Critical Hermeneutics: A Study in the Thought of Paul Ricoeur and Jürgen Habermas
Abstract
This is a study in the philosophy of social science. It takes the form of a comparative critique of three contemporary approaches: ordinary language philosophy, hermeneutics and critical theory, represented here respectively by Ludwig Wittgenstein, Paul Ricoeur and Jürgen Habermas. Part I is devoted to an exposition of these authors' views and of the traditions to which they belong. Its unifying thread is their common concern with language, a concern which nonetheless reveals important differences of approach. For whereas ordinary language philosophers tend to treat linguistic activity as the ultimate object of inquiry, both Ricoeur and Habermas regard it as a medium which betrays more fundamental dimensions of human experience and the social world. Part II complements the exposition with a critical analysis of its central themes: the conceptualisation of action, the methodology of interpretation, and the theory of reference and truth. The author defends many aspects of the work of Ricoeur and Habermas, such as the emphasis on power and ideology, the strategy of depth interpretation, and the link between consensus and truth; but he argues that there are serious deficiencies and obscurities in their work. He proposes solutions to these difficulties and concludes with a sketch of a critical and rationally justified theory for the interpretation of action - a critical hermeneutics.
... These sources have been compiled through a process of theoretical sampling [54] and analysed in respect to the categories deduced from the conceptual framework of critical smart-urbanism and neoliberal urbanisation literature. Their interpretation is based on the qualitative social science research approach of critical hermeneutics [55]. This interpretative approach grounds in the understanding that social reality is always mediated in and through language and thus can be examined as-and through-texts. ...
... This interpretative approach grounds in the understanding that social reality is always mediated in and through language and thus can be examined as-and through-texts. According to critical hermeneutics, the interrogation of social realities follows a "hermeneutical circle" [55] (p. 37), which engages with the part and the whole. ...
Against the backdrop of multiple ongoing crises in European cities related to socio-spatial injustice, inequality and exclusion, we argue for a smart right to the city. There is an urgent need for a thorough account of the entrepreneurial mode of technocapitalist smart urbanism. While much of both affirmative and critical research on Smart City developments equate or even reduce smartness to digital infrastructures, we put actual smartness—in the sense of social justice and sustainability—at centre stage. This paper builds on a fundamental structural critique of (1) the entrepreneurial city (Harvey) and (2) the capitalist city (Lefebvre). Drawing upon Lefebvre’s right to the city as a normative framework, we use Smart City developments in the city of Graz as an illustration of our argument. Considering strategies of waste and mobility management, we reflect on how they operate as spatial and technical fixes—fixing the limits of capitalism’s growth. By serving specific corporate interests, these technocapitalist strategies yet fail to address the underlying structural causes of pressing urban problems and increasing inequalities. With Lefebvre’s ongoing relevant argument for the importance of use value of urban infrastructures as well as his claim that appropriation and participation are essential, we discuss common rights to the city: His framework allows us to envision sustainable and just—actually smart—alternatives: alternatives to technocapitalist entrepreneurial urbanisation. In this respect, a smart right to the city is oriented towards the everyday needs of all inhabitants.
... Because the only common points between our different sites are circus activities taught within schools in Brazil, we chose a multiple-case study method that allowed us to observe the particularities of each circus case (Thomas, 2011;Ashley, 2013) was conducted. An interpretive naturalist's perspective (Thomson, 1981) was adopted to preserve the "naturalness" of the environment by considering the particular context of each school's PE classes (Lewis, 2014). We were also attentive to how memory construction is connected to place through direct experience, and subsequently the way to teach memory preservation (Lincoln and Guba, 1985). ...
... Findings are presented in narrative text to better reflect the experiences of the participants, to articulate the themes (categories), and to foreground the contexts of each school (Thomson, 1981;Bourdieu and Wacquant, 1992;Garrett, 2006). ...
Introduction: After more than a decade monitoring physical education instruction in Brazilian elementary schools we noticed an exponential increase in circus activities in both curricular physical education (PE) and in after-school programs. The purpose of this study was to analyze the children's participation and gender preferences in circus activities, with regard to recent studies reporting substantial gender inequalities in Brazilian PE.
Method: A qualitative study, based on multiple-cases design, was conducted in two public and six private Brazilian elementary schools. Data collection consisted of 17 semi-structured interviews with PE teachers and school administrators and in situ observations totalizing more than 130 h. The data were analyzed using Content Analysis (thematic categories).
