ArticlePDF Available

"Legal dilemmas of Estonian artificial intelligence strategy: in between of e-society and global race"

Authors:
Tanel Kerikmäe at Tallinn University of Technology
Tanel Kerikmäe
Evelin Pärn-Lee at Tallinn University of Technology
Evelin Pärn-Lee
Download full-text PDF
Read full-text
Download citation
Content uploaded by Tanel Kerikmäe
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Tanel Kerikmäe on Jul 24, 2020
Content may be subject to copyright.
https://link.springer.com/epdf/10.1007/s00146-020-01009-8?
sharing_token=yHpnk0ooqVr7lSbm8qHUave4RwlQNchNByi7wbcMAY72CfX3oO
RGy7HsdOCupyXKnPWI2wG8XssTHtPKBeJxwly9f7FUwzZjQoodGoRplhevodAP
OiZRe9ehDoqRW52tPjaMYjFVW-YnT5tuJeQjCX8XY71lJYRhABNxmx-bz28%3D
... Through national laws on AI and data protection, the recommendation still needs to be enacted and put into effect. Less than two-thirds of countries in the globe have privacy laws that guarantee that personal data of residents being subject to strict protections and restrictions (Kerikmäe & Pärn-Lee, 2021;Dwivedi et al., 2021). Beyond such general guidelines, policymakers in the education sector need to gain a deeper understanding of the particular ethical problems that arise from the use of AI in education, such as its reliance on specific pedagogies, and offer actionable advice on how to control the use of student data, prevent algorithm discrimination, limit the use of intrusive AI tools, and support human agency in AI supported learning environments (Miao & Holmes, 2022;Park, Ahn, Hosanagar, & Lee, 2022). ...
Artificial Intelligence Educational Pedagogy Development: ICT Pedagogy Development for Education 5.0
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2024
The current digital society has witnessed important developments in robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) research being applied to several spheres of life in order to address multitude of issues. While there are numerous studies on human-robot collaboration on low- and high-level tasks with a focus on robot development, in the current study, the chapter focused on organizational issues arising from human-robot co-working on education and research with particular reference to research and education network (REN) for universities as leverage to human capital development.The chapter identified critical issues in the current REN and tried to solve them with human-robot collaboration from an organizational and pedagogical normalization perspective. The research described an AI-powered instructional robotics application and the development process that the current society can participate and impact the AI pedagogic literacy using deep learning, introducing organizational robotics research studies with an emphasis on education and human capital expansion.
View
... This sincerity question is a well-known yet severe problem in general; it is notoriously difficult to audit proprietary automatic decision-making systems [69]. And once again, the problem is not merely about auditing; it is about the use of private sector systems for public sector services [35,38,63]. In fact, the system W uses also a third proprietary system, W * * , which translates the documents. ...
The GDPR Enforcement Fines at Glance
Preprint
  • Nov 2020
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) came into force in 2018. After this enforcement, many fines have already been imposed by national data protection authorities in Europe. This paper examines the individual GDPR articles referenced in the enforcement decisions, as well as predicts the amount of enforcement fines with available meta-data and text mining features extracted from the enforcement decision documents. According to the results, articles related to the general principles, lawfulness, and information security have been the most frequently referenced ones. Although the amount of fines imposed vary across the articles referenced, these three particular articles do not stand out. Furthermore, a better statistical evidence is available with other meta-data features, including information about the particular European countries in which the enforcements were made. Accurate predictions are attainable even with simple machine learning techniques for regression analysis. Basic text mining features outperform the meta-data features in this regard. In addition to these results, the paper reflects the GDPR's enforcement against public administration obstacles in the European Union (EU), as well as discusses the use of automatic decision-making systems in judiciary.
View
Automated Decision-Making in The EU Member State’s Public Administration: The Compliance of Automated Decisions of the Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund with Estonian Administrative Procedure Law
Article
Full-text available
  • Jul 2024
Automated process control has been used for a long time. Innovation and information technology achievements have made it possible to use automation in the State governance. Algorithm-based automated decisions are integral part of the concept of e-Government. Automated decisions are becoming more and more prevalent in modern society of the EU. Using automated decisions in public administration is a challenge for Administrative Law, because it has to evolve and keep up with the usage of new technologies, keep the legal balance between the cost-efficiency and operational flexibility of the State in general and at the same time ensure the protection of rights of individuals in each Member State and in the EU as a whole. Estonia is EU Member State and its public sector uses automated decisions but there are no direct legal provisions regarding what automated decision is, what are the conditions for issuing them, what are the safeguards to avoid the violation of rights of individuals etc. The right to issue automated decision is based only on the authorisation norm stipulated in a specific act regulating the field of activity of administrative authority. The Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund is one of the administrative authorities which issues automated decisions in its field of activity. The aim of this paper is to examine and find out whether the automated decisions used by Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund comply with the general principles of administrative procedure and the EU rules on data protection but also to identify aspects where legal adjustment is needed and propose legislative amendments. The paper is based on the analysis of relevant scientific books, articles, legal acts, supported by relevant case law and other sources.
View
Intelligent Response System for Indian Law: An Approach to Women Security
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2023
The advancement of science and technology has seized the attention of society for the Automated Response System. It helps end users in resolving their queries by disabling the constraint of physical presence. Nowadays, though use of interactive automated agents is common in various sectors including cultural, medical, educational, marketing and others, however, it is still not familiar in the field of law. The huge population of India has led to an increase in legal cases due to shortage of legal professional and also lack of legal knowledge amongst citizens. In this paper, the authors have provided a potential solution by proposing an interactive automated based agent named 'Avyanna' for women related legal support. This automated agent is capable of answering any legal-based queries that is either rule-based or artificial intelligence-based. It is basically a one-stop solution for women related legal issues mainly focusing on automated response system that can answer any legal queries and Indian Penal Code (IPC) sections related to violence against women. Other features include 'Police Calling' Button, 'Ambulance Calling' Button, Contact List of Lawyers that can be filtered on location basis, 'Fire Service Calling' Button, 'Medical Helpline' Button, 'Child Helpline' Button, 'Women Rights' Button that provides legal information related to women rights, and 'IPC Sections' Button that give a clear view of all the Indian Penal Code (IPC) sections related to violence against women. In the recent technological era smart home is one of the most popular technologies for making our life easy and it also provide more safety to the householders. This chatbot can be used with the smart home to give some extra safety for woman when they are alone at home. It can help to them to contact with the police or any emergency contacts very easily.
View
View
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.