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Extraction optimisation for high value products from Laminaria hyperborea

November 2020

DOI:10.6084/m9.figshare.13302962

Conference: Ocean Sustainability Bergen

Authors:

Georg Kopplin

Alginor ASA

Marie Emilie Wekre

University of Bergen

A poster on the extraction optimization of high value products, such as polyphenols and carotenoids, from Laminaria hyperborea, presented at the Ocean Sustainability Bergen (OSB) Conference 2020. A collaboration between Alginor and the University of Bergen.

Content uploaded by Georg Kopplin

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EXTRACTION OPTIMISATION FOR HIGH VALUE

PRODUCTS FROM LAMINARIA HYPERBOREA

1,212

1

2



   

      

    

      

      





    

    

     

       

    









   

 SDG 14    

  14.1  

 14.7   

     

  14.A  

    



     

     

    

    

   

   

    

    

      

     

    



     



     

1       

 

 

   

    

    

    

     



   



4

      

 



Trifucodiphlorethol A

Phlorofucofuroeckol A

HO OH

Eckol

OOH

HO O

Quercetin

H H

Pinoresinol

O OH

OHOH

O OH

Procyanidin

HO OH

2,7'-phloroglucinol-6,6'-bieckol

HO OH

Dieckol

ULB; 60 % MeOH

ULB; 50 % EtOH

ULB; 50 % MeOH

ULB; 40 % MeOH

ULB; 20 % MeOH

Bench; 20 % MeOH

Pre-soak; 20 % MeOH

ASE; 20 % MeOH

ASE; 40 % MeOH

ASE; 60 % MeOH

% polyphenols [PGE]







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Characterization of high value products in the side-stream of Laminaria hyperborea alginate production - Targeting the phenolic content

Article

Apr 2023

Sustainable production based on renewable biomass and efficient bioprocesses are important elements in the growing blue bioeconomy. The traditional Laminaria hyperborea alginate production disposes approximately 80 % of the raw material, ignoring large amounts of potential high-value products from the alga. Particularly, the leaf fraction of the seaweed is often disregarded. This study aimed to characterize high value products from the alginate production side-stream – focusing on the leaf biomass and particularly targeting the phenolic content. After extraction and solvent optimization, 60 % methanol was used for the extraction. The extract was further purified with PuriFlash and semi-preparative chromatography and increasing phenolic selectivity and purity was observed with TPC and qNMR, as well as antioxidant activity (ORAC). In the purified fractions, the LR LC-MS analyses displayed several masses, where 96 % (n = 1376) were of lower molecular weights (< 800 Da). Fifteen high value compounds were further identified using HR LC-MS (MS/MS) and/or NMR. This also included non-phenolics such as fucoxanthin, aliphatic acids and mannitol. Nonetheless, most compounds were identified as the targeted phenolics, consisting of lower molecular weight phenolic acids (salicylic acid, veratric acid, 5-caboxyvanillic acid, sinapic acid, 5-sulfosalicylic acid, vanillic acid 4-sulfate, and dihydrocaffeic acid 3-sulfate) and phlorotannins (trimer, tetramer, hexamer, and a sulfated dimer). None of the identified phenolics have previously been reported in L. hyperborea. In general, a high occurrence of sulfated phenolic compounds was observed and a sulfated diphlorethol/difucol was characterized for the first time. The isolation and characterization of high value components in the leaf biomass of L. hyperborea trongly supports the development of a total utilization of commercial alginate production. The characterization also adds information on the phenoliccontent of seaweeds at a molecular level, valuable to research on seaweed biosynthesis and development, chemical ecology, and ocean monitoring.

Ultrasonic-Assisted Water-Rich Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for Sustainable Polyphenol Extraction from Seaweed: A Case Study on Cultivated Saccharina latissima