Results: Boys and girls showed high participation levels in both curricular and extracurricular PE circus activities. In grades 1–5, participant activity preference was not linked to gender in either curricular or extracurricular situations and overall physical engagement was high. Gender preferences between activities were identified in grades 6–12: girls for aerial activities (trapeze, silks) and boys for juggling activities. Teacher preferences played an important role in the process of linking activities to specific genders both through modeled behavior and gendered encouragement of participants.
Conclusion: Circus instruction engages children of all genders and is thereby an effective activity to counter low participation in PE for boys and, especially, girls. Although circus activities are not inherently gendered, gender preferences are cultivated by teachers through gendered behavior modeling (their activity preferences) and encouragement strategies (guiding students to activities based on gender), which is often observed in traditional PE school activities and sports.
... When he stated: "Removing the psychological characteristic of interpretation means that the author's idea has lost its entire significance...," he was referring to Paul Ricoeur. In this instance, the author's meaning takes on a textual dimension (Thompson, 1983). The recipient internalizes the author's intentions as he engages in dialogue with the text, attempts to enter the author's psyche through the text's expression, and interacts with him in this way. ...
The purpose of this study is to examine haiku poetry in Arabic literature as well as the issue of literary variety, and criticize it. Especially after the rapid spread of this poem in Arabic literature, also that It attracted writers both intentionally and frequently subconsciously, depending on what it was. Due to the haiku poem's problematic overlap with various literary genres, this article was compelled to pursue such tracks. This will be explained in the study's folds. Since poetry is the primary medium on which this study is focused, any representation of things of existence in poetic texts is natural. However, investing the same things of existence repeatedly in poetry attracts attention and gives the audience the impression that this concentration has implications and dimensions. Reading and the arts establish a certain discourse that the author of the book and the text itself desire.
... The year of his birth which coincided with the year of the death of the great Sufi Sheikh 'Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani gave rise to speculation that Ibn 'Arabi was indeed born to replace his spiritual position. 36 His full name is Muhammad Ibn Ali ibn Muhammad Ibn 'Arabi al Tha'i al Hatimi. Many writers generally refer to him as Ibn 'Arabi. ...
The religion of love is a term expressed by Ibn ‘Arabi in a unity of ideas about the concept of Wahdatul Wujud. As a node that summarizes the overall ideas of Ibn ‘Arabi about love and religion, it certainly does not just arise from empty space. There is the influence of the spirit of the era that lies behind the presence of the idea. The presence of the term 'religion of love', expressed by Ibn ‘Arabi, will not be separated from the influence of social and cultural backgrounds, the locus of the times in which Ibn‘ Arabi lived and gave birth to his thoughts. This becomes an interesting problem to study, about how the concept of the religion of love arises, and how it influences the spirit of the times that surround it. Using the psycho-historical hermeneutics approach, this paper aims to examine the concept of the religion of love, and the influence of the spirit of the times that surround it. The results of the discussion show that the context of the age of Ibn 'Arabi gave a major influence on the birth of Ibn' Arabi's view of the religion of love, namely in the aspect: the city where Ibn 'Arabi was educated, and the teachers and people whom Ibn' Arabi met along his intellectual and spiritual odyssey.
... An exploratory multiple case study design (Stake 2006;Coudriet 2013) was used to examine PE practices from an interpretive naturalistic perspective (Thompson 1983). This qualitative approach was implemented to attempt to preserve the natural environment within the PE context of each school (Lewis 2014). ...
Purpose
This study aimed to explore the implementation and impact of circus arts instruction in physical education (PE) classes through a multiple case study design.
Data Collection/Analysis
This multi-site case study explored the implementation and impact of circus arts instruction in PE. Participant observation took place over the course of 16 hours of PE class time in a two-week period. Themes were created by collapsing common observations, following Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis process.
Findings
Circus implementation in elementary schools revealed a wide array of benefits to both teaching practices and student experience based on four themes. The themes included: (1) Circus in action: a shift in pedagogy; (2) Teacher training in circus; (3) Facilities and circus equipment; and (4) Pedagogical strategies.
