Prospect Analysis of Submarine Mineral Resources Exploitation in South China Sea

Abstract

With the continuous exploiting of terrestrial mineral resources, submarine mineral becomes a potential replacement to support social modernization and economic development in the near future. As we all known, a great strategy of maritime development has been presented since the beginning of the 21st century by our state leaders. Hence, it is very necessary to increasingly utilize the seabed mineral resources buried in South China Sea (SCS), and the first is to reevaluate the distribution and reserves of submarine mineral resources. So, based on abundant of geological materials and literature search after years of collecting by authors, this paper summarized the research status of seabed mineral resources in SCS, including the latest surveying results by manned Deep-Submergence Vehicle (DSV) and Remotely-Operating Vehicle (ROV), and revealed mineral characteristics and distributing regularity of manganese nodules, cobalt-rich crusts, polymetallic sulfides, rare earth deposits, sand minerals and other types of resources. Meanwhile, the mineralization prospects of various types of minerals were reevaluated and the potential problems in the development of seabed mineral resources were analyzed. In this way, the potential research of seabed mineral resources will be strengthen, national requirement of mineral exploitation in SCS will be gradually satisfied, and relevant basic materials for government decision-making will be effectively provided for reference.

Full text

˚Ø˚Ø˚Ø
!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
+,+, ! " +, # " -. $
+,+,!+,"-. # $ .+/0- 1.,2
%2&2'2(2)2*2+
3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8
2=33>./0.%.?.@
A>..%B/?? C5
%&'(!,-.!/01!234!5"
67789:;<=>?@&D'"
%&'()*+!+,+,!+, "-.# $ .+/0-1.+/?+
EF 3648F(!G6%*8H%*9F!D4%(I(*8J&*8!&$%7"K<(#L&'$%*%79#4#(J#FM)%<4*&)4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#&NL7(4$%$4(* 4* 3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'"3'41
&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8!+,+, !+,"-. # $ .+/0- 1.+/?+
)*+",-.+
/00123456789
!"#.!+!$%&.!!'()-!*+,B!-./@
".O
A.%&BC7%&)*+DEF76G78;<)HI'(JKLMN!OP @0+,,,(
+O
.Q7RLMN7RSTU+LMN!VW +//,/.(-O
76G7RSTXYZ!7[ @0,+,/ (
BO
76G7RSTXYDEB!7[ @0,+,/(@O
\]7RSTXYZ!\] @.,-/B#
!2"20123456789:;<!=>4?67 @ABCDEFG HIJKLMN8 OPQR67"BSJ=TU
#VW!XYZ==>4?678[G\]!^_`=>84?67abcd"efghij3PklmnIojp8aq
rsAt!ufvb8wxyz{I|}~{xklut!uZ==>4?67rsJ!Z==u#
u#iL?#?#46784?Ig!cdghi4?8A4Z
==>4?67[G¡¢£¤8¥¦!§¨©#Z==>4?67zªrsI«¬®[G¯gh8°±_²!BZ
==>4?678[GI³´µ¶n"
#$%2=>4?$u$iL?$?$4$Z=67
&'()*+2K/0(2222,-./02P
:";<$+,+,1,.1.+(22=>;<$+,+,1,B 1.@
?@AB$A.*+%'>^_`76DEBabDEcd"H>1.Q1G51,@# (.Qef%&gh1
\3GijghJKklcd"R.0,.+B@#
CDEF$,-.".Q/-%# !m!0n!opq!rs!DEt)DEuv$7RST)Sw:x&);1)%47$#!FS4:##&"%'"'*)
!GHEF$/01".Q?Q%# !m!0n!o6q!ys!*+z)DEuv$S{|}u~);1)%47$T6%*869S4:##&"%'"'*)
!"#$%&'()*+,-$.$#/0123+".*&4.*&"+,5&$#1"'&$67%,#.(+(.#*.*
0#1(898.*+ 0&+
ER36418F(
.!+!GHP>UH%*19F.!!D=PVI(*81J&*8
-!WP>UA6%(19F*B!X=YF&1Z4&
@
".OH%4*%* [&9X%M(<%$(<9(J\%<4*&U&(<&#(F<'&%*: K<(#L&'$4*8!=*#$4$F$&(JI&&L1#&%3'4&*'&%*:
;*84*&&<4*8!A64*&#&P'%:&)9(J3'4&*'&#!3%*9%@0+,,,!A64*%(
+OX%M(<%$(<9J(<\%<4*&U&(7(89!]4*8:%(>%$4(*%7X%M(<%$(<9J(<\%<4*&3'4&*'&%*: 5&'6*(7(89!]4*8:%(+//,/.!A64*%(
-OH%4*%* \%<4*&U&(7(84'%73F<^&9!H%4_(F @0,+,/ !A64*%(BO\%<4*&U&(7(84'%73F<^&9=*#$4$F$&(JH%4*%* K<(^4*'&!
H%4_(F @0,+,/!A64*%(@OUF%*8T6(F \%<4*&U&(7(84'%73F<^&9!UF%*8T6(F @.,-/B !A64*%#
&)2$("+'('2E4$6 $6&'(*$4*F(F#&NL7(4$4*8(J$&<<&#$<4%7)4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#!#FM)%<4*&)4*&<%7M&'()&#%L($&*$4%7<&L7%'&)&*$$(
#FLL(<$#('4%7)(:&<*4T%$4(* %*: &'(*()4':&^&7(L)&*$4* $6&*&%<JF$F<&"P#4$4#_*(!* $(%77!%8<&%$#$<%$&89(J)%<4$4)&:&^&7(L1
)&*$6%#M&&* L<&#&*$&: #4*'&$6&M&84**4*8(J$6&+.#$'&*$F<9M9(F<#$%$&7&%:&<#"H&*'&
!4$4#^&<9*&'&##%<9$(4*'<&%#4*879F$474T&
$6&#&%M&: )4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#MF<4&: 4* 3(F$6 A64*%3&%"3A3#! %*: $6&J4<#$4#$(<&&^%7F%$&$6&:4#$<4MF$4(* %*: <&#&<^&#(J#FM)%<4*&
)4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#"3(
!M%#&: (* %MF*:%*$(J8&(7(84'%7)%$&<4%7#%*: 74$&<%$F<&#&%<'6 %J$&<9&%<#(J'(77&'$4*8M9%F$6(<#!$6&<&#&%<'6
#$%$F#(J#&%M&: )4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#4* 3A3 !%##F))%<4T&:!4*'7F:4*8$6&7%$&#$#F<^&94*8<&#F7$#M9)%**&: :&&L1#FM)&<8&*'&^&64'7&
"I3`#%*: <&)($&791(L&<%$4*8^&64'7&"aV`# ! %*: <&^&%7&: )4*&<%7'6%<%'$&<4#$4'#%*: :4#$<4MF$4*8<&8F7%<4$9(J)%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#!
'(M%7$1<4'6 '<F#$#!L(79)&$%774'#F7J4:&#!<%<&&%<$6 :&L(#4$#!#%*: )4*&<%7#%*: ($6&<$9L&#(J<&#(F<'&#"\&%*!647&!$6&)4*&<%74T%$4(*
L<(#L&'$#(J^%<4(F#$9L&#(J)4*&<%7#!&<&<&&^%7F%$&: %*: $6&L($&*$4%7L<(M7&)#4* $6&:&^&7(L)&*$(J#&%M&: )4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#!&<&%*1
%79T&:"=* $64#!%9!$6&L($&*$4%7<&#&%<'6 (J#&%M&: )4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#!477M&#$<&*8$6&*&:!*%$4(*%7<&bF4<&)&*$(J)4*&<%7&NL7(4$%$4(*
4* 3A3 !477M&8<%:F%779#%$4#J4&:!%*: <&7&^%*$M%#4')%$&<4%7#J(<8(^&<*)&*$:&'4#4(*1)%_4*8!477M&&JJ&'$4^&79L<(^4:&: J(<<&J&<&*'&"
&:&- ;#"<$'2#FM)%<4*&)4*&<%7('(M%7$1)%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#(L(79)&$%774'#F7J4:&(<%<&&%<$6 :&L(#4$#(#%*: :&L(#4$#(<&#(F<'&#4*
3(F$6 A64*%3&%
2267R  7! -,, c
.,B_)
+!  9:;<&.1B') S;
< !78 9 :  |   J     ;
<)>^7R.7R¡¢>!A.67 £

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
789:;<!¤¥¦§789: ;<=>
¨A©ª«¬ ®!|¯°±A.?
