Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research
Abstract
Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data-systematically obtained and analyzed in social research-can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data-grounded theory-is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications. In Part I of the book, "Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis," the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data," the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, "Implications of Grounded Theory," Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory. The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena-political, educational, economic, industrial- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data. © 1999 by Barney G. Glaser and Frances Strauss. All rights reserved.
... This study adopts grounded theory as its primary research methodology. Grounded theory is a qualitative approach that allows for the generation of theoretical frameworks through systematic analysis of empirical data, making it particularly suitable for exploratory studies that lack pre-existing theoretical framework (Glaser and Strauss, 1999). ...
... Grounded theory uses theoretical sampling, selecting participants who are theoretically relevant to the study's focus (Chen, 2000;Glaser and Strauss, 1999). To ensure broad representation, this study employed purposive sampling to interview 16 teachers from different districts in City C, China. ...
... In grounded theory research, the selection criteria for the core category must ensure that it is connected to all other categories and frequently appears in the data. The category must be coherent and logically consistent as it develops (Glaser and Strauss, 1999). In this study, the core category derived from selective coding is "Promoting Self-Professional Development through Optimizing the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) Cognition. ...
Introduction
This study explores the challenges and support needs faced by primary and secondary school teachers in enhancing their Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL).
Methods
Using a grounded theory approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 teachers from City C, China. The data were systematically analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding.
Results
The study identifies key factors influencing SoTL enhancement, including teachers’ professional development needs, policy pressures, resource constraints, and a lack of social support.
Discussion
The findings highlight the importance of strengthening teachers’ professional identity, optimizing resource allocation, establishing peer support systems, and refining educational policies. This study offers actionable strategies to support teachers’ professional growth and improve instructional practices.
... Employing a critical interpretive approach (Deetz, 1982;Glaser & Strauss, 1967), we designed the present study to explore sexual harassment at urban workplaces in Pakistan. With the aim to ascertain a rich understanding of the phenomenon, we drew on multiple data sources. ...
... With the aim to ascertain a rich understanding of the phenomenon, we drew on multiple data sources. We applied the principles of grounded theory to analyze our data (Gioia, Corley, & Hamilton, 2013;Glaser & Strauss, 1967). ...
While management research on sexual harassment has offered important insights on its organizational antecedents and outcomes, it has remained empirically focused on explaining how the phenomenon manifests in the Global North. Drawing on findings from a multi-source qualitative study on sexual harassment in urban Pakistan, we move beyond the prevailing view that largely attributes sexual harassment to intraorganizational culture or personal traits. Instead, we adopt a cultural political economy perspective, which foregrounds sexual harassment in the space that mutually enables caste-based rural feudal patriarchy and urban neoliberal capitalist logics. A cultural political economy perspective to sexual harassment in this Global South context allows us to make the following contributions. First, we argue that sexual harassment at the urban workplace in Pakistan should not be seen as separate from its rural counterpart, for it is feudal patriarchy’s culture of hegemonic domination that is responsible for women’s sexual exploitation in white-collar work. Second, the ubiquity of sexual harassment occurs at the very nexus of feudal patriarchy and neoliberal capitalism, as victims become entangled within the interconnected structures of gender, class/caste, age, and status. This results in the (re)production of impotence, speaking to victims’ lack of meaningful agency.
... I was influenced by similar work, notably Urakami (2021) andInan Nur et al. (2021). My frameworks are a form meta-research developed through grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss, 2017;Walker & Myrick, 2006). I am epistemologically pluralistic and argue that these frameworks can be explored through more positivist or post-positivist approaches (Glaser style) and/or expanded in a social constructivist sense through community discourse (Strauss style) (Glaser & Strauss, 2017). ...
... My frameworks are a form meta-research developed through grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss, 2017;Walker & Myrick, 2006). I am epistemologically pluralistic and argue that these frameworks can be explored through more positivist or post-positivist approaches (Glaser style) and/or expanded in a social constructivist sense through community discourse (Strauss style) (Glaser & Strauss, 2017). ...
ChatGPT, powered by a large language model (LLM), has revolutionized everyday human-computer interaction (HCI) since its 2022 release. While now used by millions around the world, a coherent pathway for evaluating the user experience (UX) ChatGPT offers remains missing. In this rapid review (N = 58), I explored how ChatGPT UX has been approached quantitatively so far. I focused on the independent variables (IVs) manipulated, the dependent variables (DVs) measured, and the methods used for measurement. Findings reveal trends, gaps, and emerging consensus in UX assessments. This work offers a first step towards synthesizing existing approaches to measuring ChatGPT UX, urgent trajectories to advance standardization and breadth, and two preliminary frameworks aimed at guiding future research and tool development. I seek to elevate the field of ChatGPT UX by empowering researchers and practitioners in optimizing user interactions with ChatGPT and similar LLM-based systems.
... األنطولوجيا اا ا ااحبه ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ص الظهور ي ف اة ا النوعي البحوث ااهج ا من ادأت ا ب اا ا ادم ا عن ي ااد ا الم القرن اات ا اانيني ا ثم ي ف حول األدبيات امت ا انقس األبحاث، من النوع هذا موثوقية من التحقق اية ا قض حول فكرية تجاذبات النوعية األبحاث ومحاامة الكمية البحوث ر معايت اتخدام ا اس األول ام ا القس : ر امي ا قس إىل اية ا القض هذه وه اوئها ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ض ي ف ( ها اعتت الطريقة ذه Watson & Girard, 2004 ) مدارس تها واعتت ابة. ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا مناس ر غت ( ي النول البحث يعات ر وتش الخاصة األسس مع تتناسب ال المجذرة النظريةGlaser & Strauss, ;1967Strauss & Corbin, 1998Charmaz, 2008;Charmaz & Thornberg, 2021 .) (نظر وجهة ي ف متمثل عام نموذج اوء ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ض ي ف النوعية البحوث محاامة : ي الثاب ام ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا القس Lincoln & Guba, 1986 اذرة ا ا ا ا المج اة ا ا ا ا النظري بحوث من ر الكثت عىل أثرت اا ا ا ا ا أنه ادو ا ا ا ا يب اة ا ا ا ا ااني ا ا ا ا الث النظر اة ا ا ا ا وجه .) ...
