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EFFECT OF GARRISON'S MODEL OF SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ON ACADEMIC SELF-CONCEPT OF OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING STUDENTS IN NIGERIA AND COUNSELLING IMPLICATIONS

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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of Garrison's model of self-directed learning on improving academic self-concept of open and distance learning (ODL)students of National Open University of Nigeria(NOUN)Awka study centre-Anambra state. The study was guided by two research questions and two hypotheses which were formulated and tested at .05 level of significance. Quasi experimental design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised all300 level studentsNOUN-Awka study centre numbering 1,456. A sample of 134 students were selected using simple random sampling technique. The data were generated using 'Academic Self-concept scale(ASCS)developed by Ordazand Reyes (2014) with a reliability coefficient of 0.87 which was determined using Cronbach Alpha. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions while ANCOVA wasused to test the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The study indicated that Garrison's Model helps to enhance and improve academic self-concept of students irrespective of gender.Based on the findings, counselling implications were discussed, recommendations made and conclusions drawn. Among therecommendations is that ODL institutions like NOUN should adopt and implement the Garrison's model of SDL on her students so as to promote versatility and effectiveness to increase academic learning and performance.



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 ,'' !"#
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      &%     "    
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" $ 7  '%89" "   3$
!%"4
&"!3:!"%'(
  )%      ;    
                
%<      ).      "  .
        "% !
     #     
   2        
               
%
="> 2.;. !23.
. .
-

?
"    
  .  6''(%  ?          $
   %# 6''0)
          +          "
#"&.."
 %3&.  "
.    @  .      @  
A?.6'-,%.
$&
     "      
#
  "          "  #    
    "                   &
% B .         ! ?
      ;    ?          
" %$$ 
      "         #  #  $
#%
"
    "    
                   
           
#%    $  $              
"C6'-/%
"
#+$"%B"
%D
6
. D     A  ? 
      ?    E       F  "
$F"
    C+$    F          
F#"
              &      
$GD5$6'-/%!H
  !$ 6'-6.     
                    #    
%&
    ".    $        .    $  $    
    4              $  
%    $            %
.      "  #        +  
+%
2    2              "
%B   $ " # 
"."".
  .      "          
    %  2.  6'- 0%B2.       #  
$"%B..
"."$.
  .  .   %="   6'-0
)  2            "  #  
.  "    "        .        
. .      
..
  %   3    =#  6''/ $    2
    $ -. 2;.    "    $    
""
,
.          .          +.
#  "        .      $  
./.2;&"$
".
  .   0. 2;  #  .  .  
+4#"
.  #% A6'-6 ) 2  
# #..
%22;"
  $  "          "      
          +.    
  .  .      "      
"$.
<#.6''6%
-II92"2
+.2;%!EG
2 (&!'!$&'# " # %B   
    $            .  
+      "      %      2
           +#
  )            .  "  
#"%B
+EG  (&'#'$$
""
    $    #  $    #%  2      
"$      #  $          
%#+!#'! #
)"
            %  !    EG
    
      #%  4    )    
J%;
     3. -II6%B "   . 
    "          +.  4
)2"
$.2
+2)
%
/
2          $  .  "#.    
.$K.6''/F;
L  3.  -II9F  2.  6'',%  2            
          $    &  %  B  
         "            %!  
<    #  -II/.    A#    #  -II0.  
$$$+$."C
$        .    M      #      
  "  % < .  $.
  .            C  
!44LH.6''I%
!
)$M%<2##6'',)
    E                    "
)$M%!;6''(.
  $
        $%  B    )        
.  K  6''9  4        
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6'''                  
..+%!.
%
#!#&'#(#% &
! #.
      @    +    %
!C;.<.
L  O.  -III          %  2  "  "
#7"#
     % .  
      )  &        
%   $  .
2  "                   
      %  B  "          "  
  "             3    A
! 3A! "   +$ " 
$%$$P$

(
"#"
            Q.  3      
                    
 "
Q $. #  )
          2
  
.!"#23!$!$%
*%"(#*)

  2        
%2).
% P    "  +            
+          2      +  
%
% B    "  +          $"    
+2%
"!1*"#'"
       $M      .    "  
&">
-% P+
+

0
6% P         + 
Q
2%#""
-%       )              
+          2        +  

6%   ) $"  
+Q
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      &  +        
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        6-      ,'    "      
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%.+
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"#%"#)"#%
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2-,%/6"/%99%
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#    "  .   
         2 
$%!
     O  6''9.  !           
.
%    "    $        
%"$
    4      "#      
   % 2 3   
$
 "    !23        2
""3A!%
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--
    ;"
              .  $
          .  $.  .  
%
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"#."
-% !     
2 

6%                   
. 22-'-
  #  "      )              
  $      %    "  "      
"$%
,%              )   $"
       +        
         $       $@
               
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!44.  O  LH.  5%  6''I%      $"    
#"
   H <% International Journal of Psychological
Studies.-6.6(,/
<.;L2##?%;%6'',%!7>K"
QEducational Psychology Review.-(-.-/'
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<.L#.5%-II/%Changing the self: Philosophies, techniques
and experiences. !$>2 "O#A%
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Adult Education Quarterly.  (66.  -((-(0%3.  6''0%
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 ! A  "$$ 
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