²³´  µ ¶)·f¸ ¹  £ º»DE ¼ ½ =
^¾677¿78 9:;< DE!D>¾ÀÁÂ9
Ã95«Ä ' (&@1Q'!Å Æ 7 8;<= > Ç È 
É@Ê˾̪Íf»))78Î< ;<"ÏÐ
*Ñ#«Ò!Æ78 9:;<ÓÔÕJÖ×&.!B')
ØÙ!º£ÚÛxÜ67789:; <DEÝ
Þ;<ÇÈ)
Ýßà»!STXYáâ!ãJD
E|ä!àjåæ qCÇçèéêÜëçq
XYàä!ìí67789 : ; < DEÝÞ!î ï
677¿ðàñ*òàó*»hôõ ö:*÷ø
ù:*ú9 5 û ü ;<9 : ý þ ìÿ!"!
¨#$|%j&Ë"&.# ( ûü9:|9
É@'67789:;<=>A(Î)°µ¶!
*+,Ù= -A . 6 7 7 8 9 : ;<ÇÈD E 
./)
&.267789:;<ìÿ&
d48O.2I4#$<4MF$4(* (J#FM)%<4*&)4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#4* 3A3
=>012345IJK
789: ; < À 0°78ðàñ*
òàó*»hôõ ö :*÷øù:ú 9 5 9
1;<&., 1./ ')A.°ef;<2*R34567
8Ü!=^¾9  R % &:;!<| ¾ . =
7¿C7÷ø*»hôõö :*» hôàñ*òà
ó59:;<>ôST)Sw:x?@XY&..')
°.=7¿!A.AB£¾3R 0@ ,,, _)
+»
hôàñ*6CDR., ,,, _)
+»hôõö:*
pR - ,,, _)
+òàó5 E¿'9 : 
jFG HE¿) !ã!A. H9IJKLMN
3R»hôàñGH j F E >ôGHO
PQ=ÃO!ßRN 0- ,,, _)
+)
»hôàñ!AS T ð àñ!UVðWû 9
:*ðT X ö:7|!Yð"\* # * Z"\(# *
["K$# *\"AF# *ò"A(#*]">4#5!\^ìÿ_C
7ù: ` a!bw Þ c!d Þ!ef,O@ e
.@ ')
&.01.? ')hô9:Uãe_gÌ °Shi
gjAhôklc< e  R A m n jo[pq
Yhôgj)78àñàóY» hô¨
rs|tuvwxy!ØÙ(z {|s| ST-}
~78ö!£=>¬?@ %&D
E91;<)°A.677¿!d?
>Ý»hôàñ"àó#\^ìÿ_7)°  ©
ªgUÀDEü » h ô àñ
Sw:x)ST ; > Ý 6 7  6  3p2
)°²wE¿"&.#&.?1.Q ')
ò à ó 07 8 g 4 ö `s|Y
ò"A(#*ð"\*# *T"d&#5»hôó!
 . e- ')!òàóàó;<9".,? e
+./#c.,Q$
&+,1+. ')d?  £  *A .*
B².Q).=78xZ¡¢¾òà
óGHjF!£¤.9ELMA_ +,./ !©ªñ
¥)òàó¦s§( ì¨Þàó!©Þàó
òàñOûü)ê C ?,, e+ @,, )
7ª*W«
¬78S!*AR7ªE® Ó  
¯wòàóU1¢E!ORAzR
òàó°òY9&./!+,1+. ')
78nj»hôõö:9±0Yh"PF#*
²"P8# *ò"A(#5hôõö:9: ; <&./!+.1+- ')
|9³Uã<_SÜnj i ´ )Róµ
«¶³)A.·Æ3Rm.-f>7¿78»
hôõö:=^¾»¸ ¹*ºSa »*J¼5S
w:xXY'78ST½ ìí!¾IN¿À"
´»hôõö: S w:xÁ;! A.
=^78nj§DE.=789EÃ Ä Å
¢¾ÆÄS"Ç)
C7÷ø;< 0° C 7 ù:~È )  
÷ø&+B 1+@')£%&QUÆ + ,,, »²C7
ù:÷øö&|ìIÉ!Ó°RC
7ù:AY÷ø Ê Ë  J ÷ø
ÌUA . 6u k lÍ Îü 9±J ÷ø  Ï)
ËA!36ApR÷øß9 Ð 
??, c.,?$!«±_S ?,, e. ,,, Ï÷øß;
<9)÷ø;<®ÓÑR»hôàñ*ò
B0/+.
%2&2'2(2)2*2+
3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8 +,+,!+,"-.#

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
àó»hôõ ö : ; < Ò×  Ç ° 789: ;
<&+/1+0 ')A. . = "Ó²=^C7÷ø;<
DE¨½ªJ  > Ý  . Q)+,.@ !Ô@°AC
DR7>Ý -, c.,B_)
+÷ ø ù!+,.? ! °
36R> Ý ¾ ÌU.@, c.,B_)
+÷øù
E!°R1
CDR78Õì¾ B²|9Ö)°
+,.-%+,.@ !$}!A.STXY ZÆRA 2
7*36R7pR7×ؾÙ
ÇXY!ÚľR A27p7÷ø
;<|9J É@E!¨ÃÄ ¾ÛÜÝ uÞ
ßÉ@àá&+?1+Q')
V_.=7¿=> â»ÚÄåØ !z'
ãgS = > ä å|!¦×A . 6 7 7 ¿ 7
89:; < = à æªç£ L =  )Ø Ù!
(èé+, êë /, !=ì!A.í=^¾67
`aù : ÷ ø   D E!± - U d î E
67p2ï '7627E!× ã D E E
ðñòó¾Aô7*Aõ  õ Î (+, ê
ëQ, ! -^N6õ ö W 7 E)7 ú  0 <
÷ø:T ®fiùúh[* ï!°û ü i*
ýi*¸þ 5ÿ!³  Üs| "D# $  ö &
%Î&Ä£9:)'âs| ½ ((z)* Õ
ì+7º7ú9&-, ')?,0-ý.z
+üSEú9!U °" /ë 7  - $
J9:° 7R ê § È 5³  Ü0I £ s|(×,
0-ýzÜº7Fs|ú9)A.£
»17ú9±!= > 2Ç# 3 !Å!4£5)7 ú
ìÂ6 $!TP6!(  _ ä 7 8 97:
S!J91;<!Ë1;@ _ 78µ
Ï!"Ó7R91 =ÃÑ)67 
ú9;<!U9 : £ <µ*µ=*>=µ*?T
9*@Aµ5"&.#&-,')
?>/0L245MNOPQR
?@=>0SL245TUVOP
V_Æú9;<B C9ã!6 7+7ú9 X
YVãD)67 ú 9 ; <EF>µ*@Aµ*G
HI9*?T9*JH9*ú h*µ=ú*K59!
ËA@Aµ*>µ59w)?T9L M)7 6G
W7üûüç»!£N_»ûüú9ù
I&-.1-+')6 7 p 2 º7ú9 £ J  _`
!?T9  >µì ÿ #\^)6732*62
'27¿!£9 :  ?T9*>µ*@Aµ*h
Oµ5(76 W 6 2 '2ºê7¿?T9  !
£hOµ@Aµìÿ#P)
ú9;<9(zQâ  ½ wE9
:Y9 E Õ ì u ~)A.STXYZ5ORë
ST¢¾ú9Õìî¥"`.#&-B 1-/ ')zÙî¥!