Conclusions
With the integration of physical literacy enriched pedagogical practices, circus arts instruction created a gymnasium space inclusive to all students by addressing a number of barriers often observed in PE related to sex/gender equity, and inclusion of different levels of ability (physical and cognitive). Our findings suggest that circus arts is one of the best known examples of a physical literacy enriched experience, with inclusion at its foundation.
... Complementarmente às ideias de van Dijk acerca da hermenêutica, encontramos interessantes estímulos teórico-metodológicos na Hermenêutica de Profundidade (Depth Hermeneutics) [HP] proposta pelo sociólogo americano John Brookshire Thompson (2011). Note-se que, ao se preocupar, ainda nos anos 1980, com as teorias da ideologia, Thompson já flertava com as ideias dos analistas do discurso (Thompson, 1984, p. 98 e ss.) e com a hermenêutica, com ênfase nos pensamentos de Ricoeur e de Habermas (Thompson, 1981). Suas preocupações centrais, desde aquela época, envolveram a natureza e o papel da ideologia, em suas complexas relações com a linguagem, com o poder e com o contexto social (Thompson, 2011, p. 7). ...
O presente artigo, situado no âmbito das relações entre a Crítica do Direito e os Estudos Críticos do Discurso de Teun A. van Dijk, tem por objetivo dar prosseguimento aos desenvolvimentos teóricos da Crítica Linguística do Direito (Autor, 2019), movimento crítico que busca estudar o discurso jurídico em suas interrelações com outros discursos sociais, com ênfase no estudo da ideologia, do abuso de poder, do preconceito e da desigualdade social. Identificamos como problema de pesquisa a necessidade de articulação dos Estudos Críticos do Discurso com um instrumental metodológico-hermenêutico que auxilie tanto pesquisas linguísticas, jurídicas como sociais, na interpretação das ideologias. Para tanto, encadeou-se, em um nível epistemológico, a concepção hermenêutica de van Dijk com a Hermenêutica de Profundidade proposta por John B. Thompson. Entendemos que a articulação teórica destas perspectivas hermenêuticas apontam para a possibilidade de estudiosos do discurso, juristas e cientistas sociais ressignificarem o papel da hermenêutica em suas práticas a partir de um instrumental metodológico capaz de auxiliar na interpretação de ideologias em um contexto de crescente dominação social. Quanto à metodologia, partimos de uma revisão bibliográfica para estabelecer uma compreensão através do conhecimento partilhado pelo diálogo interdisciplinar.
... With the exception of medical sociology, which has adopted narrative identity as part of its theoretical toolkit (Ezzy 1998), we sociologists have largely ignored Ricoeur's thought-especially his work on narrative. In fact the last major study of Ricoeur's work by a sociological theorist preceded the bulk of his work on narrative (Thompson 1981). Likewise, the anthology of Ricoeur's writings most likely to be consulted by social scientists, Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences (Ricoeur 1981) does not include Ricoeur's subsequent work on narrative. ...
Using Paul Ricoeur's theory of narrative to consider Lofland and Stark's classic 'Becoming a World-Saver', I address a fundamental conundrum in the sociology of conversion. If the conversion story is told in the new light of the new discourse-brought about by the conversion-how can the sociologist use it to explain the conversion and the factors that led to it? We consider the extent to which the sociology of religion has conflated the necessary elements of narrative structure for the stages of conversion. Taking into consideration more recent research, the paper makes a case for careful and comparative sociological study of conversion narratives-considered as narrative accounts. I argue that doing so further opens up avenues for research, particularly if we consider the audiences for whom the stories are told and the purposes the stories serve, and a ultimately constitutes a sound basis for considering the processes of conversion themselves.
... Applying this research method is significant since, on the one hand, an organization is a social institution and consists of people with various values, attitudes, and viewpoints on the organization and its related factors; on the other hand, humanities methods are not based on discovering the existing rules within the organizations but rather on understanding the intentions, goals, and viewpoints of people on particular issues. Therefore, from a critical hermeneutic perspective, neither approach is superior; each is a moment in the interpretive process (Ricoeur, 1978;Thompson, 1981). Having completed the socialhistorical and formal analysis, a researcher must creatively synthesize two moments-in the moment of interpretation-reinterpretation-to produce hermeneutics of the text and its role in the social system of which it is a part such as organization. ...
