No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Influence of growth media and regulators on vegetative propagation of rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
Abstract
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves and a lovely fragrance. Leaves are finely chopped and used to flavour dishes. Rosemary propagation is done through either seed or stem cutting. Seeds of rosemary are rarely used in propagation as they are slow to germinate, taking 3–4 weeks before emergence with a poor germination rate of 10–20%. Propagation of plants from cuttings,enables a large percentage of the cuttings to produce roots quickly, and using a rooting hormone increases the success rate of creating new plants. This study was initiated to determine the best growth media and growth hormone for use in rosemary propagation. The trial was laid out in a two factor randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Four growing media (1) vermiculite, (2) top soil/manure/sand mixture at ratio 10:3:1 (top soil mixture), (3) top soil only and (4) sand, in combination with four growth hormones (i) Baby Bio (Roota²), (ii) Roothom H, (iii) Anatone 3 and (iv) control were evaluated. A significant difference was observed with the use of growth hormones, with the highest mean root number observed in the sand media in combination with Roothom H (48.73) while the control (no hormone) gave the lowest in vermiculite (9.34). Roothom H gave the best performance in mean root numbers across the four media treatments and therefore is recommended to stimulate root growth in cuttings.
... Rosemary is an evergreen, perennial, and tufted shrub, with erect or procumbent growth and a maximum height, usually, up to 1.8 m [1]. It is propagated easily by seeds, cuttings, layering, or root division [2][3][4]. Although it derives from the Mediterranean basin, it is hardly enough that it can be cultivated in a vast spectrum of environmental conditions. ...
... Seeds of rosemary are rarely used in propagation as they are slow to germinate, taking 3-4 weeks before emergence, with a poor germination rate of 10-20% [3]. Therefore, vegetative propagation is the most common method for propagation. ...
... A mixture of peat and perlite (1:1, v/v) was referred to, by Varban et al. [24], as the most effective substrate for the rooting of rosemary stem cuttings. Kiuru et al. [3] also tested four different substrates (vermiculite, topsoil-manure-sand mixture at a ratio of 10:3:1, topsoil, and sand), on the propagation of rosemary by cuttings, and concluded that the sand was the most efficient one. Furthermore, Mendoza-Hernandez et al. [25] tested the replacement of peat, in the rooting substrate, with compost and various vermicomposts of horticultural waste. ...
A comprehensive collection of 1254 tomato accessions, corresponding to European traditional and modern varieties, early domesticated varieties, and wild relatives, was analyzed by genotyping by sequencing. A continuous genetic gradient between the traditional and modern varieties was observed. European traditional tomatoes displayed very low genetic diversity, with only 298 polymorphic loci (95% threshold) out of 64 943 total variants. European traditional tomatoes could be classified into several genetic groups. Two main clusters consisting of Spanish and Italian accessions showed higher genetic diversity than the remaining varieties, suggesting that these regions might be independent secondary centers of diversity with a different history. Other varieties seem to be the result of a more recent complex pattern of migrations and hybridizations among the European regions. Several polymorphic loci were associated in a genome-wide association study with fruit morphological traits in the European traditional collection. The corresponding alleles were found to contribute to the distinctive phenotypic characteristic of the genetic varietal groups. The few highly polymorphic loci associated with morphological traits in an otherwise a low-diversity population suggests a history of balancing selection, in which tomato farmers likely maintained the morphological variation by inadvertently applying a high selective pressure within different varietal types.
... Rosemary is an evergreen, perennial, and tufted shrub, with erect or procumbent growth and a maximum height, usually, up to 1.8 m [1]. It is propagated easily by seeds, cuttings, layering, or root division [2][3][4]. Although it derives from the Mediterranean basin, it is hardly enough that it can be cultivated in a vast spectrum of environmental conditions. ...
... Seeds of rosemary are rarely used in propagation as they are slow to germinate, taking 3-4 weeks before emergence, with a poor germination rate of 10-20% [3]. Therefore, vegetative propagation is the most common method for propagation. ...
... A mixture of peat and perlite (1:1, v/v) was referred to, by Varban et al. [24], as the most effective substrate for the rooting of rosemary stem cuttings. Kiuru et al. [3] also tested four different substrates (vermiculite, topsoil-manure-sand mixture at a ratio of 10:3:1, topsoil, and sand), on the propagation of rosemary by cuttings, and concluded that the sand was the most efficient one. Furthermore, Mendoza-Hernandez et al. [25] tested the replacement of peat, in the rooting substrate, with compost and various vermicomposts of horticultural waste. ...
