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Abstract and Figures

While it may seem like the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) across Africa is slow-paced, the increasing advocacy efforts from various stakeholders is now resulting in a widespread drive for implementation and deployment. Coupled with the ongoing disruption by the global COVID-19 pandemic, there is now a very high degree of the utilization of digital technologies by construction professionals. As a first of its kind across the continent, the African BIM Report was conceived to provide a continuous review of the state of implementation of BIM by the industry. The report will progressively highlight exceptional projects, industry leaders and research experts across Africa. A pan-African survey will integrate the opinion from a wider range of professionals. As a dynamic, future-focused, and thriving community, BIM Africa is well-positioned to champion the digital transformation of the built industry across Africa. Our approach covers broad industry education, extensive research, professional development and certifications, quality networking and the formulation of locally adapted standards. Our Research and Development Committee comprises of a thriving portfolio of internationally certified and brilliant academic researchers of African descent; the coming together of bright minds to impact their motherland.
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AFRICAN
BIM REPORT
2020
Table of Content
ii. Preface

iv. Acknowledgement & Editorial Team
i
African BIM Report 2020
Digital Twinning, Smart Cities & Internet of Things
Dr Zulfikar A. Adamu
Digital Success: AECOM Delivers Capitec Bank Headquarters in
Stellenbosch
Wesley Ferguson
Artificial Intelligence and Digital Construction for Nigeria’s Sustainable
Development
Prof Lukumon O. Oyedele
An MEP Contractor's Approach To BIM Implementation
Blaze
BIM Survey: Summary of Findings
Research & Development Committee
Conceptual Building Information Modelling Framework for Sustainable
Housing Upgrading in Informal Settlement
Dr F.H. Abanda
Excerpt Of The Roadmap For The Adoption And Implementation Of
BIM Technology In The Architectural, Engineering And Construction
(AEC) Industry
The Ethopian Construction Project Management Institute
(ECPMI)
Assessment of Building Information Modeling (BIM) Utilisation In The
Tanzanian Construction Industry: Eight Years Later
Dr Rehema Monko(PhD)
Framework for BIM Implementation in the Ministry of Housing and
Town Planning, Algeria
SPA BEREG / SARL MBIM
144 Oxford Road Project: Stretching Sustainability beyond limits.
Paragon Architects
1
8
13
17
22
34
40
46
50
53
The voyage before us all is both exciting and astounding.
Iungere nobis ad incursum Afrika!
       

Africa is slow-paced, the increasing
    
       
   
      
      
      


     
  

report will progressively highlight
    
research experts across Africa.
A pan-African survey will integrate the
opinion from a wider range of professionals.
As a dynamic, future-focused, and thriving

     
     
    
research, professional development and
    
    

     
   
academic researchers of African descent;
      
impact their motherland.
ii
African BIM Report 2020
Moses Itanola
Executive Director,
BIM Africa
Sa'id Kori (PhD),
Chairman, Board of
Directors, BIM Africa
 



              



          
                 
              

              



                




Introduction
Abdullahi Saka
Committee Lead
Research & Development
Committee,
BIM Africa Initiative.
iii
African BIM Report 2020
Acknowledgement
Coordinator(s)


Lot Kaduma


Editorial Team

               


All rights reserved.
            

















iii
African BIM Report 2020




Khalid Bouguerra
Kudirat Ayinla



Emmanuel Aghimien

1
Digital Twinning,
Smart Cities &
Internet of Things
   
    




      
-
   
    
-
      


   

     
   
hype cycle. Being a heavy-spending

    
  
    
   
target for all manners of stakehold-
ers. Today, it is not uncommon to
   
  

  
championing change via a process
 

is rapidly evolving with modernisa-
     
    
exposure and understanding of key
concepts and technologies, some of
    
     
who exist everywhere.
A closer look at happenings in
developed countries will reveal a
worrisome trend while there is
   

     
   
-
  
to drive process improvement or
   
      
    -
     
   
could hardly happen in other indus-
 -

 -
    
paradigms that are ripe for explora-
-
sionals in Africa so they can lead the
much-needed changes that would
     
