataka
programu (IBM SPSS Statistics). Obrada je bazirana na primjeni
tehnika neparametrijske statistike: Mann-Whitney testa, testa
koeficijenta korelacije. Mann-
varijabli. h
sredina dva nezavisna uzorka.
REZULTATI
tri i parametri deskriptivne
statistike, a potom i distribucija rezultata dobijenih na skalama
Tabela 3. Osnovni stati
Descriptive Statistics
N Min Max Aritm.
sredina
Stand.
devijacija
300
5,00
20,00
14,9433
3,21474
prema
300
5,00
20,00
8,5233
3,50482
Nastavnici
300
5,00
20,00
16,3067
3,07204
Socijalna integriranost
300
5,00
20,00
16,3867
2,85968
300
5,00
20,00
17,3067
2,75280
300
4,00
16,00
12,9200
2,74811
300
4,00
16,00
10,8367
3,41597
300
6,00
30,00
23,7767
4,41570
Jasnost i dosljednost u
300
5,00
25,00
20,1767
3,54787
Efekti razvoja kri
210
orijentacija na
300
5,00
25,00
19,3300
4,06648
interakcija
300
5,00
25,00
12,0067
4,75204
interakcija
300
5,00
25,00
19,5933
4,22066
Disciplinska
odgovornost
300
5,00
25,00
8,6600
4,38351
300
5,00
25,00
16,1900
4,84066
Inoviranje nastave 300
4,00
20,00
14,8233
3,45716
Zainteresiranost
300
8,00
32,00
25,7100
5,36923
Izazov 300
9,00
36,00
26,6233
5,71287
Izbor
300
7,00
28,00
19,4500
6,13402
300
7,00
28,00
23,8367
4,92655
U tabeli 3 vidl
standardne devijacije
neparametrijska statistika provjerili smo
da li podaci odstupaju od normalne distribucije. Slijedi tabelarni
prikaz.
Tabela 4. Odstupanje distribucije podataka od normalne raspodjele
Test
ovi
normalnosti distribucije
Kolmogorov
-
Smirnov
a
Shapiro
-
Wilk
Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
m ,117
300
,000
,957
300
,000
,158
300
,000
,875
300
,000
Nastavnici
,119
300
,000
,923
300
,000
Socijalna
integriranost
,152
300
,000
,913
300
,000
Priprema za
,166
300
,000
,870
300
,000
,1
56
300
,000
,896
300
,000
,113
300
,000
,943
300
,000
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211
Nastavnikova
,094
300
,000
,945
300
,000
Jasnost i dosljednost
u primjeni pravila i
,110
300
,000
,939
300
,000
ja
,087
300
,000
,954
300
,000
interakcija ,101
300
,000
,957
300
,000
interakcija ,100
300
,000
,928
300
,000
Disciplinska
odgovornost ,202
300
,000
,790
300
,000
luka ,066
300
,003
,981
300
,000
Inoviranje nastave
,106
300
,000
,947
300
,000
Zainteresiranost ,121
300
,000
,917
300
,000
Izazov
,096
300
,000
,962
300
,000
Izbor ,095
300
,000
,944
300
,000
,216
300
,000
,822
300
,000
Rezultati predstavljeni u prethodnoj tabeli 4, a dobijeni putem
Kolmogorov-Smirnovog testa i Shapiro-Wilkovog ukazuju na
stepen odstupanja dobijenih rezultata od normalne raspodjele
operacionalizirana
zadov
socijalna integriranost
i
Da bismo ustanovili postoji li
smo Mann-Whitney. Slijedi tabelarni prikaz.
Efekti razvoja kri
212
Tabela 5.
varijablu vrsta uzorka
Rangovi
Vrsta uzorka N Srednji
r
ang
Suma
rangova
eksperimentalna
150
163,45
24517,50
kontrolna 150
137,55
20632,50
eksperimentalna
150
137,35
20602,50
kontrolna
150
163,65
24547,50
Nastavnici
eksperimentalna
150
164,06
2
4609,00
kontrolna
150
136,94
20541,00
Socijalna integriranost
eksperimentalna
150
166,61
24991,00
kontrolna
150
134,39
20159,00
eksperimentalna
150
152,93
22940,00
kontrolna
150
148,07
22210,00
eksperi
mentalna
150
154,15
23122,00
kontrolna
150
146,85
22028,00
eksperimentalna
150
165,98
24897,50
kontrolna
150
135,02
20252,50
Tabela 6.
varijablu vrsta uzorka
Test Statisticsa
zadovolj.
