Conference Paper

Motor Protection Device For Wound Rotor Induction Machines

Authors:
  • Priazovskyi State Technical University
  • Priazovskiy state technical university, Mariupol, Ukraine
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Conference Paper
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Abstract – The paper presents a method for the assessment of an induction motor condition and operation life, based on the measurement of the external magnetic field on the grounds of the distance metrics. We used the Busemann metrics to develop the criteria for the assessment of the degree of asymmetry of the motor, overheating of its stator windings and the reduction of their insulation life. We found a linear dependence between the winding insulation lifespan and the relative value of the Busemann distance. The obtained results enable a quantitative assessment of the operability of an induction motor and its operation life. Keywords – operation life, assessment criteria, induction motor, magnetic field induction, Busemann metrics
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This paper examines the detection of mechanical faults in induction motors by an original use of stator current time-frequency analysis. Mechanical faults lead generally to periodic load torque oscillations. The influence of the torque oscillations on the induction motor stator current is studied using an analytical approach. The mechanical fault results in a sinusoidal phase modulation of the stator current, which is equivalent to a time-varying frequency. Based on these assumptions, several signal processing methods suitable for stator current signature analysis are discussed: classical spectral analysis, instantaneous frequency estimation, and the Wigner distribution. Experimental and simulation results validate the theoretical approach in steady-state operating conditions
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An approach to the solution to the problem of the parametric identification of direct and alternating current electromechanical transducers in dynamic modes is presented. The experimental research of the processes of the identification of the parameters of a direct current and an induction motor is described. The efficiency of the developed algorithm for the adjustment to the real electromechanical system of the virtual complex is confirmed, which will enable the solution to the research and diagnostic problems that are not always possible to carry out on the experimental plant. The effectiveness of the algorithm for the determination of the admissibility and specification of the limits of the use of the electromechanical system operation, for the assessment of the operational state of the system and its structural units, for the investigation of the causes of breakages and component damages was proved.
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The effect of rotor faults, such as broken bars and end-rings, over the signals of a position estimation strategy for induction motor drives is analyzed using a multiple coupled circuit model. The objective of this analysis is to establish the possibility of using the estimation strategy signals for fault diagnosis in variable-speed electric drives. This strategy is based on the effect produced by inductance variation on the zero-sequence voltage, when exciting the motor with a predefined inverter switching pattern. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the proposal.
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Condition monitoring in industry is desirable for increasing machinery availability, reducing consequential damage, and improving operational efficiency. This is significant in industries employing heavy duty machines. Here, an attempt is made to demonstrate the various faults that occur in induction motors, and also to give an insight about the techniques that are used for corrective/preventive action for them. Main emphasis is given for the recent trends in fault diagnosis techniques to provide up-to-date information about the developments in this area.
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The goal of stator-winding turn-fault (TF) detection is to detect the fault at an early stage and shut down the machine immediately to prevent catastrophic motor failure due to the large fault current. A number of TF detection techniques have been proposed; however, there is currently no method available for distinguishing TFs from high-resistance (R) connections (HRCs), which also result in three-phase system asymmetry. It is important to distinguish the two faults, since an HRC does not necessarily require immediate motor shutdown. In this paper, new sensorless online monitoring techniques for detecting and classifying stator TFs and high-R electrical connections in induction machines based on the zero-sequence voltage or negative-sequence current measurements are proposed. An experimental study on a 10-hp induction motor performed under simulated TFs and high-R circuit conditions verifies that the two faults can be reliably detected and classified. The proposed technique helps improve the reliability, efficiency, and safety of the motor system and industrial plant and also allows maintenance to be performed in a more efficient manner, since the course of action can be determined based on the type and severity of the fault.
Conference Paper
The effect of rotor faults, such as broken bars and end rings, over the signals of a position estimation strategy for induction motor drives is analyzed using a multiple coupled circuit model. The objective is to establish the possibility of using the estimation strategy signals for fault diagnosis in variable speed electric drives. This strategy is based on the effect produced by inductance variation on the zero sequence voltage, exciting the motor with a predefined inverter-switching pattern. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the proposal.
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As evidenced by industrial surveys, stator-related failures account for a large percentage of faults in induction machines. The objective of this paper is to provide a survey of existing techniques for detection of stator-related faults, which include stator winding turn faults, stator core faults, temperature monitoring and thermal protection, and stator winding insulation testing. The root causes of fault inception, available techniques for detection, and recommendations for further research are presented. Although the primary focus is online and sensorless methods that use machine voltages and currents to extract fault signatures, offline techniques such as partial discharge detection are also examined. Condition monitoring, fault diagnostics, insulation testing, interlaminar core faults, partial discharge (PD), temperature monitoring, turn faults.
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A new technique based on rotor magnetic field space vector orientation is presented to diagnose broken-bar faults in induction machines operating at steady state. In this technique, stator currents and voltages are used as inputs to compute and subsequently observe the rotor magnetic field orientation, which has a more significant "swing-like" pendulous oscillation in case of broken-bar faults than in healthy operation. It will be shown here that the range of this "pendulous oscillation" is a function of the number of broken bars. Also in this technique, it was found that an inter-turn shorted stator-winding fault, which exhibits similar pendulous oscillation, could be distinguished from rotor broken-bar faults through the use of a variance index. In order to validate this method, experimental evidence is given here for several broken-bar cases in a 2-hp three-phase two-pole squirrel-cage induction machine.
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Much has been written about motors on variable-speed drives, high-speed rigid shaft motors, impact of API Standard 541, motor diagnostics, etc. Most of these papers and articles assume that the reader has significant knowledge of motor theory and operation. However, this assumption is overly optimistic, considering that only a few colleges teach motor theory today, and that application experience at motor user locations has been reduced in recent years. This paper is the third in a series of papers where the authors provide answers to questions that are routinely asked by working engineers in industry. The authors present motor theory and application information with an extensive reference list that will help working engineers increase their general understanding and knowledge of motors. This series of papers also serves as a valuable reference for those who apply and specify motors.
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