Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) of Switzerland

Abstract

An updated checklist of the species belonging to the subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae in Switzerland is presented and briefly discussed. A total of 113 species is confirmed. This checklist is based on 42836 occurrences obtained from the identification of specimens held in museum and private collections, as well as on records taken from the literature. Fifteen species recorded from Switzerland in the past are excluded from this list, for reasons of insufficient documentation.

Full text

Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera,
Curculionidae) of Switzerland
Andreas Sanchez1, Yannick Chittaro1, Christoph Germann2, Milos Knížek3
1 info fauna – CSCF, Avenue Bellevaux 51, CH-2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
2 Kurator Biowissenschaften, Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
3 ForestryandGameManagementResearchInstitute,Strnady136,CZ-25202Jíloviště,CzechRepublic
http://zoobank.org/309DCA58-8314-412A-AAD2-A70F08B44AA7
Corresponding author: Andreas Sanchez (andreas.sanchez@unine.ch)
Academic editor: Beat Wermelinger ♦
Received
24 January 2020 ♦
Accepted
18 March 2020 ♦
Published
8 June 2020
Abstract
An updated checklist of the species belonging to the subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae in Switzerland is presented and brief-
ly discussed. A total of 113 species is conrmed. This checklist is based on 42836 occurrences obtained from the identication of
specimens held in museum and private collections, as well as on records taken from the literature. Fifteen species recorded from
Switzerland in the past are excluded from this list, for reasons of insucient documentation.
Key Words
Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Platypodinae, species list, Switzerland, faunistics, distribution
Introduction
The subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae have been the
subject of several commented checklists for Switzerland
(Stierlin and Gautard 1867; Stierlin 1898; Bovey 1987), the
most recent by Germann (2010a). While each of these im-
portant contributions improved general knowledge of the
local fauna, new elements have since become available that
further improve our understanding of the Scolytinae and
Platypodinae of Switzerland. First, Monnerat et al. (2015a)
proposed a set of guidelines to assess the indigenousness
of the species of Switzerland and provided a list of some
problematic collections. Some species belonging to these
collections were accepted as valid in previous works, but
closer examination has revealed that these records are
doubtful. Secondly, past surveys of specimens housed in
museum collections were not complete and some species
were missed. Consequently, an updated checklist of the
species native to Switzerland was necessary.
This paper presents a commented and updated list
of all Scolytinae and Platypodinae reported in Switzer-
land, based on a revision of the Swiss collections and a
review of existing literature. Native species are thus dis-
tinguished from species that were mistakenly recorded,
insuciently documented or imported.
Material and methods
The goal of this study was to evaluate all existing infor-
mation in order to write up a complete list of the Swiss
fauna. We therefore performed an exhaustive examina-
tion of the relevant material present in major Swiss mu-
seum collections, as was recently done for other beetle
groups (Chittaro and Blanc 2012; Monnerat et al. 2015b;
Breitenmoser et al. 2016; Chittaro and Sanchez 2016,
2019a, 2019b; Cosandey et al. 2017; Sanchez and Chitta-
ro 2018). The collections in the following museums were
studied (parentheses indicate the contact person):
AGRO Agroscope-Changins (previously SFRA),
Nyon (Stève Breitenmoser)
BNM Bündner Natur-Museum, Chur (Stephan
Liersch)
Alpine Entomology 4 2020, 81–97 | DOI 10.3897/alpento.4.50440
Copyright Andreas Sanchez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae82
ETH Eidgenössische-Technische Hochschule,
Zürich (Michael Gree)
KMLI Archäologie und Museum Baselland, Liestal
(Marc Limat)
MHNF Musée d’histoire naturelle de Fribourg (Peter
Wandeler, Sophie Giriens)
MHNG Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève (Giulio
Cuccodoro)
MHNN Musée d’histoire naturelle de Neuchâtel (Jessi-
ca Litman)
MHNS Musée de la nature du Valais, Sion (Sonja
Gerber)
MSNL Museo cantonale di storia naturale, Lugano
(Michele Abderhalden)
MZL Musée cantonal de zoologie, Lausanne (Anne
Freitag)
NMAA Naturama, Aarau (Janine Mazenauer)
NMB Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (Matthias
Borer)
NMBE Naturhistorisches Museum der Burgerge-
meinde Bern (Hannes Baur)
NMLU Natur-Museum, Luzern (Marco Bernasconi,
Peter Herger)
NMTG Naturmuseum Thurgau, Frauenfeld (Barbara
Richner)
NMSG Naturmuseum, St. Gallen (Priska Seri)
NMSO Naturmuseum, Solothurn (Marc Neumann)
SPZH Schädlingsprävention und –beratung, Zürich
(Marcus Schmidt, Gabi Müller, Isabelle Lan-
dau-Lüscher)
WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and
Landscape Research, Birmensdorf (Beat For-
ster, Martin Obrist, Beat Wermelinger).
Moreover, the private collections of the following
people were examined: Ulrich Bense (Mössingen, Ger-
many), Georg Benz (Zürich, Switzerland), Marie-Chris-
tine and Yannick Chittaro (Conthey, Switzerland), Ray-
mond Delarze (Aigle VD, Switzerland), Laurent Gognat
(St-Ursanne JU, Switzerland), Roman Graf (Horw LU,
Switzerland), Barbara Huber (Thusis GR, Switzerland),
Laurent Juillerat (Chézard-St-Martin NE, Switzerland),
Wilfried Löderbusch (Markdorf, Germany), Sandro Mos-
er (Aarau AG, Switzerland) and Andreas Sanchez (Pont-
de-la-Morge VS, Switzerland).
All available data from the literature relevant for Swit-
zerland were also considered. The references from these
publications are included in the bibliography. Literature
not explicitly quoted is supplied as Suppl. material (see
Suppl. material 1: File S1).
Nomenclature and systematics followed are those of
the “Cooperative Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera
Curculionoidea” (Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017), with
the following exceptions. At rst, Pagiocerus frontalis
(Fabricius, 1801) is absent from this catalog and there-
fore Wood (2007) was followed. Secondly, we consider
PityophthorusknotekiReitter, 1898 and P.lichtensteinii
(Ratzeburg, 1837) as valid species, even though they
are considered as synonyms by Alonso-Zarazaga et al.
(2017). Thirdly, we follow Mandelshtam et al. (2019) and
consider the resurrection of Heteroboripscryptographus
(Ratzeburg, 1837).
The specimens were identied using the following
publications: Balachowsky (1949), Pfeer (1995) and
Gebhardt and Bense (2016).
When not otherwise specied, general information on
species’ distributions is taken from the “Cooperative Cat-
alogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera Curculionoidea” (Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017) and the catalog of Pfeer (1995).
Information on ecology and host plants come from Pfef-
fer (1995) and Balachowsky (1949), which are thus not
cited in the texts related to the species.
The list of the main synonyms of each taxon is provid-
ed in Alonso-Zarazaga et al. (2017) and is therefore not
reported here.
Terminology for all plant names mentioned in the doc-
ument follows Juillerat et al. (2017).
Once an exhaustive list of species was compiled, we
followed the procedure proposed by Monnerat et al.
(2015a) in order to assess which of these species should
be considered indigenous to Switzerland. We only re-
tained species whose relative data were deemed sucient
(unambiguous labeling, reliable collections, etc.) for in-
clusion on the national checklist.
Those species whose presence in Switzerland is sub-
stantiated by less than twenty valid observations are
subject to an additional comment. In these cases, species
names in the table are followed by a letter and a number
in bold (“C1” for example) and all the examined speci-
mens and published observations are mentioned in order
to document and justify the presence of these species on
this checklist. When not specied, all examined material
was identied or reviewed by the authors.
The examined specimens and literature-based data are
presented in chronological order of discovery or publica-
tion date and then in alphabetical order by the respective
locality depending on available information. All occur-
rences are cited according to the following scheme: num-
ber of specimens, locality (pre-2000 data) or municipality
and abbreviated canton (post-2000 data), date, collector,
determinator, collection and ocial acronym of the insti-
tution where the insect is deposited.
Information about localities and dates are reported as
found on the labels. Interpretations of alphabetical abbre-
viations are placed within square brackets (“[ ]”). In old
collections, the collector (leg.) is not always explicitly
labeled. In such cases, we favored the « coll. » tag. In
some cases, the original collection holder was not labeled
but we were nonetheless able to identify the source of the
collection based on type labels and/or handwriting.
The Charles Maerky collection, held by the Natural
History Museum of Geneva, has long been considered
problematic (Monnerat et al. 2015a). In addition to
specimens coming from his personal collection (“coll.
Maerky C.”), it also contains insects from other sources
(labeled, for instance, as “ex coll. Melly A.”) but lack-
ing any original labels. In such cases, we maintained the
“coll. Maerky C.” mention for his whole collection to