... األنطولوجيا اا ا ااحبه ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ص الظهور ي ف اة ا النوعي البحوث ااهج ا من ادأت ا ب اا ا ادم ا عن ي ااد ا الم القرن اات ا اانيني ا ثم ي ف حول األدبيات امت ا انقس األبحاث، من النوع هذا موثوقية من التحقق اية ا قض حول فكرية تجاذبات النوعية األبحاث ومحاامة الكمية البحوث ر معايت اتخدام ا اس األول ام ا القس : ر امي ا قس إىل اية ا القض هذه وه اوئها ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ض ي ف ( ها اعتت الطريقة ذه Watson & Girard, 2004 ) مدارس تها واعتت ابة. ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا مناس ر غت ( ي النول البحث يعات ر وتش الخاصة األسس مع تتناسب ال المجذرة النظريةGlaser & Strauss, ;1967Strauss & Corbin, 1998Charmaz, 2008;Charmaz & Thornberg, 2021 .) (نظر وجهة ي ف متمثل عام نموذج اوء ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ض ي ف النوعية البحوث محاامة : ي الثاب ام ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا ا القس Lincoln & Guba, 1986 اذرة ا ا ا ا المج اة ا ا ا ا النظري بحوث من ر الكثت عىل أثرت اا ا ا ا ا أنه ادو ا ا ا ا يب اة ا ا ا ا ااني ا ا ا ا الث النظر اة ا ا ا ا وجه .) ...
This study aimed to provide a systematic review by evaluating the accuracy
and quality of mathematics education research that employed the grounded
theory methodology. A systematic search was conducted in the databases
(EBSCO), (SAGE Journals), (Google Scholar), (Springer), and (Eric) to identify
studies in the field of mathematics education that mentioned the use of
grounded theory methodology and/or methods in the title, abstract, or
methodology. The descriptive characteristics and methodological quality of
eligible studies were examined using evaluation guidelines developed by
(Hutchison et al., 2011). The review included eighteen research papers
conducted between 2010 and 2023. The results showed that the grounded
theory methodology is increasingly being used by researchers. Five studies
(33%) provided a good understanding and appropriate application of
grounded theory methodology through their adherence to the six principles.
The rates of application of the principles of grounded theory were variable,
although most studies did not adhere to the principles of grounded theory
and its capabilities were not exploited well, such as memos, theoretical
sampling, use of charts and tables, theoretical saturation, and integration of
theory with the literature, which was reflected in the opportunities for
theoretical innovation
... Für die Datenerhebung wurde die Think-Aloud-Methode (Ericsson & Simon, 1984) verwendet, und die Datenanalyse erfolgte auf Basis der Prinzipien der Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1999), sowie der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2022) sowie Kuckartz (2019). Diese Kombination aus Grounded Theory und Qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ermöglichte eine tiefgehende Analyse der Interaktionen der Schüler*innen mit den DLEs und die Identifikation zentraler Designelemente. ...
... Um die gewonnenen Daten umfassend analysieren zu können, wurden die Beobachtungen audiovisuell aufgezeichnet und transkribiert. Drei unabhängige Codierer*innen werteten die Daten unter Anwendung von Prinzipien der Grounded Theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1999) und der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse (Mayring, 2022) aus. Bei der Grounded Theory handelt es sich um eine methodologische Vorgehensweise, die es ermöglicht, aus den empirischen Daten induktiv Theorien zu entwickeln (Teppo, 2015). ...
Im Zuge der "Digitalen Schule"-Initiative des österreichischen Bundesministeriums für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung und der damit verbundenen Ausstattung von Schüler*innen der Sekundarstufe I mit digitalen Geräten ist der Bedarf an hochwertigen digitalen Lernmaterialien, insbesondere im Fach Mathematik, stark gestiegen. Bisherige empirische Forschung zur optimalen Gestaltung digitaler Lernumgebungen (DLEs), speziell im Bereich Geometrie, ist jedoch begrenzt. Diese Studie untersucht zentrale Designelemente von DLEs aus Schüler*innenperspektive für das Geometrie-lernen in der Sekundarstufe I. In einer qualitativen Studie mit 17 Schüler*innen der fünften Schulstufe wurden die Nutzung und die Wahrnehmung von digitalen Geometrie-Lernmaterialien des Projekts FLINK in Mathe mithilfe der Think-Aloud-Methode analysiert. Die Analyse identifizierte drei zentrale Designelemente für DLEs im Bereich Geometrie: i) Navigation, ii) Kontextualisierung und Rahmung von Aufgaben sowie iii) Förderung selbstwirksamer Erfahrungen. Die Studie unter-streicht die Bedeutung einer aktiven Gestaltung von DLEs, die sowohl die Selbstständigkeit als auch die Lehrkräfte als unterstützende Instanz berücksichtigen. Die Ergebnisse liefern wertvolle Hinweise für die Entwicklung zukünftiger digitaler Lernmaterialien, die den spezifischen Bedürfnissen und Präferenzen von Schüler*innen entsprechen.
... First, smart cities are context-dependent phenomena (Ahvenniemi et al., 2017;Han & Kim, 2024;Hollands, 2008;McFarlane & Söderström, 2017); theoretical sampling, which differs from random or convenience sampling, can enhance the depth and relevance of the collected data to different contexts in which smart city projects are implemented. Second, theoretical sampling allows us to adapt the sample as new patterns emerge and refine it until data reaches saturation (Corbin & Strauss, 2008;Glaser, 1978;Glaser & Strauss, 1967). ...
... This data analysis was conducted based on the GTA, a systematic inductive methodology in qualitative research involving the construction of theory through the iterative process of collecting and analysing data (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). In the GTA, theory construction is often understood as formulating relationships between concepts and groups of related concepts (Strauss & Corbin, 1994). ...
Globally, cities strive to attain sustainability goals by leveraging smart technologies. Accordingly, there have been consistent scholarly efforts to elucidate the connection between adopting smart technologies (smartness domain) and achieving sustainability goals (sustainability domain). However, very little attention has been paid to exploring the processes through which these two domains are systematically integrated. This paper addresses this gap by asking: How are smart technologies institutionalised within socio-technical systems to achieve urban sustainability, particularly at the technology selection or experimentation stage? To answer this question, the paper aims to (1) identify and analyse drivers, enablers, and barriers (DEBs) to institutionalising smart technologies to achieve sustainability outcomes and (2) develop a conceptual model to elucidate complex socio-institutional interactions between 'smartness' and 'sustainability' domains. We draw on interviews with policymakers, practitioners, and technical leaders in 23 smart city projects funded by the Australian federal government to identify a set of overarching DEBs, and a Grounded Theory Approach to construct a four-phase path model to formalise the institutionalisation of smart technologies for sustainability outcomes: Compatibility, Alignment, Co-adaptation, and Integration. The paper provides policymakers and practitioners with deeper insights into and crucial implications for enhancing implementation and institutionalisation strategies in current and future smart city programs in pursuit of sustainability.
... The participants were identi ed via the snowball sampling method [34]. Following grounded theory principles [35], all PSWs working in Friuli Venezia Giulia during the data collection were included, while the sample size for MHPs was adjusted on the basis of the attainment of theoretical saturation. ...