    -
ment. These paradigms, which also
   
  -
A demystification and
roadmap for integration in
the African AEC industry
Dr Zulfikar A. Adamu
[PhD, MBCS, MIET,
FCABE]
Associate Professor of
Strategic IT in Construction &
Associate HOD,
Construction, Property and
Surveying, School of The Built
Environment and
Architecture, London South
Bank University, United
Kingdom
Background
African BIM Report 2020
Level  Physical Twin
Data


Physical
Twin
Machine
Learning
(Operator
Preferences
Machine
Learning



Twin

emphasis on
technology/technical-risk

does not exist   

Twin

the physical twin exists
exists
exists
performance,
health status,
maintenace;

performance,
health status,
maintenace;

updates
performance,
health status,
maintenace;
environment;


updates
 
3


Twin

the physical twin with
  
Intelligent

Twin

the physical twin with

reinforcement learning
 
     
astonishing that today, some so-called


      

    
 
which is a paradigm that existed as a
separate concept for many years,
owing to its existence to IoT and has

electronic industries. In short, from an

    
hand has no conceptual origin or
-
-

 
      
  
-
    
 

-
      
     
products.

      
physical product. A model is merely an
  
   
       
    

hooked up via IoT technology to the
    -
     
   


   
      
gradually increasing the complexity and
     -

Digital Twinning (DT)
2
African BIM Report 2020
In the aerospace industry, for instance,
       
   
      
analysts to actually "see" the engine
 
    
sensors would collect various kinds of

format using a spreadsheet/line graph.
This is what is needed for decision

    
   
Buildings, this does not mean that it

     
 


    
cannot replace a profession with a tool.

      

    


      
framework for digital twinning via
  
     
     

     
      
    
   
   
     
    
   

      
   

    


    

    
unfortunately.

The AEC industry’s traditional apathy towards change and
improvements is hurting its march towards genuine solutions
to real problems.
3
African BIM Report 2020

necessity and opportunity. In terms of
   
    
      

    



        
    


   
      
professionals.

      
achieve the environmental, social, and
   
   
     
concerned, we have the technology
   
      
       
    
development on the environment, e.g.

    
     
     
technologies and connected data
    
powerful in terms of infrastructure and
   
   

power plants, water supplies,
    
other community services". Another
     
    
      
    
  
    
prosperous and inclusive future for its

There are many sectors of a typical

      

   
Infrastructure, we would have smart
   
   
   
our urine and sending the data to our

 
  
automated structural integrity
   
    
    
    


     
    

   
recycling and monitoring of waste and
    
    
    

  
  
    
   
     
     
 

while giving people the opportunity to

 

Smart Cities
There are many sectors of a typical urban settlement that can benefit
from being a smart city from the built environment perspective.
Smart Transportation and Security can help solve trac gridlock and
congestion, which robs residents of cities like Lagos of productive hours.
4
African BIM Report 2020
5
   
cannot deliver the paradigm of smart
     
address the contemporary issues
  
   
emergent challenges and concerns for

    
      
collected, stored, analysed and
  
espionage, ransomware, etc. is a real
    
departments have fallen prey to this;
   
 
 
so do we need to keep replacing
    
  
   
   
     
    


   
infrastructure - Both IT and physical

 
for it and what is the return on



African BIM Report 2020
Data privacy - individuals have right to be concerned about how
their data is collected, stored, analysed and exploited;
6
      
    -
    
    

      

    
   
    
  
     
-
      

     
     
     -
      
     
     
-
      
    



     
       
      
  
for a device comprises of eight groups
    
colons, e.g.


