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Theory and Methodology of [Human Geography] Research
Abstract
Theoretical and methodological discussion and understanding of regions-urban, rural, peripheral and cross-border, and the role of Human Capital in the regional development and growth. Employing spatial econometric models for studying human capital mobility between the urban/rural types of regions, while developing new empirical methodology of how to measure and study the cross-border regional assemblages with the social network analyses (SNA) techniques. Developing the Cross-Border Institutional Thickness (CBIT) model for understanding how cross-border interactions can promote specific regional development goals, with the example of human capital creation. Employing the case-study methods with the cases of Dutch-German (Rhine-Waal) and Danish-German (Sønderjylland-Schleswig) border regions.
... As a graduate student, specializing in geography, I am very much interested in doing research about experience of student life at the new place. With the sense of human geography, refers to the study of society in relation to space and place (Kitchin &Tate, 2000) my study is related to students and their new place. ...
... It is crucial in any research that we consider our own positionality, and its influences on the way we conduct the research because this is a part of the knowledge that we produce ultimately. Kitchin and Tate (2000) believe that all good studies aim to be valid and reliable. Further, validity 'concerns the soundness, legitimacy, relevance of a research theory and its investigation'. ...
... The validity describes the legitimacy and trustworthiness of measures or constructs (Kitchin & Tate, 2000). According to Bordens and Abbott (2011) validity of item/measure express about what extent or length, it measures about what desired to measure. ...
The purpose of this paper is a pilot assessment to determine the validity and reliability of the instrument of employer branding dimensions namely training and development, employer brand reputation, work life balance and organization culture developed by Tanwar and Prasad (2016). The survey approach was used to collect response through 61 usable questionnaires from the academic staff of higher educational institutions located in Punjab which is largest populated province of Pakistan. The present study used the simple random sampling method in data collection. Then, the validity and reliability of items of employer branding dimensions were assessed through expert’s opinions both from academicians and practitioners and also from the small size sample data. The SPSS v20 was used to test the reliability in this study. Hence, the results of pilot study reveals that, the Cronbach’s alpha values of all constructs are above than 0.80, so it can establish that all the constructs of employer branding are reliable and no need to remove any item.
... Besides, utilizing a qualitative research paradigm, the researchers were able to engage a small number of participants extensively to develop patterns and connections of meaning with the aim of gaining individual values rather than generalize findings [48,49]. The qualitative research methodology was appropriate for this study because it allowed the researchers to gain in-depth information about the phenomenon [50,51]. Thus, listening to participants' responses was essential to appreciating their experiences and views regarding epilepsy-related stigma and discrimination. ...
... This study followed an empirical research investigation 16 and a hybrid of both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Quantitatively the positivist approach was followed 17,18,19 and secondary data was analysed. 19 However, questionnaires and interviews were used to generate primary data that complemented the secondary data. ...
Background:
The impact and management of HIV/AIDS in Lesotho in the context of disaster management was investigated.
Objectives:
Lesotho health care workers' perception on HIV/AIDS progression, whether HIV/AIDS was managed as a disaster, and the impact on the demographic profile was investigated.
Methods:
The empirical investigation included a literature study, and primary and secondary data analyses. Questionnaires (n=116) determined health care workers' perception of HIV/AIDS. Interviews with officers of Lesotho Disaster Management determined how HIV/AIDS was managed as a disaster. National population censuses and data from surveys were summarised to describe the impact of HIV/AIDS on the population structure.
Results:
Respondents' modal age group was 25 to 39 years, 28.4% viewed HIV/AIDS related deaths as very high and perceived that HIV/AIDS changed the age composition, sex and dependency ratio of the population. Although HIV/AIDS was declared a disaster, the Lesotho Disaster Management Authority only aided the National AIDS Commission. There was evidence that HIV/AIDS caused the population pyramid base to shrink, and an indentation in the active population.
Conclusion:
Health care workers attributed HIV/AIDS to changing the demographic profile of Lesotho, also reflected in the population pyramid. Lesotho Disaster Management Authority played a supporting role in HIV/AIDS disaster management.