Alpine Entomology 4 2020, 81–97
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83
ensure the association of these samples with the Maerky
C. collection.
For the literature-based data, detailed under “Pub-
lished data”, we retained the locality as it appeared in the
original citation. We consider the “source” person (and
not the legit) as the author of the publication and men-
tioned as follows: “Ormontsthal by Venetz I. (Stierlin and
Gautard 1867)”. If the same data is repeated several times
in publications, then only the oldest is kept. In fact, lo-
calities in ulterior publications are generally altered and
sometimes truncated.
In their important works on Scolytinae, Bovey (1987)
mainly proposed general distribution maps, Germann
(2010a) proposed tables with presence/absence data
for each of the biogeographic regions of Switzerland
(Gonseth et al. 2001). Knížek (2011a) and Alonso-Zaraz-
aga et al. (2017) only mentioned presence in Switzlerand
(“SZ”). In the present paper, this general information is
grouped under “Published data” as follows: “Switzerland
(Bovey 1987; Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso
et al. 2017)”. When specic data are mentioned in these
four papers, they are included under “Published data”.
Among the data cited in this document under “Exa-
mined material” or “Published data”, we inserted a super-
script numbering before those entries we considered too
insuciently documented to retain, using the following
code to describe error type (following Monnerat et al.
2015a). Thus, if a data fullls one of these criteria, it is
considered as doubtful:
1. data source cannot be veried
2. incorrect identication
3. specimen from problematic collection
4. specimen of unknown origin but attributed to a
Swiss locality
5. double labeling, original locality misinterpreted or
incorrectly recopied
6. confusion between the locality of origin, the breed-
ing or hatching place and the collection storage site
7. non-Swiss localities or namesake foreign localities
8. chronological or ecological inconsistencies
Abbreviations used: coll. = collection, det. = determi-
nator, ex. = specimen, leg. = collector, abbreviated Swiss
cantons: AG = Aargau, BE = Bern, BL = Basel-Land-
schaft, GE = Geneva, GR = Graubünden, SG = St. Gallen,
SO = Solothurn, SZ = Schwyz, TI = Ticino, VD = Vaud,
VS = Valais, ZH = Zürich.
Results
Swiss fauna Scolytinae and Platypodinae list
We consider that the 113 taxa listed in bold and without
square brackets “[ ]” either do or did form populations
in Switzerland, even if only scant information is avail-
able for many of them. We also consider as native several
species from other parts of the world (alien species) that
maintain (or maintained) continuous populations in Swit-
zerland for several years, including strictly synanthropic
species. These species are (or were) established in Swit-
zerland and are (or were) part of its resident fauna.
On the other hand, the 15 species listed in square
brackets “[ ]” should not be considered as belonging to
the Swiss fauna, until new data show otherwise. In this
category, we placed species whose individuals come from
problematic collections, as Charles Maerky’s or Max
Täschler’s (Monnerat et al. 2015a), those that were erro-
neously mentioned for Switzerland due to incorrect iden-
tications and those cited in old publications, like Stierlin
and Gautard (1867), without reference to specic indi-
viduals and consequently considered as doubtful. Other
species may eventually be found in the Swiss territory,
but currently available data are not sucient to conrm
their establishment in Switzerland.
To facilitate the species’ search in this document, taxa
appear in alphabetical order for subfamilies, tribes, gen-
era, subgenera, species and subspecies.
All collected information represent 42’836 occurrenc-
es within the concerned subfamilies. Updated distribution
maps of these species are available on the info fauna –
CSCF cartographic server (http://lepus.unine.ch/carto/).
All the valid data are also available in http://www.GBIF.
org (https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.tryac2).
Platypodinae Shuckard, 1840
Platypodini Shuckard, 1840
Platypus cylindrus (Fabricius, 1792)
Scolytinae Latreille, 1804
Bothrosternini Blandford, 1896
[Pagiocerus frontalis (Fabricius, 1801)] C1
Corthylini LeConte, 1876
Gnathotrichus materiarius (Fitch, 1858) C2
Pityophthorus buyssoni buyssoni Reitter, 1901 C3
Pityophthorus carniolicus Wichmann, 1910 C4
Pityophthorus exsculptus (Ratzeburg, 1837) C5
Pityophthorus glabratus Eichho, 1878
Pityophthorus henscheli Seitner, 1887
Pityophthorus knoteki Reitter, 1898
Pityophthorus lichtensteinii (Ratzeburg, 1837)
[Pityophthorusmicrographusmicrographus (Linnaeus,
1758)] C6
Pityophthorus pityographus pityographus Ratzeburg,
1837
Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsham, 1802)
Cryphalini Lindemann, 1876
Cryphalus asperatus (Gyllenhal, 1813)
Cryphalus intermedius Ferrari, 1867
Cryphalus piceae (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Cryphalus saltuarius Weise, 1891

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae84
Ernoporicus caucasicus (Lindemann, 1876)
Ernoporicus fagi (Fabricius, 1798)
Ernoporus tiliae (Panzer, 1793)
[Scolytogenesjalappae (Letzner, 1849)] C7
Trypophloeus binodulus (Ratzeburg, 1837) C8
[Trypophloeusgranulatus (Ratzeburg, 1837)] C9
Trypophloeus rybinskii rybinskii Reitter, 1895 C10
Crypturgini LeConte, 1876
Crypturgus cinereus (Herbst, 1794)
Crypturgus hispidulus C. G. Thomson, 1870
Crypturgus pusillus (Gyllenhal, 1813)
Crypturgus subcribrosus Eggers, 1933 C11
Dryocoetini Lindemann, 1876
[Coccotrypesdactyliperda (Fabricius, 1801)] C12
[Dactylotrypeslongicollis (Wollaston, 1864)] C13
Dryocoetes alni (Georg, 1856)
Dryocoetes autographus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Dryocoetes hectographus Reitter, 1913
Dryocoetes himalayensis Strohmeyer, 1908 C14
Dryocoetes villosus villosus (Fabricius, 1792)
[Lymantor aceris aceris (Lindemann, 1875)] C15
Lymantor coryli (Perris, 1855)
Taphrorychus bicolor (Herbst, 1794)
Taphrorychus siculus Eggers, 1908 C16
Taphrorychus villifrons (Dufour, 1843)
Thamnurgus kaltenbachii Bach, 1849 C17
Hylastini LeConte, 1876
Hylastes angustatus (Herbst, 1793)
Hylastes ater (Paykull, 1800)
Hylastes attenuatus Erichson, 1836
Hylastes brunneus (Erichson, 1836)
Hylastes cunicularius Erichson, 1836
[Hylastes fallax Wichmann, 1911] C18
Hylastes linearis Erichson, 1836
Hylastes opacus Erichson, 1836
Hylurgops glabratus (Zetterstedt, 1828)
Hylurgops palliatus (Gyllenhal, 1813)
Hylesinini Erichson, 1836
Hylastinus fankhauseri Reitter, 1895
Hylastinus obscurus (Marsham, 1802)
Hylesinus crenatus (Fabricius, 1787)
Hylesinus toranio (D’Anthoine, 1788)
Hylesinus varius (Fabricius, 1775)
Hylesinus wachtli orni Fuchs, 1906
Kissophagus novaki Reitter, 1894 C19
Kissophagus vicinus (Comolli, 1837)
Pteleobius kraatzii (Eichho, 1864) C20
Pteleobius vittatus (Fabricius, 1792) C21
Hylurgini Gistel, 1848
Dendroctonus micans (Kugelann, 1794)
Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius, 1787) C22
Tomicus minor (Hartig, 1834)
Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus, 1758)
Xylechinus pilosus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Xylocleptes bispinus (Duftschmid, 1825)
Hypoborini Nüsslin, 1911
Hypoborus cus Erichson, 1836 C23
[Liparthrumbartschti Mühl, 1891] C24
Ipini Bedel, 1888
Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal, 1827)
Ips amitinus (Eichho, 1872)
Ips cembrae (Heer, 1836)
Ips duplicatus (C. R. Sahlberg, 1836) C25
Ips sexdentatus (Boerner, 1766)
Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758)
[Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston, 1857)] C26
Orthotomicus laricis (Fabricius, 1792)
Orthotomicus longicollis (Gyllenhal, 1827)
[Orthotomicus mannsfeldi (Wachtl, 1880)] C27
Orthotomicus proximus (Eichho, 1868)
Orthotomicus suturalis (Gyllenhal, 1827)
Pityogenes bidentatus (Herbst, 1784)
[Pityogenesbistridentatus (Eichho, 1878)] C28
Pityogenes chalcographus (Linnaeus, 1760)
Pityogenes conjunctus Reitter, 1887
[Pityogenesirkutensismonacensis Fuchs, 1911] C29
Pityogenes quadridens (Hartig, 1834)
Pityogenes trepanatus (Nördlinger, 1848)
Pityokteines curvidens (Germar, 1824)
Pityokteines spinidens (Reitter, 1895)
Pityokteines vorontzowi Jakobson, 1896
Phloeosinini Nüsslin, 1912
Phloeosinus aubei (Perris, 1855)
Phloeosinus thujae (Perris, 1855)
Phloeotribini Chapuis, 1869
[Phloeotribuscristatus (Fauvel, 1889)] C30
Phloeotribus rhododactylus (Marsham, 1802)
Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (Bernard, 1788)
Phloeotribus spinulosus (Rey, 1883)
Polygraphini Chapuis, 1869
Carphoborus minimus (Fabricius, 1798)
Polygraphus grandiclava C. G. Thomson, 1886
Polygraphus poligraphus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Polygraphus subopacus C. G. Thomson, 1871 C31

