ArticlePDF Available

Strategic Knowledge and Its Role in the Management of Crisis Stages

Authors:

Abstract

Abstract The purpose of the research is to demonstrate the nature of the relationship and the impact between the prospective roles of the coopetition strategy, choose a company Taq Taq Operating Company and Company Gas Plus Khalakan Field of study. The analytical, descriptive approach was also adopted using the path analysis method, and the sample of the research was made up of managers in the administrative and technical departments working in the sample companies. One of the most important findings of the research is that there is a statistically significant impact between the expected roles of the coopetition Strategy for both (cost-sharing, knowledge sharing, capacity enhancement) in the development of value network content, and a statistically significant impact of the adoption of the coopetition strategy to develop the content of the value network by having the expected roles as an intermediary variable. On that basis, reference was made to some proposals concerning the need for administrations recognize the importance of investing in common sites, to focus on the main characteristics of value networks and to keep abreast of the new roles provided by the coopetition strategy. Keywords: competitive cooperation strategy, prospective roles, value network, cost-sharing, knowledge sharing, capacity enhancement.
8102
- 143 -



Strategic Knowledge and Its Role in the Management of Crisis Stages
An analytical survey of the views of a sample of managers at the North Oil Company in
Madinah Kirkuk
Dr. Ihab Fakhri Yousef Dr. Abdulstar Salem Awad Dr.Younis Mohammed Khader Al-Sabawi
University of Mosul University of Kirkuk University of Fallujah
abodena999@gmil.com star68@gmil.com younis.alsabaawe@gmil.com

            
     

           




-


-


-

Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 144 -




         


     


          

             


Abstract
Strategic knowledge is one of the most important contemporary
intellectual developments, and has been expressed as a new approach whose
main objective is to absorb business strategies and knowledge. However,
their role in crisis management and management is rapidly increasing. The
key objectives of strategic knowledge management are long-term goals and
are defined by the highest managerial standards. These objectives should
8102
- 145 -
focus on achieving adaptation in line with environmental changes, such as
taking preventive measures to crises, adapting and dealing with their data,
and identifying the best remedial practices for their effects.
The aim of this research is to clarify the role played by strategic knowledge
in the management of the crisis stages. To achieve the research objectives, a
questionnaire of (50) sheets was prepared in accordance with the objective
of the research, which was distributed in the organization inspected by the
North Oil firm in the city of Kirkuk, selected by the managers, The
percentage of those retrieved were (86%). The data obtained from the
studied field were analyzed using the correlation coefficient and linear
regression models, which helped to arrive at a set of results, in light of
which a number of conclusions were drawn. The most important of these
were the following: The possibility of generalizing the importance of the
role of the strategic knowledge, Stages of the crisis, and different stages,
especially the stage of preparedness and prevention.
In light of the conclusions described here, recommendations
presented here are urging the targeted organization to focus on the use of
its strategic knowledge in adopting and developing the preventive approach
as a priority in dealing with the steps of managing crisis stages, and making
them as an integral part of their organization as well as raising awareness
among its personnel and training them. Proactive measures to deal with the
crisis within their utmost interests should be considered too.
Keywords: Strategic Knowledge, Crisis Management, Management of Crisis Stages.
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 146 -



 






         



 






8102
- 147 -


            




          
             












      
   
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 148 -
              







            












           
8102
- 149 -
           
    





          


           













Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 150 -




       

             




            


          



            

8102
- 151 -







Zack, 1999
Hult et al.,
2006 Drus et al.,
2014  Stephen et
al., 2017



            









 










 
 
















    







      





         



Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 152 -
             
SPSS




          






Mládková, 2014, 631


Elche et al., 2017, 5
           
Bolisani & Bratianu, 2018, 623
          
            
            
     Bollinger &
8102
- 153 -
Smith, 2001, 5      
          
Antonova, 2013, 17

         
Boudreeau, 2002, 4       
             
  Gottschalk, 2010, 25

      

          

Gakuo & Rotich, 2017, 23
  
  

           
    

    
            
   Hult et al., 2006, 460
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 154 -
           