... Here we focus on the predation information only, without any specific focus on the information related to abundance, group sizes, spatiotemporal distribution, migrations and movements, etc. (data on file), although we give brief mention of these subjects where appropriate. Qualitative data were analyzed using an interpretive approach to connect ideas and categorize results [38], where results are grouped into related categories (e.g., specific prey items) and patterns summarized. Results were summarized within and between communities and four different regions (Table 1), and across Nunavut as a whole. ...
Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are the most widely distributed cetacean, occurring in all oceans worldwide, and within ocean regions different ecotypes are defined based on prey preferences. Prey items are largely unknown in the eastern Canadian Arctic and therefore we conducted a survey of Inuit Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) to provide information on the feeding ecology of killer whales. We compiled Inuit observations on killer whales and their prey items via 105 semi-directed interviews conducted in 11 eastern Nunavut communities (Kivalliq and Qikiqtaaluk regions) from 2007-2010.
Results detail local knowledge of killer whale prey items, hunting behaviour, prey responses, distribution of predation events, and prey capture techniques. Inuit TEK and published literature agree that killer whales at times eat only certain parts of prey, particularly of large whales, that attacks on large whales entail relatively small groups of killer whales, and that they hunt cooperatively. Inuit observations suggest that there is little prey specialization beyond marine mammals and there are no definitive observations of fish in the diet. Inuit hunters and elders also documented the use of sea ice and shallow water as prey refugia.
By combining TEK and scientific approaches we provide a more holistic view of killer whale predation in the eastern Canadian Arctic relevant to management and policy. Continuing the long-term relationship between scientists and hunters will provide for successful knowledge integration and has resulted in considerable improvement in understanding of killer whale ecology relevant to management of prey species. Combining scientists and Inuit knowledge will assist in northerners adapting to the restructuring of the Arctic marine ecosystem associated with warming and loss of sea ice.
This study attempts to examine differentiated instruction and its implications in the teaching of oracy skills to young EFL learners. Within this aim, the EFL educational context investigated upon, was a private language centre in Greece where differentiated teaching approaches were applied to enhance students’ oral and aural skills through the implementation of a task-based pedagogical intervention. Two groups of monolingual Greek students, were tested in English through a pre-test, which was of an A1 level, according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). There was a sample of eight students (N=8) in the control group and eight students (N=8) in the experimental group. The control group was taught through a conventional coursebook-based syllabus, whereas the experimental group was taught through differentiated instruction. The comparison between the two groups revealed that the performance achieved by the students of the experimental group was significantly higher. The results, of this research, suggest that the pedagogical intervention used in the experimental group aided the development of students’ oral and aural skills.
This paper investigates the role that spatial mobility plays for early‐career labor market outcomes across education programs and qualification levels. We use data for the full population of Danish graduates from upper (post‐)secondary and tertiary education programs to estimate the labor market returns from migrating after graduation. Benchmark OLS estimates find positive correlations between migration, the employment probability, and entry wages. We further apply IV estimation with instruments constructed from exogenous push factors into migration at the individual, education institution, and local labor market level. Results confirm a mobility premium for graduates from tertiary but not from vocational education programs.
Interpretation of the geophilosophy of Deleuze and Guattari's collaborative work as it applies to the social sciences and earth sciences, in particular geography. Utilizes the framework of non-lieanr dynamics (complexity theory). Includes a case study.
In recent decades, European neighbouring regions have gained importance in the processes of spatial integration within the European Union. Based on the European Cohesion goals, cross-border cooperation among institutions supports the socio-economic development of the regions and enhances equality across Europe. In order to study cross-border institutional cooperation, this chapter develops a conceptual model of cross-border institutional thickness (CBIT) and tests its applicability on the case study of the Rhine-Waal region (NL-GE). It is explorative research, based on the Interreg IVA project database. The chapter focuses on institutions, cross-border initiatives and policies, and contributes to the body of empirical evidence on the issue. A set of social network analysis techniques are applied to measure the CBIT model and unfold some facts about cross-border interactions among institutions by means of Interreg projects in the Rhine-Waal region.