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85
Scolytini Latreille, 1804
Scolytus carpini (Ratzeburg, 1837) C32
Scolytus ensifer Eichho, 1881 C33
Scolytus intricatus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Scolytus kirschii kirschii Skalitzky, 1876 C34
Scolytus laevis Chapuis, 1869
Scolytus mali (Bechstein, 1805)
Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham, 1802)
Scolytus pygmaeus (Fabricius, 1787)
Scolytus ratzeburgii E. W. Janson, 1856
Scolytus rugulosus (P. W. Müller, 1818)
Scolytus scolytus (Fabricius, 1775)
[Scolytus triarmatus (Eggers, 1912)] C35
Xyleborini LeConte, 1876
Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius, 1792)
Cyclorhipidion bodoanum (Reitter, 1913) C36
Heteroborips cryptographus (Ratzeburg, 1837) C37
Xyleborinus attenuatus (Blandford, 1894) C38
Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Xyleborus dryographus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Xyleborus eurygraphus (Ratzeburg, 1837) C39
Xyleborus monographus (Fabricius, 1792)
Xyleborus pfeilii (Ratzeburg, 1837) C40
Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866) C41
Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894)
Xyloterini LeConte, 1876
Trypodendron domesticum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Trypodendron laeve Eggers, 1939 C42
Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier, 1795)
Trypodendron signatum (Fabricius, 1792)
Commented species
C1) [Pagiocerus frontalis] (Fabricius, 1801)
Examined material. 6,8)? ex., Stadt Zürich, 2.XII.1996,
leg. & coll. Anonymous, SPZH.
Published data. 6,8)“Vorratsschädling an Mais in
Zürich im Jahr 1996, Beratungsfall der Beratungsstelle
Schädlingsbekämpfung, Zürich” (Germann 2010a).
Comment. As shown by Germann (2010a) and con-
rmed by Beat Forster (pers. comm.), P.frontalis was in-
troduced in 1996 in Switzerland by a tourist in possession
of ornamental corn seeds from Peru, but the population was
eradicated. The species is not established in Switzerland.
C2) Gnathotrichus materiarius (Fitch, 1858)
Examined material. 1 ex., Buchenegg-Passhöhe, Müs-
li, 3.V.1984, leg. & coll. Hirschheydt J.; 1 ex., Therwil
Umg. BL, 12.V.1984, leg. Studer M., MHNG; 1 ex.,
Jura BE, Burg, VI.1984, leg. Toumaye G., MHNG; 2
ex., Genève, Chancy, Vers Vaux, 6.VI.1987, 14.VI.1988,
leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 2 ex., Rickenbach SO, 2.–9.
VI.1994, 4.–11.V.1995, leg. WSL; ? ex., Thayngen
SH, 2.XII.1996, leg. & coll. Anonymous, SPZH; 6 ex.,
Habsburg AG, 1.–8.V.2015, 8.–15.V.2015, 29.V.–5.
VI.2001, 10.–17.VII.2001, 8.–15.VIII.2001, leg. WSL;
14 ex., Rapperswil-Jona SG, 7.V.2015, 28.V.2015,
18.VI.2015, 7.VII.2015, 20.VIII.2015, leg. Huber B.,
det. Büche B.; 4 ex., Oberentfelden AG, 27.V.2015,
8.VII.2015, 22.VII.2015, leg. Moser S., det. Bense U.
Published data. 1 ex., Buchenegg-Passhöhe, Müsli,
3.–10.V.1984, leg. Hirschheydt J.; ? ex., Burg/Leymen-
tal BE, leg. Toumaye G.; 1 ex., Bois de Vers Vaux bei
Chancy GE, 16.VI.1987, leg. Besuchet C.; 1 ex., Bois
de Vers Vaux bei Chancy GE, 14.VI.1988, leg. Besuchet
C. (Hirschheydt 1992); Switzerland (Germann 2010a;
Kirkendall and Faccoli 2010; Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This invasive species, native to the United
States and Canada, was rst found in northern Switzerland
in 1984 but was not reported by Bovey (1987). Since these
rst records, it has been found several times, in the north of
Switzerland and once in the Geneva region, under the bark
of pine trees. Developing on various conifers (Pinus spp.,
Abies alba, Larix decidua), this species would likely be
able to colonize the remaining regions of the country in the
future. Bovey (1987) warned of the serious damages that
G.materiarius could cause to Swiss forests, but so far, no
major problems caused by this species have been reported.
C3) Pityophthorus buyssoni buyssoni Reitter, 1901
Fig. 1A
Examined material. 1 ex., Vaud, La Rippe, 3.VI.1979,
leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., s/Trétien VS, VII.1980,
leg. Toumaye G., MHNG.
Published data. 2)3 ex., Derborence by Conthey,
VIII.1949 by Besuchet C. (Linder 1953); Switzerland
(Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. P.buyssonibuyssoni is considered as Swiss
species on the basis of two specimens captured in the
south of the country. The species is sparsely distributed
in the Palearctic region (Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy
and Spain) and develops on pine trees, as it was the case
for the individual from “La Rippe”, found on a Pinus syl-
vestris twig. The specimens cited by Linder (1953) were
in fact Pityophthorusglabratus, as previously shown by
Bovey (1987). Bovey (1987) and Germann (2010a) did
not consider this species as Swiss despite the presence of
two valid specimens in museum collections.
C4) Pityophthorus carniolicus Wichmann, 1910
Examined material. 1 ex., Tessin, Mte. Generoso,
9.VI.1962, leg. Besuchet C., det. Bovey P., MHNG; 1 ex.,
Tessin, Generoso, 26.V.1982, leg. Besuchet C., det. Bo-
vey P., MHNG; 1 ex., Pura TI, 3.–10.IV.2007, leg. WSL.

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae86
Figure 1. Habitus of six rare species of Scolytinae present in Switzerland: A) Pityophthorusbuyssoni buyssoni, B) Taphrorychus
siculus, C) Thamnurguskaltenbachii, D) Polygraphussubopacus, E)Scolytuskirschiikirschii, F) Xyleboruscryptographus (Photos
A. Sanchez).
Published data. 1 ex., Monte Generoso TI, 9.VI.1962,
1700m, and 26.V.1982, 1680m by Besuchet C., MHNG
(Bovey 1976); Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek
2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, distributed in Austria, Cro-
atia, Czechia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland,
Slovakia and Slovenia, is considered Swiss based on
three specimens collected in Tessin. Developing main-
ly on pines (Pinus nigra and P. sylvestris), its range in
Switzerland is probably wider and specic exploratory
research should be undertaken to better evaluate its distri-
bution (Faccoli and Battisti 2011).
C5) Pityophthorus exsculptus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Examined material. 1 ex., Wangs, Pizol, 13.VII.1958,
leg. Anonymous, coll. Spälti A., MHNG; 66 ex., Thur-
govie, Kesswil, 10.IV.1982, 17.I.1983, leg. Besuchet C.,
MHNG; 34 ex., Thurg., Kesswil, VI.1983, leg. Besuchet
C., MHNG; 9 ex., Kesswil, 17.I.1983, leg. Besuchet C.,
coll. Scherler P. & coll. Bovey P., NMBE & MZL; 1 ex.,
Wengi BE, 2.–9.VII.1987, leg. WSL, det. Klausnitzer B.;
1 ex., Ruppoldsried, 25.VI.-2.VII.1987, leg. WSL, det.
Klaunitzer B.; 2 ex., Glaris, Ennenda, III.1994, leg. Be-
suchet C., MHNG.
Published data. Kesswil TG, 10.IV.1982 and VI.1982
by Besuchet C. (Bovey 1987); Switzerland (Germann
2010a, Knížek 2011a, Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, which develops exclusively
in branches on standing moribund spruce trees (Picea
abies) and pine trees (Pinus spp.) (Balachowsky 1949),
is only known from Central Europe. In Switzerland, only
scant data attest to its presence, all records dating back
more than 20 years from branches of Piceaabies.