Rosmarinus officinalis L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is cultivated worldwide due to its diverse uses as an ornamental evergreen shrub in gardening, as well as a food seasoning and a natural medicine. The present research was conducted to study the morphological traits of seven wild-grown rosemary populations in Greece, as well as the propagation of two selected populations with the most desirable ornamental characteristics, by the use of shoot cuttings and in vitro cultures. From the study of the morphological traits of the seven populations, those with interesting features were grown in the areas of Amaliada and Piperia and, thus, were chosen for studying their propagation. Rooting of the shoot cuttings was carried out during the four seasons of the year, using potassium salt Indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA) at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 g·L−1, in various substrates under the intermittent mist or fog system. It was found that the shoot cuttings rooted easily in all four seasons, but there were better results for the population of ‘Piperia’ in autumn, with 1 g·L−1 K-IBA (80%), and ‘Amaliada’ in spring, with 0.5 g·L−1 K-IBA (82.5%), while higher rooting percentages were achieved in the fog system, on a substrate consisting of perlite and peat, in a ratio of 2:1 (85%). For the in vitro cultures, shoot tips excised from the two selected populations were successfully disinfested by pre-soaking in an antioxidant solution and then, by sterilizing them in 0.6% (w/v) NaOCl, followed by transferring them onto a Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium. ‘Amaliada’ cultures proved to be the most productive population (2.1 shoots per explant), with the highest shoot formation frequency (91.6%), when cultivated on the MS nutrient medium without plant growth regulators. For ‘Piperia’ cultures, the highest shoot formation frequency (66.6%) was achieved on the MS nutrient medium supplemented with 0.25 or 0.5 mg·L−1 6-Benzyloaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg·L−1 Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Spontaneous root formation frequency was noticed on the MS nutrient medium, containing 0.5 mg·L−1 BAP and 0.1 mg·L−1 IAA, for both ‘Amaliada’ and ‘Piperia’ cultures (50% and 41.6%, respectively) in a single stage, with root lengths of 7.1 and 5.3 cm, respectively. Rosemary plantlets, with roots formed in vitro after transplanting them in soilless substrate, were acclimatized adequately in the greenhouse environment (~70%).
... Rosemary oil demonstrated the lowest inhibitory concentration against Escherichia coli. The antibacterial properties of rosemary oil have been demonstrated in several investigations against Salmonella choleraesuis, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus, E. coli, and Staphylococcus aureus (16,17). ...
Introduction: Salvia Rosemary is a medicinal herb of great importance for traditional applications against several kinds of disease. Because of the range of bioactive compounds, the genus of Salvia Rosemary is regarded as one of the most significant genus utilised in many medical systems. This plant was chemically investigated for its bioactive compounds in the current analysis. Materials and Methods: The essential oil of Rosemary extract by using clevenger apparatus with the help of distillation method. Result: The anti-microbial gel was evaluated for appearance and homogeneity, grittiness, pH, viscosity, particle size etc. The anti-microbial gel was white in colour which feels smooth on application and have aromatic odour. The antimicrobial activity of herbal gel was compared with standard and it’s found to be less effective. Conclusion: It was inferred from the result that anti-microbial gel was good in appearance, homogeniety and easily spreadable. The anti-microbial gel was prepared using gelling agent like carbopol 934 along with polyethylene glycol and the formulation were subjected to various evaluation parameters. The pH of all three formulations were in the range of the pH of the skin. The Antimicrobial gel was less effective then standard gel as they have rosemary oil and lavender oil as their key ingredients because of their anti-microbial property.
... ZPT merupakan zat senyawa anorganik selain zat hara yang dalam jumlah sedikit dapat mempengaruhi proses fisiologis bagi tanaman (Pujiasmanto, 2020 (Hayati et al., 2012). Penelitian Kiuru et al. (2015) mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat keragaman hasil setekan akibat dari perbedaan komposisi media tanam tanaman rosemari. ...