67º7ú9£6$;<É@&.?!-.1-- ')67Ã
Äú9wE"&+*&-# !ËA!Uú9wE .0
²*"Uú9E -- ²"&+# ) 67p2+7ú9
U@Aµ*hOµ*>µ5!IA°V*W*X
3*Y36º7E!êC°+, )zº!Z+7
ú9!ù : U  A [ú(
"UwE  Ð
@ ,,, _)
+!9U?T9*hOµ*>µ5!F
êCE°£ìÿ!9±ûüº\cêÜü]ú
9!ù:UA^ú)672+7ú9£9
:U£?T9*>µ!Vpv6!Y9EV7ü.
Øìÿ7ü._eìÿ&-+1-B')6762£
`\abï!+7ú9b6pvcp1
63v
ìÿ!g)êC.Ø!£9:?T9!>µ*
hOµ'@Aµ)6732+7ú9gØ_ê
C.ìÿ!U?T9*>µ*@A µ!Ë@ h
Oµ&-@1-/ ')
W=>/0L245QXYO
A+2,&=>9,+$$./.'+(.#*#/$+*<#"&"&$#1"'&$.*090
9:ûü c½ *Ñ½!4C$
ü Aü dü
@Aµ.,, e+,, 8C)
--,, e@,, 8C)
-".,B.,-e.,B+ c., +e.,-
>µ. e.@ _8C)
-B e/ _8C)
-"+ c.,@, "@ e+ c.,@. e@ c.,B
JH9-, 8C)
-@, e0, 8C)
-"@ c., -,"@ e@ c.,-. e@ c.,+
?T9g., _8C)
-g.@ _8C)
-".,/,"+ e. c., /,"B e+ c.,@
hOµg. _8C)
-g."@ _8C)
-".,@,"+ eB c., @,"B e+ c.,B
Kµ.,, e.@, 8C)
-+,, e-,, 8C)
-"B c., B,"@ eB c.,B,". e, "@ c.,B
h- 8C$ @ 8C$ "? + e? ,"B e+
e9: ., 8C)
-+, e-, 8C)
-"@ c., +. e@ c., +,"+ e. c.,+
I9: %-, e@, 8C)
-"+ c., -,"@ e+ c.,-. e@+ c.,+
µ=ú% % ".,0,". e. c., 0,"+ e. c.,/
@0/+.
+,+,!+,"-.#,-.!5$67789:;<=>?@

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
&+267/£Jú9:wìÿ
d48O+2PM*(<)%7:4#$<4MF$4(* (JJ(F<$9L&#(J)4*&<%76&%^9#%*: )4*&<%7#4* 3A3
?@?>Z2,[\]
é$ú9s|ìÿUØ£&-B!-0'$#|
9:Tã <($ù  : û ü(%7 R ê § È Ê Ë(
&SsSf('ù³)
ù:<wé$ú9ûü ìÿ!gM<
h9 D!h  iT !ú9s|(Î%
Ah)9<h!ùújkhk!hN _|9)
6732Ylmµ¼T9 ú 9)?,ãeA
n%o'pT | Ø!×,»áq r | Ø(
67p2÷ø:TUãest7uü!<÷
ø:TVh i c 4v w7!°Uûüi x :!é
$+7ú9y]ìÿ(6762ú9Azª
9:{»!|}zª:Tã< ~£ãe7 8zª
:!A£ÎÞÁWzªo >:)672
ú9Y>µ*?T9*l m µ*µ*µµú
9:<ìã e    *Zabh"ûøW
3puv#hO²uv:<)2ú9:
<ãeOhêÀ!EF7 6W'A6 Wp2
6**  5êÀp 2ù  : 
<µ*µ=T9Ò _,O+!zhU!Zab
h*hh ù ú ã 62ù :  <µ*
µ=T9Ò ,O. e,O+)
Jú9 :   IAù  : 8 T û ü é $)
d?67ú9wE8TûüU ^ú!Ë@
úTú*A^ú 5&-+!-B!-0')67ï`a ù
:UVùÝùS|!£©ú*
/0/+.
%2&2'2(2)2*2+
3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8 +,+,!+,"-.#

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
&-267ú9;<&&-B!-0'
d48O-2a&&^%7F%$4(* (J#%*: )4*4*8<&#(F<'&#4* 3A3&-B!-0'
ú©µ*Aú*[ú*ú T ú*^ú*ú*øT
ú*úTø*ø Tú*TM:ú*TM
:©T[ú*ú1
ú1
ø*ó¡÷øú5 .@
ùû ü)7tAù : # ^!°7u*=¢
ï  ù  : # [)w£9 :  ¼ T 9*?T
9*hOµ*¤?9*>µ*µ*¥Ðµ*7µ*
¦µ5!§9:zµ=*<µU)67ïù 
ýK<:T!ù tu!:T[!M:÷
ø»!¨nY9)Ýï 0,h®
ù:òó!*© s|_ªçåê-7  - $!
r«Nx:)ÆïùD ECw!q
©ðñÓ¬N!°7 -$ ù:N\^x
:!¨)Ý)ê§ÈÊËRN¾®&-/')
hi<:Tw7¯!° ú9I£
NÁF)hi±²CD*D*ìÿ"I*<i
D!z'i9<EÆ 9 : ù ú£N)Ø Ù!
hiw7 [!ûü³´ _ s |*ÑUú9 9±
K)Ë@!hiw7[*hµ\*°¶S5 ú9
9:£N_IE¿&-B1-0')7Rê§È£ ú
9·¸äå¹J³ )ü÷ø :ºì
»78¦õú§!"¼ÄØ 7Rê§È)
*½'uvöe¾Æ7| ú 9 s|' Ëì
ÿ!")È)£é $ ³ !ØÙ!7 R ê §È+
7ú9£"(ìÄÀ)
67ù : A \"AF# * ¿"i%#)zª9 : À
µ¼T9£ÄÄ À)7 8Á/ÂÃÄ
E¿67A*g%zª÷øUìÿ E)U)
6778Á/E)Ëb7Eù  :  9D
E!(z>ÝAô7)Å7Æ2E¿ ù:
ûÇ!Ë} T"d&# *ð"\*#*È"G*# * ]">4#5
9ÉÊ_R7Ë*3R7Æ)Ì
A}¾`}67Å7ù: 5 h ô]
tu#Í!ÌU3R7 Æ)ù:A hôÍ
t])Ë:Tã<£Ä&-?1B,')
?@B>L245Z2^9
677¿ú9;<(Õì|9Ö!Îp
2<£Ï*÷ £*÷øh ô ú 9 |9Ö62a
bïú9|9Ö"&B#&.?!-B!-0')?,Kµ*>µ*
@Aµ*JH9*IeT9*?T9*úh*µ=ú5
U9:(×, >µ*?T9*@Aµ*hOµ
µµ5U9:)V7!в|9Ö
öÑÒg`Ý$ú 9 ûüVÒJ   ?T9*
úh*KµöÒJdIeT95÷£9
±(|ØûüV h | üNÓjü*7 | ü*ü(
pÔ6!ú99±hãh!!4hãh)
&B267ú9;<|9É@E
d48OB2K($&*$4%7%<&%(J#%*: )4*4*8<&#(F<'&#4* 3A3
B>_`IabcdVce45
)Rù:«Ò!67 àñàó ôhô 
DÒ#-!¤R!Å÷ø Y
9Ò#&B.1BB '!UzklÍÎsÕÈ)_àñ 
àó!rY9ÒRp2E¿¢.Ïz!Ò
Rp2¢-Ïz)67Tðàñàó«Æ_
§÷ø£}æÖ¬u÷ø×"A&#p
w!`ÝØ";F#ÙÚ}æ!rË»ìÛ.x!
)R p 2à ñ A÷ø»ìÛ . £Ü)Ì
`}67Tðàñ*àóÝ7ê³ Ò R
00/+.