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87
C6) [Pityophthorus micrographus micrographus] (Lin-
naeus, 1758)
Published data. 1)Basel by Imhof L., 1)Genf [Gene-
va] by Chevrier F. and 1)Kant. Zürich by Fuesslin J. C.
(Stierlin and Gautard 1867); 1)Lausanne by Bugnion E.
(Favre 1890); 1)Chiasso by Fontana P. (Fontana 1947);
1)Frauenfeld, Burgerholz by Hugentobler H. (Hugento-
bler 1966); 1)Switzerland (Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zara-
zaga et al. 2017).
Comment. No specimen was found in the examined
collections to support citations in the literature. Thus, P. 
micrographus micrographus is not considered a native
species at present. This species, which develops on Pi-
ceaobovataLedeb., P. abies and Abies sibirica Ledeb.,
is widely distributed in Europe but relatively rare. As its
preferred host plants are abundant in Switzerland, it may
be discovered here in the future.
C7) [Scolytogenes jalappae] Letzner, 1849
Published data. 2)Chiasso by Fontana P. (Fontana 1947).
Comment. Reported from Chiasso by Fontana P.
(1947), the only specimen found in his collection in the
MSNL under Pityophthorusjalappae belongs in reality to
the family Ciidae! Scolytogenesjalappae, a species wide-
spread in America, is not present in Switzerland, although
it was imported several times to Europe.
C8) Trypophloeus binodulus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Examined material. 4 ex., Bicoque [Préverenges VD],
3.VII.1949, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 60 ex., Vaud,
Agiez, 7.VII.1949, 8.VII.1949, 9.VII.1949, III.1950,
25.V.1950, 5.II.1951, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex.,
Agiez s/Orbe, 10.VIII.1949, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 44
ex., Vaud, Aigle, 27.IX.1953, IX.1954, leg. Besuchet C.,
MHNG; 12 ex., Genève, Jussy, 19.VI.1974, leg. Besuchet
C., MHNG; 20 ex., Genève, Chancy, 2.VII.1974, leg.
Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Valais, Forêt de Finges,
1.VIII.1974, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 14 ex., Tessin,
Is. Brissago, 10.VII.1976, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 12
ex., Genève, Mategnin, 4.VII.1984, leg. Besuchet C.,
MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, Onex, 7.VIII.1992, leg. Besuchet
C., MHNG; 57 ex., Vaud, Onnens-Lac, 14.VII.1993,
leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 2 ex., Genève, Corsier-
Port, VI.1994, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 10 ex., Vaud,
Bursinel, 25.VIII.1994, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG.
Published data. Orbe, VI.1949, V.1950, leg. Besuchet
C. (under T.asperatus) (Linder 1953); many data in Swit-
zerland under T. asperatus (Gyllenhal, 1813) (Bovey
1987); 1)Bassecourt (JU) (under Cryphalus abietis) and
1)TG (under T.asperatusspiculatus) (Meier et al. 1995);
1 ex., Aigle VD, 27.IX.1953, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG
and 1 ex., Pfynwald VS, 1.VIII.1974, leg. Besuchet C.,
MHNG (under T.asperatusasperatus (Gyllenhal, 1813),
T.asperatusgrothi Hagedorn, 1904 and T.asperatusspic-
ulatus Eggers, 1927) (Germann 2010a); 1 ex., Aigle VD,
27.IX.1953, leg. Besuchet C., 2 ex., Isola Brissago TI,
VII.1976, leg. Besuchet C. and 1 ex., Pfynwald VS, leg.
Besuchet C. (under T.asperatus grothi Hagedorn, 1904)
(Germann 2010b); Switzerland (Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, widely cited in the literature
under dierent subspecies of T.asperatus, is considered
Swiss on the basis of several specimens collected from
dierent localities. All were collected by Besuchet C. un-
der the bark of dierent species of Populus, which is the
only genus of host plant known for this species.
C9) [Trypophloeus granulatus] (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Published data. 2)7 ex., Arnex VD, 25.VI.1950 and
2)1 ex., Finges VS, 1.VIII.1974 by Besuchet C. (Bovey
1987); 1)Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a;
Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species was rst cited by Bovey
(1987) on the basis of seven specimens collected by Be-
suchet C. in the Valais and in Vaud. After a careful ex-
amination of Swiss collections, we found a serie of spec-
imens of T.binodulus bearing identical labels to those
records reported in Bovey (1987) for T.granulatus. The
misidentication of T. binodulus for T. granulatus is
thus likely. Trypophloeus granulatus, a species known
from central and southern Europe and developing on
poplars, is not considered as indigenous in Switzerland
at the moment. Known from all neighboring countries,
we consider that it has the potential to expand its distri-
bution into Switzerland.
C10) Trypophloeus rybinskii rybinskii Reitter, 1895
Examined material. 2 ex., Val Müstair, Fuldera,
17.VII.2018, leg. Huber B., det. Büche B., BNM; 1 ex.,
Val Müstair, Sta. Maria, Aue, 21.VIII.2018, leg. Huber
B., det. Büche B.
Comment. Trypophloeus rybinskii, a species wide-
ly distributed in central Europe, is considered as Swiss
on the basis of three specimens found in Graubünden in
2018, using ight and beer traps. It develops on dierent
species of Salix and Populus.
C11) Crypturgus subcribrosus Eggers, 1933
Examined material. 4 ex., Genève, B. Merdisel,
17.VIII.1974, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 15 ex., Kt.
Bern, Burgdorf Meienm., 21.II.1980, leg. Kiener
S., MHNG; 11 ex., Genève, Avully, 10.V.1993, leg.
Besuchet C., MHNG; 7 ex., Wynigen, Riederenwald
BE, 15.XII.1993, leg. & coll. Kobel E., NMBE.
Published data: Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek
2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. In agreement with Jordal and Knížek
(2007), we consider C.subcribrosus as a valid species,
separated from C. cinereus. This species, distributed in
north-eastern Europe and also present in France (Dodelin

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae88
B. and Soldati F. pers. comm.), has been found only a
few times in Switzerland, always under the bark of spru-
ces (Picea spp.). It is possible that other Swiss specimens
attributed to C.cinereus may turn out to be C.subcribro-
sus and therefore all specimens should be revised. Bovey
(1987) did not consider the species as resident.
C12) [Coccotrypes dactyliperda] (Fabricius, 1801)
Examined material. 3,4,6,8)3 ex., Genève, coll. Mae-
rky C., MHNG; 3,4,6,8)1 ex., Genève, coll. Maerky C., ex
coll. Melly A., MHNG; 3,4,6,8)1 ex., Genf [Geneva], coll.
Linder-Hebeisen A., ex coll. Täschler M., ETH; 4,6,8)2 ex.,
Schahausen, leg. Stierlin G., det. Bovey P., Deutsches
Entomologisches Institut; 4,6,8)9 ex., Zürich ZH, III.1977,
leg. & coll. Bovey P., MHNG & MZL.
Published data. 1,4,6,8)Genf [Geneva] by Chevrier F.
and 1,4,6,8)Genf [Geneva] by Tournier H. (Stierlin and
Gautard 1867); 1,4,6,8)Schahausen, in Magazinen der
Früchtenhändler (Stierlin 1898); 1,6,8)4 ex., Genève and
Zürich, EPFZ Institut de sylviculture, graines de Phoe-
nix dactylifera, 1977 by Marcet (Bovey 1987); 1,6,8)Swit-
zerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zara-
zaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, developing on palm
fruits from Phoenix dactylifera (Linnaeus, 1753) and
Chamaeropshumilis(Linnaeus, 1753), is native to central
and western Mediterranean areas only but is regularly
imported to the rest of Europe. In Switzerland, it is only
known from specimens housed in a problematic collection
(Maerky C.) that should not be taken in account, or from
three dierent attested importations: in Schahausen in a
fruits market, and in Geneva and Zürich with seeds from
P.dactylifera. The species does not develop in the wild in
Switzerland and is thus not considered as a resident, even
if many palms grow in cities.
C13) [Dactylotrypes longicollis] (Wollaston, 1864)
Examined material. 6,8)44 ex., Kt. Bern, Thun, 20.I.1983,
leg. Marggi W., coll. Kiener S., coll. Bovey P., coll. Scher-
ler P., MHNG, MZL & NMBE.
Published data. 6,8)Thoune BE, graines de Palmier,
I.1983 by Marggi W. (Bovey 1987); 6,8)Switzerland (Ger-
mann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. Several specimens were found in Thun
in 1983, all hatched from palm seeds. Dactylotrypes
longicollis, indigenous to the Canary Islands and Ma-
deira, was introduced several times to Europe (Croa-
tia, southern France, Italy, Malta, Slovakia, mainland
Spain). The species develops in seeds of dierent spe-
cies of date palm (Arecaceae) (Labonte and Takahashi
2012). Even if Bovey (1987) considered this species
as part of the Swiss fauna (under Dactylotripesuytten-
boogaarti Eggers, 1927), palm trees are not native to
Switzerland and no specimens have ever been found in
the wild. Therefore, it cannot be considered as belong-
ing to the Swiss fauna.
C14) Dryocoetes himalayensis Strohmeyer, 1908
Examined material. 1 ex., Altdorf, Vogelsang UR,
VII.1980, leg. Reser-Rezbanyai L., coll. Knížek M.; 1
ex., Brugg AG, 8.–15.V.2001, leg. WSL; 1 ex., Habsburg
AG, 11.–18.VI.2001, leg. WSL; 1 ex., Sarmenstorf AG,
2.–9.VIII.2004, leg. WSL.
Published data. 2 ex., Habsburg AG, 2001, det. M.
Knížek “mit Restunsicherheit” (Germann 2010a); Swit-
zerland (Kirkendall and Faccoli 2010, Knížek 2011a,
2011b, Alonso et al. 2017); 3 ex., Schweiz, Kanton
Aargau, Oberenfelden, 27.V.–8.VII.2015, leg. Bense U.
(Gebhardt and Bense 2016).
Comment. This species was originally described from
Kashmir (Strohmeyer 1908) and was rst collected in Eu-
rope in 1975 in France (Schott 2016). It was collected in
Switzerland in 1980 (Knížek 2011b) and found again in
2001 and 2004, each time in the north. The species is now
considered established in Europe (Kirkendall and Faccoli
2010). The host plants are unknown in Switzerland because
all specimens were captured in ight by interception traps
but given what is known about its host plant preference in
general, it likely develops on Juglans trees (Foit et al. 2017).
C15) [Lymantor aceris aceris] (Lindemann, 1875)
Published data. 1)Schweiz [Switzerland] (Pfeer 1995);
1)Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. Lymantor aceris aceris is widespread in
Europa and develops mostly on dierent species of maple
trees (Acer spp.) but also on buckthorn (Frangula alnus
Mill.) and cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.), in symbiosis
with fungus. Even though the species was cited in the lit-
erature, no specimens supporting its presence in Switzer-
land were found in the collections examined. However,
given its distribution in neighboring countries, particular-
ly in France (Schott and Callot 1994; Dodelin 2014), its
presence in Switzerland remains possible.
C16) Taphrorychus siculus (Eggers, 1908)
Fig. 1B
Examined material. 5 ex., Locarno TI, 6.VIII.1950,
10.IX.1950, leg. Besuchet C., det. Pfeer A., MHNG; 14
ex., Tessin, Arcegno, 8.IX.1953, leg. Besuchet C., det.
Pfeer A., MHNG.
Published data. Südschweiz (Pfeer 1995); Switzer-
land (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga
et al. 2017).
Comment. Despite its sparse distribution in Europe
(only known from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Sicily),
this very rare species, which breeds on alders (Alnus
spp.), is considered as a resident of Switzerland on the
basis of several individuals caught in southern Ticino in
the 1950s under the bark of alder trees. Since then, it has
not been found in the country. T.siculus was not reported
by Bovey (1987).