          
Drus et al., 2014, 97

Renkastesan, 2012,
5

      Zack, 1999Hult et al., 2006
Drus et al., 2014Stephen et al., 2017

 



          


         
         
         

  

8102
- 155 -

       



  
           

Lalonde, 2007, 508-509



 
Fleming et al., 2017, 51

Wang, 2007, 3


Koraeus, 2008, 3

Ponis & Koronis, 2012, 1

Wright,
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 156 -
2013, 38

            
Olawale, 2014, 81
      Semercioz et al., 2015, 151

Vardarlier, 2016, 464


 Kuzmanova, 2016, 257
        


Rasli et al., 2017, 2Sofie & Jennie, 2017, 8-
10            



           
Vardarlier, 2016, 464Vistbacka, 2017, 56Rasli
et al., 2017, 2Koraeus, 2008, 3Zech, 2016, 23Kuzmanova, 2016,
257
8102
- 157 -
         
   


           

 
           


 



      





             


Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 158 -


              
           
   
       


    
           
  



 





           

8102
- 159 -
    

         
          

          


           


              




             



           


Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 160 -



           




           



          






           

8102
- 161 -


15


             





     
              
         



            
   




15

Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 162 -




           





   




       
        

    




8102
- 163 -





          







































   


Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 164 -









   














    
        



90.63
            

4.503    0.802      

         
X11

4.744( 0.581)
(X8) 
8102
- 165 -
            (4.302)
 (0.831)  














X1
32
74.4
8
18.6
1
2.3
1
2.3
1
2.3
4.604
0.849
X2
26
60.5
13
30.2
2
4.7
2
4.7
-
-
4.465
0.797
X3
27
62.8
11
25.6
5
11.6
-
-
-
-
4.511
0.702
X4
24
55.8
14
32.6
3
7.0
2
4.7
-
-
4.395
0.820
X5
34
79.1
6
14
2
4.7
1
2.3
-
-
4.697
0.673
X6
28
65.1
11
25.6
1
2.3
1
2.3
2
4.7
4.441
1.007
X7
25
58.1
14
32.6
2
4.7
1
2.3
1
2.3
4.418
0.879
X8
21
48.8
16
37.2
4
9.3
2
4.7
-
-
4.302
0.831
X9
21
48.8
18
41.9
2
4.7
1
2.3
1
2.3
4.325
0.865
X10
28
65.1
12
27.9
-
-
2
4.7
1
2.3
4.488
0.909
X11
35
81.4
5
11.6
3
7
-
-
-
-
4.744
0.581
X12
33
76.7
6
14
3
7
1
2.3
-
-
4.651
0.719


27.
8
64.7
11.
1
25.9
2.
5
5.9
1.4
3.2
1.
2
2.7
4.503
0.802


90.6
5.9
5.9
( SPSS)

Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 166 -
        


76.7
   4.120    0.929

X5

   
4.534( 0.766) 
(X2)

(2.976)(1.353)

8102
- 167 -












X1
5
11.6
13
30.2
11
25.6
8
18.
6
6
14.0
3.069
1.242
X2
8
18.6
7
16.3
11
25.6
10
23.
3
7
16.3
2.976
1.353
X3
13
30.2
17
39.5
9
20.9
4
9.3
-
-
3.907
0.946
X4
11
25.6
15
34.9
12
27.9
4
9.3
1
2.3
3.720
1.031

3.418
1.143

X5
29
67.4
9
20.9
3
9.3
1
2.3
-
-
4.534
0.766
X6
14
32.6
18
41.9
8
18.6
2
4.7
1
2.3
3.976
0.963
X7
18
41.9
18
41.9
5
11.6
1
2.3
1
2.3
4.186
0.906
X8
18
41.9
18
41.9
7
16.3
-
-
-
-
4.255
0.726

4.237
0.840

X9
19
44.2
17
39.5
6
14,0
1
2.3
-
-
4.255
0.789
X10
21
48.8
15
34.9
5
11.6
1
2.3
1
2.3
4.255
0.928
X11
26
60.5
12
27.9
5
11.6
-
-
-
-
4.488
0.702
X12
24
55.8
13
30.2
4
9.3
2
4.7
-
-
4.372
0.845