      

     
     
    

    
this development.
      
means your door or window could have
   -
     
to connect wireless through the
      
smart, e.g. allowing you to open or
     
     
-
   
     
       

     

    
there is more to smartness.
Internet-of-Things (IoT) and smart objects
3.8
10.1
13.9
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
15.0
16.4 17.8
19.4
21.2
23.2
25.4
Non-IoT
IoT
27.9
30.9
34.2
10.3
10.6 10.8
10.8
11.3
11.6
11.9
12.1
12.4
12.7
4.7 5.9 7.0 7.3 9.9 11.6 13.5 15.8 18.5 21.5
10%
Total number of active device connnections worldwide
Number of global Connections (installed based) in Bn
Note: Non-Iot Includes all mobile phines, tablets, PCs, laptop, and fixed line phones. IoT includes all consumer and B2B devices connected - see IoT break-down for further details
Source:IoT Analytics Research 2018

African BIM Report 2020
7
In the context of developing countries
     
    
     

     
    
    
status on the performance of their
 

phases would have inputs, if not direct
 
     

      
      
important concept that rapidly
    
exploit to upgrade and redevelop into

improved standard of living for all. This
    
 
    
implement digital twins and smart
     
intellectual capacity, which means our
    
rethink if their present curriculum is
future proof. Are we training
     

    
    
how technology has pervaded our

    
     


      
      
     
and places of work. We typically spend
        
environment of some sort and so it is
unsurprising that we pamper our
    
       
nowadays, such technology is digital.
     
 
     
“Technology is rooted in the past, it
dominates the present and trends into
the future…and wherever it


      
never spoken!
Summary: Exploiting Digital Twinning, Smart Cities
and IoT for the AEC industry in Africa
“Technology is rooted
in the past, it
dominates the present
and trends into the
future…and
wherever it
(technology) reaches
its real fulfilment, it
transcends into
architecture”.
Further reading:
-








African BIM Report 2020


      

   



analysed using AI due to sheer volume/speed of the data
-
-

8
Digital Success: AECOM
Delivers Capitec Bank
Headquarters in Stellenbosch
The end of 2019 saw the compleon of the latest project for Capitec Bank. AECOM in collaboraon with dhk Architects and
interior designers, Collaboraon delivered this striking new building in Stellenbosch. AECOM provided Structural, Mechanical,
Civil, Wet Services, Fire and Electrical Engineering services. The role of digital tools and established workflows proved key to
the successful delivery of the project.

                 
                 
               
                  
                

by: Wesley Ferguson
African BIM Report 2020

9
AECOM development strategy and Digital
strategy development
        -
       
 -

    
          

and Places and notes the progressive path that large scale
 
         
-




         
 -
-
    
       

culture, adopt and adapt faster than others. The structural
  
       
harder, real world lessons learnt, it helps to push all other
connected teams forward. Large, complex commercial
 
       

Capitec Project Digital Delivery Strategy


        
 
        
          

       
       


 

       
Extensive training was provided to get all stakeholders on the



       
important to emphasise that the gold standard for digital

       
-
         
       

       
         

Schalk Marais
AECOM Project Practice
Area Lead – Structures
Craig Howie
Digital Project Delivery
Lead, Buildings and
Places, Africa
Wesley Ferguson
Project BIM Coordination
Manager. Discipline BIM
Lead – Structures Buildings
and Places, Africa
African BIM Report 2020

       -
       


            
   
       
        

        

       
   

-
ty of the model geometry created, tested the cloud hosted
      
        
        
       



         
 
  
-
          
       

        



early development paid impressive dividends with roughly

-
          
 
    
         
        
      
       
          


        

  
           
       
       

        
         


10
African BIM Report 2020


   
       
      
       -
works was used extensively to clash and coordinate the

      

  

         
eliminated human error. With version control a key element
          


taken that it is not seen as a replacement for sound, coordi-
nated engineering design principles. Engineering design and
-
cy for design leads to think that clash free results are the

    
design.
  


          
   

       
       
   
   -
-


         
       
      -
-
  
             
-
         
         
   
-
         
        
        
          
-
     
      


11
African BIM Report 2020


Conclusion
In hindsight it is worth considering the way that the

      
       
      
      
      
      
the virtual model and working together to resolve
       

now experience.
    