+,+,!+,"-.#,-.!5$67789:;<=>?@

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
p2Þß!£Rp2TðàñÝ |³
àáÒ67àñ*àóÕJ&-.!B@')ÌA`}¾
78àñ*àóF1@ýù £Ä)âãä
CÇXY?@>ÝO²E¿£àñàó78.
åæç!¨ÃI¾»hôàñàó!ÙÇèé
¾ÃIÉMXYE»hôàñýþ!°Ùg
êE¿»hôàñ;<ÃIÇÈ"`+*`-#)
W?>/0abcefgW
A+2,&?>0(+(.#*$#/."#*+*<3+*C+*&$&'"1$(.*C .*090
ë½äSf½(êC C) àóC)) g
#1Q ì7ª. ,,, %Ríî
#1., A67ª- ,,, %Ríî
?j ïð7ª- B+Q . e@ Ríî
Qj ñ7ª- ../ .@ e+, Ríî
.,j A67ª- ,.B .@ e+, Ríî
òp7ªòp7ª+, %
óô7ªóô7ª. @,, ., e-, g1
An%zª
[I.0 + B0, a;Ûõß%
[I+. + .0, a;Ûõß%
[I+Q . +@, a;Ûõß%
B,5[I . ,,, -O@ k,O+ %
.0f-,l
zp C7g% % íî
GD@0 7Ë+ +-0 %g1
An%zª
GD/, 7Ë. /@, %g1
An%zª
HWI.0Q ì7ª- +0- @, íî
HWI.?,% ö7ª+ B-, ., e-,!)%N@, íî
HWI+-? ó7ª- ,B- .@ e+, íî
HWI+-Q ó7ª- ,Q- ., e+,!)%N@, íî
5K.0 ÷øùõ. ,BB ., e.- íî
5K-. úû\ @-? .@ e+, íî
5K0- üýþ Q-/ 0 e? íî
DXI.-B ÿ¡7ª. /,, `a ÿ¡õC
íî
DXI.-@ ÿ¡7ª. /,, `a ÿ¡õC
íî
DXI.-Q !7ª. 0,, `a íî
DXI.B. 3õ3. -,, `a ù:
WB>/0abcdfgW
A+2,&B>0(+(.#*$#/."#*+*<3+*C+*&$&*#<1,&$.*090
ë½äSf½(êC C) àñ
0Q1-- % %
?+1-- . /@/ <. e+O? ')!óa. e@ ')!
ef -. e-0 ')!+O. ')
.,j %- ,.B óa - e@ ')
[I.? - B,, "sÞ*dàñ
[I+, . ,0, "sÞ*dàñ
[I+- . B,, "sÞ*dàñ
[I-@ . @,, %
BB5[I 0,, ef B, ')
I1B1.- - ,Q, %
3P.1+? + ,,, »s§*DB _8C)
-
GD?/ Aä¬ . QB@ wÞ*#wÞ
HWI.?, ì7ªg$- B-Q #wÞ!ef + e@ ')
DXI.B. 3õ3. -,, <%Þàñ
B@=>cdhceOPTU
67ðàñM< t u  °Ð&Ý!{<Û
õßÛ 'ß)Ë°s| U + A{|¾Z7 R 
()*&BB1B@')° A ."@67 X Y ->
ÝAõöW62C7S'3õ ö W 3 6'62
ìÿ£»hôàñ)â<¯+!L£.,
1Tðàñ*.+ 1àó',-àñ"!m. ))#)
Å×ã . n.,, Ý677RSTXY C
w!Tðàñ*àóë½á9Aðñ°{"`+*
-#) d?.!> ÝTðàñ£ .+ 1!à ó
+. 1"&@*`-#!*©ìÿ_.+f>zp*..-f;z
3 C 7  E)àñ U1 _ A2 '
C7/!êC_. ,,, e+ ,,, )!Pá( R
- B,, )(àód1_Aô7Ë/ª*7
s!?,êC#!(R - ,,, e- @,, )!×,#
d!. ,,, e+ B,, ))õöW!AõsS
úû\Î°0>ÝÒ#àñ!ef B e@ ')!
Uê|ûüàñ)àó. e- ')!Pá(R
@ e0 ')!¤óô7ª*AõsSF£)67àñ*à
ó\"AF# *]">4# *ò"A(#ß9·fÒ# -!Å
1Y÷ø!£#$;<É@&.01.Q!+Q!-01B+ ')
&@267àñ*àóìÿ&
d48O@2I4#$<4MF$4(* (J4<(* )%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#%*:
'<F#$4*84* 3A3
B@?>i@jcd#e$23,-k+TU
7|Tðàñ*àó9:UTðXö:
"(1\*V
+*d&
+V
-#2Xö : &\* "VH#B*
d&V"VH# ' cYêXö:"\*V
+
+!H
+V*d&
+V
-
+!H
+V#)
Y3.4353¥6ìí`}!7|àñ*àó
9:à7+D8º-!»Äs9Þc:9
Þ*;<£N- 7 çÞ à S!-aÞ*F=>a
Þ*w?Þ*@aÞ'qAÞ5S:&B-1B@')
?0/+.
%2&2'2(2)2*2+
3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8 +,+,!+,"-.#

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
àñàó Y3.43ìí`}$67ù
:ATðàñàóV»  9 :7|)BC
50UY3.43ÆàñIÉ!D}ËUV
ð9".,Pêð9#Eêð97|!ÙK£Fð
9*·T9¼T 95&-? 1-Q !B+')Fª Y3.43Û
.»bG3ü!z-ôDýþ)7|àóð
9:Uð9êHð9!Ë@K£Eêð 9
ø9:*<µ*Àµ*IJµ5÷ø9:)-à
ñ Y3.43ìíàä`}!-àñUà7«
Vð9*Eêð9êHð97|&B+!B/1B?')
67àó9:7|)67àñ«!Å)KYê
Hð9Ràó«Ò!d)°#Ü)wÓ
(1\*V
+°XöÜùê|Xö:!
7|àó`%9:!£67àóLYêHð9
!KYð9!M°9:7|ç}àñ&BQ1@,')
B@B>cd"ceIlmno,-k+TU
67 à ñ *à ó  ÷ ø   ß9°  
./.O.+@ c., o@ !ÒAR"AK#Eàñ".B,OQ/ c
., o@# *3   R "AA#Eà ñ ".,+O/@ c., o@ #8
&@.1@+ ')÷øìÿ) R à ñ*àóû Ç!* ©
°£Ö¬u!rØ";F#z?§÷øÊæN!