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2024

This case study introduces a green, 1 h single-step method using water-rich natural deep eutectic solvent (WRNADES) for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polyphenols fromSaccharina latissima, a commercially cultivated brown seaweed. The extraction efficiency was evaluated using a selective quantitative NMR method (s-qNMR) and the traditional nonselective colorimetric total phenolic content assay (TPC). Initial 6 h extractions in traditional solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate) showed a 40–60% increase in polyphenolic yields in 50% aqueous solutions measured by the TPC method. Six different water-rich (50%) NADES (WRNADES) combinations were tested (choline chloride/betaine with lactic acid, citric acid, and 1,3-butanediol), with betaine and 1,3-butanediol (1:1) proving most effective. Parameters for the WRNADES were optimized using Box–Behnken design response surface methodology, resulting in a 1:20 w/w biomass to solvent ratio and a 1 h extraction time at 50 °C. The WRNADES extraction process was refined into a scalable, single-step procedure and compared with traditional solvent extractions (6 h, 50% aqueous methanol and acetone). A final XAD-7 polyphenol recovery step was included in all extractions. The optimized WRNADES extraction yielded 15.97 mg GAE/g of the dry weight recovered polyphenolic extract (s-qNMR), exceeding the 6 h 50% aqueous methanol (12.4 mg GAE/g) and acetone (11.4 mg GAE/g) extractions. Thus, the UAE-WRNADES method presented in this case study provides a cost-effective, sustainable, and eco-friendly alternative for the extraction of phenolic compounds from seaweed. It promotes the development of environmentally friendly production processes within the seaweed biorefinery.

Bioactive Properties of Marine Phenolics

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2020
MAR DRUGS

Phenolic compounds from marine organisms are far less studied than those from terrestrial sources since their structural diversity and variability require powerful analytical tools. However, both their biological relevance and potential properties make them an attractive group deserving increasing scientific interest. The use of efficient extraction and, in some cases, purification techniques can provide novel bioactives useful for food, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical applications. The bioactivity of marine phenolics is the consequence of their enzyme inhibitory effect and antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, or anti-inflammatory activities. This review presents a survey of the major types of phenolic compounds found in marine sources, as well as their reputed effect in relation to the occurrence of dietary and lifestyle-related diseases, notably type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cancer and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, the influence of marine phenolics on gut microbiota and other pathologies is also addressed.

Quantification of Polyphenols in Seaweeds: A Case Study of Ulva intestinalis

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2019

In this case study, we explored quantitative 1 H NMR (qNMR), HPLC-DAD, and the Folin-Ciocalteu assay (TPC) as methods of quantifying the total phenolic content of a green macroalga, Ulva intestinalis, after optimized accelerated solvent extraction. Tentative qualitative data was also acquired after multiple steps of purification. The observed polyphenolic profile was complex with low individual concentrations. The qNMR method yielded 5.5% (DW) polyphenols in the crude extract, whereas HPLC-DAD and TPC assay yielded 1.1% (DW) and 0.4% (DW) respectively, using gallic acid as the reference in all methods. Based on the LC-MS observations of extracts and fractions, an average molar mass of 330 g/mol and an average of 4 aromatic hydrogens in each spin system was chosen for optimized qNMR calculations. Compared to the parallel numbers using gallic acid as the standard (170 g/mol, 2 aromatic H), the optimized parameters resulted in a similar qNMR result (5.3%, DW). The different results for the different methods highlight the difficulties with total polyphenolic quantification. All of the methods contain assumptions and uncertainties, and for complex samples with lower concentrations, this will be of special importance. Thus, further optimization of the extraction, identification, and quantification of polyphenols in marine algae must be researched.

A critical review of analytical methods used for the chemical characterisation and quantification of phlorotannin compounds in brown seaweeds

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2019

Introduction: Phlorotannins, the phenolic compounds found in brown seaweeds, are a unique and diverse class of compounds showing a huge potential for food and pharmaceutical applications. Objective: This review will give an account of the colorimetric assays used and a discussion of their quantitative and qualitative analytical shortcomings. It will also discuss other more complex and modern analytical chemistry methods that are currently being developed to study phlorotannins. The purpose of this review is to increase awareness of these bioactive compounds and promote further development of robust analytical methods for use in biology, food science, pharmacology and biomedical and cosmeceutical sciences. Results: Whilst the biological activity and huge commercial potential of the phlorotannins has been widely reported throughout the literature, the chemical structures and reactivity of these compounds is still not well understood. The phlorotannin content of seaweed is usually characterised using colorimetric assays. However, although these methods give a reasonable overall estimation of the total phenolic content, they lack precision and specificity. Conclusion: This review highlights the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used colorimetric assays. Novel techniques are highlighted using more selective chemistry to identify this class of compounds.

Extraction optimisation for high value products from Laminaria hyperborea

Abstract

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