      
        
tools. This has served to advance the industry in that
       
     
   
 




      


    
     


12
African BIM Report 2020

The world, and indeed Africa
    
watershed moment, with the

    

     
    
   
   
Experts have predicted that digital
  
   
    
   
recovery and growth. Leading AI
economies in America and Europe
    
      
    
    
while developing economies such as


the digital economy. At the moment,
     
     
 

With various development index
such poverty, hunger, healthcare,
  
    
economic growth looking

looks at how AI & digital
    
address these challenges especially
    
 
Industry. The write-up dissects the
   
current performance, whilst
proposing strategies for
improvement, using real-life

 

Artificial Intelligence
and Digital Construction
for Nigeria’s Sustainable
Development
Background
Prof Lukumon O. Oyedele
Assistant Vice-Chancellor,
Digital Innovation and
Enterprise,
University of the West of
England,
Bristol, United Kingdom.
13
African BIM Report 2020
This article looks at how AI
and digital construction can be
leveraged to address these
challenges, especially
concerning the Architecture,
Engineering and Construction
(AEC) Industry.

  

-
-
      
 
   

   
    
     
     

 
  
creates value and improves the digital
economy. An example of some
value-adding digital technologies is


      


 
   
       
Environment.
      
million and many parts of the country
    
     
   

 
scarcity, which has stopped it from


     
   

    -

    


diversifying the economy. According to
      
     

     

to raise earning power and diversify the
economy through digital technologies.
      
   
 
    
trades and professionals in the industry
is neither commensurate with the
earnings of their counterparts in other
    

the Built Environment is not mature
-
 
      
innovate new ways to create wealth,
    
   

intelligent ways of using data to
   
   
decision making, and implement
  
systems.
Deriving Value from Data Processing
Creating Wealth through Digital Technologies
14
African BIM Report 2020
There are numerous emerging technologies that are
      
     
      
       
        
      
  
  
      


 


       
     

     
       
      

     
       

        








Advancing AEC and the Built Environment with Digital Technologies
15
African BIM Report 2020
         
        
delivery of AI and digital systems for the Built Environment. The

       
 
       


         
          


      
     
      

          


Professor Lukumon Oyedele – is currently the Assistant Vice-Chancellor for Digital Innovation and Enterprise at
the University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. Amongst other record-breaking achievements, Prof.
Oyedele is the first Black Minority Ethnic to occupy such position (Assistant Vice-Chancellor) in the history of the
UK Higher Education. He has pioneered and founded many trailblazing Research and Development (R&D)
establishments including Bristol Research and Innovation Centre (BERIC) and Big Data Enterprise and Artificial
Intelligence Laboratory (Big-DEAL); in addition to winning over £13.8million in R&D Grants. He is renowned and
widely respected as one of the leading academics in UK Construction Innovation. As part of his excellent scholarship,
Professor Oyedele was recently recognised as one of the three Leaders in Construction Innovation with an award of
£1.8million R&D grant by the UKRI & EPSRC. He seats on the Editorial Board of several World Leading
International Journals and has been in the scientific committee of many international conferences since 2005. He
is a visiting Professor in several top Universities including Australia, Brunel and China.
Concluding Remarks
16
African BIM Report 2020
      
       

         

         
         
           
   
the detailed design stage.
AN MEP CONTRACTOR'S
APPROACH TO BIM
IMPLEMENTATION
Blackbell Shopping
Mall, Ikota, Lagos
State, Nigeria
Client:
 Baron
Architecture
Project Manager: 
Limited
MEP Consultants:

MEP Contractors:

Background
INTRODUCTION
Blaze's BIM Project Support to Mar and Mor
Integrated Services Limited
17
African BIM Report 2020

   

        

         
     
     


The above-named stakeholders have
oces in Lagos, Nigeria - with no
contractual agreement to work through
a Common Source of Information (CDE).
Hence, they all have independent
design files, which they manually share
as design progresses.
A Level 2 BIM
Implementation
ABOUT THE PROJECT
The Team Setup
     

       


      
      


3.









came into the scene - to assist in the transi-



18
African BIM Report 2020
Infrastructure needs


         
     

As a result, MAR&MOR had to acquire new
set of workstations and also procure licenses
for Autodesk AEC Collection and BIM 360
(as a Common Data Environment).

