Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings
... The mathematical formulation for adjacent coupled buildings with deterministic base excitation is based on studies [7,8,[12][13]. For stochastic excitation with white noise as an input, the formulation is based on studies [14][15][16][17][18]. ...
... The elements of the covariance matrix with dimensions are except . With the covariance matrix it is possible to obtain the standard deviation of root mean square (RMS) values of displacements through: (13) where is a transformation matrix, which for this case, has the form: ...
... Table 2 provides the basic values describing the structural characteristics that have been used for this study. [34,54,55], we used β = 2.75 ×10 9 N/m 3/2 and ξ = 0.35 for the pounding force parameters in the nonlinear viscoelastic model, with an established coefficient of friction µ f of 0.5. In Equation (13), the translational and torsional stiffness at the center of mass for each story of a building are longitudinally in proportion to the stiffness of the same story [56]. ...
The structural pounding caused by an earthquake may damage structures and lead to their collapse. This study is focused on the pounding between two adjacent asymmetric structures with different dynamic properties resting on the surface of an elastic half-space. An exploration of the relationship between the effects of the seismic analysis with the impact response to the torsional pounding between adjacent buildings under different SSI effects has been presented. In this paper, the authors have proposed a procedure for analyzing the response for adjacent buildings subjected to the pounding effects, considering systems with multiple degrees of freedom and modal equations of motion with four types of soil. All the calculations have been performed based on the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The novelty of the present study is related to the fact that the rigorous and approximate methods are used to examine the effects of pounding and SSI simultaneously. As a result, these two methods have been thoroughly investigated for both effects and the results have been compared. The results show that the approximate method produces results that are slightly different from those obtained by the rigorous direct integration method in the case of small SSI effects due to an increase in the pounding force. The efficiency of the method is also validated using numerical examples.
... From the analysis of thermal and mechanical performance of the units and masonry walls based on experimental tests it is possible to state that: [27][28][29][30] -The clay unit exhibits adequate thermal performance, which complies with the need of the different Portuguese climatic zones by using adequate composition of raw materials and geometry of the internal hollow cells; ...
Chile’s mining industry, a global leader in copper production, faces challenges due to increasing volumes of mining waste, particularly Waste Rock Dumps (WRD) and LeachingWaste Dumps (LWD). The National Service of Geology and Mining (SERNAGEOMIN) requires assessment of the physical stability (PS) of these facilities, but current methods are hindered by data scarcity and resource constraints. This study proposes a simplified evaluation methodology using first-order parameters from open-access data. By integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)—utilizing models like YOLOv11 and convolutional neural networks—we automate the detection and characterization of WRD and LWD from satellite imagery, extracting critical parameters for PS assessment. This approach reduces analysis time and minimizes human error. Validated in the Antofagasta Region, Chile’s primary mining area, we identified and evaluated 70 WRD and 54 LWD. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of prioritizing deposits based on potential risk, enhancing SERNAGEOMIN’s capacity for supervision. The successful application suggests scalability to other mining regions and adaptability to different facility types, including tailings storage facilities. This work offers a practical tool to improve safety and risk management in the mining industry, addressing critical challenges in PS evaluation under current regulatory constraints.
A KBS for the preliminary costing of bridges is described. This system is based on the principle of heuristic substitution and provides the designer with a quick and easy way of obtaining a preliminary costing for a bridge design. The system can then be used to explore the implications of varying this design and allows easy comparison with alternative designs. By doing this, the system successfully fills a gap in the costing mechanisms currently used in practice. Preliminary trials with the system show that the speed and ease of use of the software enables designers to search for optimal solutions. It is thought that systems of this type will have a substantial impact on present conceptual design practices.
Synthese und Analyse von gekoppelten Modellen im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau
The paper aims to give an approximate evaluation of the ductility and strength demand so that a structure can resist strong earthquakes of an assigned intensity level. It is shown, by means of a suitable energy balance equation, that the aseismic capacity of structures depends on a special coupling of strength and ductility defined as aseismic toughness. A broad evaluation of the toughness ratios that can be achieved in reinforced concrete structures ends the paper.Lo scopo del Lavoro quello di fornire una valutazione approssimata della richiesta di duttilit e di resistenza necessaria affinich una struttura possa assorbire l'azione di un terremoto di assegnata intensit. Per mezzo di un'opportuna equazione di bilancio cos mostrato che la capacit della struttura ad assorbire l'azione di terremoti violenti dipende da un particolare accoppiamento di resistenza e duttilit che viene definito come tenacit antisismica della struttura. Una prima valutazione dei rapposti di tenacit antisismica raggiungibili nelle strutture in cemento armato completa il Lavoro.
The paper presents the development of an expert system called ERDES, whose main goal is to assist the engineer and/or architect in the conception of the structural system of multi-storey reinforced concrete buildings, optimizing the building's seismic behaviour and cost. The program assists the engineer in important design decisions regarding the configuration, the proportions, the load resisting system and the details that can affect the seismic safety of buildings. ERDES comprises three main subsystems: the expert system, an algorithmic programme for analysis and sizing, and an intelligent user-system CAD interface. The expert system configures the building's structural system and makes suggestions to the designer regarding the location and preliminary size of structural elements. The alternative suggestions are presented through the CAD interface. Once the user makes a selection, the analysis programme proceeds with the more detailed sizing of elements, the calculation of stresses, displacements and overall seismic performance of the building, and the corresponding volume of concrete, weight of reinforcement and a cost estimate. ERDES was tested and evaluated, using real building design cases, which concluded that the expert system offers the engineer the capability of improved earthquake-resistant design and greater economy in the building cost.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.