... Therefore, I argue that, while the archaeological facts may be impartial, the interpretations are not. This notion is well aligned with the teachings of modern hermeneutics (e.g. by Paul Ricoeur;Thompson 1981;Kearney 1996). In order to understand where the interpretations originate from and what shapes them, one must understand the general setting in which they were formed, and at least the general mind set of the researchers. ...
This paper addresses how the changes in Slovenian politics have been influencing the interpretation of identity in the sphere of Roman mortuary archaeology. The paper starts with an overview of the political history of Slovenia, separated into three phases: the period until 1945, the Yugoslav period (1945–1990), and independent Slovenia (1991–present). The second part of the paper focusses on theoretical studies directly discussing identity of the deceased in Roman period Slovenia. The majority of such studies is centred on the material from larger cemeteries, notably those of 'Colonia Ulpia Traiana Poetovio' (modern Ptuj) and 'Colonia Iulia Emona' (modern Ljubljana), of which the latter is better documented and researched. The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential for future studies.
Building on Wittgenstein’s theory of ordinary language use and Lamin Sanneh’s insights into the effects of biblical translations in vernacular languages, this essay examines how the translation process in Niu Tireni (New Zealand/Aotearoa) in the 1830s contextualized or indigenized Christian concepts of the sacred/holy (tapu), the price (utu) paid by Christ for the sin of the world, and God’s forgiveness (muru) due to that sacrifice (utu). Through translation, therefore, Christian scripture was changed, or acquired new cultural referents. On the Māori side of the translation process, the result of reapplying fundamental Māori concepts to Christian narratives and theological categories was to re-map the Māori mental universe—so that it, also, was not the same as it was before the translation came into being. Through translating the scriptures into the indigenous tongue, they had become a Māori (native/indigenous) possession. In so doing, however, the original cultural framework had flexed towards—if not become drastically reformed by—a biblical understanding of sacred and redemptive time and the actions of a Supreme Creator/Te Atua acting within human history but neither identical with that history nor with creation itself. Nevertheless, we are also presented with a picture of intersecting but not always corresponding meanings as the result of cross-cultural translation—with creative misunderstandings or an epistemic “middle ground” (following Richard White) of multiple meanings being one of the inevitable results.
Bahasa sebagai praktik sosial digunakan dalam berbagai aspek sosial. Mulai dari lingkungan keluarga, masyarakat dan bahkan sampai ranah politik. Bahasa digunakan untuk menyampaikan pesan oleh seseorang di mana dalam praktiknya tidak lepas dari kepentingan dan ideologi. Buku ini membahasa tentang hubungan bahasa, kekuasaan dan politik. Bahasa selama ini digunakan oleh pejabat partai tidak terjadi secara alamiah tetapi dari itu. Bahasa digunakan untuk menggerakkan mesin politik dan penyaluran ideologi
Background
Existing research points to the role of Eurocentric epistemic values—scientific objectivity, value‐neutrality, depoliticization, and technical rationality—as a cornerstone of engineering ways of thinking, knowing, and doing. However, less is known about the role of Eurocentric epistemologies in team communication and decision making.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine how dominant Eurocentric epistemologies shape individual‐ and team‐level design thinking and, by extension, students' learning in engineering design education.
Method
This work draws on a critical ethnography in which I observed three focal design teams during a semester‐long design project in a cornerstone design course. Following the conclusion of the design project, I conducted semi‐structured interviews with each member of the focal teams, asking students to reflect on incidents, their thinking, and team dynamics during the individual and team design processes.
Findings
At the individual level, students' concerns about adhering to Eurocentric epistemic values made them hesitant to pursue design ideas. These concerns also shaped their design thinking, communication, and decision making at the team level, leading students to withhold or not advocate for ideas. Finally, students appeared to leverage the normative supremacy of Eurocentric epistemologies in engineering rhetorically to exert influence over their team's design decisions.
Conclusions
If engineering education is to create a more just and inclusive learning environment for engineering students, we must construct learning environments that allow students to draw on all their epistemic resources during the learning process. This study suggests the dominance of Eurocentric epistemologies is a barrier to that end.
Paul Ricoeur (1913–2005) was a French philosopher whose work, found in numerous books and articles, influenced Jacques Derrida and Maurice Merleau‐Ponty, as well as some Anglo‐American philosophers who moved away from more traditional philosophy toward more textual and interpretive approaches. His first‐person study of the structures of consciousness as texts was influenced by Heidegger, Gadamer, and de Saussure, and has had a substantial influence on philosophy and literary criticism, particularly in continental circles.