4.342
0.816

X13
21
48.8
15
34.9
5
11.6
1
2.3
1
2.3
4.255
0.928
X14
25
58.1
12
27.9
4
9.3
2
4.7
4.395
0.849
X15
23
53.5
14
32.6
4
9.3
2
4.7
-
-
4.348
0.841
X16
20
46.5
12
27.9
7
16.3
3
7.0
1
2.3
4.093
1.064

4.272
0.920

X17
26
60.5
11
25.6
5
11.6
1
2.3
-
-
4.441
0.795
X18
25
58.1
6
14.0
7
16.3
3
7.0
2
4.7
4.139
1.206
X19
25
58.1
12
27.9
3
7.0
3
7.0
-
-
4.372
0.900
X20
27
62.8
9
20.9
4
9.3
2
4.7
1
2.3
4.372
1.000

4.331
0.975

19.
9
46.2
13.1
30.5
6.2
14.6
2.8
6.6
2.2
5.1
4.120
0.929


76.7
14.6
11.71
( SPSS)
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 168 -
           
 
            



SPSS




0.794
0.05 
8102
- 169 -

            
0.8090.05
  
   

           



















0.614*
0.809*
0.628*
0.671*
0.784*
0.794*
SPSS0.05
           



F142.087  
4.05   41,1   0.05
  R2
    0.731     
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 170 -
% 73 
%27 
 



F
t
R2





0.669
142.08
4.05
18.29
1.68
df= (1,41) N=43 P<0.05
(SPSS)
  

         

          


             
R2
0.683 
%68.3
8102
- 171 -
          F
98.2542.84

    %64.7     
 F108.751
4.08

       0.479    
%47.9
F129.4053.23
      
20.5
  F 137.572
2.61
 
R2
0.129
 
           
(%12.9)  F   146.390      
2.45
           


Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 172 -

              

           


















R2
D.F
R2
D.F
R2
D.F
R2
D.F
R2
D.F
0.12
9
1
41
0.20
5
2
40
0.68
3
3
39
0.47
9
4
38
0.64
7
5
37
F















146.
390
2.45
137.
572
2.61
98.2
54
2.84
129.
405
3.23
108.
751
4.08
0.05N=43
SPSS


8102
- 173 -
.       

           
             

.  
  


.            

            

           
         
     

.        

            

.             
      
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 174 -


           

.          



      


.              





          


  

8102
- 175 -
 
 
  











          


          


          
    

Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 176 -
          
       

  




           

  

          
   



           

           


8102
- 177 -




           

         



         
       

Andersson, S., & Eklund, J. (2017). Negative Storytelling as a Crisis
Management Tool, Master Thesis in Business Administration, 30 credits |
International Business and Economics Programme.
Antonova, K. (2013). Organizational competitiveness through strategic
knowledge management. Izvestiya, (2).
Bolisani, E., & Bratianu, C. (2018). Strategic Performance and Knowledge
Measurement, In Emergent Knowledge Strategies, Springer, Cham.
Bollinger, A. S., & Smith, R. D. (2001). Managing organizational knowledge
as a strategic asset, Journal of knowledge management, 5(1).
Boudreau, J. W. (2002). Strategic Knowledge Measurement and. Managing
knowledge for sustained competitive advantage: Designing strategies for
effective human resource management.
Drus, S. M., Shariff, S. S., & Othman, M. (2014, August). Knowledge Audit
and its link to Knowledge Strategy and Knowledge Management,
In Knowledge Management International Conference (KMICe)(1215
August 2014: Malaysia.
Elche, D., Martínez-Pérez, Á., & García-Villaverde, P. M. (2017). Inter-
Organizational Relationships, Knowledge Strategy and Innovation in Clusters
of Cultural Tourism. Investigaciones Regionales, (39).
Fleming, R. S., & Zhu, F. X. (2017). The Role of Corporate Management in an
Effective Crisis Management Program, Archives of Business Research, 5(6).
Al-Esraa University College Journal/ Vol.1/No.1 2018 