Negativni
osj. prema
Nasta
vnici
Socijal.
integrir.
Priprema
za
.
.
postig.
.
Mann-
Whitney U 9307,50
9277,50
9216,00
8834,00
10885,00
10703,00
8927,50
Wilcoxon
W
20632,50
20602,50
20541,00
20159,00
22210,00
22028,00
20252,5
0
Z -2,60
-2,65
-2,73
-3,24
-,496
-,738
-3,108
Asymp.
Sig.
(2
-
tailed)
,009
,008
,006
,001
,620
,461
,002
a. Grouping Variable: Vrsta uzorka
Rezultati Mann-Whitney testa su pokazali da u
postoji statist
Uvidom u srednji rang, vidljivo je
izvodi
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213
socijalna integriranost i
nastava izvodi
nastava
vjero nastava u funkciji razvoja
.
subskalama i
nastava u funkciji razvoja
nastava
operaciona
n jasnost i dosljednost u primjeni
p
n p
interakcija, disciplinska odgovornost, u
inoviranje nastave.
Da bismo ustanovili postoji li
kvalitetu
nastavi u kojoj se
-Whitney. Slijedi
tabelarni prikaz.
Rezultati Mann-Whitney testa (tabela 8) pokazali su da u
s kojima se izvodi
s kojima se
izvodi nastava u funkciji razvoja og
subskalama:
Efekti razvoja kri
214
Tabela 7.
varijablu vrsta uzorka
Ranks
Grupa ispitanika N Srednji
rang
Suma
rangova
1. Nastavnikova
eksperimentalna
150
163,49
24523,00
kontrolna
150
137,51
20627,00
2. Jasnost i dosljednost
u primjeni pravila i
eksperimentalna
150
162,73
24410,00
kontrolna 150
138,27
20740,00
eksperimentaln
a
150
154,21
23131,00
kontrolna grupa 150
146,79
22019,00
interakcija
eksperimentalna
150
136,46
20469,50
kontrolna
150
164,54
24680,50
interakcija
eksperimentalna
150
159,27
23890,50
kontrolna
150
141,73
21259,50
6. Disciplinska
odgovornost
eksperimentalna
150
134,85
20227,00
kontrolna
150
166,15
24923,00
eksperimentalna
150
168,71
25306,00
kontrolna
150
132,29
19844,00
8. Inoviranje nastave
eksp
erimentalna
150
160,32
24047,50
kontrolna
150
140,68
21102,50
Tabela 8.
varijablu vrsta uzorka
Test Statisticsa
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Mann-
Whitney U 9302,0
9415,0
10694,0
9144,5
9934,5
8902,0
8519,0
9777,5
Wilcoxon
W
20627,0
20740,0
22019,0
20469,5
21259,5
20227,0
19844,0
21102,5
Z -2,60
-2,45
-,74
-2,81
-1,76
-3,170
-3,642
-1,969
Asymp.
Sig.
(2-tailed)
,009
,014
,458
,005
,079
,002
,000
,049
a. Grouping Variable: Vrsta uzorka
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215
da
u
u
nastavni jasnost i dosljednost u primjeni
pravila , te je u
u odluka i inoviranju nastave.
Istovremeno,
nastava u funkciji razvoja
na subskalama: a
i disciplinska odgovornost. Dakle, na
u
kojima se izvodi
negativnu u
interakcij isciplinskoj odgovornosti,
odnosno u uspostavi discipline koriste se tradicionalne metode.
subskalama i
nastava u funk
s kojima se
operacionaliziran varijable:
.
Da bismo ustanovili postoji li
kvalitetu u stavovima
vj nastavi u kojoj se
-Whitney. Slijedi
tabelarni prikaz.
Rezultati Mann-Whitney testa (tabela 10) pokazali su da u
eni kvaliteta
Efekti razvoja kri
216
se izvodi nastava Islamske
u aktivnostima.