Purpose Peer support, endorsed by the WHO and national guidelines, is increasingly recognised and promoted worldwide. However, innovative approaches are needed to evaluate the implementation of Peer Support Workers (PSWs) and their impact on mental health services. This study investigates the role of PSWs in Trieste and its region, a pivotal site of Italy’s psychiatric reform, where the deinstitutionalisation movement fostered the transition to a community-based care model. Methods The present study adopted an ethnographic methodology, encompassing a six-month field study involving participant observation and 22 semi-structured interviews with 12 PSWs and 10 mental health professionals. Results This study investigates the role, values, and benefits of peer support in mental health services within a specific Italian region, examining its impact on service users and its contributions to the humanisation and innovation of care. By analysing the perspectives of both PSWs and professionals, this research offers a comprehensive assessment of its significance. It also identifies the critical challenges related to the involvement and recognition of PSWs, employing an anthropological approach to identify operational difficulties and epistemological assumptions, which often constrain the full integration of PSWs. Moreover, the study proposes strategies for strengthening the role of PSWs and enhancing the consideration of experiential knowledge in mental health services. Conclusions In addition to their clinical effectiveness in supporting individuals' recovery, PSWs represent an opportunity for mental health services to critically reflect on their practices and the cultural assumptions underpinning them. These reflections have the potential to create meaningful innovation in psychiatric care
... As data was collected, we digitised and analysed it, treating data collection and analysis as interrelated processes (Corbin and Strauss 1990) to gain insights that could be used to collect new data or clarify some unclear points. In analysing the data, we followed the technique of codification and categorisation (Bryant 2017;Corbin and Strauss 1990;Glaser and Strauss 2006) to trace controversies in the translation process (Callon 1984;Latour 1999). ...
We adopt an ethnographic approach grounded in Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to examine the controversies surrounding student performance in a Brazilian State School recovering from a post-disaster scenario. By tracing the networks of actors – school staff, students, educational regulations, and community concerns – we illustrate how translation processes shape and stabilise organisational actions. The analysis reveals that controversies over project-based versus traditional learning approaches prompted continuous renegotiation of roles, interests, and goals. These renegotiations drew on output-based regulations, prior award-winning educational projects, and local socio-environmental issues to enact a provisional future that the school should achieve. Our findings suggest that contradictory interests in highly regulated public institutions do not necessarily mean a lack of success in achieving collective objectives but instead create opportunities for their creative redefinition. We demonstrate how past experiences and imagined futures influence public managers’ and employees’ decisions in negotiating these controversies, temporarily stabilising organisational practices.
... My findings following the software walkthrough is interpreted using a grounded theory approach that attempts to derive and formulate theories from empirical exploration, comparison and abstraction of empirical interactions (Glaser and Strauss 2017). I employ this inductive approach to identify emerging concepts and mechanisms that may arise from my exploration of the user interface. ...
The rise of TikTok has brought forth novel ways to create and consume media content, accelerated by technologies such as hyper-individualised algorithms and easy-to-use video production tools. Despite its popularity, scholars and politicians alike have raised many concerns on the legitimacy and ethics of TikTok regarding its services, and its collected data. However, much of these discussions take the premise of user-generated content for granted, attributing them to human expression without critically evaluating how the making of on-platform content production have changed. With a grounded theory approach, in conjunction with a platform-aware walkthrough that pays special attention to the material and immaterial premises of platform value generation, my findings suggest that the intensification of datafication have proliferated from consumption behaviours to the process of content production, whereas content production no longer solely produce media content. As platforms become the active recruiter, mobiliser and co-producer of media production, I argue that it is no longer feasible to distinguish human and machine contribution in the ways they are consumed to facilitate platform valorisation. I propose that the technical arrangements of TikTok, in relation to its users has fostered a non-linear mode of platform cultural production capable of generating economic value through a system of machinic agency that incorporates human and machines in an indistinguishable manner. As content, the premises of platform valorisation has become an inseparable effort of human-machines, I urge that the relationship between technology and humans be reassessed as a system of machinic agency that mutually shapes our mediated reality, rather than singular, differentiable actors that contribute to platforms.
... Bulguların geçerliliğini ve güvenilirliğini sağlamak için literatürden elde edilen veriler, sürekli karşılaştırma yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bu yöntem, literatürdeki çeşitli görüşleri karşılaştırarak ortak temalar ve teoriler arasındaki farklılıkları ve benzerlikleri netleştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). ...
Romantik ilişkilerde duygusal bağımlılık, ilişki memnuniyetini azaltan ve güç dengesizliklerine yol açan önemli bir psikolojik sorundur. Bu durum, genellikle güvensizlik, kaygı ve sürekli onay ihtiyacı ile ilişkilidir. Makale, duygusal bağımlılığın psikolojik temellerini, ilişki dinamiklerine etkilerini ve bu sorunun azaltılmasına yönelik terapötik stratejileri incelemektedir. Bowlby’nin (1969) bağlanma teorisi, duygusal bağımlılığın erken dönem bakım veren ilişkilerinden kaynaklandığını ve özellikle kaygılı bağlanma stiline sahip bireylerde daha sık görüldüğünü vurgular. Bilişsel-davranışçı terapi (BDT), bağlanma temelli terapi (BTT) ve duygu odaklı terapi (DOT) gibi yaklaşımlar, olumsuz bilişsel kalıpları değiştirme ve duygusal özerklik geliştirme açısından ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca, farkındalık temelli müdahalelerin (FTM’ler) bireylerin duygusal düzenleme ve öz farkındalık geliştirmesindeki rolü değerlendirilmektedir. Duygusal bağımlılığın ilişki memnuniyeti ve iletişim üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerine dikkat çeken çalışma, daha sağlıklı ilişkiler için terapötik müdahalelerin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Gelecek araştırmaların, bu yöntemlerin etkinliğini ve farklı bireysel ihtiyaçlara uygunluğunu incelemesi önerilmektedir.
... These initial codes came from literal transcription of interviewee statements that used specific terms, such as 'communidad' or 'niñas', as they were articulated by interviewees. These patterns were then interpreted and organised by the researchers using both inductive reasoning and theoretical guidance (Chun Tie et al., 2019;Glaser & Strauss, 2017). Once cross-site, cross-position (young participants, coaches, administrative staff, and community leaders) categorical themes were determined, axial coding began. ...
This study examines the role of sport in promoting social justice within sport-for-development programmes across Central America. Recognising sport's potential as a tool for addressing social issues and fostering equality, the research explores how it can contribute to building equitable and democratic societies when integrated with educational and participatory frameworks. The primary aim is to assess how sport can be effectively used to promote social justice through critical pedagogy and community capacity building. A qualitative approach was employed, focusing on five sport-for-development initiatives in Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with young participants, coaches, administrative staff, and community leaders, and analysed using thematic coding to identify key themes. The findings reveal that sport, combined with critical pedagogy, significantly enhances critical thinking, dialogue, and a sense of agency among participants. It also boosts personal development by improving self-esteem, discipline, and teamwork-skills crucial for civic engagement. Additionally, sport fosters social cohesion by uniting individuals from diverse backgrounds and promoting community resilience. However, the study identifies challenges such as inadequate facilities, lack of resources, and cultural barriers, particularly affecting women and girls, which must be addressed to maximise the impact of these programmes.