- 178 -
Gakuo, E. W., & Rotich, G. (2017). Effect of strategic knowledge management
on performance of commercial banks in Kenya, International Academic
Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 2(3).
Gottschalk, P. (2010). Strategic knowledge networks: the case of IT support
for Eurojuris law firms in Norway. International Review of Law, Computers
& Technology, 14(1).
Hult, G. T. M., Ketchen Jr, D. J., Cavusgil, S. T., & Calantone, R. J. (2006).
Knowledge as a strategic resource in supply chains. Journal of operations
management, 24(5).
Koraeus, M. (2008). Who knows?: The use of knowledge management in crisis.
Försvarshögskolan (FHS), http://www.diva-
portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:293899.
Kuzmanova, M. (2016). Contemporary problems related to crisis management
of organizations, Trakia Journal of Sciences, 14(3).
Lalonde, C. (2007). Crisis management and organizational development:
Towards the conception of a learning model in crisis
management, Organization Development Journal, 25(1).
Mládková, L. (2014). Knowledge strategy: key player or relict of the
past?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150.
Ponis, S. T., & Koronis, E. (2012). A Knowledge Management ProcessBased
Approach to Support Corporate Crisis Management, Knowledge and Process
Management, 19(3).
Rasli, A., Haider, M., Goh, C. F., & Tan, O. K. (2017). Keeping the lights on:
A conceptual framework for understanding crisis management capability in the
public sector, Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 36(6).
Semerciöz, F., Pehlivan, Ç., Sözüer, A., & Mert, A. (2015). Crisis
Management Practices and Strategic Responses Through Customer Loyalty
and Price Strategy in Hard Times: Evidence from Fine-dining
Restaurants, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 207.
Stephen, I. A., Oluseye, O. O., & Abolaji, A. J. (2017). EXTENDING THE
KNOWLEDGE STRATEGY CONCEPT: LINKING ORGANIZATIONAL
KNOWLEDGE WITH STRATEGIC ORIENTATIONS. Academy of
Strategic Management Journal, 16(3).
Vardarlıer, P. (2016). Strategic approach to human resources management
during crisis. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235.
8102
- 179 -
Vistbacka, S. (2017). Crisis management in social media: maintaining the
organizational image, Master’s thesis, Jyväskylä University School of
Business and Economics.
Wang, J. (2007). Organizational Learning and Crisis Management. Online
Submission. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED504551.
Wright, A. L., Nichols, E., McKechnie, M., & McCarthy, S. (2013).
Combining crisis management and evidence-based management: The
Queensland floods as a teachable moment. Journal of Management
Education, 37(1).
Zack, M. H. (1999). Developing a knowledge strategy, California
management review, 41(3).
Zech, N. M. (2016), CRISIS MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE HOTEL
INDUSTRY A STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT
APPROACH, Doctoral thesis, University of Latvia Faculty of Economics and
Management.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Article
Full-text available
The paper aims to identify the knowledge strategy (KS) developed by the firms belonging to tourism cluster according to their inter-organizational relationships and hence to analyse the impact on innovation. The empirical study is conducted on a sample of 215 firms located in UNESCO World Heritage Cities in Spain (WHCS). The methodology is based on both factor analysis and conglomerates analysis. The findings show that firms with high levels of both bonding and bridging capital carry out activities of exploration and also exploration of knowledge through an ambidextrous strategy. On the contrary, firms with scarceness of links (low levels of bonding and bringing capital) perform few activities of knowledge exploration and exploitation. On the other hand, firms that have high levels of bonding or bridging capital generally implement a punctuated equilibrium strategy. Finally, we prove that firms with an ambidexterity KS exhibit better innovation performance.
Article
Full-text available
Human Resources Management is one of the most important units of modern firms and organizations. It gains even more importance in times of crises, because it makes up an important dimension of crisis management. It is well known that human resources policies have a great influence on people; therefore, those polices are to bring about humanistic consequences.
Article
Contemporary businesses face many challenges that have the potential of compromising their success and, at times, survival. These challenges include “weathering the storm” when an organization is confronted with a crisis event or situation. A crisis may originate within an organization, as in the case of a defective product, financial or legal impropriety, or a security breach compromising customer information; or from an external source, as in the case of a catastrophic weather event or labor strike impacting an organization’s operations. The importance of a proactive approach in advance of, during, and following a crisis event has demonstrated its merit in enhancing an organization’s ability to prepare for, live through, and recover from a crisis event. This paper considers the importance of a proactive crisis management program in contributing to organizational resilience to “weather the storm” of a crisis event successfully and the essential role that corporate managers play in an effective crisis management program.