Ø";F#z×ªx)°»áOP Ü!×"A&#
°4Õ&æQp w)Å°Xö+ DÒ# -
-!A(z Ö w)RS67c R!ù 
:÷øìÿ4 ÕL×"A&#!A8) àñ*àó
g«Ç!ÎO÷ø°ù:àóA £«F
ìÿ4Õ)Ì|}* © ÷ø£F ã
<!£và ñ*àó ÷ ø ã e78ù :)6 7
÷øìÿ4Õ£ß×"A&#Öw!Óà
ñ*àóA÷øU  ã e 7ê!£àó A 
v7TTðXö:T7êA÷ø í ¢  J
æ´)67àñ*àó÷øY967ù :
.. Ï!Ì|}÷øUI°à ñ*à óA
£×"A&#w)¤&/FQ!×"A&#°67
"HWI.0Q*HWI.?,%*HWI+-?#àñ*àóAI
uº!ÛUV ÷ øß9@,h!ËAòp7
ª*óô7ª*¹ô7ª"[I.0 #õsSà ñ
°ÒR à ó*àñ£ç w !|}6
7 7 8  WTXö + Dç!ç£N_
T"d&# *ò"A(#ùXI!ÌA67Tòàó*à
ñ«Æç  gØ&@-1@B')6 7 O ² à ó E
"HWI.0Q*HWI.?,%*HWI+-? #÷ø "Y 9
Û.)RÛ.gJj&@-1@/'!|}*©£
«Ç%!ß9ì+-?O.@ c., o@ *+//O+? c., o@ *
+/@O0/ c., o@ ¾*Ñ=Ã½!ËÇ°;<YZ
ªÄ[&@01/,')O²àóë½÷øß9°
RN +@/O0- c., o@ !_@ÃIàñ 
"HWI.?,#÷øß9°".,0OQ. c., o@ #
+Ï)HWI.?, ë½àñ÷øß9°)3
R"AA#Eàñ .,+O/@ c., o@ «&@-!/,')
&/2A÷øY9)3RRàóÆÒ
d48O/256&'(*$&*$(J<%<&&%<$6 &7&)&*$#4* $6&#%)L7&#%*:
$6&'<F#$%7'()L%<4#(* M&$!&&* $6&&%#$&<* K%'4J4'%*:
$6&!&#$&<* K%'4J4'
D>pK012345qrV7s
+,.? !F¡&N\,aVKV3-èéCÇ
ëçq673pNÆA62]^*7ªý
_ùE× Ø ¾78:;!`+ ?++ /,, * )47&
". * )47&p. ?@+ )# !Ô@°6778>ݾZnj
ab!¨|cÃINZnjde)b©)°67
+$7ª>ÝZnjEìfg,6h-nj
E,i-njE)ËA!VIZnjdecn
jùX:jS|,6h-njEàáP£0,, )
<"&0*&?#) A.%&BC7%&)*+DEF
=ìN,C7ksä-æqÇêç=^67789
:;<XYDE!«)DECw!K4>Ý
ç»àñàó*njõö:*C7÷ø*78ú95
789:;<)
&026778>ÝZnjE½(
d48O02X('%$4(*#(JL%7&(169:<($6&<)%7T(*&4* 3A3
Q0/+.
+,+,!+,"-.#,-.!5$67789:;<=>?@

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
&?2ZnjEÃIµ
d48O?2a('_ #%)L7&#'(77&'$&: 4* $6&L%7&(169:<($6&<)%7%<&%
E>/001234567tuVvw
E@=>xytu
ÔQ!q©lÎ<¯mn67 789; <¤
¥s|!¤|9ëx*ì ÿ ! " );<95⻵
¶)67C7»hôàñ"ó#s|*I;<Ç
È!CêR i*78o*ù:t ]*] ^
i´op5¼cÄi³àácé$!B& %
qr"stquvÎCwDE wQ)Ù!
67C7»hô à ñ "ó# ;)áâU<|
_+, êëx!y£zRi*]^³JàáØ
z:{DE!r;|ö*Ó¬£Z5%!Ay
£Æå>ÝÃI*g£|ä×Ø}~I|
DE!s|»hôàñ"ó#;<%jDE'
67C7»hôàñ"ó#;<XYä)ØÙ!
±B= ^ 67C7»hôà ñ "ó# | 9 4
Õ*|ë$É@EÕ5×ØDE)
Ë@!d ?  7 8 9: ; < X Y ) = Ã ' (
Î;<ÉÃ  B C)d ? q ©Æ 6
7789 :; < Ç È K    Ó¬!D E »
°Ä%ìí¶! £  Ä9 
´' (!  C7 ; < H I   Ú
Ä%!!ST4C7HI Î È  !
°å'(Ãu K!Ø Ù £ Ú  > ^åü*
ÎC7 8 9 : ;< H I  '(!7 8
;< = >  7 R * +  L î£È'(
kl)
E@?>vw
6778´91;<d?Ò#Ä78
ú9;<)67ú9;<Ë!ÊË676
2!¬îJ.+D!ØUq©KÆÏÐ;<O
£@)f£!Ëb789:;<°.Q_`S
½Ñö=ÃBJå^ê)g_67S
TÊË!ÆÒ677¿).=789:;<!4*
;<T9*=Ã'(ÊË*àá*Á5
2Ø!%jìí67789:;<=>?@)à
j76GeV´W>^!Õ*1ÑÿZÁB
C5Ø!Æ67789:;<GY=> B
C*$DBC*ÁBC*'(BC*_`BC5u
×دÀìí!76G789:;<=>*
gSäå¼îQâ)àjA.R91=>
L!>^×)6778Ã9å¡!ä¢É
ÃêÜs!×$789:;<ÉÃî
£¤)䢥¯7R91¡'(´À!v
.Q¦½È§76G67;<=>¨O©ª
O!£¤=>M§«¯)
z { * |
.2\]7RSTXYZ"
67STSw:x&I&\'"
¬$A.
?7&¢®¯!+,.@"
UF%*8T6(F \%<4*&U&(7(893F<^&9"56&%7$7%#(J8&(7(89q 8&(L691
#4'#(J$6& 3(F$6 A64*% 3&%&\'" 54%*Z4*$A64*% \%<4*&$4)&
K<&##!+,.@"
+2°±²!/c|!³ê´!5"
úûSµ¶?½(H·&D'"
%&'()*+!+,.@!.@ "+# $ ?1.-"
Y4&Y4%(ZF*!G6%*8U(*8'6&*8!X4F 364N4%*8!&$%7"I4#'F##4(* (*
$6&L(#4$4(* (Ja&&: M%#4* M&J(<&4$#:<4J$
&D'"3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89
%*: ;*84*&&<4*8!+,.@!.@ "+# $ ? 1.-"
-2¸2Z!¹2º!»¼½!5"
67p2Tðàñ|Ø'
È)Þ§&D'"
nÖ7R&!+,.0!-/"+# $ B? 1@Q"
G6(*8W4!A6&* G6(*8!\(P4M4*!&$%7"U&*&#4#(J4<(* %*: )%*8%1
*&#&*(:F7&#%*: $6&4<(''F<<&*'&4* $6&*(<$6&<* L%<$(J$6&3(F$6
A64*%3&%&D'"P'$%V'&%*(7(84'%34*4'%!+,.0!-/ "+# $ B?1@Q"
B2/¾¿!¹À Á!/ 7 Â"A.  7 ST)9 1; < &\'"p
Ã$7R¢®¯!+,,@$-/? 1-0@"
G6%*8H(*8$%(!A6&* i%*89%*!G6%*8H%4b4"A64*&#&(JJ#6(<&8&(1
7(89%*: )4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#&\'" i&4Z4*8$V'&%* K<&##!+,,@$
-/?1-0@"
@2,2¥!Äv!¥ÅÆ"
»9:4ü°!Ç%SaA¬
&D'"
%&'()*+!+,.-!.- "-,# $ Q,.?1Q,+B "
EF D4%*!HF Y4%*89%*8!H&36&*874*"PLL74'%$4(* (J)F7$41)4*&<%7
)(:&74* '()L7&N74$6(7(84'#$<%$%&D'"3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*841
*&&<4*8!+,.-!.- "-,#$ Q,.?1Q,+B "
/2Èû}!ÉË}!ÊËÌ!5"
õö9:Í´ÀA饽¥
)9:Î?}¥;Ï³  'ËÍÂ&D'"%& ' ( )*
+!+,,B!B"?# $ //? 1/0."
VF X&)4*8!d&*8]4)4*8!XF W4L4*8!&$%7";7&'$<('(FL7&'(<<(#4(*
%*: J7($%$4(* (J)4*&<%7L%<$4'7&#4* %J7($%$4(* #9#$&) (J#F7L64:&)41
*&<%7&D'"3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8!+,,B!B"?#$ //?1/0."
02Ð4!ÑÒ½!ÓÔÔ!5"
x×jxÕéÖ9)þ
,?/+.