Critical hermeneutics is the theory of interpretation situated within an ethical trajectory that encourages an awareness of power differentials in communication. It emphasizes intersubjectivity, or that which is mutually agreed upon between two persons and has the potential to overcome the social injustices taking place within late-capitalism and infuse Individual Research Consultations (IRC) with mutually beneficial dialogue. As universities become more culturally diverse, librarians need to learn new ways to be inclusive and empower students to flourish as unique and individualized researchers. This article examines how Habermas' Intersubjective agreement attempts to end the isolation and warring of the structuralist and poststructuralist camps by taking the possibility of rational negotiation among responsible and autonomous individuals seriously. Habermas builds on Austin's speech act theory to develop the basic principles of common language and uses critical hermeneutics to expose mechanisms of control that inhibit intersubjective agreement. When librarians begin to embrace critical hermeneutics as a methodology for intersubjective agreement in the IRC, there exists a greater potential for librarians and users to come to a more robust level of satisfaction and accuracy in both source retrieval and in achieving the ALA's ethical goals for information literacy through a fusion of the modern and post-modern horizons.
Traditionally, books intended for teaching were not a common topic or standard in the history of science. They were treated more or less with disdain, being considered uninteresting or even boring. Libraries used not to collect and store books for teaching, in particular schoolbooks. Historiographical interest tended to focus on the achievements of the most notable scientists. Sociological reasons may be responsible for such preferences: part of the fame used to pass on to the historian who studied a very important scholar, and there were no comparable rewards for those studying textbooks and their authors.
Ricoeur açısından dilsel ifadeler çoğunlukla kapalıdır, bulanıktır, açık-seçik değildir. Dilde bir söylemin birincil/literal/lafzi anlamının içinde başka bir anlam kendini gizler. Dilde yer alan bu çok anlamlı yapıyı sembol olarak adlandıran Ricoeur, metaforu çok anlamlılığı yaratması bakımından sembole geçiş aşaması olarak görür. Yorumu da semboldeki bu çok anlamlılığı kavrayan, bu anlamların şifresini çözen bir düşünce faaliyeti olarak belirler. Yorumlama kuramı veya yorumbilgisi olarak Hermeneutiği ise, semboldeki anlam belirsizliğini, anlam çeşitliliğini ve anlam zenginliğini kavramaya yönelik bir yöntem olarak tanımlar. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı sembol ile yorum, sembol ile anlam ve sembol ile metafor arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklayarak Ricoeur’de sembol hermeneutiğinin nasıl ortaya çıktığını ortaya koymaktır.
The main purpose of this paper is to examine Rahel Jaeggi’s critical theory. To this end, the analysis focuses on central aspects of Jaeggi’s account of forms of life. In addition, it considers the case for immanent criticism and its place in a critical theory of forms of life. The final section sheds light on some key issues arising from Jaeggi’s framework. The paper concludes by suggesting that Jaeggi’s approach represents a major contribution to contemporary social philosophy and that, more broadly, critical theory will continue to serve as a reservoir of conceptual tools for the study of power relations.
Using Paul Ricoeur’s theory of narrative to consider John Lofland and Rodney Stark’s classic “Becoming a World-Saver”, I address a fundamental conundrum in the sociology of conversion. If the conversion story is told in the light of the new discourse—brought about by the conversion—how can sociologists use it to explain the conversion and the factors that led to it? I consider the extent to which the sociology of religion has conflated the necessary elements of narrative structure for the stages of conversion. Taking into consideration more recent research, the article makes a case for the careful and comparative sociological study of conversion narratives—considered as narrative accounts. I argue that doing so further opens up avenues for research, particularly if the audiences are considered for whom the stories are told and the purposes the stories serve, and ultimately constitutes a sound basis for considering the processes of conversion themselves.