Article
Whether a crisis is big or small, if it is not handled effectively, it can have serious implications for a company’s short-term operations and even threaten its long-term sustainability. In the public sector, where companies provide essential services such as electricity, the stakeholder and customer-service aspects of an organization’s crisis management capability (CMC) are of particular importance. A proposed framework comprising strategic human resources development, organizational behavior in preparation for and response to a crisis, and government’s attributes as a stakeholder can be used to assess the CMC of a public-sector organization. According to the framework, the organization’s strategic human resources development will have a direct impact on CMC, while organizational style and the role of government will moderate the relationship between the enterprise’s strategic human resources development and its ability to manage a crisis.
Conference Paper
Knowledge is considered as the lifeblood of an organisation in knowledge economy. Having the right approach towards the exploitation and management of knowledge will enable organisation to optimally leverage its present knowledge resources in realising the organisational goals. However, many organisations have yet fully benefit from their knowledge resources as they are still unclear on what to do, how to start and where to start with regards to managing knowledge. Knowledge audit can be utilised as the mechanism to explore, understand and appreciate the current and future knowledge resources and requirements, which could later be transformed into a knowledge strategy. This paper aims to show the relationship between knowledge audit, knowledge strategy and knowledge management; and how these interrelated concepts facilitate organisations to translate their business strategy into action plans. With proper understanding of organisational knowledge resources, it helps to steer organisation towards the correct directions of attaining its strategic goals that results in business performance improvement and innovation.
Article
In the crisis-prone and complex contemporary business environment, modern organisations and their supply chains, large and small, are challenged by crises more than ever. Knowledge management has been acknowledged as an important discipline able to support the management of complexity in times of crisis. However, the role of effective knowledge retrieval and sharing in the process of crisis prevention, management and survival has been relatively underexplored. In this paper, it is argued that organisational crises create additional challenges for knowledge management, mainly because complex, polymorphic and both structured and unstructured knowledge must be efficiently harnessed, processed and disseminated to the appropriate internal and external supply chain actors, under specific time constraints. In this perspective, a process-based approach is proposed to address the knowledge management needs of organisations during a crisis and to help management in establishing the necessary risk avoidance and recovery mechanisms. Finally, the proposed methodological approach is applied in a knowledge-intensive Greek small and medium enterprise from the pharmaceutical industry, producing empirical results, insights on knowledge pathologies during crises and relevant evaluations.
Article
Natural disasters, such as floods, provide teachable moments for students to learn about crisis management. The authors argue that evidence-based management offers a pedagogical tool for leveraging these teachable moments to deepen student learning about the management challenges of crisis situations. An emerging area in management education, evidence-based management involves using best available scientific evidence as the basis for management decision making and practice. Using data from 782 student assignments in an undergraduate introductory management course, the authors show how combining crisis management and evidence-based management in an assignment task in the aftermath of the 2010-2011 Queensland floods in Australia deepened student learning of general and crisis management concepts and increased students’ engagement in learning an evidence-based management approach.
Article
ABSTRACT The field of crisis management currently faces two important limitations. First, this field has been distinguished by two major approaches to date, crisis management planning and analysis of organizational contingencies. However, despite what we have learned from these approaches, neither seems to lead to a crisis management learning model that fosters organizational resilience in coping with crises. Secondly, researchers have studied a number,of events ,as case ,studies but have never ,synthesized ,these case studies. Consequently, each crisis seems idiosyncratic and administrators continue to repeat the same errors when,a crisis occurs. The research proposal presented in this paper , aims,to remove these limitations by bringing together two apparently opposing fieldsof study, that ofcrisis management, characterized by what are perceived as specific events, and that of organizational development, characterized by the strengthening of organizations’ capacities tocope,with lasting changes. This paper proposes ,to explore ,their potential to work together theoretically and empirically through a research design. 1,IMPORTANCE OF THE SUBJECT