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89
C17) Thamnurgus kaltenbachii (Bach, 1849)
Fig. 1C
Examined material. 1 ex., Generoso, 6.VI., leg. & coll.
Fontana P., MSNL; 1 ex., Genève, B. Veyrier, IV.1953,
leg. & coll. Toumaye G., MHNG.
Published data. Generoso and 1)Chiasso by Fontana
P. (Fontana 1947); Monte Generoso TI by Fontana P. and
Bois de Veyrier GE, III.1953 by Toumaye G. (Bovey
1987); Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a;
Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2010).
Comment. Two specimens only, from the south of
the country, conrm the presence of this rare species
in Switzerland. T. kaltenbachii is limited to Central
Europe and his presence in France was also conrmed
(Prudhomme J.-C. 2016, Dodelin B. pers. comm.). Within
the bark beetles, T.kaltenbachii develops on herbaceous
plants only (stems of Lamiaceae in this case), as do other
members of the same genus (Mandelshtam et al. 2012).
C18) [Hylastes fallax] Wichmann, 1911
Published data. 1,8)1 ex., Olten (Wermelinger B. pers.
comm. in Germann 2010a); 1,8)Switzerland (Knížek 2011a).
All published data under Hylastes gergeri Eggers, 1911.
Comment. This species was cited from Switzerland
on the basis of one specimen supposedly caught in
Switzerland in 1994 in the region of Olten. Nevertheless,
this species is not considered as part of the Swiss fauna
at the present time. The only mentioned specimen is
unveriable and additional data must be gathered to
conrm the presence of this species in Switzerland.
Hylastes fallax is only known from eastern Europe
(Czech Republic, Romania, Slovakia, eastern Austria and
eastern Italy). Its host plants are unknown.
C19) Kissophagus novaki Reitter, 1894
Examined material. 2 ex., Genève, Mategnin, 4.V.1963,
15.V.1968, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Vaud, Roche,
27.VI.1970, leg. & coll. Scherler P., NMBE; 1 ex., Van-
doeuvres GE, 27.VI.1974, leg. Besuchet C., Bovey P.,
MZL; 2 ex., Genève, Vandoeuvres, 27.VI.1974, leg. Be-
suchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, Vernier, 13.III.1976,
Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, Genève-Florissant,
12.VI.1987, leg. Steen J., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, La
Laire, 23.VI.1988, leg. Steen J., MHNG; 1 ex., Valais, s/
Fully, 1.IV.1994, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève,
Corsier-Port, 23.V.1994, Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Mar-
tigny, La Bâtiaz, 23.XII.2009, leg. & coll. Germann C.
Published data. 1 ex., Fully VS, 1.IV.1994, leg. Be-
suchet C., MHNG, 1 ex., Martigny, La Bâtiaz, N571.490/
E106.080, 520 m ü. NN, 23.XII.2009, GS Moos, Polster-
panzen, Grasbulten, leg. & coll. Germann C. (Germann
2010b); Switzerland (Bovey 1987; Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species developing on ivy (Hedera he-
lix) is only known in Switzerland from very few records
from the south of the country, the most recent in 2009
(Germann 2010b). Kissophagus novaki is widely distri-
buted in Europe, from southern France to the Caucasus.
C20) Pteleobius kraatzii (Eichho, 1864)
Examined material. 2 ex., Kt. Genf, Allondon, VI.1954,
leg. & coll. Linder-Hebeisen A., ETH; 10 ex., Kt. Genf,
Genf [Geneva], VI.1954, leg. & coll. Linder-Hebeisen
A., ETH; 7 ex., La London [Allondon], VI.1954, leg.
[Besuchet C.], coll. Sermet A., MZL; 8 ex., Genève, Al-
london, 24.VI.1954, leg. & coll. Scherler P., NMBE; 54
ex., Genève, London [Allondon], 27.VI.1954, leg. Be-
suchet C., MHNG; 3 ex., V. Allondon GE, 27.VI.1954,
leg. Scherler P., coll. Allenspach V., NMB; 1 ex., Kt.
Genf, Meyrin, VIII.1966, leg. & coll. Linder-Hebeisen
A., ETH; 1 ex., Genève, Jussy, 24.V.1968, leg. Besuchet
C., MHNG; 3 ex., Genève, Bois de Jussy, 25.VI.1968,
leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 15 ex., Jussy GE, 31.VII.1968,
leg. Besuchet C., coll. Bovey P., MZL; 1 ex., Genève,
Jussy, 31.VII.1968, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 9 ex.,
Genève, Vandoeuvres, V.1974, leg. Vit S., MHNG; 9 ex.,
Genève, Jussy, VII.1974, leg. Besuchet C., coll. Bovey
P., MZL; 4 ex., Genève, Jussy, 4.VII.1974, leg. Besuchet
C., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, Corsier-Port, 8.VI.1981, leg.
Besuchet C., det. Bovey P., MHNG.
Published data. 60 ex., La Plaine GE, 27.VI.1954,
leg. Besuchet C., Scherler P. & Sermet A. (Linder 1968);
Switzerland (Bovey 1987; Germann 2010a; Knížek
2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, widely distributed in central
and western Europe, has only been found in the Geneva
region in Switzerland until now. Most of the specimens
were caught on trunks of elm species. Pteleobiuskraatzii
mainly develops mainly on Ulmus laevis and U.minor.
C21) Pteleobius vittatus (Fabricius, 1792)
Examined material. 7 ex., Castello, leg. & coll. Fontana
P., MSNL; 1 ex., Castello, 11.V.1926, leg. & coll. Fon-
tana P., MSNL; 2 ex., Chiasso, 12.IV.1928, 17.V.1928,
leg. & coll. Fontana P., MSNL; 18 ex., Genève, La
Plaine, X.1958, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex.,
Genève, Meyrin, 2.IV.1966, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG;
6 ex., Kt. Genf, Meyrin, VIII.1968, leg. [Besuchet
C.], coll. Linder-Hebeisen A., ETH; 6 ex., Meyrin GE,
VIII.1968, leg. Besuchet C., coll. Bovey P., MZL; 6 ex.,
Genève, Meyrin, VIII.1968, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG;
1 ex., Bel-Air, Clinique GE, 11.II.1973, MHNG; 16
ex., Genève, Jussy, 19.VI.1973, 5.VI.1974, VII.1974,
leg. Besuchet C., coll. Bovey P., MHNG & MZL; 1 ex.,
Genève, Onex, 30.VI.1974, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 8
ex., Allschwil BL, V.1978, leg. Angst M. E., coll. Bovey
P., MZL; 7 ex., Allschwil BL, VII.1978, leg. Angst M.,
NMB; 1 ex., Valais, Branson, V.1980, leg. Anonymous,
MHNG; 1 ex., Habsburg AG, 1.–8.V.2001, leg. WSL; 2
ex., Fully VS, 24.III.2015, 24.III.–16.IV.2015, leg. Chit-
taro Y., det. Büche B.