-
-
       

CONFIGURATION OF WORKING
ANALYTICAL VIEWS - FOR
MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, AND
PLUMBING DISCIPLINES
3/5


        




    
     

          
         
views. These are mostly schedules serving the purpose of
      







in the facility.
19
African BIM Report 2020
Documentation
Clash Detections
RESULTS AND
OUTCOMES
The pilot project has served as a
practical demonstration of a
BIM-based delivery workflow for
MAR&MOR. This is just the beginning
of the BIM Journey for them.





  

        


       
         

       
     
       
      

will also include the tracking engineering accuracy and
       
      
      
 
        







future projects.
20
African BIM Report 2020
ABOUT
MAR&MOR
Gboyega Amao - Managing Partner
Mar and Mar Engineering Services Limited
is a building services (contracting)
company that is passionate about
customer satisfaction, best practices and
standards compliance - a technology/local
partner to Siemens Building Technologies.
We design procure, Install and maintain
Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
(HVAC) systems, water treatment, Fire
Fighting and water supply systems as well
as Power Supply, Electrical Network and
Communication systems to meet industrial,
commercial or residential requirements. We
also provide quality general plumbing
services.
.
.
LESSONS LEARNED -
MAR&MOR
TRANSITION TO A
BIM-BASED
WORKFLOW IS A
JOURNEY, AND WE
ARE GLAD TO
HAVE TAKEN THE
FIRST STEP


   
      
       
       
       
      
        


21
African BIM Report 2020
22
    

     
     
    
     
      
context – with permission from the
      
     
for the various regions in Africa.
 
    

     
entries were recorded across the
     
      

 
of its kind in Africa it is hoped that
    
respondents as lessons learnt during
      -
     
 

We thank all the respondents for taking

      

   
African Built Environment.
BIM Survey:
Summary of Findings
About your Organisation - Including yourself, approximately how many
people are employed in your organisation?
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
3 - 5 6 - 15 501+26 - 50 16 - 25 51 - 100101 - 250251 - 500
Percent
Number of Empolyees
Research & Development Committee


 
        

African BIM Report 2020
23
                 
             


What is your main profession?
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Architect
Civil Engineer
Cost Consultant
Others
Structural Engineer
Project Manager
BIM Manager
Contractor
Building Surveyor
Building Services Engineer
Construcon Engineer
Facilies Manager
Builder
Architectural Technologist
Consulng Engineer
Manufacturer
HVAC Engineer
Mechanical Engineer
BIM-FM consultant
CEO
Client
Developer
Land Surveyor
Landscape Architect
Percent
African BIM Report 2020
24
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
One-o new house, extension, conversion or alteraon
Other private housing
Oces
Educaon
Industrial
Other private
Public housing including social housing
Mixed use
Health
Transport
Other public
Retail
Sport and leisure
Culture and entertainment
Percent
As a Pan-African survey, it was
important to ensure representa-
   
    
the respondents were from West


-


Location
In the last twelve months, which of the following project types have you
been involved in? (Please tick all that apply)




72.96
6.29
6.29
6.92
7.55
West Africa Southern Africa East Africa North Africa Central Africa
African BIM Report 2020
25
Which of the following statements apply to you personally? (please all that apply)
Which of the following statements apply to you personally? (please all that apply)
 

-






      

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
I produce 3D digital models
I produce 2D digital drawings that are not generated
from a 3D model
I use structured informaon that is linked to 3D digital
models
None of these
I produce Building Informaon Model (BIM) objects
I produce hand drawings
Percent
33.64
29.28
16.20
7.79
6.85
4.05
2.18
Lorem ipsum
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00
Autodesk AutoCAD
Autodesk Revit – (Architecture/Structures/MEP)
I don’t produce drawings
Other (please specify)
Graphiso ArchiCAD
Autodesk AutoCAD LT
Trimble Sketchup (formerly Google Sketchup)
44.1
34.4
33.1
23.4
20.6
17.8
African BIM Report 2020
Before taking this survey, had you ever heard of BIM
(Building Information Modelling)?
Others


               
compared to Building design.
8.58
0.99
Yes No Don't know
In order to measure the level of awareness in Africa, we asked our

        
         
interest among industry stakeholders as well as an increased in
 90.43
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Draughtsman drawing board, and all equipment that
apply
Autodesk Civil 3D and Infraworks
Orion
Prota structures
Bentley Staad Pro
Caa
Caddie
Tekla structures
26
African BIM Report 2020
Within your organisation, have you adopted BIM for projects you have been involved with?
        