... Developing Initial Thematic Template. We independently applied the initial template to the rest of the data and allowed for new codes to emerge that represented similar ideas, issues, or relationships, while being careful to engage in constant comparison techniques (Glaser and Strauss 1967;Strauss and Corbin 1990) to triangulate comparative extracts from different participants. We met on a regular basis to discuss emergent codes and new insights from the literature. ...
The increase in natural and manmade disasters around the world in which organizations need to operate has brought the concept of organizational resilience to the forefront. To understand the role that HRM can play in fostering resilience in extreme contexts, we adopt a resource‐based lens through the conservation of resources theory, to explore how organizations protected, gained, and retained employees as their most valuable resources in the face of the extreme context of war. Specifically, we investigated the underlying mechanisms that allowed organizations operating in the extreme context of the Syrian civil war, to increase their and their employees' resilience through their HR departments. Using a qualitative interpretive approach based on the narratives of HR managers and employees working in Syria during the civil war, we explore the role of HRM in building individual and organizational resilience. Our findings point to two mechanisms that HR departments relied on to protect resources and acquire new ones. First, HR departments adopted relationality practices, enacted by their managers, focused on investing in employees' psychological capital and wellbeing. Second, HR departments leveraged technology for recruitment and training purposes to attract and develop employees. Additionally, the extreme context characterized by scarce resources may have triggered the “strategification” of HR departments and transformed them, into strategic partners playing a critical role in their respective organizations' survival. We contribute to the literature on organizational resilience by highlighting the important relational role HRM can play to foster individual and subsequently organizational resilience.
... After the 12 th interview, there were no new themes generated from the interviews. We conducted two additional interviews to ensure and confirm that no new themes were emerging (19,20).The transcription of these 14 interviews identified 8 major themes mentioned by the recipients. External and internal resources took a big place in our interviews because patients constantly addressed this theme during various questions that did not specifically relate to it. ...
Background
There is a need to improve knowledge of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the post-heart transplantation (HTx) period and the factors affecting it. This qualitative study aimed to identify the most important domains of HRQoL for heart transplant recipients and the factors that impact it.
Methods
This was a qualitative study across 5 geographically diverse large HTx centers in France from July 2022 to January 2023. We gathered a purposive sample of individuals who had undergone HTx. A face-to-face semi-structured interview guide was used for individual interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim.
Results
A total of 14 individuals (10 men) were interviewed. The data analysis led to the development of 8 main themes (with sub-themes) that were relevant to participants: HRQoL perception (mental health, physical capacity, symptoms and comorbidities), participants? experience during the HTx process, immunosuppressive treatments, relationship with the healthcare team, external and internal resources, socio-economic aspects and feelings about the donor. Recipients, spontaneously made connections between these themes.
Conclusions
Heart transplant recipients had diverse perceptions of their HRQoL in the post-HTx period. The rich variety of themes identified from the review highlights that recipients have a complex HRQoL profile which is not currently captured by standard HRQoL tools that are commonly employed. These aspects should be taken into account in the clinical follow-up and in the selection of the most appropriate Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs).
... In developing novel frameworks like OPRA for ISM, a comprehensive theoretical study is essential to establish its foundational structure, operational dynamics, and potential use cases. This approach, often termed theoretical framework development, enables in-depth conceptualization and systematic comparison with existing models before empirical testing [25][26][27][28]. Such groundwork is critical for innovative frameworks, allowing rigorous exploration of complex interdisciplinary benefits and strategic applications, which in turn prepare OPRA for effective integration into ISM settings and meaningful experimental validation. ...
... All participants provided informed consent in Luganda or English. Sample size was guided by the principle of saturation [34]. Given the interviews were focused on a specific topic of interest and conducted among a homogenous group of participants (e.g. ...
Background
Social and structural determinants of health (SDoH) are associated with tuberculosis (TB) outcomes but often unaddressed in TB care programs. We sought to describe the mechanism by which SDoH impact completion of TB diagnostic evaluation in Uganda using an implementation science framework rooted in behavioral theory.
Methods
Trained research staff interviewed 24 purposively sampled adults undergoing TB diagnostic evaluation at six community health centers in Uganda between February-August 2019. Framework analysis was used to construct themes linked to SDoH across the TB diagnostic evaluation cascade of care. Themes were then mapped to domains of the capability, opportunity, and motivation behavior change model (COM-B).
Results
Barriers related to SDoH were identified across the diagnostic evaluation cascade of care and associated with domains central to uptake of testing and treatment. These included: limited knowledge about TB diagnosis and treatment (psychological capability); low socioeconomic status and competing financial priorities (physical opportunity); internalized and anticipated stigma of TB diagnosis, lack of social support programs and limited social support/social capital (social opportunity, reflective motivation); trust (or distrust) in the government health facility to provide quality care (reflective motivation); and fear and shame about worsening poverty (automatic motivation). Facilitators to engagement with the TB cascade of care included encouragement from friends and family to seek testing (automatic motivation, social opportunity), and trust that healthcare providers were acting in their best interests (social opportunity).
Conclusions
Biomedical interventions alone are unlikely to address the spectrum of SDoH-related barriers to equitable completion of TB diagnostic evaluation. Linking barriers to a behavior change model such as COM-B may help guide the design and evaluation of appropriate people-centered strategies that integrate social and economic supports with clinical and public health programs or services.
... This phase involved four distinct steps. First, the first two authors individually read and coded the articles, keeping in mind their underpinning philosophical assumptions to inductively identify themes (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). Second, they compared their coding and reached a consensus on a shared classification of the themes emerging within each interpretation. ...
Design has become a prominent concept in entrepreneurship research and practice. However, previous literature has offered multiple, often divergent interpretations of the role of design in entrepreneurship. For example, studies have highlighted the benefits of adopting design thinking practices in entrepreneurial endeavours, using design science as a research method for studying entrepreneurship, and treating entrepreneurial opportunities as design artefacts that entrepreneurs can shape. Although this multitude of perspectives reflects the conceptual richness of design, it simultaneously complicates the accumulation of scholarly understanding. To address this issue, we have conducted a systematic literature review, uncovering the philosophical assumptions underpinning different interpretations of design in entrepreneurship: (i) design as ontology (entrepreneurship as design), (ii) design as epistemology (entrepreneurship research as design research), (iii) design as phenomenology (entrepreneurship as a means to design), (iv) design as logic (entrepreneurship by design), and (v) design as methodology (entrepreneurship through design). Further, we have identified five modes of inquiry that can guide future studies of design in entrepreneurship. The resulting interpretive framework contributes to entrepreneurship theory and practice by providing a foundation for more conscious and systematic research on design in entrepreneurship.
... Para la recolección y análisis de datos, el estudio se basó en los principios de la Teoría Fundamentada (Grounded Theory) desarrollada por Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967), utilizando una codificación manual en varias etapas con el propósito de organizar y sintetizar las experiencias de los facilitadores en el uso del método lancasteriano. Esta metodología permitió la generación de categorías emergentes a partir de los datos, respetando su naturaleza inductiva y contextual. ...