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae90
Published data. 1)Genf [Geneva] by Chevrier F.
and 1)Peney bei Genf [Geneva] by Tournier H. (Stierlin
and Gautard 1867); 1)Basel (Sterlin 1898); Chiasso and
Castello S. P. [Castello San Pietro] by Fontana P. (Fon-
tana 1947); Switzerland (Bovey 1987; Germann 2010a;
Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. Pteleobiusvittatus breeds on several spe-
cies of elm (especially Ulmus minor, U.laevis). In Swit-
zerland, it is mainly known from the south of the coun-
try (Geneva, Valais, Ticino) and has almost always been
found on elms.
C22) Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius, 1787)
Examined material. 4 ex., Sierre, leg. Favre E., HGSB;
3)1 ex., St. Gallen, leg. Anonymous, coll. Täschler M.,
MHNG; 1 ex., Kt. Bern, Bern, IV.1886, leg. Anonymous,
coll. Linder-Hebeisen A., ETH; 1 ex., Avants, 18.V.1901,
leg. & coll. Gaud A., MZL; 1 ex., Kt. SZ, Ober-Iberg,
VIII.1938, leg. Lautner J., coll. Linder-Hebeisen A.,
ETH; 1 ex., Mte. Ceneri, 16.V.1951, leg. Anonymous,
coll. Spälti A., MHNG; 3)2 ex., Alpes, Villars, 2.VII., leg.
& coll. Maerky C., MHNG; 23 ex., B. d. Frères [Bois des
Frères], 20.X.1874, leg. Anonymous, det. Besuchet C.
Published data. 1)Jura, Vallorbe by Mellet P. (Stier-
lin and Gautard 1867); 1)Jura, 1)Westschweiz and 1)Wallis
(Stierlin 1898); 1)Simplon by Rosset F.-C. (Rosset 1879);
1)Bois de Finge and Sierre by Favre E., 1)Sion by Bugnion
E., 1)Genève and 1)Vaud (Favre 1890); Switzerland (Ger-
mann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This pine-associated (Pinus spp.) species is
widely distributed in Europe, North Africa and Asia and
is considered a pest in many regions (Clare and George
2016). It is, however, only known from a few records in
Switzerland. All specimens have been caught under the
bark of pine trunks, according to the scant ecological in-
formation available.
C23) Hypoborus cus Erichson, 1836
Examined material. 12 ex., Castello, leg. Fontana P., det.
Bovey P., MSNL; 8)1 ex., Onnens [VD], leg. Anonymous,
coll. Sermet A., MZL; 4 ex., Tessin, leg. & coll. Laut-
ner J., NMB; 1 ex., Chiasso, 25.VIII.1928, leg. Fontana
P., MSNL; 54 ex., Tessin, Gandria, IV.1943, 3.III.1948,
3.IV.1948, IV.1948, leg. Besuchet C., col. Sermet A., coll.
Scherler P. & coll. Linder-Hebeisen A., MZL, MHNG,
NMBE, ETH; 1 ex., Dalpe, 17.VI.–2.VII.1957, leg. &
coll. Allenspach V., NMB; 20 ex., Dino, 10.–19.VI.1963,
leg. & coll. Allenspach V., NMB; 1 ex., 18.VIII.1966, Ran-
cate, leg. Anonymous, coll. Sermet A., MZL; 7 ex., Tessin,
Rancate, 7.IX.1966, 18.IX.1966, leg. & coll., Scherler P.,
NMBE; 121 ex., Tessin, Caviano, 10.VII.1975, VII.1975,
leg. Besuchet C., coll. Bovey P. & coll. Scherler P., MHNG,
MZL, NMBE; 15 ex., Tessin, s/Rovio, 21.VIII.1975, leg.
Besuchet C., MHNG; 6 ex., S. Nazzaro, IX.1993, leg. &
coll. Kutter-Trüb H., MZL; 4 ex., S. Nazzaro, IX.1993,
leg. Allenspach V., det. Bovey P., ETH.
Published data. Chiasso, Castello and Chiasso Tan-
nino by Fontana P. (Fontana 1947); Switzerland (Bovey
1987; Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga
et al. 2017).
Comment. Native to the Mediterranean region and the
Canary Islands, this monophagous species developing
on Ficus carica has been reported many times from the
south of Ticino, where most introduced g trees are con-
centrated. Since the species has been reported regularly
for more than 90 years, we consider it here as established
in Switzerland, even if no observations exist since 1993.
Furthermore, based on the numerous g trees in gardens
in other parts of Switzerland, continued expansion of H.
cus towards the north can be expected.
C24) [Liparthrum bartschti] Mühl, 1891
Published data. 2,8)Periv, 17.VII.1919 by Handschin E.
(Handschin 1963).
Comment. This species is only known from eastern
Europe (east Austria, Slovakia and Hungary) and is not
present in Switzerland. The specimen cited in literature
was a Polygraphus grandiclava, as already shown by
Bovey (1987). Liparthrumbartschti develops on Viscum
album growing on Populus spp.
C25) Ips duplicatus (C. R. Sahlberg, 1836)
Examined material. 194 ex., Altstätten SG, 25.IV.2019,
05.VI.2019, 15.VII.2019, leg. WSL, det. Schneider Mathis
D.; 5 ex., Gams SG, 25.IV.2019, 15.VII.2019, leg. WSL,
det. Schneider Mathis D.; 175 ex., Rüthi SG, 25.IV.2019,
25.VII.2019, leg. WSL, det. Schneider Mathis D.
Published data. 2)Craistas, 4.V.1953, 2)Il Fuorn,
19.V.1953, 2)Sta. Maria, 22.V.1953 and 2)Costeras,
20.VI.1953 by Handschin E. (Handschin 1963).
Comment. Bovey (1987) has already shown that the four
specimens cited by Handschin (1963) were in fact two in-
dividuals ofIpsamitinus and two individuals ofI.cembrae.
Ips duplicatus, originally distributed in northern Europe
and Siberia, was previously rare in Central Europe. A recent
serious outbreak in Czech Republic is currently colonizing
Europe toward the west and the species was discovered in
2017 in Rankweil (Austria), only a few kilometers from the
Swiss border (Steyrer 2018). In 2019, numerous specimens
were caught in the St. Gall region using pheromone traps
(Wermelinger B. pers. comm.). This species is expected to
increase its distribution in Switzerland in the next years.
C26) [Orthotomicus erosus] (Wollaston, 1857)
Examined material. 3)1 ex., Genève, Vessy, 3.VII., leg.
& coll. Maerky C., det. Bovey P., MHNG.
Published data. 2)zwischen Derborence und Ardon,
VIII.1949 by Besuchet C., det. Balachowsky A. (Linder
1953); 3)1 ex., Vessy GE, 1920 by Maerky C., MHNG
(Bovey 1987); 3)Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek
2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).

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91
Comment. The Mediterranean pine engraver beetle,
native to North Africa, Asia and the Pacic, is now well
distributed in Europe and North America. It develops on
dierent species of pine (Pinus spp.) and may cause dam-
age in pine forests. Unlike Bovey (1987) and Germann
(2010a), we do not consider O.erosus as part of the Swiss
fauna because the only examined specimen belongs to a
problematic collection that cannot be taken in account.
The data cited by Linder (1953) was a misidentication
(the specimen in question was in fact O. proximus), as
already mentioned by Bovey (1987). However, as O.
erosus is known from all neighboring countries (except
Germany), its presence in Switzerland remains possible.
C27) [Orthotomicus mannsfeldi] (Wachtl, 1879)
Examined material. 1,8)1 ex., Habsburg AG, 5.-12.
IX.2000, leg. WSL, det. Hölling D.
Published data. 1,8)1 ex., Habsburg AG, 2000 by WSL
(Germann 2010a).
Comment. This species is well distributed in southern
Europe and has been reported once from Switzerland. As
only one specimen was found despite regular monitoring
in the region and because its host plant (Pinus nigra) is
not a native species in Switzerland, O.mannsfeldi is not
considered as Swiss at the moment. It should be noted
that the specimen caught is unfortunatly no longer avail-
able for consultation.
C28) [Pityogenes bistridentatus] (Eichho, 1878)
Published data. 1)Forêt d’Aletsch, 1)Engadine by Bugnion
E. and 1)Grindelwald by Mühl (Favre 1890); 2) S-chanf,
8.VII.1919, 2)Val Trupchum, 8.VII.1919 and 2)Val dal
Botsch, VII.1926 by Handschin E. (Handschin 1963); 1)
Switzerland (Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. Some Pityogenes spp. conserved in Swiss
collections were rst identied as P.bistridentatus. However,
after examination, it appears that all these specimens were in
fact P.conjunctus, as already noted by Bovey (1987), Pfeer
(1995) and Germann (2010a). Therefore, P.bistridentatus is
not considered part of the Swiss fauna.
C29) [Pityogenes irkutensis monacensis] A. G. Fuchs,
1911
Published data. 1)Switzerland (Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, mainly known from eastern
Europe and developing on pine (Pinus sylvestris), is
not considered a Swiss species at present. Although its
presence remains possible in eastern Switzerland, no
specimens were found in the examined collections.
C30) [Phloeotribus cristatus] (Fauvel, 1889)
Examined material. 1,4,8)1 ex., Sierre, Guillebeau F.,
Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris).
Published data. 1,4,8)Valais, Sierre (Guillebeau 1893);
1,4,8)Sierre (Valais) (Bovey 1987); 1,4,8)Westschweiz (Pfef-
fer 1995); 1,4,8)Switzerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek
2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. A specimen of P.cristatus supposedly cap-
tured in “Sierre (Valais)” at the end of the 19th century
was used to describe a new species (P.helveticus Guille-
beau, 1893), later synonymized with P.cristatus by Pfef-
fer (1995). This taxon is known from northern Spain and
the Canary Islands, southern France and Corsica, Italia
and Sardinia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Turkey, Algeria,
Madeira, and Morocco and develops on Spartiumjunce-
um, Cytisusscoparius, Calicotome villosa (Poir.) Link, C.
spinosa (L.) Link, Genista spp. and Lygos spp. Given the
scant data available (inaccurate locality without date of
capture, absence of collector and the fact that the species
was never found again since the rst and only capture),
the near absence of its host plants in Valais (according to
the records of info ora) and the Mediterranean distribu-
tion of the species, P. cristatus is not considered Swiss
for the moment. However, the species was recently con-
rmed in northern Italy (Gatti 2011) and therefore has
potential for expansion into Switzerland, most likely in
Ticino (south of Switzerland).
C31) Polygraphus subopacus C. G. Thomson, 1871
Fig. 1D
Examined material. 1 ex., U. Zürich(berg), 4.III.1932,
leg. & coll. Lautner J., MHNG; 5 ex., U. Zürich(berg),
9.IV.1932, leg. & coll. Lautner J., NMB; 1 ex., Domleschg,
Realta, 13.V.1940, leg. Wolf J.-P., MHNG; 1 ex., Bern,
29.IX.1949, leg. Bärtschi, NMBE; 1 ex., Ins, Landvirtsch.
Schule [Landwirtschaftliche Schule], 11.VIII.1980, leg.
Reser-Rezbanyai L., det. Herger P., NMLU.
Published data. 1)Valais and 1)région de Bâle (Bala-
chowsky 1949); Switzerland (Bovey 1987; Germann
2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, well distributed in the north-
ern Europe, is only known from a few conrmed records
in Switzerland. According to Pfeer (1995) and Bala-
chowsky (1949), P.subopacus breeds on several species
of spruce (probably P.abies in Switzerland) in the moun-
tains and in peat bogs.
C32) Scolytus carpini (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Examined material. 1 ex., Genève, Onex, 16.VI.1974,
leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, Frontenex,
1.VI.1980, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Mte San Gi-
orgio TI, 7.VI.1982, leg. & coll. Scherler P., NMBE; 2
ex., Genève, B. de Jussy, 30.VI.1983, leg. Besuchet C.,
MHNG; 6 ex., Valais, Eich/Visp, 12.IX.1984, leg. Be-
suchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Arzo TI, 30.VI.1988, leg. &
coll. Scherler P., NMBE; 1 ex., Vaud, Bonvillars, La Cou-
dre, 6.VII.1988, leg. Steen J., MHNG; 1 ex., Cragno
TI, 30.VI.1990, leg. & coll. Scherler P., NMBE; 1 ex.,
Tessin, s/Capolago, 24.VI.1991, leg. & coll. Scherler P.,