%2&2'2(2)2*2+
3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8 +,+,!+,"-.#

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
uÚÄu~&D'"
%&'()*+!+,.@!.@ ".0# $ B01@, "
XF(D46F4!XF aF4M4*!D4%*8X474!&$%7"P* 4)L<(^&: )&$6(: J(<:&1
$&<)4*4*8<&%#(*%M7&!&77'(*$<(7<&#&<^&#%*: <&'(^&<9&D'"3'4&*'&
5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8!+,.@ !.@".0# $ B0 1@,"
?2¹å«!×ØÙ"
67 EÏÚX}Õ Û´Üú(Ø%LM SD
&D'"
%&'()*+!+,.B!.B "+Q# $ .?@1.?? "
A6&* Y4*r%*!E%*8DF*J&*8";NL&<4)&*$%7:&)(*#$<%$4(* (J#4)L7&
#%*: '(*$<(7J&%#4M474$9(J%:ZF#$)&*$!&774* 3(F$6 A64*%3&%E (471
J4&7: &D'"3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8!+,.B !.B "+Q # $
.?@1.??"
Q2¹2Ý!Þ2ß!ÞOà!5"
ÏÐSw:x'(×^&D'"
%&
'()*+!+,+,!+, "B# $ .+?Q1.-,."
A6&* E&4!X4Y4%!X4H(*8Z4*8!&$%7!P:^%*'&#4* (47%*: 8%#8&(1
L69#4'%7$&'6*(7(89
&D'"3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8!+,+,!
+,"B# $ .+?Q 1.-,."
.,2UF%* W!3F* Y\!D4%*8YI!&$%7"56&&JJ&'$(Jd&1\* )4*&<%7#
%*: #&%!%$&<4*$&<J%'&%*: &*<4'6)&*$)&'6%*4#)(J(<&1J(<)4*8&7&1
)&*$#(JL(79)&$%774''<F#$#%*: * (:F7&#J<() $6&3(F$6 A64*%3&%
&D'"P'$%V'&%*(7(84'%34*4'%!+,.0!-/ $.1.- "
..2a(*%KP"a&#(F<'&#(J$6&#&%J7((<
&D'"3'4&*'&!+,,- !+QQ$/0-1
/0B"
.+2 i%$F<4* U!IFM4*'6F_ `"A()L(#4$4(* (JJ&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#
J<() a48%i%9"i%7$4'3&%# & D'"V'&%*(7(89!+,,Q!BQ $...1.+, "
.-2i(8:%*(^WP!UF<^4'6 ;!i(8:%*(^%VW!&$%7"d&<<()%*8%*&#&
*(:F7&#(J$6&[%<%3&%&D'"V'&%*(7(89(J$6&aF##4%* P'%:&)9(J
3'4&*'&#!.QQ@!-B $0++10-+ "
.B2U(*Ts7&TdD!3()(T%X!H&4* Da!&$%7"K6(#L6(<4$&#!A(1<4'6
\* *(:F7&#!%*: d&1\* '<F#$#J<()U%74'4%i%*_!>;P$7%*$4'$<&1
J7&'$4(*#(JA&*(T(4'$&'$(*4'#%*: L%7&('&%*(8<%L69&D'"U&('6&)1
4#$<9U&(L69#4'#U&(#9#$&)#
!+,./!.0 $-B/1-0B "
.@2>(T%_45!5(_F)%<F P!5%_%9%W!&$%7"\%Z(<%*: $<%'&&7&)&*$
'()L(#4$4(*# %*: <&#(F<'& L($&*$4%7(JJ&<<()%*8%*&#& '<F#$%$
5%_F9(I%48(3&%)(F*$!*(<$6!&#$&<* K%'4J4'V'&%* &D'"U&('6&)1
4'%7D(F<*%7!+,./ !@,$@+01@-0 "
./2¹áâ!/7M!ãä"
ARA.67òàó÷ø
Swö&&D'"
7RST)"/ëST!+,,/!+/$B@ 1@,"
A6&* 36(F9F!G6%*8H%4#6&*8!G6%(K&*8:%"a%<&&%<$6 &7&)&*$
8&('6&)4#$<9(J'(1<4'6 '<F#$4* $6&)4:1K%'4J4'%*: 3(F$6 A64*%3&%
&D'"\%<4*&U&(7(89%*: ]F%$&<*%<9U&(7(89!+,,/!+/ "B# $
B@1@,"
.02³åq!Æ&À!æçÙ!5"3R 78 à ñ'«Ä ù 
: ÷ ø   Swö&ýþ&D'"7 R & !.QQQ !+.$
.-B1.B."
X4F D46F%
!X4* YF&6F4!X4%*8H(*8J&*8!&$%7"a;;#8&('6&)4#$<9
(J*(:F7&#%*: %##('4%$&: #&:4)&*$#J<() $6&;%#$&<* K%'4J4'&D'"
P'$%V'&%*(7(84'%34*4'%!.QQQ !+.$.-B 1.B."
.?2¹2º!èéê!ë2ì!5"A.7¿ ´91;<ì ÿ '
ËEÕ%%%ú9;<Tð"-#àñ1
àó&D'"
7RST )"
/ëST!+,,/!+/"@# $ .,. 1.,?"
A6&* G6(*8
!W%*8HF4*4*8!W%* E&*!&$%7"I4#$<4MF$4(*#%*: :41
^4#4(*#(J)4*&<%7<&#(F<'&#4* $6&#&%%<&%#(JA64*%$L7%'&<:&L(#4$
%*: J&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&C'<F#$&D'"\%<4*&U&(7(89%*: ]F%$&<1
*%<9U&(7(89!+,,/!+/ "@# $ .,.1.,? "
.Q2íþî!×7ô!¤hM!5"67 7» h ôàñ ) R
»hôàñÆÒ&D'"ÐÆ&&"Sw % &®# ! +,.Q!BQ
".#$ +/.1+00 "
W4* G6&*8N4*!E%*8H%4J&*8!H%* D4*#6&*8!&$%7"A()L%<4#(* M&1
$!&&* $6&)%<84*%71#&%L(79)&$%774'*(:F7&#4* 3(F$6 A64*%3&%%*:
('&%* L(79)&$%774'*(:F7&#&D'"D(F<*%7(JD474* R*4^&<#4$9!+,.Q !
BQ".# $ +/. 1+00"
+,2ï'ð!Þ¯ñ"
67Tðàñ"ó#÷øSwö&&D'"
7R)oò!.QQ-!+B ".# $ -,B1-.-"
i%(U&*:&!X4]F%*N4*8"U&('6&)4#$<9(J<%<&&%<$6 &7&)&*$#4*
J&<<()%1*8%*&#&*(:F7&#"'<F#$##(J$6&3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'"
V'&%*(7(84%"#X4)*(7(84%34*4'%!.QQ-!+B".# $ -,B 1-.-"
+.2ï'ð!Þ¯ñ"
67Tðàñ"ó#Swö&DE&D'"
nÖ7R&!.QQ.!.,"-# $ BB 1@,"
i%(U&*:&
!X4]F%*N4*8"U&('6&)4#$<9(J&7&)&*$#4* J&<<()%*8%1
*&#&*(:F7&#"'<F#$##J<() $6&3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'" 5<(L4'
V'&%*(7(89!.QQ.!.,"-# $ BB 1@,"
++2A<(*%* I"3()&'(*$<(7#(* $6&8&('6&)4'%7^%<4%M474$9(J)%*8%1
*&#&*(:F7&#!4$6 L%<$4'F7%<<&J&<&*'&$($6&$<(L4'%73(F$6 K%'4J4'
&D'"U&(7(84'%73('4&$9!.QQ0!..Q$.-Q 1.@."