Este estudio, basado en un enfoque cualitativo de Investigación-Acción Participativa (IAP), explora cómo el método lancasteriano puede resignificarse en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje (EVA). El propósito de la investigación se enfocó en la gestión de grupos numerosos y el desarrollo de habilidades de liderazgo en facilitadores. Participaron 22 facilitadores que utilizaron la plataforma Moodle. Se implementaron técnicas de enseñanza mutua y aprendizaje colaborativo, organizadas en subgrupos. En los resultados se destacaron mejoras en las competencias de liderazgo y gestión de los facilitadores, aunque enfrentaron limitaciones técnicas que afectaron su desempeño. En las conclusiones se subraya que el método lancasteriano, adaptado al contexto virtual y respaldado en la formación tecnológica continua, puede ser una estrategia eficaz para la educación en línea, lo que refuerza la importancia de desarrollar competencias digitales.
Palabras clave: Entorno Virtual de Aprendizaje (EVA), método lancasteriano, Investigación-Acción Participativa (IAP), competencias de liderazgo, aprendizaje colaborativo.
Abstract
This study, based on a qualitative approach using Participatory Action Research (PAR), explores how the Lancasterian method can be redefined in Virtual Learning Environments (VLE). The research aimed to focus on managing large groups and developing leadership skills in facilitators. A total of 22 facilitators participated, utilizing the Moodle platform. Mutual teaching and collaborative learning techniques were implemented, organized into subgroups. The results highlighted improvements in leadership and management competencies among facilitators, although technical limitations were encountered that affected their performance. The conclusions emphasize that the Lancasterian method, adapted to the virtual context and supported by continuous technological training, can be an effective strategy for online education, reinforcing the importance of developing digital competencies.
... As the research problem is new and poorly researched, the qualitative study approach was implemented to better understand the dependencies, diversity and complexity of the situation (Kubiciel-Lodzińska, Maj, and David 2023). Recognising the complexity of contemporary careers; the dynamic, evolving, as well as fragmented nature of career studies (Baruch and Sullivan 2022); and the uniqueness of the research context, the study aimed to investigate the research problem without relying on any pre-established framework, but was instead based on grounded theory, a qualitative strategy suitable for exploring new or under-researched social phenomena (Glaser and Strauss 2017), contributing to the research field with results. In designing the research, we followed the recommendation of the need for more qualitative and innovative research in the career studies (Baruch and Sullivan 2022). ...
La comprensión fenomenológica se propone problematizar en torno al que fuera considerado uno de los puntos de partida sustantivos de la investigación cualitativa, en cuanto praxis que supone una modalidad de experiencia subjetiva no reductiva a la observación sensasionalista, propia de modelos más bien empiristas o positivistas.
La obra está conformada por cinco capítulos y un apéndice; los cuatro primeros capítulos fueron escritos por Fernando Proto Gutierrez, mientras que el resto obedece a distintas coautorías:
El Capítulo I, constituye una introducción a la controversia epistemológica entre explicación y comprensión, en la que se yuxtaponen las perspectivas teóricas de Schutz (1952), Winch (1958) y Bernstein (1983, 2013).
El Capítulo II, se propone caracterizar los aspectos más relevantes de la comprensión fenomenológica, en las versiones ya clásicas de Husserl y Heidegger.
Los Capítulos III y IV, abordan las lecturas críticas de Michel Henry y Agustín de la Riega a la fenomenología heideggeriana: en particular, a la diferencia ontológica y al dar-se apriorístico de la realidad fenoménica.
El Capítulo V, fue escrito por el filósofo argentino Matías Ahumada. En este caso, presenta el abordaje crítico de Lévinas, Henry y Kusch, en orden a señalar una realidad básica que no entra a priori en el juego del conocer en cuanto tal, e impone su verdad independientemente del poder de conformación que pueda llegar a tener la intencionalidad cognoscente y reflexiva propia de la fenomenología.
El Capítulo V y el Apéndice constituyen casos de estudio investigados por Fernando Proto Gutierrez, Miriam López, Marcelo Barrera, Marta José y Marina Franco. Estos casos incluyeron una lectura marco-conceptual estructurada a partir de categorías propias de la fenomenología.
La comprensión fenomenológica puede leerse como una propedéutica a la metodología de la investigación cualitativa, en los términos en que este tipo de comprensión se muestra, en la bibliografía académica, como sustantiva para definir las condiciones de posibilidad de objetivación científica llevada a cabo tanto por las ciencias sociales como por las naturales.
The training of young doctors is one of the pillars of collective health. Medical training involves intense study, life-and-death experiences, rituals, and a complex network of emotions. This article examines the emotional ecology of a group of young doctors in training (degree students and resident doctors) from four Latin American countries: Salvador, Colombia, Brazil, and Argentina. In the context of the sociology of emotions, and utilizing qualitative research strategies, the project involved the participating students and doctors taking photographs that express what they felt when caring for their patients in the context of their training. The paper’s main objective is to highlight how a qualitative sociological strategy that leverages the creativity of subjects under stress, attempting to capture their own experience in a photo, can help us to understand the emotions experienced by young doctors in the course of their practice. Medical training intersects with a politics of sensibilities in which the goal of “healing others” is imperative, yet the material resources to solve it are insufficient. Social phantoms and fantasies emerge in this place of conflict in students’ bodies and emotions. The article invites us to consider the connections between public health, society, emotions, and professional education.
