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TIPOLOGI PELAKSANAAN KEWAJIBAN NAFKAH LAHIR SUAMI YANG BERSTATUS NARAPIDANA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM (Studi Analisis Interpretasi Teori Qira’ah Mubadalah)
Abstract
Obligations of conjugal need by a husband, also with the issue of responsibility and the husband's condition to provided. As a prisoner makes a polemic to be provided obligation of the husband. the loss of independence and restrictions on movement cant liability, for physically and mentally. Through this research there are can be discussed; first, how to implement the obligations of a prisoner's husband's conjugal need, and how to understand of living according to Islamic law views this crucial issue. The aim to find the burden of conjugal need status the implication by a husband, which becomes constrained and then as a prisoner. This study was analyzed using a sociological-empirical approach. The results obtained from this study, there are three typologies in the implementation of livelihood obligations of husbands who are prisoners in Rutan Batusangkar; First, implemented with the business going on, and producing. The second is not implemented, the provision of income is inadequate, and the third is not carried out, the opposite is the case, the wife always spends her husband during the criminal period. The view of Islamic law in this case doesnt contradictions, although other side liability for the husband must be fulfilled. Islam seen this with two legal standing, the first is the obligation to maintain a living on the typology of implementation. Second, conjugal need obligations fall and become debt to the typology of the implementation of less and not implemented.
This research aims to reconceptualize Muhammad Syahrur's views on the meaning of qiwamah. Muhammad Syahrur stated that the person most worthy of being qiwamah in the household is a woman. This view is different from the Jumhur Ulama which states that the leader in the household is a man. Does Shahrur's thoughts support the world feminist movement? This library research was carried out by examining books related to the research problem. Primary data sources are the books Al Kitab Wa Al Qur'an and Nahwa Ushul Jadidah Li Al-Fiqh Al-Islami by Muhammad Syahrur. Secondary data sources were obtained from other fiqh books and journals related to the problems in this paper. Descriptive analysis uses the content analysis method. The results of the research found that Syahrur is of the view that qiwamah can be played by husband or wife, as long as it has stability in the economic sector and the characteristics of qiwamah, namely shalihat, qanitat and hafizat; because these qiwamah qualities were firmly instilled by Allah, as qualities possessed by women, the ones most worthy of being appointed as qiwamah are women; Even though Syahrur only relies on linguistic analysis, and ignores the study of the context of the Asbab al Nuzul verse, resulting in inconsistencies and meanings that seem forced, Shahrur's thoughts seem to have given encouragement to the feminist movement in the world. Muhammad Shahrur's breakthrough feminist thought influenced the thinking of Muslim women in the world. This can be seen from the change in their mindset, who no longer want to simply follow or be controlled by men. Contemporary Islamic thinkers agree to provide leadership to men and women with conditions, but they do not say that women are the main leaders.
Nafkah adalah kewajiban seorang suami, namun suami terkena pidana yang menyebabkan dia dipenjara,maka status kewajibannya berubah tergantung beberapa hal, dan penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif.
The COVID-19 pandemic has a multidimensional impact, including threatening family resilience. Psychological pressure, as well as an increase in the burden of household domestic work due to concentrated activities (work, school) at home, can give rise to family conflicts that lead to domestic violence and divorce. This study aims to offer a Mubadalah concept as a perspective and methodology in building family resilience. The results show that (1) Mubadalah is a perspective of reciprocity between men and women in carrying out their gender roles both in the domestic and public area so that one does not hegemonize over another but a relationship that supports, cooperates, and helps each other; (2) Mubadalah can be a method of reading texts and contexts around family issues; and (3) Mubadalah is an Islamic moderating perspective between gender and patriarchal regimes. This perspective allows for a balanced relationship and partnership between the two sexes and is not just a transformation of thoughts from patriarchy to matriarchy. Through approach a companionship and non-hierarchical relationship between family members, family resilience can be built.
This research aims to identify the divorce tradition in Lombok Muslim life and find solutions to the problems occurring. This is field research using observation, interview, and documentation methods. In this study, the researchers directly observed and interviewed audiences. Moreover, the researchers discovered some problems of Muslim divorce tradition in Lombok Island, namely, the report from a husband to a religious personage or community leader about the divorce between him and his wife. The second problem is pecelekan (bringing back a woman to her parents after her husband has divorced her). The third problem is eliminating the man’s livelihood responsibility after divorcing his wife. In Lombok Island, the divorce can automatically stop the relationship between the husband and wife. In other words, there is no responsibility anymore for a husband after a husband says divorce to his wife. However, separation of spouse by divorce in Islam does not automatically abolish the husband’s responsibilities. The woman in ‘iddah period still obtains her rights. Nevertheless, in Lombok, divorce causes the divorced wife to lose her rights. This research contributes to finding two solutions to solve these problems. The first way is by socializing intensively with all of society, and the second is through the active role of religious personage to control women’s rights in Lombok society.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk meegetahui tentang budaya talak/cerai dalam kehidupan muslim di Lombok dan untuk mencari solusi atas permasalahan yang ditemukan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, yaitu peneliti secara langsung turun ke lapangan untuk mengobservasi dan menginterview pelaku talak. Dalam Penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan permasalahan-permasalahan tentang budaya talak muslim di Pulau Lombok. Permsalahan-permasalahan tersebut adalah sebagai berikut; Pertama: Laporan Laki-laki kepada Tuan Guru atau Tokoh Masyarakat tentang telah terjadinya talak antara dia (suami) dengan istrinya. Kedua, melakukan budaya pecelekan yaitu mengembalikan perempuan kepada orangtuanya setelah terjadinya talak. Ketiga, menghilangkan tanggungjawab seorang suami pada istrinya yang tertalak setelah seorang laki-laki mentalak istrinya. Di Pulau Lombok, talak itu bisa membuat hubungan antara suami dan istri terhenti secara otomatis. Jadi, tidak ada lagi tanggungjawab bagi seorang suami setelah seorang suami mengucapkan talak pada istrinya. Padahal perpisahan pasangan dengan talak dalam Islam tidak menghilangkan tanggungjawab suami. Perempuan yang masih dalam masa iddah harusnya masih memperoleh hak-haknya. Tetapi di Lombok, Talak menyebabkan hak-hak istri yang tertalak hilang. Penelitian ini memberikan solusi sebagai berikut; pertama: melakukan sosialisasi secara terus-menerus pada masyarakat tentang hukum yang benar. Kedua, memberikan peran kepada tuan guru atau tokoh masyarakat untuk mengontrol hak-hak perempuan, sehingga budaya talak yang menghilangkan hak-hak perempuan tidak terulang Kembali di masyarakat Lombok.