+-2E%*8WD!H%* Y]!K&$&<#&* 3!&$%7"\4*&<%7(89%*: $<%'&&7&1
)&*$8&('6&)4#$<9(J#F7J4:&)4*&<%7#J<() $6&E('%* H9:<($6&<)%7
d4&7: (* $6&#7(!1#L<&%:4*8A%<7#M&<8a4:8&!=*:4%* V'&%*&D'"V<&
U&(7(89a&^4&!#!+,.0 !?B$.1.Q "
+B2[%$(W!dFZ4*%8%[!>%_%)F<%[!&$%7"I&&L1#&%)F: 4* $6&K%1
'4J4'V'&%* %#%L($&*$4%7<&#(F<'&J(<<%<&1&%<$6 &7&)&*$#
&D'">%1
$F<&U&(#'4&*'&!+,.. !B"?# $ @-@1@-Q"
+@2W%#F_%!%[!>%_%)F<%[!dFZ4*%8%[!&$%7"5<%'_4*8$6&#L%$4(1
$&)L(<%7^%<4%$4(*#(J#$%$4#$4'%7794*:&L&*:&*$'()L(*&*$#4*^(7^4*8
&*<4'6)&*$(J<%<&1&%<$6 &7&)&*$#4* :&&L1#&%#&:4)&*$#&D'"3'4&*1
$4J4'a&L(<$#!+,./ !/$+Q/,-"
+/2K4L&<IG"a%<&&%<$6 &7&)&*$#4* $6&#&:4)&*$%<9'9'7&$%#F))%<9
&D'"A6&)4'%7U&(7(89!.Q0B!.B "B# $ +?@1-,B"
+02K4L&<IG"a%<&&%<$6 &7&)&*$#4* J&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#%*: ($6&<
)%<4*&L6%#&#&D'"U&('64)4'%"#A(#)('64)4'%P'$%!.Q0B!-?
"0#! .,,01.,++ "
+?2ì÷!Rî"
RA2»hôàñM:S a&D E&D'"
7RST)"/ëST!.QQB"+# $ Q@ 1.,-"
HF%*8W(*89%*8!IF%* E&4!F"i4(#$<%$48<%L64'#$F:9(JL(79)&$%71
74'M(:F7&# 4* '&*$<%7K%'4J4' V'&%* &D'" \%<4*& U&(7(89 q
]F%$&<*!.QQB"+# $ Q@1.,- "
+Q2×óô!¹õö!,}÷"
Tðàñ÷ø-9Sw ö
&'Ë|Ø&D'"
7R)oò!.Q?B!.@ "/# $ @,.1@.B"
E%*8Y4%*ZF&!A6&* WF!&4!EF \4*8b4*8"U&('6&)4#$<9(J<&%*:
$<%'&&7&)&*$#4* J&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#%*: $6&4<8&*&#4#&D'"A641
*&#& D(F<*%7(JV'&%*(7(89 %*: X4)*(7(89!.Q?B !.@ "/# $
@,.1@.B"
-,2ø¸"
òàó÷øýþ'ËÂQ&D'"
9:&!+,.@!-@
"3.# $ ---1--B"
a&* D4%*8M("A6%<%'$&<4#$4'#%*: 4)L74'%$4(*#(J<%<&&%<$6 '<F#$4*8#
<4'6 4* '(M%7$
&D'"P'$%\)4*&<%7(8934*4'%!+,.@!-@ "3. # $
---1--B"
-.2ì6ù"
A.7R;<)(lú>^&\'"
pÃ$%&¢® ¯!
+,,0$.,0 1..B"
HF%*8X4%*8)4*"A64*%r#)%<4*&<&#(F<'&#%*: #F#$%4*%M7&:&^&7(L1
)&*$
&\'"i&4Z4*8$3'4&*'&K<&##!+,,0 $.,01..B "
-+2ûüØ!ýþk!Æ}ÿ!5"76W /º7ú9 ; <ÇÈ
ºí&D'"
7R!+,.0!-/"B# $ B@? 1B/0"
K%* W%*ZF*!AF4aF9(*8!X4* \4*8_F*!&$%7"PM<4&J%*%79#4#(*
$6&L($&*$4%7(JL7%'&<<&#(F<'&#4* $6&#6%77(!#&%%<(F*: H%4*%* 4#1
7%*:&D'"V'&%* iF77&$4*!+,.0!-/ "B# $ B@? 1B/0"
--2!2å!"2!×# $!5"Æ%.+7ú9,gÓ
¬&D'"
7RST)"/ëST!.Q?@"B# $ B. 1B0"
5%* ]4N4*!3F* W%*!E%*8G64N4!&$%7"i%#4'F*:&<#$%*:4*8(J
'(%#$%7#%*: :&L(#4$#4* A64*%&D'"\%<4*&]&(7(89%*: ]F%$&<*%<9
.?/+.
+,+,!+,"-.#,-.!5$67789:;<=>?@

!"#$!!!!"#$%&"'()"'*
U&(7(89!.Q?@"B#$ B.1B0 "
-B2!Âå"
A.7Rú9&D'"
A.ST!.QQ?"B# $ +- 1+/"
5%* ]4N4*"A64*%r#)%<4*&L7%'&<:&L(#4$#&D'"A64*%U&(7(89!
.QQ?"B# $ +- 1+/"
-@2&2'"SA . 7 R ú 9 ±û ü &D'"ê¸&&!.Q??
"+#$ BQ1/+ "
aF%* 54*8"59L&#(J)%<4*&L7%'&<:&L(#4$#4* A64*%&D'"D(F<*%7(J
>4*8M(R*4^&<#4$9!.Q??"+#$ BQ1/+ "
-/2()é!/Ä|!*+,"
st7u278£Jú ½
ìÿ)-9YZ&D'"
st7u!.QQQ"+# $ .-.1.-Q "
36&* aF(6F4!G6(F I4*8'6&*8!X4%(X4%*T6%("I4#$<4MF$4(* (J6486
8<%:&(JF#&JF76&%^9#%*: F*:&<$6&!&#$&<* 5%4!%* #$<%4$%*: #481
*4J4'%*'&(JL<(#L&'$4*8&D'"5%4!%* 3$<%4$!.QQQ"+#$ .-.1.-Q "
-02èéê!¹2º!ë2ì!5"677 ¿´91;< ) ìÿ
&A'CC
%.>ô¡Eï GI DE Sì I"
pÃ7R¢
®¯!+,,.$.,+1.,Q "
W%*8HF4*4*8!A6&* G6(*8!W%* E&*!&$%7"3(74: )4*&<%7<&1
#(F<'&%*: 4$#:4#$<4MF$4(* 4* 3(F$6 A64*%3&%P<&%&A'CCA(77&'$4(*
(Ja&#&%<'6 K%L&<#(* =*^&#$48%$4(* (JA64*%r#;N'7F#4^&;'(*()4'
G(*&%*: A(*$4*&*$%736&7J"i&4Z4*8$A64*%V'&%* K<&##!+,,.$
.,+1.,Q"
-?2BC"
67Tðù:zª÷øù:ý þ' Ëì ÿ! "
DE&D'"
nÖ7R!.Q?-!+"B# $ +/Q1+00 !--@1--/"
]4F A6F%*T6F"P#$F:9(* $6&'6%<%'$&<4#$4'#%*: :4#$<4MF$4(* (JJ&<1
<()%*8%*&#&#&:4)&*$%*: ^(7'%*4':&M<4##&:4)&*$4* 3(F$6 A64*%
3&%&D'"D(F<*%7(J5<(L4'%7V'&%*(8<%L69!.Q?- !+"B# $ +/Q1+00 !
--@1--/"
-Q2æ./!¹01!,Ú2!5"677 ð à ñý þ
'Swö&ÙÇDE&D'"n Ö7R&!.Q?? "-#$ .+1+, !
.,@1.,/"
X4%*8\&4$%(!A6&* 36%()(F!EF i46%(!&$%7"A6%<%'$&<4#$4'#%*:
8&('6&)4'%7#$F:4&#(J)%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#4* $6&#(F$6 A64*%#&%M%1
#4* %*: '(*$4*&*$%7#7(L&&D'"P'$%5<(L4'%7V'&%*(8<%L69!.Q??
"-#$ .+1+, !.,@1.,/ "
B,23£4!×25"A.ûü7¿Tðàñ&D'"STS!