Don't know No Yes
44.96
46.64
8.40
How does your firm implement BIM?

                   


35.85
30.19
21.89
12.08
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00
Don't know
In house
Paral in-house/Outsourcing
Full outsourcing
Percent
27
African BIM Report 2020
Thinking about the projects you were involved in over the last
12 months, did you ever… (Please tick all that apply)

-



-





44.4
45
44.1
29.7
26.3
20.9
15.3
8.1
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Produce 2D digital drawings
Produce 3D digital models
Work collaboravely on design
Share models inside your organisaon, across disciplines
Share models with design team members outside your
organisaon
Federate a model that didn't rely on one piece of
soware
Use a model from the very start to the very end of a
project
Pass on the model to those who are responsible for the
connued management of the building.
Percent
28
African BIM Report 2020
How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statements about BIM?


                
                   

                 

0.81
29.84
6.45
3.63
4.44
3.63
17.34
12.50
2.82
1.20
21.77
15.32
8.87
9.27
6.45
22.98
16.94
5.24
75.40
27.42
40.73
52.42
49.19
54.03
29.03
33.47
54.84
18.95
17.74
25.40
31.45
32.26
30.24
19.76
23.79
28.23
3.63
3.23
12.10
3.63
4.84
5.65
10.89
13.31
8.87
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Using BIM results in operaon and maintenance savings
BIM is just for larger organisaons
Unless specicaons are linked to the digital model, it's not
BIM
Private clients don't understand the benets of BIM
Those procuring buildings or other assets for Central
Government don't understand the benets of BIM
Those procuring buildings or other assets for Local
Government don't understand the benets of BIM
In
formaon models only work in the soware they were
made on
Our current contracts are not compable BIM
We need manufacturers to provide us with BIM objects
Strongly disagree Slightly disagree Strongly agree Slightly agree Don't Know
30
African BIM Report 2020
31
What do you think are the main barriers to using BIM?


      



34.1
33.8
31.9
29.4
28.7
25.6
21.3
18.8
17.5
9.1
7.2
6.6
5
3.4
2.5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Lack of training
Government's support for BIM is lacking
Lack of in house experse
Cost
No established contractual framework for working with…
No client demand
Lack of standardised tools and protocols
Lack of collaboraon
Dierences in experse among collaborang pares in…
The projects we work on are too small
Liability concerns
Operang System specic soware
No me to get up to speed
BIM is not relevant to the projects we work on
Don't see the benet
Percent

     
       

How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statements about BIM?
1.61
0.81
25.52
2.51
3.63
6.85
18.41
1.26
63.71
67.34
23.01
69.46
28.23
23.79
29.29
23.85
2.82
1.21
3.77
2.93
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
I trust what I hear about BIM
BIM adopon is sll slow
I'm sl not clear on what I have to do to adopt BIM
I think the Government should support BIM
Strongly disagree Slightly disagree Strongly agree Slightly agree Don't Know
African BIM Report 2020
How would you describe your organisation's future use of BIM?
Looking into the future, we decided to seek some insights on the changing trends that are shaping the