This article discusses the division of roles between husband and wife during a pandemic in the Mubadalah perspective. Due to the coronavirus, there are changes in social life, including family life, which impacts the division of roles between husband and wife in domestic life. The Mubadalah is a concept that discusses gender equality by emphasizing the principle of mutual benefit from two people who are related. Women and men have the same rights and opportunities to take part in the public and domestic sphere and take advantage of all life aspects. This research aimed to determine and analyze the division of roles between husband and wife during the pandemic from the Mubadalah perspective. This research was qualitative field research. The data was collected through interviews and documentation, then analyzed with deductive reasoning. This research concluded the roles of husband and wife in the family during this pandemic were according to the agreement between husband and wife in the economy, educate children, fand house chores. That was based on the conditions and situations faced by the couple. The husbands’ role was still dominant in economic fulfillment. However, it did not prevent the wives from helping and supporting the family economy. Conversely, educating children and house chores was still dominated by the wives, although it did not prevent the husbands from taking part in informing the children and house chores. It shows that the concept of Mubadalah has not been applied to the division of roles between husband and wife in the family during the pandemic because both husband and wife should have equal rights and opportunities in carrying out activities in the domestic and public sphere.
This paper discusses about women as wives of convicted criminals in Batusangkar, West Sumatra. This study concentrates on the reasons of their attitudes to stay at becoming wives of these convicted criminals. This study is an empirical research by utilizing the theory of social action of Max Weber. This article argues that the wives of convicted criminals have chosen to keep their household as a fruit of both traditional and rational action choices. The wife loyalty and the stigmatization of widow status are among traditional values which give strong influence to them. At the same time, some consider their age, their nuclear family and financial needs as rational reasons behind their choice.
Tulisan ini membahas tentang perempuan yang menjadi isteri narapidana di Batusangkar, Sumatera Barat. Fokus kajian dalam tulisan ini adalah alasan mengapa mereka tetap memilih bertahan menjadi isteri narapidana. Dengan menggunakan teori tindakan sosial Max Weber, artikel ini menyatakan bahwa para perempuan tersebut tetap memilih bertahan untuk menjadi para isteri narapidana dikarenakan alasan tradisi dan alasan rasional. Kesetiaan perempuan dan stigma negatif terhadap status janda menjadi alasan tradisional yang melatari pilihan mereka. Sedangkan alasan rasional mereka dapat dilihat dari pernyataan di antara mereka yang mempertimbangkan usia mereka yang sudah lanjut. Sebagian lagi mempertimbangkan nasib anak-anak mereka. Terdapat pula sebagian isteri yang berargumen karena kebutuhan ekonomi mereka.
p align="center"> Abstract
Imprisonment as the main criminal is the most threatened against offenders. Imprisonment in Indonesia criminal law as a legacy of colonial law enforcement. With the development of the concept of criminal theory form retributive to restorative sentencing, imprisonment and the implementation should be reviewed so that can be in accordance with human rights principles. This research examined the imprisonment in the Indonesian criminal law, customary criminal law, and Islamic Penal law, and also the concept of imprisonment renewal in the concept of Criminal Law Code of Indonesia, and then what is the punishment that is accordance with restorative justice theory that can protect the human rights of the convicted person, victims, and society.
Key Word: Imprisonment, human rights, restorative justice.
Abstrak
Pidana penjara sebagai pidana pokok merupakan pidana yang paling banyak diancamkan terhadap pelaku kejahatan. Pemberlakuannya merupakan peninggalan hukum kolonial. Dengan perkembangan pemikiran mengenai konsep pemidanaan dari retributif ke restoratif, pelaksanaan pidana penjara pun harus dikaji ulang sehingga dalam penjatuhan maupun pelaksanaannya dapat sesuai dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan pidana penjara dalam hukum pidana Indonesia, hukum pidana adat, dan hukum pidana Islam, serta konsep pembaharuan pidana penjara dalam RKUHP, kemudian bentuk pembaharuan pemidanaan apakah yang sesuai dengan teori restorative justice yang dapat melindungi hak asasi terpidana, korban, dan masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Pidana penjara, hak asasi manusia, keadilan restoratif</p
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