Content uploaded by Eko PRIYO Purnomo
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Eko PRIYO Purnomo on Dec 08, 2020
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
EKOLOGI PEMERINTAHAN Bureaucratic Inertia dalam Alih Fungsi Lahan Memahami dari Aras Global dan Lokal
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
A central question for information systems (IS) researchers and practitioners is if, and how, big data can help attain a competitive advantage. To address this question, this study draws on the resource-based view, dynamic capabilities view, and on recent literature on big data analytics, and examines the indirect relationship between a firm’s big data analytics capability (BDAC) and competitive performance. The study extends existing research by proposing that BDACs enable firms to generate insight that can help strengthen their dynamic capabilities, which, in turn, positively impact marketing and technological capabilities. To test our proposed research model, we used survey data from 202 chief information officers and IT managers working in Norwegian firms. By means of partial least squares structural equation modeling, results show that a strong BDAC can help firms build a competitive advantage. This effect is not direct but fully mediated by dynamic capabilities, which exerts a positive and significant effect on two types of operational capabilities: marketing and technological capabilities. The findings suggest that IS researchers should look beyond direct effects of big data investments and shift their attention on how a BDAC can be leveraged to enable and support organizational capabilities.
Institutions shape people’s behavior and perception. This help reduce uncertainty. Institutions play an important role in shaping socio-economic outcomes. For this to happen institutions must be effective and functional. Institutional effectiveness depends, to a large extent, on factors such as the existence of an enabling environment, which includes complementary institutions. Over the years, several developing countries introduced land formalization. The change in institutional arrangements, in many cases, was made in anticipation of a better land tenure security provision. However, it is not clear yet if the change in land institutions produces the intended result, for instance, in the absence of dependable complementary institutions such as politico-legal institutions. By doing a review of the literature and using data from Property Rights Alliance (IPRI 2018) and Freedom House this study analyzed 10 countries to find a correlation between land institutions’ credibility and the quality of politico-legal institutions. This is to assess to what extent the success of land reform depends on the quality of the existing politico-legal institutions. The result of the study reveals that there is a strong correlation between the quality of politico-legal institutions and the quality of land institutions of a given country. This shows that land institutions and politico-legal institutions are highly interdependent. This underscores that in the absence of a strong or effective politico-legal institutions land reform might fail to fulfill its objectives, which undermines its credibility. To establish a credible land institution, it is imperative to put effective politico-legal institutions in place.
Ecosystem-based management of fisheries and other transboundary natural resources require a number of organizations across jurisdictions to exchange knowledge, coordinate policy goals and engage in collaborative activities. Trust, as part of social capital, is considered a key mechanism facilitating the coordination of such inter-organizational policy networks. However, our understanding of multi-dimensional trust as a theoretical construct and an operational variable in environmental and natural resource management has remained largely untested. This paper presents an empirical assessment of trust and communication measures applied to the North American Great Lakes fisheries policy network. Using a scale-based method developed for this purpose, we quantify the prevalence of different dimensions of trust and in/formal communication in the network and their differentiated impacts on decision-making and goal consensus. Our analysis reveals that calculation-based ‘rational trust’ is important for aligning mutual goals, but relationship-based ‘affinitive trust’ is most significant for influencing decision-making. Informal communication was also found to be a strong predictor of how effectively formal communication will influence decision-making, confirming the “priming” role of informal interactions in formal inter-agency dealings. The results also show the buffering and interactive functions of these components in strengthening institutional resilience, with procedural trust undergirding the system to compensate for a lack of well-developed relationships. Overall, this study provides evidence to suggest that informal communication and multi-dimensional trust constitute a crucial element for improving collaboration and reducing conflict in the networked governance of transboundary natural resource systems.
The combined effects of changes in climate and land cover expose millions of people to an increased likelihood of heat illness. Impacts of heat stress on health have primarily been quantified for urban environments, particularly in developed countries. Far less is known in other settings, including the effects of ongoing tropical deforestation on local temperature and its consequences for people living in these rapidly changing landscapes. Here, we explore links between deforestation and self-reported human health and well-being in the tropical landscapes of Borneo. We use extensive social surveys from nearly 500 villages throughout Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo) that asked whether forests were important for health, and why. The most frequent answer viewed forests as important for maintaining cool local temperatures (volunteered by 28% of 4634 respondents). Using boosted regression tree analysis incorporating spatial metrics of deforestation and temperature, we found that villagers were more likely to report this cooling effect if they were from villages with higher or more variable temperatures , and in recently deforested or fragmented landscapes. Our results highlight the role of forests in regulating the local climate. This ecosystem service is highly threatened, and yet increasingly vital for avoiding heat illness and enabling adaptation to global climate change.
A small literature investigates the co-evolution of culture and institutions (formal regulation). We present new micro-level evidence on the relationship between culture and institutions in forest resource management. Using data on forest user groups in Ethiopia, we document a negative correlation between various measures of trust and the degree of formalization of forest monitoring and extraction. Additional analysis suggests the nature of this relation is causal: groups with low level of trust implement more extensive rules to govern monitoring and extraction of their forest resource. This is consistent with the idea that trust and rules are substitutes in natural resource management.
Collaboration of multiple actors is a taken-for-granted aspect in many discussions about forest governance, while scant attention is being paid to how the more complex arrangements needed to make collaboration work come into being and develop a life of their own. The present paper argues that attention to the ways in which col-laborative arrangements develop addresses the key question of authority in forest governance. It draws on empirical evidence of an implementation study after a high-profile land use decision had been made in British Columbia's forestry sector, and zooms in on what actors do with policies, once they are agreed to. Asking which drivers for collaboration exist, what role authorities play in the overall process, and which outcomes are generated , the study finds that government inaction, deregulation and purposeful obscuring of decision-making determines collaborative governance in the making. If these dynamics take hold, the delivery of public goods from forests is put at risk.