Rosemary is one of the aromatic herb plants that is known to challenges in its seed production because the propagation of rosemary still relies on seed germination with low germination rates. To overcome this. This research aims to determine the growth response of rosemary stem cuttings to the application of Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) in the form of coconut water, variations in growing media, and their interaction. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design with the variation of growing media and different concentrations of coconut water PGR solution. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with a total of 15 treatment combinations repeated 3 times. The observed parameters included root length, number of roots, and number of shoots, with observations made every two weeks. The results showed that the combination of coconut water concentration and variation in growing media significantly interacted with the growth parameters, namely root length and number of roots. Additionally, individual factors such as the mixed soil and rice husk charcoal growing medium and 75% coconut water concentration separately had a significant effect on the number of sprouts at 42 and 56 days after planting.
... Keberhasilan perbanyakan vegetatif dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya bahan tanaman, kondisi lingkungan, media, zat pengatur tumbuh dan teknis pelaksanaan (Kiuru et al. 2015). Zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) adalah senyawa organik bukan nutrisi, yang dalam jumlah kecil atau konsentrasi rendah akan merangsang dan memodifikasi secara kualitatif terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman (Rahayu dan Riendriasari, 2016). ...
The aim of this research was to determine the effect of honey-cinnamon paste as a growth regulator on the layering of calamansi (Citrus microcarpa) grafts. This research used a simple randomized block design consisting of three treatments with four replicates. Four trees were selected for each replicate as parent plants. The growth regulator concentration treatments used were control (no growth regulator added); 146.67 g Rootone F/100 ml water (P1); and 36.67 g honey-cinnamon paste/ 100 ml of honey (P2). Both growth regulators showed similar effects and better results than the control treatment on the layering of the calamansi graft i.e. root number and length. Honey-cinnamon paste acts as an alternative to synthetic phytohormone because it contains enzymes and monosaccharide compounds (glucose and fructose) which can stimulate roots in calamansi layering. In addition, the antibacterial and antifungal in honey-cinnamon paste can also provide better environment for graft layering. ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pasta kayu manis-madu terhadap pembentukan akar pada cangkok kalamansi. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) sederhana dengan 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Dari masing-masing ulangan dipilih 4 pohon sebagaitanaman induk. Perlakuan konsentrasi ZPT yang digunakan yaitu kontrol (tanpa ZPT), Rootone F (P1) sebanyak 146,67 g Rootone F per 100 ml air dan pasta kayu manis-madu (P2) dengan komposisi 36,67 g bubuk kayu manis per 100 ml madu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pasta kayu manis-madu memiliki pengaruh yang sama efektifnya dengan ZPT sintetis Rootone F dan keduanya memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dari kontrol terkait variabel jumlah dan panjang akar pada cangkok kalamansi. Pasta kayu manis-madu berperan sebagai fitohormon alternatif karena mengandung enzim dan senyawa monosakarida (glukosa dan fruktosa) yang dapat menstimulasi perakaran pada cangkok kalamansi. Selain itu, kandungan antibakteri dan antijamur pada pasta kayu manis-madu dapat mendukung kondisi perakaran cangkok yang lebih baik. Kata Kunci: Cangkok, Fitohormon Alternatif, Kalamansi, dan Pasta Kayu Manis-Madu.
... Meanwhile, vegetative propagation has advantages: the similar genetic characteristics as parent tree, seed can be produce anytime independent from fruiting season, easy seed provision and in large quantities, produce yield faster than seed propagated-plants. However, plant root was usually shallow and widespread, although it will develop following plant age [5]. Furthermore, vegetative propagation is also useful for developing clone bank (genetic conservation) [6]. ...
Cinnamon can be propagated generatively and vegetatively. Vegetative propagation will generate the similar characteristics as its parent tree, hence facilitating the providing of high quality seedling. The research objective was to obtain the suitable vegetative propagation technology for cinnamon by cutting. The research was conducted at Cimanggu Research Installation, ISMCRI, Bogor from January to December 2018. The experiment was designed in randomized block design, 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was cutting materials : shoot cutting from 1) the 1 st -2 nd node 2) the 3 rd -4 th node and 3) the 5 th -6 th node. The second factor was planting medium 1) manure: husk charcoal: soil (2: 1: 1), 2) manure: cocopeat: soil (2: 1: 1), and 3) water. The shoot cutting from the 5 th -6 th node indicated better plant growth than from the 1 st -2 nd node, although not significantly different from the 3 rd -4 th node. Cuttings grown in water medium indicated no new shoot emergence until the last observation. However, cuttings planted in charcoal or cocopeat media, grew well and showed no significant differences in all parameters. Cinnamon plant can be propagated vegetatively by cutting using shoot cuttings from 5 th -6 th node or the 3 rd -4 th node grown in media contained husk charcoal or cocopeat.