Violence and harassment at the workplace – not only, but especially against women – are still an important issue. Despite societal awareness, women experience violence particularly frequently at work and in their private lives/families. What does violence mean in these contexts? The authors discuss theoretical foundations, empirical findings, and political options for action from sociological, political science, psychological, nursing science, jurisprudence, and practice-oriented perspectives. In this way, an interdisciplinary ‘kaleidoscopic picture’ of different violent situations, explanatory patterns, and consequences unfolds. With contributions by Ruth Abramowski | Guido Becke | Margrit Brückner | Thorsten Fehr | Vera Gallistl | Grit Höppner | Fatma Karakaş | Renate Klein | Annika Koppe | Christel Krumbruck | Joachim Lange | Sylke Meyerhuber | Marie Püffel | Ursula Rust | Arn Sauer | Klaus Schlichte | Iris Stahlke | Anna Wanka
Muhasebe etiği, mesleğin güvenilirliğini ve kamu güvenini korumak için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, muhasebe meslek mensuplarının etik algılarını ve karşılaştıkları etik ikilemleri anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Mülakatlar 8 katılımcı (Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavir) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada tematik analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, müşteri talepleri, iş yükü, ücret tarifesi ve haksız rekabet gibi faktörlerin, meslek mensuplarını etik dışı davranışlara zorlayabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle ücret tarifesine uyulmaması ve haksız rekabetin, katılımcılar tarafından en önemli etik problem olarak dile getirildiği görülmüştür. Meslek mensupları, meslektaşlar arası uygulamalardaki etik dışı durumları vurgularken, kendi uygulamalarındaki etik sorunları tartışmaktan genellikle kaçınmışlardır. Araştırmada, müşteri taleplerinin etik ikilemlerle güçlü bir ilişki içinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Müşterilerin özellikle daha düşük vergi çıkarma talepleri, muhasebecilerin karşılaştığı temel etik baskılar arasında yer almıştır. İş yükünün fazlalığı etik dışı davranışlara neden olmakta ve dolayısıyla meslek itibarını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Katılımcılar, meslek itibarının; ücret tarifesine uyulmaması, vergi kaçırma algısı ve haksız rekabet gibi faktörlerle zedelendiğini ifade etmişlerdir. Genel olarak, meslek mensuplarının etik sorunlara yönelik özeleştiri yapmak yerine, dışsal faktörlere odaklandığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Self-management interventions are becoming more prevalent for individuals aiming to prevent dementia. However, the effectiveness of this approach is heavily shaped by health beliefs. This study seeks to investigate Chinese older adults’ knowledge and health beliefs about dementia prevention and examine the unique characteristics and transformations of Chinese culture with their associated implications. These insights aim to inform the development of more effective prevention strategies. Using the informed grounded theory approach, guided by the health belief model, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 42 older adults. The conceptual framework centered on three themes, allowing the identification of both barriers and facilitators to dementia prevention. These factors reflect the cultural influences on dementia prevention, including positive cultural transformations: the decline of traditional superstitions, the emergence of modern scientific thinking, the shift from negative to positive aging paradigms, and the growing acceptance of digital technologies among older adults. At the same time, traditional cultural elements—such as aversion to illness, fear of death, and the importance placed on “mianzi”—persist in reinforcing the stigma associated with dementia. Moreover, collectivist values exert dual influences, both facilitating and inhibiting individual health behaviors.
This paper presents an examination of the online backlash against Lisa, a member of the K-pop girl group Blackpink, triggered by her decision to perform in a burlesque club. It explores how feminist counterpublics operate within Asian fan communities in discussions concerning the visibility of female celebrities. Employing critical discourse analysis (CDA) in our study, we examined gender, power, and ideology in feminist discourse surrounding Lisa’s action, paying close attention to how feminism is negotiated within counterpublics of online communities. Analysis of 22 Facebook posts and accompanying comments from Vietnamese K-pop fan groups and pages revealed how feminist discourse in Vietnamese online fan communities is deeply intertwined with cultural preservation, social responsibility, and class considerations. Reflecting broader societal tensions between individualism and collectivism, as well as between Western and Asian values through varied interpretation of feminism within a discursive framework, this contextualization builds on existing scholarship of how feminist discourse is shaped and contested in non-Western settings.
Locality is an important foundation of local characteristics and image, encompassing the natural qualities and inherent cultural features of a place. Researching the process and mechanism behind the reconstruction of locality in Miao silver ornament, under the context of tourism development, holds significant importance for the inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritage. This article is based on the theory of locality, utilize grounded theory to process interview transcript data and find that: (1) Tourism has transformed Miao silver ornaments in Qiandongnan from everyday decorations to core elements in tourism performances, this process has expanded their usage scenarios and reshaping the landscape space of Xijiang Miao Village; (2) Within the social context constructed by Miao silver ornaments, traditional craftsmanship and patterns provide a basis for individual and ethnic identity recognition, further establishing connections between individuals and groups, as well as between people and place in space-time; (3) Miao silver ornaments serve not only as material representations of primal religious beliefs but also as significant symbols of culture and ethnic identity; (4) Miao silver ornaments carry profound familial and cultural emotional identity. Through tourism activities, this emotional identity is concretely manifested in Xijiang Miao Village, becoming a bond between individuals and their ethnic group. To promote the protection, inheritance, and development of Miao silver ornaments, various measures can be taken, such as encouraging master silversmiths to conduct Miao silver forging workshops, regularly organizing silver ornament cultural festivals, developing integrated online and offline display platforms, and introducing silver ornament culture-related courses in local primary and secondary schools.
The implementation of ambidextrous innovation in project organizations within
the cultures of the Global South, such as Saudi Arabia, is a significant problem. Organizational
culture is positioned as a key factor that can help project organizations in cultures
such as Saudi Arabia to implement ambidexterity as a key innovation framework. However,
knowledge of ambidextrous innovations in such an important cultural and organizational
context is highly limited. Thus, the aim of the present research is to explore key cultural
aspects and themes based on action and a grounded theory research approach that can
help organizations employ projects as a key work structure to implement ambidextrous
innovations in project management offices (PMOs) in Saudi Arabia. To achieve this aim,
the current study employed in-depth semi-structured interviews with 36 participants. The
results, employing open coding procedures as a tool of data analysis using the NVivo 14.0
software package, revealed 62 key cultural aspects that can be critical in implementing the
innovation of ambidexterity. To further validate and triangulate the findings, inter-rater
reliability was undertaken with the help of two experts, and two sessions of focus group
discussions were also conducted. The first session of the focus group helped us critically
evaluate and filter the cultural aspects, resulting in the final 56 key cultural aspects. The
second focus group session was undertaken with participants with the aim of grouping
aspects into theoretical themes, which resulted in 10 themes. The research is novel in
that it addresses both project organizations and the culture of the Global South, including
Saudi Arabia. Empirical research needs to be conducted to predict and achieve other key
outcomes.
Introduction
Increasing smoking cessation among American Indian (AI) persons is a critical equity goal.
Aims and Methods
During 2022, AI persons (N = 46) were interviewed on perceptions of existing and novel cessation approaches. Intention to use each approach was assessed and questions started with “cold turkey” and then queried about the following: nicotine patches, gum, lozenges (NRT); prescription medications; plant-based medications; personalized medicine; e-cigarettes; and nicotine reduction standard (NRS).
Results
Perspectives informed the identification of six crosscutting themes which were (a) environmental constraints, (b) addictiveness and side effects, (c) effectiveness of approach, (d) interpersonal influence, (e) duration or requirements of approach, and (f) novelty. Plant-based medications were viewed as natural, less likely to cause side effects, and aligned with AI cultures. Regarding NRT, many participants talked about positive word-of-mouth but noted concerns about effectiveness, side effects, and price. Regarding personalized medicine, many indicated curiosity, but some noted it would delay treatment and was too extreme to share a sample. Common perspectives for cold turkey were its drug-free nature and cost savings, but some noted it does not address cravings. Regarding the NRS, many were supportive, although some were concerned with compensatory smoking and what else remains in the cigarettes.
Conclusions
Themes translated to the greatest proportion of participants stating they would use plant-based medications followed by NRT and personalized medicine. Fewer participants reported intent to use prescription medications and e-cigarettes which reflect greater concerns with these approaches.