Tabela 9.
varijablu vrsta uzorka
Ranks
Vrsta uzorka N Srednji
rang
Suma
rangova
Zainteresiranost za
aktivnosti
eksperimentalna grupa 150
165,07
24760,00
kontrolna grupa
150
135,93
20390,00
Izazovnost
aktivnosti
eksperimentalna grupa
150
153,96
23094,00
kontrolna grupa 150
147,04
22056,00
eksperimentalna grupa
150
162,35
24353,00
kontrolna grupa 150
138,65
20797,00
aktivnostima
eksperimentalna grup
a
150
164,54
24681,50
kontrolna grupa
150
136,46
20468,50
Tabela 10.
nezavisnu varijablu vrsta uzorka
Test Statisticsa
Zainteresiranost
za aktivnosti
Izazovnost
aktivnosti
izbora
ak
tivnostima
Mann
-
Whitney U
9065,00
10731,00
9472,00
9143,50
Wilcoxon W
20390,00
22056,00
20797,00
20468,50
Z
-
2,92
-
,69
-
2,38
-
2,89
Asymp. Sig.
(2
-
tailed)
,003
,488
,017
,004
a. Grouping Variable: Vrsta uzorka
vjero nastava u
zainteresiranost
aktivnostima.
Zb 8/2020.
217
se izvodi nastava
nasta
nastavi s obzirom na efekte koje taj proces
ima na razvoj
onici.
kvaliteta
pokazali su da nastava u
nastava izvodi na k
nastavnicima, socijalna
s kojima se . S druge
strane, nastava izvodi na kl
subskali
kvaliteta
a se izvodi nastava u funkciji
subskalama:
u primjeni
. S druge strane,
kojima se izvodi
kojima se izvodi nastava u funkciji
razvoja na subskalama:
interakcija i disciplinska odgovornost.
Rezultati kvaliteta pokazali
su kojima se izvodi nastava u funkciji
subskalama: zainteresiranost
a nem na
subskali
Efekti razvoja kri
218
oblikovanja permanentne edukacije svih nastavnika Islamske
vjeronauke u funkciji razvoja njihovih komepetncija za razvoj
nastavi.
Uvid u relevantne znanstvenoteorijske izvore potvrdili su
usvojenosti i razumijevanja nas , te
Staga, i
jeru.
dobro pored
eksperata za odgojno-obrazovni proces.
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Review article
EFFECTS OF CRITICAL THINKING DEVELOPMENT IN
ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION CLASSES
, PhD
, MA
Abstract
The subject of this research was an investigation of critical
thinking development in the classes of Islamic Religious
Education. The aim of the research was to find out whether there is
a statistically significant difference in the quality of school life,
between traditional classes and classes in which critical thinking
development is promoted.
We used an experimental method, a method of theoretical
analysis, and a descriptive-analytical method, and a survey
technique. The following instruments were employed: the
Questionnaire on the Quality of School Life (Ainley & Bourke,
1992), ISC-S Inventory the Estimate of School Climate (Brand,
Felner, Shim, Seitsinger & Dumas, 2003) and the Questionnaire on
The research was conducted in two schools in the city of
Zenica, one of which was an experimental group (elementary
school Mak Dizdar, Zenica) and one a control group (Elementary
school , Zenica). The research sample comprised
300 6th and 8th grade elementary school students: 150 students in
the experimental group and 150 in the control group. Both groups
had 75 male and 75 female students.
The research findings showed that the students in the classes
in which critical thinking development was promoted had a
statistically significantly better quality of school life, experienced
better class climate and the better quality of class activities than
those who attended traditional classes.
These findings confirmed the importance of developing
critical thinking in Religious Education and can be the basis for
encouraging permanent education of all Islamic religion educators
Efekti razvoja kri
224
in terms of acquiring the competences for promoting critical
thinking development in Religious Education classes.
Keywords: critical thinking, Religious Education, school life
quality,
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Ainley & Bourke, 1992
ISC-S
Brand, Felner, Shim, Seitsinger & Dumas, 2003
Gentry, Gable & Ruzza, 2002
Efekti razvoja kri
226
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Article
Full-text available
The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the elements and indicators of primary school teachers’ critical thinking, 2) to study current situation, desirable situation, development technique, and need for developing the primary school teachers’ critical thinking, 3) to develop the program for developing the primary school teachers’ critical thinking, and 4) to study the findings of usage in development program for primary school teachers’ critical thinking by using Research and Development. The samples were 384 primary school teachers, and 34 volunteered teachers to participate in development by using questionnaire, evaluation form, and tests. The statistic using for data analysis included the percentage, mean, standard deviation, modified priority needs index (PNImodified), and t-test. The research findings found that: 1) the elements and indicators of primary school teachers’ critical thinking consisted of 3 elements and 12 indicators of critical thinking ability, and 6 elements and 24 indicators of critical thinking disposition, 2) the current situation of primary school teachers’ critical thinking was in “High” level, for desirable situation, it was in “The Highest” level, 3) the development program, consisted of: the principles, objectives, contents, and development activities included 4 Parts, Part 1: the readiness preparation, Part 2: training, Part 3: integration with work practice, and Part 4: posttest, and measurement and evaluation. 4. The posttest score was significantly higher than the pretest score at .01 level.
