Content uploaded by Anthony Orji
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Anthony Orji on May 28, 2020
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Journal of Economics and Allied Research -Vol. 3 Issue 2,Dec. 2019
Abstract and Figures
Journal of Economics and Allied Research (JEAR) is a peer-reviewed open access journal published by the Center for Contemporary Economics and Allied Research, Department of Economics in collaboration with the University Press, University of Nigeria. The journal accepts state of the art research in the following areas: All areas of mainstream economics as well as other areas such as environment, health, economics geography, social and cultural issues, petroleum and energy economics, political economy and public policy.
The journal publishes articles quarterly. Articles involving cross sectional, cross country, time series and panel studies are welcome. In selecting articles for publication (from articles that have passed the review process) the journal will try to strike a balance among the subject areas and methodological approaches. In order to facilitate the speed of acceptance, articles addressing current economic problems or challenges with specific policy relevance will be given priority. Articles can be submitted online or as attachment to the email of the journal editor
(Email: jeareconunn@gmail.com)
Figures - uploaded by Anthony Orji
Author content
All figure content in this area was uploaded by Anthony Orji
Content may be subject to copyright.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Drawing on data collected from a survey of 156 randomly selected residents of Ikeji-Arakeji, this study evaluates rural quality of life (QoL) in Osun State, Southwest Nigeria. Findings showed that majority (52.6%) of the residents were living below poverty line. Results further revealed that residents were less satisfied with key quality of life indicators especially on availability of portable water, electricity, quality of recreational facility, cleanliness of the area and access to waste disposal facilities among others. That residents enjoyed a very low level of satisfaction on these indicators was owing to the fact that infrastructure related to them were either not available or in poor condition. The study therefore, concludes that the quality of life of rural residents in Nigeria is poor.Government and community intervention is therefore necessary in the provision of employment opportunity and infrastructure so as to improve the economic situation of the rural dwellers in the study area
Oil price shocks are generally seen as a major factor affecting the macroeconomic situation of the country, especially oil exporting countries such as Azerbaijan. While some authors have stated the direct channels of transmission of energy price shocks, other authors have considered the more of an indirect transmission of oil prices effects to the major macroeconomic variables. In this paper a cointegrated vector autoregressive model, vector error correction model model has been considered for Azerbaijan in order to study the response of inflation to oil price shocks. Empirical analysis shows that, for Azerbaijan there seems to be a statistical significant short-run relationship of unexpected oil price shocks on inflation rate that supported to reveal the imported inflation in Azerbaijan. Besides, there have been found a long run relationship running from exports, exchange rate, money supply, imports to the inflation in Azerbaijan as well. In conclusion, decreases in oil prices are transmitted to high imported inflation by lowering the value of domestic exchange rate and increasing the value of imports.
The fiscal policy reflects the state use of its economic programs, which includes revenues and expenditures in the best way. This is done by directing the state economic plans to determine the sources of income and how to spend them, and what are the most important spending trends such as wages of government employees and various service projects, to achieve the highest levels of economic balance. Economic growth represents the process of increasing real income in a cumulative and continuous manner over a period of time, where this increase must be greater than the rate of population growth. The aim of this paper is to review the research work conducted on fiscal policies and economic growth, noting that there are two types of fiscal policy; the first type is spending, while the second type is taxation. In addition, according to previous research, the relationship between fiscal policy and economic growth is not clear and consistent, where in some cases a positive relationship, while in others it may be a negative relationship. In this paper we will discuss the concept of fiscal policies, economic growth and the relationship between those two variables through some of previous research.
Purpose
Broom production and marketing is a local business industry operated by women in Nigeria. This activity serves not only as a source of livelihood to women but also has created job opportunities for the teeming unemployed persons in the rural areas. This paper aims to examine socioeconomic effects of small-scale women businesses in broom production and marketing industry in Nigeria with a view to analyze small-scale women businesses in Igbo Eze North District of Nigeria.
Design/methodology/approach
New economic theory was used to guide the study. The study adopted a quantitative research design comprising of semi-structured interviews, field observations, reference to relevant literature and a questionnaire survey of 340 female households engaged in broom production and marketing from fifteen villages. This sample size was selected using purposive sampling technique and Yamane formula. Frequencies and Spearman rank correlation were used to analyze the data.
Findings
The study found that broom production and marketing have an effect on the socioeconomic development of the people. The study found a positive relationship between broom production and marketing and income generated, education and occupation in the study area. This study concluded by suggesting that broom production in the study area should be mechanized to improve the quality and quantity of broom produced in the area.
Practical implications
This study has shown that Nigerian women have good potentials for entrepreneurship. Both the society and the government authorities should work together in supporting female ventures in Nigeria.