Implications
Results can inform tribal and other public health programming and communication efforts to increase smoking cessation among AI persons and help drive down disparities.
Business-to-business (B2B) software-as-a-service (SaaS) providers increasingly bundle add-on services with their core service. The implications of such bundles for onboarding customers to the relationship remain unclear; in particular, the common practice of trying to maximize add-on bundling during the customer acquisition phase arguably might conflict with goals to achieve long-term retention of customers. The current study therefore focuses explicitly on the impact of add-on bundling on customer retention during the onboarding stage, using multiple methods. A theories-in-use exploration suggests that the positive effects of add-on bundling may not manifest in the initial relational stage of customer onboarding. A field study involving a B2B SaaS provider further reveals that bundling more add-on services can significantly decrease customer retention during the onboarding stage. Moving to leaner communication channels can aggravate such attrition. Finally, a cross-industry survey of B2B managers identifies complexity perceptions as the likely source of these detrimental effects of add-on bundling during the customer onboarding stage.
Most fraud research in accounting has focused on controls rather than offenders' subjective experience, meaning that our understanding of motive in fraud (defined as linguistic devices employed to justify, interpret, or excuse actions) remains underexplored. This is particularly the case for employee fraud, which has been largely neglected relative to top management fraud or financial statement fraud. To provide a richer understanding of how fraud offenders make sense of their offending, we interviewed 30 serious employee fraud offenders to better investigate their typal vocabularies of motive. We focus on holistic narrative accounts to provide insights into the common justifications and excuses presented by employee fraud offenders. We develop a taxonomy of narrative constructions based on the explanatory locus of the accounts offered by offenders. We identify three common justifications, (1) inconsequentiality motives, (2) permission motives, and (3) unfair treatment motives, and three common excuses, (4) personal crisis motives, (5) addiction motives, and (6) appeasement motives. We draw implications for researching fraud, organizational control, and ethics in accounting education.
Children and youth in foster care experience negative educational outcomes in K-12 education compared to the general population. Federal policies mandate professionals engage in collaborative practice to address educational challenges, but barriers can inhibit effective interprofessional collaboration. To identify these barriers, interviews and focus groups were held with school professionals, child welfare professionals, and professional caregivers in an urban county in a Southwest state ( N = 22). Six themes were identified: little to no timely communication; limited time and conflicting schedules; confusion about systems and roles; competing priorities or agendas of systems; mistrust, fear, and power differentials; and biases toward other professionals. Findings highlight areas of support needed to improve collaborative practice to promote educational equity for children and youth in foster care.
Sustainability and digitalization represent two megatrends that profoundly impact companies, particularly those in manufacturing industries, shaping their competitive advantage and long-term market success. While there is a need for companies to converge both megatrends strategically, practitioners and scholars lack a comprehensive framework so far. This study grasps this urgent call by addressing the question of how sustainability and digitalization can be strategically integrated into the dual transformation of manufacturing corporations. Therefore, we adopt the Design Science Research (DSR) approach and collect data from a literature review and semi-structured interviews with expert practitioners. Grounded in a holistic understanding of sustainability, we derive a reference model for the dual transformation permeating all facets of business operations that includes the interdependence and strategic integration of sustainable digitalization and sustainability by digitalization. By leveraging this model, scholars and practitioners can navigate the complexities of dual transformation.
Background: Engel's biopsychosocial model has long advanced our understanding of how biological, psychological, and social factors influence health and illness. However, its exclusion of ecological dimensions omits food studies and food systems from its analyses, thereby limiting the scope and efficacy of research, restricting communication, and preventing effective implementation of policy into practice. Aim: Using an expert-informed grounded theory approach, we propose developing an eco-biopsychosocial framework that includes the ecological context in which biological, psychological, and social factors operate. In this article, we report findings from expert interviews in which our objective was to explore the benefits, limitations, and opportunities associated with current biopsychosocial modeling. Methods: Using purposive sampling, we conducted interviews with leaders at community food organizations, healthcare professionals, researchers, and educators. Results: We analyzed interviews using naturalistic qualitative data analysis and identified themes related to the benefits of biopsychosocial framing and the strengths of current biopsychosocial frameworks. We also identified four thematic dimensions along which current models reveal significant deficits: (1) social inequities as systemic root causes of illness; (2) agency and ability as drivers of engagement in the food system; (3) traditional knowledge and historical connections to food and land as conveyors of agency; and (4) human-nature nonduality as a guide to patient and community care. Conclusion: Incorporating an eco-dimension into the model would integrate, more effectively, food studies into research, program design, and clinical practice. Future work will explore how this eco-biopsychosocial model can reduce current practical gaps in recognizing and responding to food system effects.
Principals plays a decisive role in shaping school culture. First, based on teachers’ perceptions, this research explores indicators that differentiate schools with a positive culture from those with a negative culture. Second, it investigates potential perceptual differences between teachers and principals regarding school culture. The research approach is a grounded theory, utilizing unstructured interviews with principals, semi-structured interviews with school teachers, and observations conducted over a two-month period. The study population includes teachers and principals from eight secondary schools. From this population, the study sample consists of 12 principals and 137 teachers. The study findings evidenced that schools with a positive culture stand out for fostering a culture of cooperation among staff, celebrating school achievements, and collaborating in groups to develop curricular plans and programs. Furthermore, schools with a positive culture maintain strong connections with the community through participation in local ceremonies and adherence to community customs. The study concludes that the actions taken by leaders are closely associated with changes in school culture over time. Schools characterized by a positive culture cultivate a benevolent and productive environment, fostering satisfaction among staff. In contrast, schools with a negative culture often exhibit manifestations such as indifference, fragmentation, interpersonal conflicts, and a lack of job satisfaction.
The management of solid waste from its collection to disposal is a widespread issue all around the world. This is a stinging issue in the rural and urban areas of the developing and developed states of the world. The mismanagement in Pakistan in the context of solid waste is required to be recognized because it is not only affecting the health of the public but also affecting the health of the environment. Therefore, this study conducts qualitative research methodology and conducted interviews with mega cities’ solid waste management officials and waste pickers, for analyzing uses Grounded theory through the lens of thematic analysis to highlight how public value is being destroyed by the mismanagement of solid waste in Pakistan. This study inspects and critically analyzes the effects of corruption, mismanagement, lawlessness, lack of accountability, budgetary issues, health, environmental and social inequalities issues, and no proper methods for the disposal of solid waste as the major causes thatare destroying public value. The study emphasizes the significance of community awareness and active public participation in enhancing solid waste management practices. It also emphasizes the need for robust institutional frameworks and stricter enforcement of regulations to mitigate the risks associated with improper waste management. Moreover, the need for combined efforts by policymakers as well as governments, communities, and all relevant stakeholders is highlighted in the research to address the issue of sole waste management in developing states. To achieve a sustainable model for solid waste management that is able to protect the environment and public health, it is important to promote recycling, increase public awareness as well as improve waste segregation.