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae92
NMBE; 2 ex., Genève, Bois de Jussy, 21.VII.1991, leg.
Besuchet C., MHNG; 14 ex., Hägendorf SO, 30.VI.–7.
VII.1994, 7.–14.VII.1994, 14.–21.VII.1994 and 28.VII.–
4.VIII.1994, leg. Flückiger P.; 3 ex., Rickenbach SO,
30.VI.–7.VII.1994, 6.–13.VII.1994, leg. Flückiger P.; 6
ex., Wangen bei Olten AG, 30.VI.–7.VII.1994, 7.–14.
VII.1994, leg. Flückiger P.; 2 ex., Brissago TI, 28.IV.–
5.V.1997, 10.–17.VI.1997, leg., Moretti M.; 1 ex., Locar-
no TI, 10.–17.VI.1997, leg. Moretti M.; 1 ex., Genève,
Champel, 12.VII.1998, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex.,
Brugg AG, 28.VI.–5.VII.2004, leg. Wermelinger B.; 1
ex., Pura TI, 29.VI.–6.VII.2004, leg. Moretti M.; 63 ex.,
Soazza GR, 6.–13.VII.2004, 13.–20.VII.2004, leg. Moret-
ti M.; 3 ex., Tägerwilen TG, 14.IV.2016, 27.VI.2016, leg.
& coll. Löderbusch W., det. Bense U.
Published data. 1)Zürich (Stierlin 1898); Switzerland
(Bovey 1987; Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Knížek
2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species, closely related to S.intrica-
tus but much rarer, is widespread in southern and cen-
tral Europe. Polyphagous on various broadleaved species
(mostly Carpinus spp. and Ostrya carpinifolia but also
Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica and Quercus spp.), S.
carpini is widely distributed in Switzerland but rarely
found. The Swiss specimens for which ecological data
are available were caught from Carpinusbetulus and Co-
rylus avellana.
C33) Scolytus ensifer Eichho, 1881
Examined material. 1 ex., Meride TI, 27.VI.1987, leg.
& coll. Scherler P., NMBE.
Published data. 1 ex. Tessin, Meride, 27.VI.1987,
leg. P. Scherler, NMBE (Germann 2009); Switzerland
(Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species is considered Swiss on the ba-
sis of a single specimen found in southern Ticino more
than 30 years ago. It is distributed throughout central Eu-
rope, from France to the Caucasus. Scolytus ensifer de-
velops on dierent species of alder (Ulmus spp.), but also
on Prunus spp. (Balachowsky 1949).
C34) Scolytus kirschii kirschii Skalitzky, 1876
Fig. 1E
Examined material. 3)1 ex., Bâle, IX.1907, leg. & coll.
Gaud A., MHNG; 1 ex., Suisse, Tessin, Lago di Muzzano,
24.VI.1988, leg. & det. Besuchet C., MHNG.
Published data. 1)Schweiz by Fankhäuser F. (Stierlin
1898); 1 ex. (female), Lago di Muzzano TI, 24.VI.1988,
leg. & det. Besuchet C., MHNG (Germann 2010b); Swit-
zerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zaraza-
ga et al. 2017).
Comment. Scolytuskirschiikirschii was rst mentioned
from Switzerland by Stierlin (1898), on the basis of a
single specimen collected by Fankhäuser F., without a
precise locality. However, the specimen was not found
in the Swiss collections and Bovey (1987) considered it
as doubtful. Nevertheless, a single female was caught the
following year on an elm in Muzzano and is now deposited
in the MHNG collections, which conrms its native status
(Germann 2010b). The specimen from “Bâle” belongs
to a problematic collection that should not be taken into
account. Developing on Ulmus minor mostly, but also in
U.laevis and U. glabra, this species is rare in Switzerland,
like most of other species developing on elm.
C35) [Scolytus triarmatus] (Eggers, 1912)
Published data. 1)1 ex., Bern, VI.1907, leg. Müller, col.
Hane, Bundesgymnasium Bludenz, Vorarlberg, Österre-
ich (Brandstetter and Kapp 1998); 1)Switzerland (Ger-
mann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species was announced as new for
Switzerland by Brandstetter and Kapp (1998), on the
basis of a single specimen labeled from Bern in 1907
by Müller A. J. and deposited in the collection of Hane
K. in Austria. However, we were not able to examine
this specimen and the information on the label is so
incomplete that it is not possible to consider this species
as native to Switzerland at this time. Scolytus triarmatus,
a monophagous species developing on Ulmusglabra is
present in central and east Europe and therefore has the
potential to expand into Switzerland.
C36) Cyclorhipidion bodoanum (Reitter, 1913)
Examined material. 3 ex., Genève, Charrot, VI.–
VII.1994, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Genève, Avully,
VII–VIII.1994, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 4 ex., Genève,
Louvière, VII–VIII.1994, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 3
ex., Vaud, Duillier, VII.–VIII.1994, leg. Besuchet C.,
MHNG; 3 ex., Genève, B. de Versoix, VI.–VII.1995, leg.
Besuchet C., MHNG; 2 ex., Pura TI, 23.–30.IV.2013,
18.–25.VI.2013, Moretti M.; 112 ex., Rapperswil-Jo-
na SG, 7.V.2015, 28.V.2015, 18.VI.2015, 7.VII.2015,
27.VII.2015, 20.VIII.2015, leg. Huber B., det. Büche B; 8
ex., Oberentfelden AG, 28.IV–5.VIII.2015, leg. Moser S.,
det. Bense U.; 11 ex., Villigen AG, 28.IV.–5.VIII.2015,
leg. Moser S., det. Bense U.; 34 ex., Wittnau AG, 28.IV.–
19.VIII.2015, leg. Moser S., det. Bense U.; 1 ex., Balm
bei Günsberg SO, 10.IV.–2.V.2018, leg. & coll. Chittaro
Y.; 1 ex., Orvin BE, 18.VII–14.VIII.2018, leg. Juillerat L.,
col. Sanchez A.; 1 ex., Delémont JU, 21.VI.–11.VII.2018,
leg. Wermeille E., coll. Sanchez A.; 1 ex., St-Gingolph
VS, 31.V.–14.VI.2019, leg. & coll. Chittaro Y.
Published data. “Schweiz, bei Genf [Genève],
MHNG”, Pfeer pers. comm. (under Xyleborusperegri-
nus Eggers 1944) (Köhler 1992); Switzerland (under Xy-
leboruspunctulatus Kurentzov) (Wittenberg 2006); Swit-
zerland (Germann 2010a; Kirkendall and Faccoli 2010;
Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This invasive species, native to South
Asia and now present in North America and Europe
(especially in Belgium, Germany, France, Italy and the
Netherlands), is considered as established in Switzerland