-




5.69
20.95
11.90
11.00
29.86
21.90
16.67
4.31
16.11
17.62
38.10
52.15
22.75
36.19
30.95
31.10
25.59
3.33
2.38
1.44
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
We currently use BIM...
In one year's me, we will use BIM...
In three years' me, we will use BIM...
In ve years' me, we will use BIM...
Don't know For a minority of projects For all projects For the majority of projects Never
32
African BIM Report 2020
1.89
2.36
1.89
0.00
1.42
0.47
1.42
6.13
6.60
73.11
21.90
4.25
1.89
5.19
3.30
2.36
6.60
1.42
5.19
19.34
16.51
3.30
18.57
8.02
59.43
57.55
56.60
62.74
55.66
67.92
60.85
25.94
29.72
11.79
20.00
59.91
32.55
29.25
33.02
27.36
28.77
27.36
29.72
35.38
38.68
3.30
28.10
22.17
4.25
5.66
5.19
7.55
7.55
2.83
2.83
13.21
8.49
8.49
11.43
5.66
0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Adopng BIM requires changes in our workow,
pracces or procedures
Adopng BIM brings cost eciencies
Adopng BIM increases our protability
Adopng BIM has makes it easy for us to work
internaonally
Adopng BIM enables us to work in new sectors and
types of projects
Adopng BIM increases coordinaon of construcon
documents
Adopng BIM increases the speed of delivery
Clients will increasingly insist on us using BIM
Contractors will increasingly insist on us using BIM
I'd rather not adopt BIM
Adopng BIM makes tradional specicaons
redundant within our organisaon
If we don't adopt BIM, we'll get le behind
Strongly disagree Slightly disagree Strongly agree Slightly agree Don't Know
From your experience or understanding of using BIM, how strongly do you agree or disagree
with the following statements?
-




        


33
African BIM Report 2020
Conceptual Building
Information Modelling
Framework for
Sustainable Housing
Upgrading in Informal
Settlements
The success of low-income housing
    
  
    
stakeholders, including residents.
  
methods are limited in involving the
     
   
    
    
   

    
  
  
  

   
   
residents and other community
stakeholders in housing and
community upgrading. The
  
   
     
  
 
    
   
   
   
income groups, including informal

   
through their direct input into the

     
in-depth understanding of design
   
for housing and occupants. This will
    
    
other stakeholders that allows their
   
decision-making process. This study
    

   
     
technologies in the design and
    
   
 
     
model housing performance data;
managing development and

how residents and other
  
    
   
delivery using emerging

This study aims to introduce and
critically appraise a new
approach to building local
community capacities through
the use of BIM and mobile
technologies in the design and
delivery of sustainable housing
and settlement upgrading.
Dr F.H. Abanda
[BSc Dipl.-Ing. PGCert PhD
CEng MEEC MIET FHEA]
Reader in Construction IT
School of the Built
Environment, Faculty of
Technology, Design and
Environment
Oxford Brookes University
Headington Campus, Gipsy
Lane, Oxford, United Kingdom.
34
African BIM Report 2020
      
the largest slums in the world with an
      
     
   
    
   

    
chronic poverty. Thus, many
  
   

   

too common, especially in developing
   
     
    
    
    
     
limited. The roles of slum dwellers are
 
  

 


   
     
challenge. This is manifested in many
  


    
lack of a common language
   

    

   
   
   
    
especially given that informal
   
    

    
    
  
    
     
    

      
    
manage and process huge data

due to their complex nature.
Many failed
upgrading
projects are
now too
common,
especially in
developing
countries.
Background
Emerging ICT provides the opportunity to involve
citizens in the design, monitoring and evaluation of
slum upgrading projects.
35
African BIM Report 2020
     
   
   
   
  
    
donor agencies, many upgrading
    

     
    
    
  
   
   

     
   


   
     
   
   
studies that discuss the involvement of
     
     
   
     
     
     
  


     
 

Despite eorts
by donor
agencies, many
upgrading
projects are still
underperforming
far below
expectations.
    
the involvement of dwellers have

    
   
  
 
  
  
focus groups/forums, open house on an

   
  
  
   

   
approaches are limited in fostering


  
   

     
  



   

 
weaknesses of the other methods, it
does not contain geometrical data
   
   
   
   
   
     
   
geometrical and non-geometrical data
   
stakeholders, including dwellers.
     
slum upgrading is rare. This study

    
stakeholders, especially low-income
dwellers, during the upgrading of slums.
BIM for Community Participation in Slum Upgrading Projects
Active participation requires the involvement of dwellers in
the dierent phases of the project lifecycle.
36
African BIM Report 2020
The cycle commences with a sketched
     
    -
      

modeller, which is then presented to
slum dwellers who can easily under-
stand the model due to the visual
  
slum dwellers disapprove the rich
model, it is then returned to the clients
      
    -
ment on site. The agreed model is now
uploaded to the cloud; typically a

accesses shared with community


    
     


    
     
     