Smoke-free homes (SFHs) reduce secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe), which is particularly crucial where smoking prevalence is high and public smoke-free policies are nascent, as in some low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study examined perspectives regarding SFHs, including barriers and facilitators, among adults in Armenia, a LMIC with high male smoking prevalence and recently-implemented smoke-free policies. In February–March 2024, focus groups were conducted with adults reporting smoking and non-smoking, separately, in two Armenian communities ( n = 39; M age = 41.00, 46.2% female, 61.5% married, 74.4% children in household). Data were examined using thematic analysis. All participants reporting smoking ( n = 18) were male, non-smoking participants ( n = 21) were primarily (87.5%) female, 53.8% had no SFH restrictions and 12.8% partial. Commonly, smoking was allowed for certain people (e.g. guests) or rooms/spaces (e.g. kitchen, balcony). Common SFH motives were health of children and vulnerable adults (e.g. pregnant women). Salient challenges included high male smoking rates paired with hierarchical gender roles. When asked about strategies to promote SFHs, many suggested leveraging children by involving them in a SFH intervention or emphasizing SHSe’s impact on children. While some suggested empowering women as change agents, others suggested targeting men. It is crucial that SFH interventions for Armenian households address Armenia’s specific characteristics, such as high male smoking rates and more hierarchical social dynamics. Effective SFH interventions for Armenia may serve as models for other countries with similar characteristics.
Corporate carbon neutrality (CCN) is a growing initiative that businesses are pursuing to combat climate change by lowering carbon emissions. Companies' commitment, decisions, and actions to achieve carbon neutrality goals significantly impact communities and economies in the long run. Accordingly, gaining a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the dynamics of achieving carbon neutrality at the firm level, encompassing both emission reduction strategies and the negative emission solutions they implement, is progressively becoming pivotal. This study used inductive and qualitative research approaches to collect data using open-ended essays from forty-eight managers working in the transportation, energy, manufacturing, and construction (TEMC) industry. It employed the Gioia approach due to its ability to facilitate the acquisition of insights and the development of theory based on evidence. The focus was on the organizational factors and constraints that either aided or obstructed the achievement of the CCN goals. The study contributes to early firm-centered research on multinational enterprises (MNEs) by unraveling the critical underlying mechanisms that cause firm-level heterogeneous performance in achieving carbon neutrality through implementing 'negative emissions solutions.' It has been found that firms prefer carbon sink projects as a convenient and efficient natural climate solution because they contribute significantly to carbon sequestration. The study identified incorporating carbon neutrality into the organization's vision as a significant milestone. Similarly, three primary motives for firms to achieve carbon neutrality are value proposition, technological viability, and financial feasibility. Financing is an organization's main barrier in adopting carbon capture and storage technologies. Companies have indicated internal issues, including financial reservations, operational concerns, governance concerns, and technological and human problems while implementing negative emission solutions and reductions.
This study explores sexual harassment experienced by women in the public spaces of Kathmandu, Nepal, with a focus on their emotional responses and the mediating resources they employ to cope with such experiences. Theoretically, the study draws on the sensibilities of emotions that result from violence by examining the women’s understanding to perceive, interpret, and respond to emotions in a manner that helps them manage their presence in public spaces. Data were collected from semi-structured individual and group interviews with women who frequently used public spaces. Adopting a constructivist approach, the findings discuss three sub-themes: (1) the emotional impacts of sexual harassment, encompassing a wide range of emotions among respondents; (2) responses to these emotions and incidents through freeze, flight, and fight mechanisms; and (3) the coping strategies and social support mechanisms utilized to deal with the situation. This research significantly contributes to our understanding of the convergence of the sociology of emotions with gender-based violence, with specific attention to sensibilities, in rapidly transforming societies.
This study aimed to evaluate the role of AI in preschool from the perspective of preschool teachers. The research group consisted of 101 preschool teachers. The study group was selected according to the easily accessible case sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods. The study was a phenomenology, which is a qualitative research design. Qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. Data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. As a result of the analyses, the participants stated they did not feel sufficient regarding Al literacy and competencies. The participants also emphasized that using AI in preschool was appropriate and would improve children’s skills, such as AI literacy and computational thinking. Moreover, they stated that using AI in preschool would cause privacy and security concerns for different reasons, such as not protecting personal data, using children’s pictures, and providing false and misleading information. The participants stated that they were worried about the implementation process of Al due to lack of content knowledge, lack of infrastructure, physical structure of the classroom, and lack of materials. In addition, participants emphasized that if the existing concerns were eliminated, AI could be easily integrated into the preschool period. In addition, it was determined that most participants had problems in modeling and drawing a model related to AI.
Digitalization and global disruptions have fundamentally changed how we approach work. Global virtual work has become increasingly widespread in recent years, often replacing or complementing traditional expatriation and international business travel. To advance our understanding of this phenomenon, we systematically reviewed the literature on global virtual work, distinguishing it into three domains: global virtual teams, distributed work, and the use of digital technologies. For each domain, we examined key actors, their objectives, underlying theories, methodologies, and findings. The first domain provides insights into the antecedents, moderators, and mediators of the effectiveness of global virtual teams. The second domain explores individual and organizational research on diverse distributed work arrangements, such as offshoring, global platforms, and global nomads. The third domain addresses the enabling and moderating roles that digital technologies play in facilitating global virtual work. Synthesizing prior research, we developed a multilevel conceptual framework that integrates inputs, processes, and outcomes of global virtual work, offering novel perspectives. We outlined promising opportunities for future research across four themes: people, technology, context, and time. Additionally, we examined the practical implications of our findings for policymakers, managers, and individual workers as they navigate the evolving landscape of global virtual work.
This paper examines the embodied aesthetic experiences of late-blind individuals during tactile engagements with Enrico Castellani’s Pseudo-Braille Surface artwork. The study applies a mixed computational-qualitative approach, utilizing the Atlas-Ti software for semantic analysis of interviews with 21 participants. Categories emerging from the analysis suggest a vivid relationship between touch, mental imagery, emotional well-being, and the creation of meaning. Key findings demonstrate a transformation from a traditional pedagogical approach to an immersive aesthetic experience, marked by a significant meta-cognitive shift, transitioning from practical understanding to haptic contemplation and narrative digression. Sometimes, participants initially experience negative well-being due to difficulties in interpreting tactile stimuli, but this evolves into positive well-being as they engage in an imaginative process, invoking autobiographical memories and personal narratives. The study reveals that this personal and relational encounter with original art enables participants to overcome initial feelings of inadequacy, unlock creative freedom, and attain emotional well-being. The participants’ experiences are interpreted in the light of Walter Benjamin’s notion of Aura, unveiling the unique and authentic interaction between viewer and artwork in the realm of haptic perception. The results advocate for the inclusion of tactile aesthetics in art appreciation, emphasizing the potential for aesthetic experiences to contribute to the well-being and empowerment of visually impaired individuals.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.