Originality/value
The paper empirically has shown the socioeconomic effects of small-scale women businesses in broom production and marketing on local household of Igbo Eze North District of Nigeria. This study stands as the first in Nigeria to consider the effects of broom production and marketing and how women in this part of Nigeria have used it to create job opportunities and opportunities of income for themselves and their families.
This study examines the effect of money supply on Economic Growth in Nigeria. The study used annual time series data for the period 1981-2015. Johansen co-integration approach is used to check the long run relationship among the variables while Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is used to measure the short run dynamics and Pairwise Granger causality test is used to check the direction of the causality between the variables. The empirical result confirms long run relationship among the variables where money supply and interest rate have positive significant impact while real exchange rate has negative significant impact on the economy. However, in the short run lagged value of MS has negative significant effect but lagged value of EXR has negative significant effect while lagged value of GDP and lagged value of INT do not have any significant effect on the economy. Moreover, the causality test reveals bidirectional causality between MS and GDP, unidirectional causality running from EXR to MS and INT to MS while there is no causality between EXR and GDP, INT and GDP, and also INT and EXR. In the conclusion, the study recommends expansionary monetary policy for achieving economic growth in Nigeria in addition to greater emphasis on the improvement of monetary policies and institutions for ensuring effective and efficient monetary system in Nigeria.
Since the end of the Cold War and the subsequent shift in political and economic relationships between the global North and South, the demand for good governance has become the shorthand for changing the scope of exercise of authority in aids-seeking nations from 'government' towards 'governance' with transparency, accountability, inclusiveness and wider scope for human rights, all becoming recurrent vocabularies. What is also often encoded in good governance is the fight against corruption. In response, most Sub-Saharan African governments have experienced decades of anti-corruption programmes initiated with the support of multinational agencies. While it is acknowledged that much progress has been made, the pace is however, discouragingly slow especially in countries like Nigeria and Kenya. This paper argues that understanding the differential foundational structures which breed corruption in various African states is central to achieving substantial progress in anti-corruption fights by designing the appropriate counter-mechanisms. In the light of current corruption scandals and political events in Nigeria, the paper examines prebendal politics in Nigeria as theorized by Joseph (1987) to postulate the trajectory of Nigeria's political economy into the future. It concludes by recommending the practice of full fiscal federalism in Nigeria. This would reduce concentration of excessive economic resources that promotes patronage politics at the Nigeria's central government. 2
This study adopts a resource-based view to model how location specific-factors
among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in coastal environments in
developing economies enable them to sustain clusters and contribute to economic
growth. Locations of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in
determining their survival. SMEs agglomerations are often due to natural resource
endowments and types of business climate in their environment. The amoebic nature
and economic roles they play have made them the bedrock of the micro economy in
most economies. This study contributes to the literature on cross-country comparison of
small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Zhenjiang (China) and in Lagos State (Nigeria).
The methodology used was mainly literature review and secondary research data from
World Bank and data sets from China and Nigeria. The findings highlight an upsurge in
research on SMEs in developing countries and how these enterprises have used location specific endowments to mitigate their resource limitation predicament. The learning
points are envisaged to contribute to strategic growth in international business and
foreign investments, knowledge for policy makers and to generate further comparative
location studies in developing countries.
We examine the impact of access to an improved water source and sanitation facility on maternal and neo-natal mortality. We analyze data from a sample of 32 Sub-Saharan African nations from 1990 to 2005 using a two-way fixed effects regression model. We find that access to both improved water and sanitation facilities are associated with decreased maternal and neo-natal mortality. We also consider other structural barriers or facilitators of good reproductive health and find that International Monetary Fund structural adjustment, gross domestic product per capita, female educational attainment, and conflict intensity are related to maternal and neo-natal mortality. We conclude by talking about the theoretical implications, methodological implications, policy suggestions, and directions for future research.
Given the importance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the European economy, it is essential to have adequate information about the various factors that determine their choice of location. However, the size of a company is often an aspect not covered in theoretical studies and empirical research on industrial locations and urban planning. This article examines the place of residence as a stimulator of SME development in suburbs. Multidisciplinary research carried out in the Gdańsk- Gdynia-Sopot Metropolitan Area, known as the Tricity, confirms this trend. The location determinants of SMEs in suburban areas were identified using a questionnaire. The survey was conducted in 251 enterprises located in seven municipalities with the highest suburbanisation rates within the Tricity. The study confirms that the municipalities characterised by the highest intensity of suburbanisation processes have higher business activity than other municipalities. Location decisions were largely made by business owners in line with behavioural theory. This means that SME owners more often consider personal factors than cost or demand factors. From the perspective of an entrepreneur, living conditions, the quality of public space, education and healthcare are significant.