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93
on the basis of some occurrences in the north and west of
the country. It develops on dierent species of Fagaceae
(Kirkendall and Faccoli 2010). The quick expansion of
C.bodoanum in Europe allows for the possibility of a
similar expansion for Cyclorhipidionfukiense (Eggers,
1941), a species native to south-east Asia, which is al-
ready present only about 100 km from the Swiss border
(Dodelin B. pers. comm.) and will likely spread to Swit-
zerland as well.
C37) Heteroborips cryptographus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Fig. 1F
Examined material. 2 ex., Yvonand, 1944, V.1972, col.
Sermet A., MZL; 162 ex., Genève, Chancy, 22.VI.1974,
2.VII.1974, 7.VII.1974, 27.VII.1974, VIII.1974,
1.IX.1974, I.1975, 13.VII.1983, leg. Besuchet, coll.
Bovey P., MHNG, MZL; 5 ex., Genève, B. de Jussy,
30.VI.1983, leg. Besuchet C., coll. Bovey P., MZL.
Published data. 1)Chiasso by Fontana P. (Fontana
1947); Chancy, 1974 by Besuchet C. (Bovey 1987); Swit-
zerland (Germann 2010a; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zaraza-
ga et al. 2017).
Comment. Heteroborips cryptographus is widely
distributed in Europe but always rare. In Switzerland,
the species was only found a few times in the 1970s and
1980s, always under bark or on branches of aspen (Populus
tremula), which corresponds to the ecology of this species
described in the literature (P.tremula, P.nigra, P.alba).
C38) Xyleborinus attenuatus (Blandford, 1894)
Examined material. 3 ex., Thurg., Kesswil, 27.VII.1986,
leg. Besuchet C., MHNG; 1 ex., Frauenfeld, Ochsenfurt,
12.III.1989, leg. & coll. Brägger H.; 1 ex., Rickenbach/
SO, Hügert, 6.–13.III.1995, leg. WSL; 1 ex., Ricken-
bach/SO, Wisshubelallmend, 6.–13.III.1995, leg. WSL;
33 ex., Lostorf, 6.–13.III.1995, 6.–13.IV.1995, 6.–13.
IX.1995, 6.–13.X.1995, leg. WSL; 10 ex., Messen, 6.–
13.III.2001, 6.–13.IV.2001, 6.–13.III.2004, leg. WSL;
7 ex., Sarmenstorf, 6.–13.III.2004, leg. WSL; 3 ex.,
Habsburg AG, 6.–13.III.2001, 6.–13.III.2004, leg. WSL;
1 ex., Breil/Brigels GR, 30.III.–18.IV.2015, leg. Chittaro
Y., coll. Sanchez A.; 1 ex., Vergelleto TI, 7.IV.2014, leg.
& coll. Chittaro Y.
Published data. 2)193 ex., Naturschutzgebiet
Wildenstein (BL), 2000, leg. Walter T. (Walter et al.
2003); Switzerland (Wittenberg 2006; Germann 2010a;
Kirkendall and Faccoli 2010; Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species native to eastern Asia and
colonizing Europe is considered indigenous to Switzer-
land on the basis of only a few specimens. The specimens
from Kesswil were captured on Fagus sylvatica, while
the individuals from Olten were captured using traps.
The records from Wildenstein published by Walter et al.
(2003) were eventually shown to belong to X.saxesenii.
This species was not mentioned by Bovey (1987).
C39) Xyleborus eurygraphus (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Examined material. 6 ex., Irchel, [IX.1933], leg. Laut-
ner J., det. Bovey P.; 1 ex., Crêt du Locle, 30.III.1946,
leg. Anonymous, MHNG.
Published data. 6 ex., Zürich-Irchel, IX.1933, col.
Lautner J., NMB (Bovey 1987); Switzerland (Germann
2010a, Knížek 2011a, Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. This species occurs from Spain to the
Caucasus and North Africa but is always rare in Central
Europe (more common in southeastern Europe) (Schedl
1966). Xyleborus eurygraphus, which develops on
dierent species of pine (Pinus spp.), is considered native
to Switzerland on the basis of some specimens captured
in the north of the country in the 1930s and 1940s. It
has therefore not been found for more than 70 years in
Switzerland. The specimens from Irchel, supposedly
deposited in the NMB, were not found in these collections.
C40) Xyleborus pfeilii (Ratzeburg, 1837)
Examined material. 1 ex., Roulave, VIII.1991, leg. Be-
suchet C., MHNG.
Published data. 1)Unterwalden (Stierlin 1898); 1) Swit-
zerland (Bovey 1987; Germann 2010a; Kirkendall and
Faccoli 2010; Knížek 2011a; Alonso-Zarazaga et al. 2017).
Comment. Xyleborus pfeilii is an exotic species from
east Asia, now also distributed in Eastern Europe. Always
rare, this species was only found once in Switzerland. It
was, rather surprisingly, discovered in a beer trap placed in
an oak tree (Quercus spp.), although the species is known to
breed on alder (Alnus spp., A.glutinosa) and aspen (Populus
tremula). Since 1991, it has not been found in Switzerland.
C41) Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky, 1866)
Examined material. 1 ex., Pura TI, 16.–23.IV.2013, leg.
WSL; 1 ex., Caslano TI, 12.VI.2019, leg. WSL, col. A.
Sanchez.
Comment. This species, originally distributed in Asia,
was introduced many times in the world and was rst dis-
covered in Europe in Italy in 2003 (Penacchio et al. 2003)
and later in France in 2014 (source OEPP, Organisation eu-
ropéenne et méditerranéenne pour la protection des plantes).
Xylosandrus crassiusculus is a polyphagous species develop-
ing in many deciduous tree species. Even if it is considered as
pest species that could cause serious damages in broadleaved
forests (particularly in chestnut trees), only two specimens
were found in Switzerland since the rst occurrence in 2013.
C42) Trypodendron laeve Eggers, 1939
Examined material. 7 ex., Grisons, Zernez, Ova Spin,
4.VIII.1974, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG.
Published data. 7 ex., Zernez, Ova Spini GR,
4.VIII.1974, 1900 m ü. NN, leg. Besuchet C., MHNG
(Germann 2010b); Switzerland (Knížek 2011a; Alon-
so-Zarazaga et al. 2017).

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Andreas Sanchez et al.: Annotated checklist of Scolytinae and Platypodinae94
Comment. Native to southern China, Japan and Korea
(Lukášová et al. 2012), T.laeve, which develops on dif-
ferent species of pine, is now also distributed in eastern,
central and northern Europe. The status of this species is
still unclear in Europe, with some authors considering it
indigenous while others consider it an alien (Kirkendall
and Faccoli 2010; Lukášová et al. 2012). In Switzerland,
only seven individuals were caught on a pine trunk (Pinus
mugo) in eastern Graubünden in the 1970s and it has not
been found since then. Surprisingly, the specimens were
captured in August, which does not correspond with the
early phenology reported in the literature (Lukášová et al.
2012; Lukášová and Holuša 2014; Olenici et al. 2018).
Even if it is here assumed that T.laeve is established in
Switzerland, additional catches, with pheromone traps
baited for T.lineatum, would be welcome to conrm this
assumption. Trypodendron laeve ies slightly earlier in
the summer than T.lineatum but can also be found in late
summer (second generation).
Discussion
This commented list on the Swiss Scolytinae and Platy-
podinae is in keeping with other syntheses on various
beetle families published in the past years (Marggi and
Luka 2001; Carron 2005; Carron 2008; Luka et al. 2009;
Germann 2010a; Chittaro and Blanc 2012; Reibnitz et al.
2013; Monnerat et al. 2015b; Breitenmoser et al. 2016;
Chittaro and Sanchez 2016, 2019a, b; Cosandey et al.
2017; Sanchez and Chittaro 2018). It thus contributes
to improve the overall understanding of Swiss fauna.
Thanks to the distribution maps based on the collected
data (available on the info fauna – CSCF cartographic
server, www.cscf.ch), this work provides a thorough fau-
nistic overview on the current understanding of the spe-
cies of Scolytinae and Platypodinae.
Scolytinae are represented by 112 species in Swit-
zerland, while Platypodinae are represented by only one
species. Compared to the previous national lists (Bovey
1987; Germann 2010a), several species have been re-
moved while others are added to the list of native species.
Certain species (e.g. Orthotomicus erosus, Phloeotribus
cristatus) removed from the lists belong to problematic
collections for which we now have enough elements to
not consider them (Monnerat et al. 2015a) as belong-
ing the Swiss fauna. Other species (e.g. Coccotrypes
dactyliperda, Pagiocerus frontalis) are not retained for
Switzerland because their presence result of accidental
importations without proof of permanent establishment
of the species, a common phenomenon in the subfamily
Scolytinae. Concerning the additional species (e.g. Pityo-
phthorusbuyssonibuyssoni, Taphrorychussiculus), most
of them were collected before the publications of Bovey
(1987) and Germann (2010a) but were not mentioned.
The Scolytinae are represented by a very large number of
specimens in the museum collections and it is therefore
not surprising that some rare and cryptic species have
gone unnoticed. Other species (Ipsduplicatus, Xylosan-
drus crassiusculus) were not present in Switzerland when
these papers were published.
Members of the subfamily Scolytinae are known to be
very eective at colonizing new areas and many can be
invasive species (alien species) in Europe (Kirkendall and
Faccoli 2010). Some have already settled in central Eu-
rope and now form populations in natural environments
(e.g. Cyclorhipidion bodoanum, Dryocoetes himalay-
ensis, Xyleborinusattenuatus, Ipsduplicatus), while oth-
ers are at the gateway to Switzerland and will very likely
settle here in the next few years. Xyloterinuspolitus(Say,
1826), a North American species that develops in various
broadleaved trees, is already established in France and
Germany (Dodelin and Saurat 2017; Gebhardt and Do-
erer 2018). Cyclorhipidionfukiense, a south-east Asian
species also present in North America (Hoebeke et al.
2018), is already established in France. Many specimens
have indeed been caught close to the Swiss border near
Geneva in the west of the country (Savoie and Isère, Do-
delin 2018). Ambrosiophilusatratus (Eichho, 1875), an
Asian invasive species extremely polyphagous, is present
in Italy since 2007 (Faccoli 2008) and in France since
2018 (Dodelin B. pers. comm.). It is expected to be al-
ready also present in Switzerland. Because Scolytinae
can cause signicant damage to forests, specic research
should be conducted throughout the country, and more
specically along border areas, to rapidly identify species
that may settle in Switzerland. Pheromone traps could be
useful in discovering these new species.
Some native bark beetle species may be inconspicuous
and thus dicult to detect. Scolytuskoenigi (Schevyrew,
1890), a very rare species that grows exclusively on small
branches of maple trees (Acer spp.), may in fact be pre-
sent in Switzerland. More widely distributed in the Me-
diterranean region, it is also present in Central Europe in
the most thermophilic regions. In neighboring countries,
it has been conrmed from France, Italy and Austria (Do-
delin 2009; Sarikaya and Knížek 2013).
Acknowledgments
We are thankful to all the Swiss museum curators, who
welcome us so often and so kindly within their institutions
over the past few years as well as all the active coleopte-
rists who enriched by their knowledge the understanding
of the distribution of these species in Switzerland.
Special thanks to Boris Büche (Berlin, Germany), Be-
noît Dodelin (Lyon, France), Beat Forster (WSL, Switzer-
land), Barbara Huber (Thusis, Switzerland), Martin Obrist
(WSL, Switzerland), Fabien Soldati (Quillan, France),
Beat Wermelinger (WSL, Switzerland), for their helpful
advice on the mentioned species, and/or for the sharing of
their observations and bibliographic references. Finally,
we are grateful to Jessica Litman (MHNN) for her mean-
ingful comments on the manuscript and Michel Sartori
(MZL) for providing us with the photographic equipment.

Alpine Entomology 4 2020, 81–97
alpineentomology.pensoft.net
95
Milos Knížek’s part was supported by the Ministry of
Agriculture of the Czech Republic, institutional support
MZE-RO0118.
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Supplementary material 1
File S1.
Authors: Andreas Sanchez, Yannick Chittaro, Christoph
Germann, Milos Knížek
Data type: reference data
Explanation note: Publications for which data have been
fully collected, but which are not explicitly quoted in
the text.
Copyright notice: This dataset is made available under
the Open Database License (http://opendatacommons.
org/licenses/odbl/1.0/). The Open Database License
(ODbL) is a license agreement intended to allow us-
ers to freely share, modify, and use this Dataset while
maintaining this same freedom for others, provided
that the original source and author(s) are credited.
Link: https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.4.50440.suppl1