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p>Critical thinking is recognised as an influential attribute to achieve quality learning and teaching in higher education institutions world over. This interpretive research study explored the critical thinking among PGDE students at the University of Botswana. The aim of the study was to identify factors contributing to the application of critical thinking among teacher trainees. Data was collected from Cohort 2015/16 PGDE students, through one on one interview with 59 students and 2 focus group discussions comprising five students in each focus group between April to June 2016. The findings revealed that the teacher trainees had a lower description of critical thinking during interviews, but refined during focus group discussions; however, the students were wide aware of factors influencing their inabilities to think critically during their training. These finding clearly indicated that most students were not applying critical thinking during their training. Through the interviews and focus group discussion, the study also identified strategies to promote the application of critical thinking in areas of programme content, teaching and assessment methods and techniques, programme logistics and personal attributes. The findings are instrumental to various key stakeholders. Specifically, the findings inform education institutions, teacher educators and students on how to promote critical thinking during teacher training. The study was qualitative, as such the findings will not be generalised. As such a similar study is recommended among the PGDE and other students but using quantitative and or mixed methods to allow inferences and generalisations.</p
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Most current efforts to enhance critical thinking focus on skills practice and training. The empirical research from the fields of cognition and affect sciences suggest that positive mood, even when transiently induced, can have beneficial effects on cognitive flexibility and problem solving. We undertook this study to test this hypothesis in a practical setting. Using an A-B-A-B within subject design, we measured the impact of positive (versus neutral) mood on critical thinking demonstrated on four essay exams in an undergraduate course in personality. There was a significant enhancing effect of positive mood on critical thinking in female students, but not in male students. We discuss possible sex differences that may account for the partial support of the mood-critical thinking effect. Most current efforts to enhance critical thinking focus on skills practice and training. The empirical research from the fields of cognition and affect sciences suggest that positive mood, even when transiently induced, can have beneficial effects on cognitive flexibility and problem solving. We undertook this study to test this hypothesis in a practical setting. Using an A-B-A-B within subject design, we measured the impact of positive (versus neutral) mood on critical thinking demonstrated on four essay exams in an undergraduate course in personality. There was a significant enhancing effect of positive mood on critical thinking in female students, but not in male students. We discuss possible sex differences that may account for the partial support of the mood-critical thinking effect.
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The amount of information and variety of situations tackled on a daily basis call for new cognitive functions, namely combining knowledge, experience and intellectual abilities. Critical thinking is valued as a higher-order type of reasoning and a skill transversal to the educational organisms. We introduce some definitions suggested in the literature, and describe the cognitive functions responsible for critical thinking used in learning and problem solving situations. We then present the most used assessment procedures, illustrating with instruments as well as programs and curricular planning implemented in the classroom to teach and develop critical thinking. Finally, we highlight the importance of further investigation, in order to reach a convergence of theoretical and practical elements needed to define critical thinking.
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To address the challenge of developing critical thinking skills in college students, this empirical study examines the effectiveness of cognitive exercises in developing those skills. The study uses Critical Thinking: Building the Basics by Walter, Knudsvig, and Smith (2003). This workbook is specifically designed to exercise and develop critical thinking skills. The authors use it as the intervention tool. Freshman students enrolled in a first-year experience course participated in the study; one group used the book, the other did not. Students spent a few weeks in class working through the problems, and at the end of the semester, both groups completed the iCritical Thinking Skills Test. Analysis of final test scores prove the effectiveness of exercises on improving the critical thinking skills of college freshmen.
Chapter
Autor u radu prezetnira pregled osnovnih spoznaja iz područja suvremene didaktike i obrazovne tehnologije. Prikazana je kratka povijest didaktičkih teorija, pregled osnovnih didaktičkih strategije, osnove didaktike medija, mogućnost upotrebe interneta u obrazovanju.