Drawing on the work of Ricoeur, this paper contributes to theorisation of the organisational field in understanding of how structural power operates through professional langue in shaping a construction of individual judgement in professional service firms. As Ricoeur argued that judicial sense may be envisaged as one of the best examples of hermeneutic application (1991: 493), I explore practitioners’ sense making and their interaction with the surrounding structures and its discourse, learned and assimilated during the formative years in the context of audit practice. The interviews-based story provides an illustration of (1) the processes of socialisation that are geared towards conceptions of what constitutes professional best practice, where the professional learns to use judgement and follow structure in particular ways (a perpetuated myth of best practice), and (2) the effects of such formation on the working process. The paper contributes insights into organisational theory in areas of negotiating a balance between institutional requirements (structural conditioning of professional epistemology) and technical demands of hermeneutic function (purposive expert activities) in decision making process. The paper concludes that practitioners assume the appearance of professionalism by adopting a particular professional langue where judgement becomes normative in its own terms. These re-production processes in accordance with organisational frames of references for action may be in opposition to the decisional autonomy, where there may be a space for simultaneously creating (agency) and sharing (structure) on the job. The study reveals that professional langue itself is a place of prejudice and bias on the job.
The purpose of this review article is to examine theoretical, methodological, and pedagogical bases for integrating travel and tourism and film into critical tourism education, and to suggest examples of film that achieve this integration in classroom settings. These works help viewers understand, among others, the possibilities for and critiques of self-transformation and enlightenment through travel and tourism. Film provides a vehicle for emotional, humanistic accounts, often told from an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary social science perspective. Conversely, critical tourism, based on critical pragmatism, can be used to identify and critique personal transformation as a recognizable travel outcome. Deweyan critical pragmatism can be used to teach reflexivity, or how to reflect, as well as a discursive approach to tourism as students and laypersons discuss these works. The article addresses a growing lack of empathy and desensitization among students and laypersons whose own limited travel experiences, particularly due to post-COVID travel bans, prevents them from grasping the wider spectrum of critical issues related tourism. Finally, the article challenges the dominance of extant pedagogies and their failure for transformative learning, self-critique, and awareness of the condition of others induced by travel or depictions in film.
This paper studies resource making and the emergence of proto-institutions in Tafel Deutschland, an umbrella organization for more than 940 food banks or pantries in Germany, deploying a hermeneutical context model. Shedding light on value co-creation processes in the German Tafel field, we analyze how the activities and interpretations of or within Tafel organizations devoted to resource integration and resource making relate to their two missions and how their methods of dealing with conflict have led to the emergence of proto-institutions. The economic value co-created within in the Tafel field builds on the creation of social and ecological value. The context affects economic and social value co-created within the Tafel field differently: Whereas economic value rests on individual experience and perception, the social value resulting from the field actors’ activities is subject to dispute and defense.
This chapter analyzes migration through the angle of what I propose to call a critical hermeneutical theory of transnational recognition. Forced migrants are often denizens in a space of political indetermination, leaving their countries for humanitarian reasons but sometimes not even recognized as valid subjects of rights, given the fact of their political exclusion. As Nancy Fraser (Scales of justice. Reimagining political space in a globalizing world. Columbia University Press, New York, 2010) has argued, these transnational problems mark the limits of a justice envisaged in Westphalian terms and push us to think justice in a post-Wesphalian framework. Within this backdrop, this chapter develops an alternative framework to help shed some light on migration problems and to understand the claims put forward by migrants. Drawing from critical theories of transnational justice such as Fraser’s (Scales of justice. Reimagining political space in a globalizing world. Columbia University Press, New York, 2010) and Forst’s (Metaphilosophy 32(1/2): 160–179, 2001), I apply this transnationalizing move to recognition theory and spell out the new grammar of recognition that comes to light when one thinks of social actors claiming for due recognition across borders. One of the key aspects is that this theory needs to be hermeneutical because unlike cosmopolitan theories that mainly insist in the need to welcome asylum seekers on the basis of respect for their human rights, I claim that one needs to go deeper and resort to thicker descriptions of the identities, communal ties, and cultural background of these people in order to understand their motives and what they can actually bring to enrich host societies. In order to flesh this out, some intersubjective settings are especially well suited such as narrative research with migrants themselves. The chapter thus spells out the tasks for this theory, from the hermeneutical understanding of recognition claims and their normative assessment to the political and institutional implications for host societies of seriously tackling migration from a recognition-theoretical perspective.
