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Pestrá Evropa: Galicijci ve Španělsku, Lipovci v Rumunsku, Češi v Lucembursku, Češi v Belgii, Češi v Rakousku

September 2020

Publisher: Nostalgie Praha
ISBN: 978-80-906207-9-7

Project: Pestrá Evropa

Authors:

Petr Kokaisl

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Veronika Fialová

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Markéta Humlová

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

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Pestrá Evropa. Galicijci ve Španělsku, Lipovci v Rumunsku, Češi v Lucembursku, Češi v Belgii, Češi v Rakousku.

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Pestrá Evropa: Burkiňané ve Francii, Češi v Rakousku, Češi v Rumunsku, Rusíni na Ukrajině, Italové ve Slovinsku, Poláci v Rumunsku, Tataři v Rumunsku, Krymští Tataři, Turci v Německu, Makedonci v Albánii, Alsasané.

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Democracy in Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan

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Petr Kokaisl

The economic impact of globalization usually draws the most attention, while the accompanying aspects, which may include the transformation of an entire culture, are mentioned only secondarily. However, deeper transformational changes occur in culture and the social structure, which also affects changes in an individual’s thinking and reasoning. However, efforts to unify (perhaps slowly and not ... [Show full abstract] always as visibly) are also an important aspect of globalization, and these efforts deeply influence culture, particularly in terms of political systems and methods of delegating power. Even here a uniform model has been created—the so-called Western-type democracy, which should be ideally applied at an all-planetary level. It is not always easy to leave the original system and accept a new system. Very often certain matters with little or no interrelation may be misunderstood. This applies to the interdependence among the standard of living, culture, and the political system.

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ОЦЕНКА ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ КАРПАТСКИХ РУСИНОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ДИСКУССИЙ ДЕПУТАТОВ ПАРЛАМЕНТА ЧЕХОСЛОВАЦКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИК...

September 2019 · Rusin

Petr Kokaisl

На основе стенографических протоколов дебатов в палате депутатов Чехословацкой Республики в период 1918–1938 гг. рассматриваются взаимоотношения между представителями ЧР и русинского населения, решение русинского вопроса и отношение русинских политиков к чехословацкому правительству, а также способы решения русинского вопроса. Проанализировано несколько этапов решения русинских вопросов в Палате ... [Show full abstract] депутатов. Основными темами выступлений депутатов были автономистские усилия русинских представителей правительства, неутешительная экономическая ситуация в Подкарпатской Руси, ситуация в сфере образования, в т. ч. споры об использовании языка, разногласия, связанные с признанием русинов на территории современной Словакии и с оспариванием их образования местными органами власти (попытка включить русинов в состав словацкой нации). Drawing on the verbatim transcripts of debates in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czechoslovak Republic in 1918–1938, the author discusses the relationship between representatives of the Czechoslovak Republic and the Rusins. Many parliamentarians from Carpathian Rus expressed considerably contradictory views on autonomous arrangements and its necessity from the first years of the Czechoslovak parliament activities until 1938. The main positive achievements of the Czechoslovak Republic government in Carpathian Rus included a certain economic uplift of a very backward region along with the elimination of illiteracy among population. However, among the negative trends in the policy of the Czechoslovak Republic in the interwar period was strong nationalism and anti-Catholic policy, which, to some extent, affected Carpathian Rus. To sum it up, the twenty-year operation of the Czechoslovak government in Carpathian Rus can hardly be considered an example of political skill, as it failed to at least partially meet the needs and requirements of all ethnic groups. Nevertheless, the interwar period is generally assessed positively by contemporary Rusinian organizations as well as by Czech historiography.

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Nationalists usually emphasise the timeless and primordialist origins of the nation, but states also make conscious efforts to construct nations. Drawing on the case of the Uyghurs, this article shows how states support certain nationalist tendencies and use them – with varying degrees of success – to advance particular ideologies. In the 1930s, as a consequence of Soviet national policy, ... [Show full abstract] different ethnicities joined a new Uyghur nation. The state therefore constructed the Uyghurs (together with other ethnic groups) through a political decision. In doing so the state emphasised the primordial aspect of Uyghurdom, however, whereby the nation should have existed from time immemorial and its attributes should be stable and firm. After World War II, both the Chinese government and Uyghur leaders in Xinjiang fighting against that government adopted this Soviet-inspired concept of a united Uyghur nation, and it was also adopted by Uyghurs in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. States have the capacity to construct new nations, but other factors (geographic, political, cultural and intercommunal) can nullify or amplify these efforts. This is evident in southern Kyrgyzstan, where coexistence with Uzbeks has led to the assimilation of the Uyghurs, while in the north the Uyghurs have maintained their cultural characteristics.

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Pestrá Evropa: Galicijci ve Španělsku, Lipovci v Rumunsku, Češi v Lucembursku, Češi v Belgii, Češi v Rakousku

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