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Table 1 Suppl. A global overview of Festulolium cultivars bred from alternative Lolium Festuca hybrid combinations (cultivars in
bold registered on the 2020 OECD list). Specific data on two Festulolium cultivars, Hba2544 and LE 16-26, registered on the OECD
list 2020, were not recognized.
Initial hybrid combination
Breeding approach
Cultivar
Ploidy level a
Country of origin
Lolium multiflorum Festuca pratensis
amphiploidy
Elmet
tetraploid
United Kingdom
amphiploidy
Emrys
tetraploid
United Kingdom
amphiploidy
Achilles
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Helus
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Hopej
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Hostyn
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Hyperon
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Perseus
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Perun
tetraploid
Czech Republic
amphiploidy
Lifema
tetraploid
Germany
amphiploidy
Lina DS
tetraploid
Lithuania
amphiploidy
Puga
tetraploid
Lithuania
amphiploidy
Rakopan
tetraploid
Poland
amphiploidy
Festum
tetraploid
Italy
amphiploidy
Tatay II
tetraploid
Argentina
introgression
AberNiche
tetraploid
United Kingdom
introgression
Evergreen
tetraploid
United States
introgression
Kemal
tetraploid
United States
introgression
Tandem
tetraploid
United States
Festuca pratensis Lolium multiflorum
amphiploidy
Paulita
tetraploid
Germany
amphiploidy
Paulena
tetraploid
Germany
amphiploidy
Fedoro
tetraploid
Germany
amphiploidy
Agula
tetraploid
Poland
amphiploidy
Felopa
tetraploid
Poland
amphiploidy
Sulino
tetraploid
Poland
amphiploidy
Punia DS
tetraploid
Lithuania
amphiploidy
Nakei 1
tetraploid
Japan
introgression
Tohoku 1 1
tetraploid
Japan
introgression
Merlin
tetraploid
Uruguay
introgression
Felovia
tetraploid
Switzerland
introgression
Felimare 2
tetraploid
Switzerland
Lolium perenne Festuca pratensis
amphiploidy
Prior
tetraploid
United Kingdom
amphiploidy
Spring Green 3
tetraploid
United States
amphiploidy
Fabel
tetraploid
Norway
amphiploidy
Frosta
tetraploid
Norway
amphiploidy
North fest
tetraploid
Japan
introgression
Matrix
diploid
New Zealand
introgression
Revolution
diploid
New Zealand
introgression
Ultra
diploid
New Zealand
introgression
Barrier 4
diploid
New Zealand
introgression
AberNile 5, b
diploid
United Kingdom
introgression
Barfest
tetraploid
Netherlands
introgression
Duo
tetraploid
United States
Lolium spp. Festuca pratensis
introgression
Icarus 6
tetraploid
Japan
Lolium hybridum Festuca pratensis
introgression
introgression
introgression
Saikava
Vizule
Festilo
tetraploid
tetraploid
tetraploid
Latvia
Latvia
Belgium
Lolium multiflorum Festuca arundinacea
var. glaucescens
amphiploidy
Lueur
tetraploid
France
amphiploidy
Lusilium
tetraploid
France
amphiploidy
Luxane
tetraploid
France
introgression
AberLink
diploid
United Kingdom
Lolium multiflorum Festuca arundinacea
introgression
Honor b
diploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Horimir b
diploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Bečva
tetraploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Hathor
tetraploid
Czech Republic
Initial hybrid combination
Breeding approach
Cultivar
Ploidy level a
Country of origin
introgression
Hermes
tetraploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Hypnos
tetraploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Lofa
tetraploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Vėtra
tetraploid
Lithuania
introgression
Diagram
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Felina
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Fojtan
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Hemsut
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Hipast
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Honak
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Hykor
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Kebo
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Korina b
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Lesana b
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Lukida
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Mahulena
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Naos
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Rebab
hexaploid
Czech Republic
introgression
Kenhy
hexaploid
United States
introgression
Johnstone
hexaploid
United States
amphiploidy
KY-2N56 7
octoploid
United States
Lolium perenne Festuca mairei
amphiploidy
AberRoot 8
tetraploid
United Kingdom
Lolium spp. Festuca spp.
introgression
Splice 9
tetraploid
New Zealand
a diploid (2n = 2x = 14); tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28); hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), octoploid (2n = 8x = 56);
b turf cultivars (V. Cernoch, pers. comm.);
1 cv. Tohoku 1 was developed from inter-crossing of three cvs: Evergreen, Paulita and Tandem (A. Kubota, personal communication);
2 cv. Felimare was developed from intercrossing of cv. Felovia with L. hybridum (Ch. Grieder, pers. com.);
3 cv. Spring Green was developed from intercrossing of four cvs: Elmet, Kemal, Tandem and Prior (Casler et al. 2001);
4 cv. Barrier (meadow fescue type) was developed from intercrossing of F. pratensis with cvs Matrix, Revolution and Ultra (A. Stewart,
personal communication);
5 cv. AberNile – L. perenne introgression line of amenity grass with a homozygous recessive mutant “stay-green – sid” gene transferred
from F. pratensis conferring disrupted leaf senescence (Thomas et al. 1997);
6 cv. Icarus was developed from intercrossing of four cvs: Evergreen, Paulita, Tandem, and Duo (A. Kubota, personal communication);
7 KY-2N56 germplasm – the first tall fescue hybrid derivative of L. multiflorum F. arundinacea and F. arundinacea F. gigantea
hybrids (Pedersen et al. 1990);
8 cv. AberRoot – the first L. perenne F. mairei amphiploid cultivar (formerly referred to in publications as Bx511 and Lp Fm),
having gained entry onto the UK National List 2020 (M. Humphreys, personal communication);
9 cv. Splice (Italian ryegrass type) was developed from intercrossing of L. multiflorum, L. perenne, F. pratensis and F. arundinacea
(A. Stewart, personal communication).