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New records of two parrotfish (Perciformes: Scaridae) from Saint Martin's Island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
Abstract
The present article reports two new records of parrotfish Scarus ghobban Forsskal, 1775 and Chlorurus rhakoura Randall & Anderson,
1997 from Bangladesh. Specimens were collected from Saint Martin’s Island located at the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh during a survey on
coral associated fishes of the country from July 2017 to September 2018. The examined specimens are described by morphomeristic
characteristics in addition with DNA barcoding. The present study constitutes an extension of the known distributional range of C. rhakoura
from the Gulf of Mannar of the southern Bay of Bengal to Northern Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
This study employs the DNA barcoding approach to make a molecular taxonomic catalog of reef fishes of Saint Martin's Island (SMI), an ecologically critical area (ECA), and Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Bangladesh. DNA barcoding, along with morphological analysis, confirmed 84 reef-associated fish species in SMI belonging to 16 orders, 39 families, and 67 genera. A total of 184 sequences were obtained in this study where 151 sequences (534–604 bp) of 81 species were identified from the COI barcode gene and 33 sequences (609 bp) of 19 species from the 16S rRNA gene region which were submitted to the GenBank and Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD). Among these sequences, 70 sequences of the COI gene and 16 sequences of 16S rRNA gene region from 41 species were submitted for the first time into the GenBank from Bangladesh. For molecular characterization analysis, another 37 sequences of 15 reef fish species of SMI were added from previous studies, making a total of 221 DNA sequences which comprised 179 sequences of 96 species for the COI gene and 42 sequences of 26 species for the 16S rRNA gene region. The COI sequences contain 145 haplotypes with 337 polymorphic sites, and the mean genetic distances within species, genera, and families were calculated as 0.34%, 12.26%, and 19.03%, respectively. On the contrary, 16S rRNA sequences comprised 31 haplotypes with 241 polymorphic sites, and the mean genetic divergences within species, genera, and families were 0.94%, 4.72%, and 12.43%, respectively. This study is a significant contribution to the marine biodiversity of Bangladesh which would facilitate the assessment of species diversity for strategizing management action. It is also an important input to the DNA barcode library of reef fishes of the northern Bay of Bengal.
We present the latest version of the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software, which contains many sophisticated
methods and tools for phylogenomics and phylomedicine. In this major upgrade, MEGA has been optimized for use on 64-bit computing
systems for analyzing bigger datasets. Researchers can now explore and analyze tens of thousands of sequences in MEGA. The
new version also provides an advanced wizard for building timetrees and includes a new functionality to automatically predict
gene duplication events in gene family trees. The 64-bit MEGA is made available in two interfaces: graphical and command line.
The graphical user interface (GUI) is a native Microsoft Windows application that can also be used on Mac OSX. The command
line MEGA is available as native applications for Windows, Linux, and Mac OSX. They are intended for use in high-throughput
and scripted analysis. Both versions are available from www.megasoftware.net free of charge.
of India organized a series of training programs entitled "DBT sponsored Three Months National Training in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology for Fisheries Professionals". The scope of this training is to promote development of trained human resource for application of molecular tools to research problems in fisheries and aquaculture, to help them adapt to such facilities and work programs and to include analyses that comply with worldwide regulatory acts in the field of biotechnology. At present, mostly traditional methods are being used in the fisheries sector and only a few researchers are applying molecular methodologies.
This chapter contains an updated information on the marine fishes of the world with the list updated from the Catalog of Fishes online (Eschmeyer et al., 2018)
The scarid sh Chlorurus rhakoura Randall & Anderson, 1997, of eastern Indo-Pacic origin, is recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. A small school of six individuals of this species were caught off Portopalo, Sicily, Italy in February 2017. Morphometric measurements and meristic traits are provided based on four specimens, and the possible vector of introduction of the species into the Mediterranean is briefly discussed.
Rare Parrot fish Chlorurus rhakoura recorded from the Gulf of Mannar
This field guide covers the major resource groups likely to be encountered in the fisheries of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. It includes marine plants, shrimps, lobsters, crabs, bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods, sharks, batoid fishes, bony fishes, sea snakes, sea turtles, sea birds, and marine mammals. In order to serve as a tool for ecological and biodiversity studies, all species know from the Gulf of certain groups are included. These include the sharks, batoid fishes, bony fishes, sea turtles, and marine mammals. Each resource group is introduced by a general section on technical terms and measurements pertinent to that group and an illustrated guide to higher taxonomic groups when relevant. Species are then treated in a subsequent guide that includes scientific nomenclature, common English and Arabic names where available, size information, information on habitat, biology, and fisheries, diagnostic features, and one or more illustrations, some of which are included in colour. The guide is fully indexed and a list of references is appended.
Available online under
http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp
2004) A review of parrotfishes (Perciformes: Scaridae) of Taiwan with descriptions of four new records and one doubtful species. Zoological Studies 43(3): 519-536. In total, 30 species belonging to 7 genera and 2 subfamilies of the family Scaridae are found in Taiwan. Among them, 4 species, Calotomus japonicus, Scarus chameleon, S. quoyi, and S. spinus, are recorded for the 1st time from Taiwan. The biogeographical distribution of Calotomus japonicus is extended southwards to southern Taiwan. According to Bellwood (1994), 5 species previously classified into the genus Scarus in Shen et al. (1993) should be placed in the genus Chlorurus: C. bowersi, C. japanensis, C. microrhi-nos, C. oedema, and C. sordidus. The 2nd and 3rd species mentioned above were respectively used as junior synonyms of S. pyrrhurus and S. gibbus. Furthermore, we found specimens which would be a new species of Scarus since its morphological and molecular data show significant differences from other congeneric species. Because most of the parrotfish specimens in Shao and Chen (1989) were damaged or discarded, we recollect-ed and re-deposited almost all of them to the Research Museum of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Taipei. In addition to detailed descriptions of the 4 newly recorded species and 1 doubtful species, the syn-onym lists, catalog numbers of deposited specimens, and distributions of the remaining 26 species were also compiled. A diagnostic key to the species, and color plates of all parrotfish species of Taiwan are also provided in this paper.
In the present study, we identified two species of parrotfish namely S. ghobban and C. rhakoura from Saint Martin's Island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. Therefore, six valid species of parrotfish are been reported until now in Bangladesh
- Rahman
Rahman et al. 2009; Thompson and Islam 2010), whereas approximately 32 species of parrotfish occur
in Indian marine waters (Barman and Mishra 2005; Rajan et al. 2013; Saravanan et al. 2016; Nair and Kumar
2018;). In the present study, we identified two species of parrotfish namely S. ghobban and C. rhakoura from
Saint Martin's Island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. Therefore, six valid species of parrotfish are been
reported until now in Bangladesh, which have been presented in Table 2 as an updated checklist of parrotfishes.
Though S. ghobban was previously recorded from Digha coast (West Bengal, India) of the northern Bay of
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