.Q?@"@# $ B,B 1B.,"
G6F ;<b4*!E%*8]4"=<(* %*: )%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#4* '(%#$%7!%$&<#
(JA64*%&D'"U&(7(84'%7a&^4&!!.Q?@ "@# $ B,B 1B.,"
B.2¹Ø6"
67p2tTðà ñý þ &D'"7R!.Q?B"-# $
B/1@,"
A6&* DF*<&*"A6%<%'$&<4#$4'#(J4<(* %*: )%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#4* $6&
i&4MF 8F7J(J3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'"V'&%* iF77&$4*!.Q?B "-# $
B/1@,"
B+27\8!× ¬Ø"67Tðà ñ &D'"nÖ 7 R&!.QQ,
"B#$ +Q1-/ "
3F UF%*8b4*8!E%*8 54%*N4*8" =<(* 1)%*8%*&#& *(:F7&#4* $6&
#(F$6 A64*%#&%&D'" P'$%5<(L4'%7V'&%*(8<%L69!.QQ, "B# $
+Q1-/"
B-2;)&<9[V"A(*$4*&*$%7#6&7J#&:4)&*$#(J#(F$6&<* A%74J(<*4%&D'"
U&(7(84'%7 3('4&$9 (J P)&<4'% iF77&$4*!.Q@+!/- "..# $
..,@1..,?"
BB2;)&<9[V"a&74'$#&:4)&*$#(* '(*$4*&*$%7#6&7^&#(J!(<7: &D'"
PPKUiF77&$4*!.Q/?!@+ "-# ! BB@1B/B"
B@2¹õö!X9:"
6õöW7 EF½Swö&DE&\'"p
Ã$%&¢®¯!.QQ? "
A6&* WF!&4!UF4YF*$%*8"a&#&%<'6 (* 4#($(L&8&('6&)4#$<94* $6&
>%*#6%=#7%*:#&\'"i&4Z4*8$3'4&*'&K<&##!.QQ?"
B/2H&4* D!A(*<%: 5!d<%*_ \!&$%7"A(LL&<1*4'_&71<4'6!%)%78%)%1
$&: J&<<()%*8%*&#&'<F#$1*(:F7&:&L(#4$#J<() 36%$#_9a4#&
!>E
K%'4J4'&D'" U&('6&)4#$<9 U&(L69#4'# U&(#9#$&)#!+,.+ !.-$
.,001.,0?"
B02D4%*8YI!3F* Y\!UF%* W"i4(8&*4')4*&<%74T%$4(* 4* $6&J&<<(1
)%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#%*: '<F#$#J<()$6&3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'"D(F<*%7
(JP#4%* ;%<$6 3'4&*'&#!+,.Q!.0. $B/1@Q"
B?2X4*8Hd!iF<$(* [ E!Vr>4(*#a[!&$%7";^(7F$4(* (J>: %*:
KM 4#($(L&#4* A&*$<%7K%'4J4'#&%!%$&<J<() J&<<()%*8%*&#&'<F#$#
&D'";%<$6 %*: K7%*&$%<93'4&*'&X&$$&<#!.QQ0!.B/ $.1.+ "
BQ2K%$$%* D!K%<$64M%* U"U&('6&)4#$<9(JJ&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&1#&:41
)&*$L%4<#J<() A&*$<%7=*:4%* V'&%* i%#4* &D'"D(F<*%7(JP#4%*
;%<$6 3'4&*'&#!+,..!B, $@/Q1@?, "
@,2R#F4P!U<%6%)=D!I4$'6MF<* aU!&$%7"U<(!$6 64#$(<9%*: J(<1
)%$4(* &*^4<(*)&*$#(JJ&<<()%*8%*&#&:&L(#4$#(* $6&K6474LL4*&
3&%K7%$&!*(<$6!&#$K%'4J4'V'&%* &D'"=#7%*: P<'!+,,0!./ $
B+,1B-,"
@.2G6(*8W!A6&* G!U(*Ts7&TdD!&$%7"A()L(#4$4(* %*: 8&*&#4#(J
J&<<()%*8%*&#&:&L(#4$#J<() $6&*(<$6&<* 3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'"
D(F<*%7(JP#4%* ;%<$6 3'4&*'&#!+,.0 !.-? $..,1.+? "
@+2ø¸!¥ì!;4!5"R7ªò àó ÷ ø
[n  ý þ ' Ë Y Z &D'"S w % &!+,./ !B. "., # $
.0B@1.0@0"
a&* D4%*8M(!H&U%(!&*!W%(HF4b4%*8!&$%7"A6%<%'$&<4#$4'#%*:
#48*4J4'%*'&(J<%<&&%<$6 %*: L7%$4*F)8<(FL &7&)&*$#4* '(M%7$1<4'6
'<F#$(J#&4#6%* 4* $6&!&#$&<* K%'4J4'V'&%* &D'";%<$6 3'4&*'&!
+,./!B. ".,# $ .0B@1.0@0 "
@-2<ê4!"ì=" RA2ð à ñ÷ ø &D'"ST&
!.QQ+"+# $ .-@ 1.B0"
UF(364b4*!3F* E&*6(*8"a%<&&%<$6 &7&)&*$#4* )%*8%*&#&*(1
:F7&#4* $6&'&*$<%7K%'4J4'
&D'"P'$%U&(7(84'%34*4'%!.QQ+ "+# $
.-@1.B0"
@B2>ã6"
A. 67ð à ñ| Ø H·&D'"91)S T!.QQ@
"3.# $ +Q-1+Q?"
X%4X%4<&*"I4#'F##4(* (* $6&'%F#&#(J)%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#4* $6&
3(F$6 A64*%3&%
&D'"\4*&<%7#%*: U&(7(89!.QQ@"3.# $ +Q-1+Q?"
@@2Æ?ç!å@î!/ !5"673pETð àñ ý
þ|Ø&D'"
7RST)"/ëST!+,,-!+- ".# $ 01.+"
X4* G6&*6(*8!D4dF!F!G6%*8dF9F%*!&$%7"A6%<%'$&<4#$4'#%*:
(<484* (JJ&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#J<() $6&*(<$6&%#$&<* '(*$4*&*$%7
#7(L&(J$6&3(F$6 A64*%3&%&D'"\%<4*&U&(7(89%*: ]F%$&<*%<9
U&(7(89!+,,-!+-".# $ 0 1.+"
@/2;7:&<J4&7: H"!H%!_&#!(<$6 AD!U<&%^&#\ D!&$%7!a%<&&%<$6
&7&)&*$8&('6&)4#$<9(J('&%*4'J&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#%*: %##('41
%$&: #&:4)&*$#
&D'"U&('64)4'%"#A(#)('64)4'%P'$%!.Q?. !B@
"B#$ @.-1@+? "
@02;7:&<J4&7: H!U<&%^&#\ D">&8%$4^&'&<4F) %*()%74&#4* $6&<%<&
&%<$6 &7&)&*$L%$$&<*#(J('&%*4'J&<<()%*8%*&#&*(:F7&#&D'";%<$6
%*: K7%*&$%<93'4&*'&X&$$&<#!.Q?. !@@".# $ ./-1.0, "
@?2,-.!"ú¿!Þ÷!5"
67CêSTAB&\'"pÃ$
%&¢®¯!+,.Q"
EF 3648F(!3F* WF*M%(!X4]4*8L4*8!&$%7"I&&L!%$&<8&(6%T%<:#
4* $6&3(F$6 A64*%3&%&\'"i&4Z4*8$3'4&*'&K<&##!+,.Q "
@Q2a(*%KP"56&'6%*84*8^4#4(* (J)%<4*&)4*&<%7#&D'"V<&U&(7(89
a&^4&!#!+,,?!--"- 1B# $ /.?1/// "
/,2H&4* Da!\4T&77[![(#'64*#_9P!&$%7"I&&L1('&%* )4*&<%7:&1
L(#4$#%#%#(F<'&(J'<4$4'%7)&$%7#J(<64861%*: 8<&&*1$&'6*(7(89%L1
L74'%$4(*#$A()L%<4#(* !4$6 7%*:1M%#&: <&#(F<'&#&D'"V<&U&(7(89
a&^4&!#!+,.-!@.$. 1.B"
+?/+.
%2&2'2(2)2*2+
3'4&*'&5&'6*(7(89%*: ;*84*&&<4*8 +,+,!+,"-.#