No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Consolidación de estados financieros en el sector público en Colombia, conveniencia de realización en el caso del Distrito Capital
Abstract
Una vez revisada la regulación contable pública en Colombia, se han evidenciado complicaciones en temas de consolidación puesto que se generaron tres marcos normativos, los cuales presentan divergencias entre ellos, así pues, este trabajo pretende analizar cada uno de ellos, con el fin de conocer cuáles son las diferencias y así determinar la conveniencia de realizar la consolidación de estados financieros en el sector público en el Distrito Capital. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa con el método de estudio de caso, con herramientas de análisis documental y una encuesta aplicada a las empresas objeto de consolidación de la entidad pública. Se determinó que las diferencias de los tratamientos contables utilizados por las empresas no generan gran complejidad para homogeneizar la información objeto de consolidación y por ende es oportuno realizarla.
En el texto se presenta una investigación sobre las tendencias actuales de la educación en contabilidad gubernamental en Colombia. Se toma como fuente básica la revisión de una muestra de dieciocho planes de estudio de contaduría pública con acreditación de alta calidad nacional. En ese sentido, a partir de un análisis documental y cualitativo de los contenidos se examinan los espacios académicos, las temáticas, las estrategias pedagógicas y las referencias bibliográficas de los microcurrículos correspondientes. Considerando esto y los demás aspectos asociados al contexto normativo, técnico y tecnológico, se describen algunos retos que podría asumir la comunidad académica contable en procura de lograr avances de esta área en el país.
Portugal and Spain have reformed their national standards to adapt them to the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). This paper explains the process of implementing the IPSAS for consolidated reporting in the two countries and the advantages and disadvantages which have emerged. The results highlight the role of the IPSAS in improving the quality and use of consolidated financial statements (CFS) and will be of interest to other countries that are intending to implement the IPSAS.
Private-sector accounting systems have often been heralded as superior to public-sector ones and suggested as solutions to the shortcomings of the latter. Our article aims at contributing to this debate by looking at the adoption of business-like practices where the public and private sectors intersect. Our analysis shows that the adoption of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSASs), strongly inspired by International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), might not ensure the expected disclosure. Municipalities adopting IPSASs for preparing consolidated financial statement do not necessarily increase accountability because some relevant public service providers are not included in the reporting entities.
Public sector consolidated financial statements can be drafted according to different approaches, especially the “control approach” or “budgetary perspective.” Considering the growing importance of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) in the international scenario, the aim of the article is to investigate these approaches through an analysis of the comment letters submitted to the Exposure Draft no. 49, which will replace the current IPSAS 6. The main finding concerns the acceptance of the key role played by the control approach, even though it needs to be better specified, in order to take into account the public sector characteristics.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the literature on consolidated financial statements (CFS) in the public sector published from 1980 to 2015 in public sector accounting and management journals, and propose a future research agenda.
Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a structured literature review methodology, the authors investigate how the CFS literature is developing and what its focus is.
Findings
The authors identify five major topics: the definition of the consolidation area; the identification of the reporting entity; the private vs public sector accounting standard dichotomy; the relationship with the statistical rules; and the usefulness of CFS.
Originality/value
The authors analyze these topics, highlighting the growing implementation of CFS in different contexts (mainly focusing on governments outside the USA) and provide suggestions for future research.
This study examines the historical development during the 20th century of the totals column reported on the financial statement that reported assets, liabilities, and equity for all funds of state and local governments (SLGs) within the United States. This research documents the evolution of accounting standards that addressed the totals column. SLG accounting professionals and standards-setters debated whether it was appropriate for SLGs to report a combined totals column throughout the century. The totals column was optional or forbidden in some reporting standards. Other SLG standards permitted a totals column, but always with reservation. A consolidated totals column was never acceptable until Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) Statement 34. Statement 34, issued in 1999, required SLGs to report all primary government funds in a single consolidated totals column on a new Statement of Net Assets. The Statement of Net Assets was the first time users were able to assess the financial position of the SLG primary government in a single consolidated column. This study provides the historical developments that led to this major revision in SLG financial reporting.
Purpose
Considering the worldwide importance granted to this topic, the purpose of this paper is to analyze, through a detailed pyramidal analysis, the intention of International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) to respond better to the public sector characteristics.
Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology combines content analysis with the comparative and interpretive method, and also some statistical methods such as residual analysis, association coefficients, that come to bring added value to the public sector literature.
Findings
The main findings of the research concern the appreciation of consolidation approach in the public sphere under a dual aspect. The first one is theoretical, by presenting the evolution of the concept in literature, and the second one is empirical, by analyzing how IPSAS correlates with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), how the Exposure Draft 49 (ED 49) respondents perceive its content and implications, along with the extent to which the publication of IPSAS 35 took into account the exposure draft stage. In the authors’ opinion, the study manages to capture, theoretically and empirically, the evolution and the stage of consolidation in the public sector. The main results of the study lie in the combination in the empirical sphere of the content analysis with the mathematical and statistical methods, in order to assess the correlation IPSAS/IFRS, the responses to ED 49, but also the influences on the final version of IPSAS 35.
Research limitations/implications
The main limitations of the study are: the diversity of the received responses to ED and the number of comment letters submitted by the respondents.
Practical implications
The study addresses to a broad range of users: theoreticians, practitioners or professional bodies/legislators who will have a basis for analyzing what the acceptance and inclusion of IPSAS 35 in the national accounting rules would mean.