Focusing on the case of the tourist visiting battlefield monuments at Waterloo, this article explores how war is historicized in the public imagination through the monumentalization of objects. The argument is two-fold. Firstly, drawing on Gadamer’s hermeneutics, it is argued that ‘tradition’ is constituted in the aesthetic encounter between tourist and monument (as subject and object); such encounters are therefore understood as the genesis of historical meaning. Secondly, through a critique of Gadamer’s notion of ontological structures of meaning, it is argued that the tourist is phenomenologically implicated in the constitution of historical meaning, emphasizing the agency of the historical observer more than Gadamer allows for: Objects become monuments through the monumentalizing gaze of the tourist. To empirically illustrate these processes, the author ethnographically explores the experience of battlefield tourist and presents his own dialogue with war-tradition at Waterloo. As such, this study contributes a theoretical account of how war is historicized at the phenomenological level, which has broader sociological implications for understanding how war discourses originate and are sustained in the public imagination.
The main purpose of this chapter is to provide a summary of the main intellectual contributions that the German sociologist and philosopher Jürgen Habermas has made to contemporary social theory. To this end, the chapter provides an overview of his life and career; principal areas of research; conception of critical theory; interpretation of relevant intellectual traditions; and his plea for a paradigm shift, commonly known as the “linguistic turn.” The final section grapples with the main limitations and shortcomings of Habermas’s oeuvre, notably with regard to his theory of communicative action.
Bibliografía sobre el tema Hermenéutica: entre técnica y teoría de la interpretación
This book is an adaptation of a thesis draft worked out by one of us (VC). In this book, we outlined some new findings in nonlinear collective dynamics associated with psychosynthesis, socio-economics modelling and cosmology theorizing. Hopefully, this study will enable new insights in these fields derived from collective phenomena study.
Anyone attending a political science conference these days is likely to be overwhelmed by the extreme heterogeneity of viewpoints and approaches, a heterogeneity sometimes resembling a hopeless Babel of tongues. For decades there had been talk of paradigm changes and of the erosion of “mainstream” assumptions in the discipline; more recently, this ferment has been heightened by the influx of novel perspectives whose vocabulary and intellectual style bear a distinctly continental cast. Professional reaction to these perspectives has been varied: greeted by some as instant remedies they are bemoaned by others as alien intruders threatening an already fragile consensus. I perceive them as idioms in an ongoing conversation whose lines of argument are not merely whimsical and deserve the attention of political science teachers.
Observation of Sea World – Gold Coast, Australia’s 2015 and 2018 onsite signage and live animal shows provides indication of a significant shift in legitimating rhetoric. The keeping of animals in captivity has become an increasingly contentious issue requiring zoos and marine parks to reposition themselves to remain viable as tourism enterprises to be sustained into the future. Recent protests by animal rights activists in Australia exemplifies the ideological challenges to the keeping of marine animals in captivity. To survive and thrive all organisations including marine parks must present an ideologically sustainable position which is consistent through their messaging and practices. Participant observation and discourse analysis are applied in this study to reveal the messaging employed by Sea World – Gold Coast, Australia in two separate years, and by doing so to identify the changes in legitimation framing over the period. Examples of onsite signage and live animal shows at the theme park, demonstrate that the legitimating discourses have shifted from its role in educating the public about marine animals and conservation in 2015, to highlighting its role as authorised, expert facility understood as a place of refuge to care for individual animals in 2018.
The concept of “power” is central to political sociology. In this chapter, we first try to describe it by reducing its implicit semantic ambiguity. We will distinguish it from similar concepts such as “influence”, “domination”, “dominance”, and then focus on the concept of “authority” that presupposes a form of power recognised and accepted not only by those who exercise it, but also by those who are subject to it. Political power is only one particular social manifestation of power, which concerns the possession of the means necessary for the exercise of physical violence. It is therefore necessary to distinguish the forms of power from the resources necessary to exercise it. This allows us to separate political power from other fundamental manifestations of social power, such as economic and symbolic (or ideological) power. Many scholars have developed the belief that, in any historical society, power is concentrated in the hands of narrow elite that commands an atomised mass, almost naturally brought to subalternity with respect to the dominant group. The scholars whose work is attributable to elite theory are therefore convinced that the trend of modern societies follows a pyramidal logic. The dominant group may be called “political class”, or “ruling class”, or “power elite”, but it does not change the reality of a socio-political context that, even in democracy, is seen as inevitably destined to assume the oligarchical traits of a society where the few command the many. The idea of the homogeneity and compactness of elites is questioned by pluralistic theorists who believe that power groups are multiple, heterogeneous and in competition with each other. It is the same competition for power that may represent the meeting place between elitism and democracy.