... Propagation of medicinal and aromatic plants by stem cuttings is the most vital method to reproduce plants (Anderson &Woods, 1999 andWaman et al., 2019). It offers production of true-to-type plants in a short time and availability of superior individuals for large scale commercial plantation with quick productive gains (Kiuru et al., 2015). ...
Adventitious root formation in stem cuttings is affected by exogenous and endogenous factors. The study assessed the effect of Fe(III)-EDDHA (ethylenediamine-N,N-bis 2-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid) on the rooting of 4 indol-3-butyric acid (IBA)-treated hardwood cuttings of the aromatic and medicinal species Rosmarinus officinalis. Cuttings treated with 0, 1000, 2000 or 3000 mg L−1 IBA were placed in pots filled with sand:perlite mixture and irrigated daily with nutrient solution pH 5.8, containing 0, 5, 10 or 20 µM Fe(III)-EDDHA. Ten days later, the number of new emerging roots were recorded. After 20 days, leaf photosynthetic pigments and morphological traits, including root number, fresh (FW) and dry weight (DW), shoot FW and DW, mean length of the longest roots, number of new shoots and new growth in old shoots, were measured. Finally, plants were transplanted to pots filled with a sand:soil mixture and survival was measured after 10 days. Results indicate that Fe application promotes root emergence and improves root and shoot biomass, leaf photosynthetic pigment concentrations and survival percentage. This indicates that using low concentrations of Fe(III)-EDDHA (5–20 µM) in the growth medium could be a good management strategy to facilitate the production of vigorous R. officinalis plants from hardwood cuttings.
Irrigation and growing substrate are considered as essential cultivation practices in order to obtain good productive and qualitative performance of potted rosemary plants. In pot growing, the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of the substrate must be stable over time in order to allow regular plant growth. However, the effects of cultivation techniques on the characteristics of potted rosemary are little known. Peat is traditionally used as the organic growing medium; however, despite numerous advantages, its use has determined a degradation of peatlands in the northern hemisphere and an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of irrigation and peat-alternative substrates on the morphological, aesthetic and production characteristics of potted Sicilian rosemary biotypes with different habitus types. Two years, two different irrigation levels, three peat-alternative substrates and three types of rosemary plant habitus were tested in a split-split-split-plot design for a four-factor experiment. The results highlight that irrigation and substrate determined significant differences for all tested parameters. Rosemary plants demonstrated the best performances when irrigation was more frequent; vice versa, the greatest percent content in essential oil was obtained when irrigation events were less frequent. The chemical–physical characteristics of peat-alternative substrates changed with decreases in the peat content and increases in the compost content. The erect habitus biotype showed the best adaptation capacity to the various treatments. Our results suggest that irrigation and peat-alternative substrates significantly affect the growth of rosemary plants and should, therefore, be taken into consideration in order to improve the cultivation of this species in pots for ornamental purposes.
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is an important medicinal and aromatic herb, used by various pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics industries. For most species, seed-based multiplication is effective and convenient, but for rosemary, seed germination is a problem due to the mucilaginous seed coat, and sometimes the germination is no more than 10–20% resulting in non-uniform crop establishment. This investigation was carried out to improve seed germination by using low-cost organic seed priming techniques. Eleven pre-sowing seed treatments were tested, based on locally available resources, including: soaking seeds in water (cold and hot), bovine urine (5%, 10%, 15% and 20% concentration), bovine dung slurry, buttermilk, compost tea and Agnihotra ash, and comparing with an untreated control. All the pre-sowing seed treatments increased the percentage of seed germination in rosemary compared with the control, except buttermilk, which had an adverse effect. Among the different treatments, seed germination was significantly increased to 46.7% for seeds treated with bovine dung slurry and to 42.0% for seeds treated with bovine urine5.0%, compared with those in the control where the germination was 9.7%. The bovine dung slurry treatment also recorded uniform and early germination (9 days for initiation and completion at 43 days) resulting in a significantly higher rate of germination (1.4) than the control. The number of leaves, the root length and the seedling vigour were also recorded to be the highest for seeds treated with bovine dung slurry, followed by bovine urine5.0%.
Background: Since the essential oil of lavender (Lavandula officinalis L.) was used for the treatment of diseases related to the nervous system and rheumatism, phytochemical evaluation of this plant is essential especially in terms of cultivation and production.
Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different culture media on the amount of essential components, chlorophyll content, nutrients, growth characteristics, and rooting of lavender.
Methods: The experiment was done the basis of randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) in 10 treatments and 3 replications. Substrates and culture media for plant production in this study were M1; sand, M2; sand:perlite (2:1), M3; sand:peat-moss (2:1), M4; sand:vermicompost (2:1), M5; sand:perlite:peat-moss (2:1:1), M6; sand:perlite:vermicompost (2:1:1), M7; sand:peat-moss:vermicompost (2:1:1), M8; sand:vermicompost:peat-moss:perlite (2:1:1:2), M9; sand:vermicompost:peat-moss:perlite (4:1:1:2), and M10; sand:vermicompost:peat-moss:perlite (6:1:1:2).
Results: Results showed that culture media had significant effect on the all characteristics of rooting, chlorophyll and nutrient content and essential oil components in lavender plants. Limonene, borneol, and camphor were the highest amount of essential oil compounds in lavender, respectively. The highest content of limonene and oxygenated monoterpenes in M1, rooting percentage and number of main root in M3, camphor and chlorophyll content and root dry weight in M5, borneol content in M8, and hydrocarbon monoterpenes in M10 were observed.
Conclusion: The application of different culture media in the production and propagation of lavender in addition to changes in morpho-physiological characteristics of lavender can directly alter the properties of essential oil and phytochemical compounds.
Cuttings of three ornamental species [ Ilex × ‘Nellie R. Stevens’, ( I . aquifolium × I. cornuta ) Van Lennep, × Cupressocyparis leylandii Jacks & Dall. ‘Haggerston Grey’, and Lagerstroemia indica L.] were inserted in 11 media to determine the effects of physical properties of propagation media on rooting response. The physical properties of seven propagation media were altered by manipulating particle size distribution of a 1 aged pine bark : 1 composted hardwood bark (v/v) medium. Four other propagation media were used for comparison. Container capacity air space ranged from 12% to 40%, and water held after drainage in the root zone ranged from 35% to 55%. Variation in rooting response of cuttings occurred, but differences could not be attributed to the physical properties of the various media. In addition, no relationship between rooting response and engineered combinations of hardwood bark and pine bark were detected.
The 'Ayvalik' olive cultivar, the most grown for high quality olive oil in Turkey, is generally regarded as showing very good rooting ability. However, cuttings sometimes show moderate or even poor rooting performances, a problem likely related to the use of inappropriate rooting media. The aim of this work was to determine the most successful media among those traditionally used and to identify promising alternatives. October cuttings were planted in 25 different media in two consecutive years under mist propagation conditions. Substrates such as peat, perlite, bark, pumice, sand, polystyrene beads, phenolic foam, rockwool and vermiculite were used pure or in mixtures. In the first year the highest rooting percentage (100%) and visual rating scores (5) were obtained with phenolformaldehyde foam. Perlite-vermiculite (1:1 v/v) was associated with a 95% rooting percentage in both years. The highest mean number of roots (10.8), root length (47 mm), root dry (382 mg) and fresh weights (48.3 mg), and number of secondary roots (13) were recorded in the same medium in the second year. Rockwool, peat-polystyrene (2:1 v/v) and sand-perlite (1:2 v/v) also led to more than 90% of cuttings taking root, while pure sand, peat and peat-sand mixtures gave very low (5-28%) rooting percentages. Perlite-vermiculite 1:1 (v/v) and pre-sized rockwool cubes may be appropriate alternatives to traditional sand-perlite mixtures for rooting 'Ayvalik' olive cuttings.
Rosemary presents difficulties in sexual propagation because it does not flower easily and, when it does, the seeds present low viability. Likewise, the rooting of stem cuttings of rosemary is slow. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of different sizes of stem cuttings and substrates on the propagation of rosemary. Three stem cuttings sizes of 6, 8 and 10 cm were taken from the apical part of one year old plants and rooted in 4 different substrates: black soil (SN), burn rice husk (CAQ), mixture of burn rice husk and black soil in 1:1 volume proportion (M), and Canadian peat moss (TRC), making a total of 12 treatments with 4 repetitions each one. The dry and fresh weight of stems and leaves were affected mainly by the substrate type. The size of stem cuttings affected proliferation of roots and stems. The TRC had a significant effect on fresh and dry weight of rosemary plants. The Canadian peat moss accumulated a high moisture contents making the highest relative water content (CRA) in this substrate. The fresh and dry weight of roots was influenced mainly by the size of stem cuttings. The best size of stem cuttings in rosemary propagation was 10 cm in all substrates. The substrate M was the second best one and had a significant benefit when compared with SN and CAQ.
Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim. (Japanese Stewartia), a member of Theaceae (tea family), is an excellent garden plant with ornamental features for all four seasons. Reproduction difficulty, however, limits its popularity. We conducted three experiments to ascertain the optimum conditions needed for rooting and subsequent overwintering of semihardwood Stewartia pseudocamellia cuttings. Cuttings were collected in July and prepared for rooting using two types of hormones (KIBA quick dip and Hormodin powder) and three media(Perlite +ProMix, Perlite + Perennial Mix, or Perlite + ProMix + Perennial Mix). Rooted cuttings were overwintered at four different temperatures. The best overwintering temperature was 5 8C, at which 65.6% of newly rooted cuttings survived. Temperatures lower than-12.2 8C were detrimental to the plants. Without cold treatment, only 21.9% of the rooted cuttings survived, which was three times lower than those that received 5 8C treatments. Plants rooted in Perlite + Perennial Mix had 61.8% overwintering survival, which is significantly higher than Perlite + ProMix. The quality of roots, indicated by total root length per cutting, was higher (104.3 cm) with Perlite + Perennial Mix, but not statistically significant. Cuttings treated with rooting hormones had higher rooting percentages (71.9% to 93.6%) as compared with the control (53%). For the same concentration (8000 mgL-1), liquid (KIBA) and liquid + powder (KIBA + indole-3-butyric acid) rooting hormones resulted in better rooting percentages than powder (Hormodin) alone, although there was no statistical difference in rooting percentages among rooting hormone treatments. The best hormone for subsequent overwintering survival was the combination of quick dip (5000 mgL-1 KIBA) and Hormodin #2 (0.3% a. i.; equivalent to 3000 mgL-1). It resulted in 64.2% survival, significantly higher than for KIBA quick dip (8000 mgL-1 a.i.) or Hormodin #3 (0.8% a. i.; equivalent to 8000 mgL-1) alone. Our results suggest that reproduction (rooting and overwintering) of Stewartia was affected by many factors. We recommend rooting Stewartia in media that has good aeration and moderate water-holding capacity and overwintering them at ' '5 8C.
Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis L., has become one of the natural antioxidants used to replace synthetic antioxidants or allow the use of synthetics in lesser quantities to preserve food and cosmetic products. This literature review summarizes the many antioxidant trials in which rosemary and rosemary extracts have been tested for antioxidant activity in comparison with other chemicals. As an antioxidant, rosemary has become to be regarded as potentially safer than chemical synthetic antioxidants.
In order to have standardized formulations, the chemical constituents from plants and their parts are required to be uniform both qualitatively and quantitatively. Furthermore, an ever increasing demand of uniform medicinal plants based medicines warrants their mass cloning through plant tissue culture strategy. A good number of medicinal plants have been reported to regenerate in vitro from their various parts, but a critical evaluation of such reports reveals that only a few complete medicinal plants have been regenerated and still fewer have actually been grown in soil, while their micropropagation on a mass scale has rarely been achieved, particularly in those medicinal plants where conventional propagation is inadequate, like, the mass clonal propagation of Dioscorea floribunda leading to its successful field trials. Such facts make it imperative to document the factual position of micropropagation of medicinal plants bringing out the advancements made along with the short falls, in this important area. The present review deals with the futuristic view on the said subject restricted to higher plants.
Export Statistics for
- Hcda
Controlling environmental conditions to improve adventitious rooting
- K Loach
Effect of different growing media on the rooting of Ficus binnendijkii ‘Amstel queen’ cuttings
- S Muhabat
- M A Khattak
- N Amin
Effect of media and different concentrations of IBA on rooting of ‘Ficus benjamina L.’ cutting
- M Shirzad
- S Sedaghathoor
- D Hashemabadi
Influence of variety and organic cultural practices on yield and essential oil content of lavender and rosemary in Interior BC
- A Maganga
Rooting and acclimatization of bunchberry in vitro-derived propagules. Poster board no. 271. American Society for Horticultural Science
- H J Straight
- T D West
Rosmarinus officinalis L
- C C De Guzman
Rooting of carnation cuttings as influenced by different rooting media
- S D Lal
- N S Dana