Social implications
The paper offers the possibility to understand the evolution of the concept of public sector consolidation.
Originality/value
The first originality aspect is revealed by the theoretical documentation and the second one lies in the combination of the empirical sphere of the content analysis with the mathematical and statistical methods.
The paper focuses on the potential benefits of fair value accounting (FVA) in the public sector and the shift towards the entity theory of consolidation supported by international accounting standards. The analysis of the Italian cases shows neither adjustments of the assets to their fair value, nor any recognition of intangibles other than goodwill in consolidated financial statement (CFS), maintaining the configuration of a municipal corporate group based on historical costs. These findings suggest a lack of focus on FVA by local governments (LGs), which is in contrast with international accounting standards. Using a combination of sources (such as annual reports and interviews), part of this paper is based on multiple-case studies of Italian LGs on the voluntary adoption of CFS.
En los últimos años venimos asistiendo a una descentralización progresiva en la gestión de servicios por parte de los entes locales, intentando utilizar figuras empresariales con el fin de gestionar fondos públicos por vías más flexibles que la tradicional del presupuesto de ingresos y gastos. Este fenómeno ha provocado que la información económico-financiera que suministran estos entes haya perdido relevancia, puesto que la cuenta general que según la normativa vigente deben rendir no comprende las diversas Entidades que prestan servicios directa o indirectamente a la comunidad.
This article analyses the potential effect of consolidated financial reporting (CFR) on the accounting and reporting systems in Italian local government. As consequence of the increased use of decentralized entities in delivering a variety of public services, Italian local government needs to improve internal and external accountability. Although a number of obstacles (technical, legal and cultural) have been encountered in Italy, initial experience in Tuscany has demonstrated that CFR has benefits for internal and external users. CFR, in addition, is a potential stimulus for the full implementation of accrual accounting and reporting.
Líneas de reforma de la Contabilidad Pública en España. Presupuesto y Gasto Público
- V N Bravo
Bravo, V. N. (2008). Líneas de reforma de la Contabilidad Pública en España. Presupuesto y
Gasto Público, 51, 231-242.
Constitución Política de Colombia
- Congreso De La República
Congreso de la República. (1991). Constitución Política de Colombia. Obtenido de http://
www.secretariasenado.gov.co/senado/basedoc/constitucion_politica_1991.html
Por la cual se desarrolla el artículo 354 de la Constitución Política, se crea la Contaduría General de la Nación como una Unidad Administrativa Especial Adscrita al Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público, y se dictan otras disposiciones
- Congreso De La República
Congreso de la República. (1996). Ley 298 de 1996. "Por la cual se desarrolla el artículo
354 de la Constitución Política, se crea la Contaduría General de la Nación como una
Unidad Administrativa Especial Adscrita al Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público,
y se dictan otras disposiciones". Obtenido de http://www.suin.gov.co/viewDocument.
asp?ruta=Leyes/1657792
Por la cual se regulan los principios y normas de contabilidad e información financiera y de aseguramiento de información aceptados en Colombia, se señalan las autoridades competentes, el procedimiento para su expedición y se determinan las entidades responsables de vigilar su cumplimiento
- Congreso De La República
Congreso de la República. (2009). Ley 1314 de 2009. "Por la cual se regulan los principios y
normas de contabilidad e información financiera y de aseguramiento de información
aceptados en Colombia, se señalan las autoridades competentes, el procedimiento para
su expedición y se determinan las entidades responsables de vigilar su cumplimiento"..
Por la cual se adopta el Régimen de Contabilidad Pública, se establece su conformación y se define el ámbito de aplicación
- Contaduría General De La Nación
Contaduría General de la Nación. (2007). Resolución 354. "Por la cual se adopta el Régimen
de Contabilidad Pública, se establece su conformación y se define el ámbito de
aplicación". Obtenido de https://mintic.gov.co/portal/604/articles-3790_documento.
pdf
El proceso de consolidación de la información contable pública en Colombia: un análisis crítico y sus perspectivas de mejora
- A M Jurado
Jurado, A. M. (2017). El proceso de consolidación de la información contable pública en Colombia:
un análisis crítico y sus perspectivas de mejora. Bogotá D.C, Colombia.
Introducción a la investigación cualitativa: Fundamentos, métodos, estrategias y técnicas
- R Katayama
Katayama, R. (2014). Introducción a la investigación cualitativa: Fundamentos, métodos,
estrategias y técnicas. Lima: Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega.
IPSAS and local government consolidated financial statementsproposal for a territorial consolidation method. Public Money & Management
- A Lombarno
Lombarno, A. (2013). IPSAS and local government consolidated financial statementsproposal for a territorial consolidation method. Public Money & Management, 33(6),
429-436.
Por el cual se modifica la estructura de la Contaduría General de la Nación y se determinan las funciones de sus dependencias
- Presidencia De La República
Presidencia de la República. (2004). Decreto 143 de 2004. "Por el cual se modifica la
estructura de la Contaduría General de la Nación y se determinan las funciones
de sus dependencias". Obtenido de http://www.suin.gov.co/viewDocument.
asp?ruta=Decretos/1032247
Metodología de la investigación: más que una receta. AD-minister
- F H Ramírez
- A Zwerg
Ramírez, F. H. y Zwerg, A. (2012). Metodología de la investigación: más que una receta.
AD-minister, (20), 91-111.