Proposed framework
Early and detailed design phase tasks




- Perormance Indicators in units easily
 
Policy


Infrastructure

 











Leaders
community

traincommunity

Landlords,
women, local
community
groups



data

model



with design

models are

aggregated, and
edited into the

37
African BIM Report 2020
The voices of slum dwellers are crucial
in the delivery of slum upgrading
     
    

     
 
    
anywhere. The framework presented
provides an opportunity for the
commencement of an exploratory
  
    
    
 

     
    

      
    


 

















Conclusion
38
African BIM Report 2020
               


 
            

          

    , new development plans in
            
   
          
           
    




Eric Chan – Event Manager


39
African BIM Report 2020

      
Ethiopia is largely reliant upon two-dimensional drawings
       
     
      

    

      



     
       
    

       
     

         
 
     
  
      
     
      
countries.
        


       
  
           
      

stage in Ethiopia. While individual stakeholders are preparing
            
      
       
        
        



          
         
 
 
       











      





        
          

EXCERPT OF THE ROADMAP
FOR THE ADOPTION AND
IMPLEMENTATION OF BIM
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
ARCHITECTURAL, ENGINEERING
AND CONSTRUCTION (AEC) INDUSTRY
By The Ethopian Construction Project Management Institute (ECPMI)
40
African BIM Report 2020

2. ETHIOPIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
       


          
      


          
      
       


  
     
        
      
      

 
     

          
 
        
  
     
    


In the course of developing the road mapping exercise, two



     
    

      
    
       

     

      

      
       
    
       
  




Analysts











End

31
African BIM Report 2020
   
framework shall address the whole sectors of the construc-
       
      
 -

-


  
for inclusion in the curriculum as a chapter, module, program
-
         
      
            
  -
         


      
       
         
       
        
       


-


  
-

  
      

     

 
      
     
     


         

         


        
industry stakeholders at all levels.
-

-



  -

  
and value-added.
          

  

-



-
    
   




      
      
       


It is expected that there will be productivity gains of BIM
implementation in the design and execution of large and
complex construction projects.
42
African BIM Report 2020

          
   
    
and targeted approaches. The mission/targets set out in the
     

      

         
vision. The following two among the strategic goals, have


     
      
      


     
    
     

   
         
      
     
     

those actors and professionals of the sector are the other


         


  
     
      
       



   
  
           
 


        

        



      

       
  
 
  



       
   
        
     
improvements and measures associated with technology
uptake.

The key clients for the delivery of physical and economic
infrastructures are instrumental in playing the leadership role
        

       


      

       

        
        
government can promote the accelerated uptake of new

         
         
          
however acknowledged that a mandate from a single
government agency could lead the industry as a whole
      

BIM mandates by many government entities demonstrate
how enlightened owners can set specific targets to
empower design and construction companies to leverage
on BIM technologies to meet and exceed those goals
43
African BIM Report 2020
4.1.4 Pilot Projects
         
       
acceptance and accelerate the uptake of well-designed
    
       
new technologies and ways of working. They help to



       
        
     
      
       
measure their own successes and/or failures. Performance
        

      
         
  

  
 


       

       

         






   
       
       
      
    
          
       


        
        


  
        
       

      

   
 
       

      

         


      
     
   
 


         

demand



     




       
      

Good standards provide
clear requirements that set
minimum conformity
specifications and strike
the right balance between
too many and too few
varieties.
44
African BIM Report 2020

      
        

     
 
manuals and checklist.

  


   
-
es, provides training for selected professionals and showing


  -
lums, implement a fast-track training programme for in-ser-
      
       
     
-



   -


-




       
 
      -

        
regional, states and federal government agencies. As such,

uptake of new technologies and processes.
         
 





      
-
-

stages of conceptual, preliminary design, detailed design,

       
 -
     
measures and target goals.

        
      
         -

       
    



      
         

     
       
       
these goals

        

        

-




45
African BIM Report 2020
ASSESSMENT OF
BUILDING INFORMATION
MODELING (BIM)
UTILISATION IN THE
TANZANIAN
CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY: EIGHT YEARS
LATER
          

       
        
  

        

  
         