En este trabajo se presenta la propuesta de las funciones del lenguaje de Jackobson como una herramienta clave para la interpretación y desarrollo de metodologías de investigación cualitativa. A partir de las descripciones de los marcos referenciales y los métodos de recolección de información se propondrá la función interpretativa como transversal a la metodología cualitativa y como aporte al paradigma de la epistemología del sujeto conocido realizada por Vasilachis. Posteriormente se presentará una metodología de investigación-creación para vincular esta propuesta a la utilización del audiovisual como herramienta de investigación-divulgación.
‘Hermeneutics,’ the word, is derived from Greek ‘hermenus’, which means ‘an interpreter’. Historically, it comes from Greek mythology, which refers to the messenger, Hermes, who was an interpreter of Zeus’ messages. Hermeneutics, in general, is a method or a science of interpreting sacred texts. It covers both orders- the theory of understanding and the interpretation of linguistic and non- linguistic expressions
This article analyses the text of bahtsul masail from the alumni of Lirboyo Islamic traditional boarding school focusing on the motive behind its publication, the basic concept of nationalism proposed by the text, the dominance of legal reasoning used in the text and its potential toward the readers. By employing critical hermeneutic approach, there were three stages of analysis, i.e. socio-historical analysis, text analysis and interpretation of the text. According to the analysis this research concludes that the recent phenomenon of the rising of anti-nationalism Islamic movement led by Hizbut-Tahrir and certain radical hard-line organization since 2000s has been the main motive of the publication of the text. This text also proposes the meaning of nationalism as the intention to love the nation and country and its consequences as a Moslem in Indonesian context. Moreover Qauliyah has had been used as the main legal reasoning to formulate certain concepts and this text might be less compatible for the prospective readers outside the Santri’s community. Because many arguments from Arabic resources scattered throughout the text in which still need depth explanation for the beginners.
In this article, I revise the normative account of sport that I proposed in ‘William J. Morgan’s “conventionalist internalism” approach. Furthering internalism? A critical hermeneutical response.’ I first present Habermas’ discursive ethics, placing emphasis on his interpretation of the relationship between moral (Kantian) and ethical (Hegelian/hermeneutical) principles. Then, I provide a reformulation of my account by both drawing on Habermas and going beyond him—as I go beyond Habermas, I will refer to the account as ‘discourse-ethics based.’ To further explore the normative potential of the account, I connect its main tenets to the three main normative theories of sport (formalism, broad internalism, and deep conventionalism) and illustrate it with examples from anti-doping governance.
Paul Ricoeur is one of the most significant hermeneutic thinkers of the twentieth century. Born in Valence, France, in 1931, he taught as professor of philosophy at the universities of Strasbourg, Paris, and Chicago, and also served as director for the Center of Phenomenology and Hermeneutics in Paris. Together with heidegger (Article 18) and gadamer (Article 38), Ricoeur developed a philosophy based on the view that existence is itself a mode of interpretation (hermeneia). Or, as the hermeneutic maxim goes: Life interprets itself. But where Heidegger concentrated directly on a fundamental ontology of interpretation, Ricoeur advances what he calls the “long route” of multiple hermeneutic detours. This brought him into dialogue with the human sciences, where philosophy discovers its limits in what is outside of philosophy, in those border exchanges where meaning traverses the various signs and disciplines in which being is interpreted by human understanding. He challenged Heidegger's view that being is accessible through the “short route” of existence understanding itself through its ownmost possibilities, maintaining instead that it is always mediated through an endless process of interpretations – cultural, religious, political, historical, and scientific. Hence Ricoeur's basic definition of hermeneutics as the “art of deciphering indirect meaning.” A definition he explains as follows:
There is increasing interest in hermeneutics as a research approach in the field of information systems. However, the problem facing researchers is that there is a paucity of information on the application of hermeneutics for empirical research in the social sciences; indeed, there is very little guidance on what exactly constitutes a hermeneutic method for the investigation of social phenomena. In order to address this problem, this paper provides an overview of concepts and principles from the related philosophies of phenomenology and hermeneutics; it then illustrates their application in an interpretive case study on the information systems development process. The insights obtained from the application of the hermeneutic method outlined in this paper have helped realize the study's objective of illustrating the link between phenomenological hermeneutics and the conduct of interpretive research.
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