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The effects of COVID - 19 Pandemic Outbreak on Food Consumption Preferences and Their Causes

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COVID 19 pandemic outbreak increased panic, anxiety, and depression level in both young and adult people. In the present study, the attitudes of families in terms of food consumption and shopping preferences towards COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and lockdown were investigated.
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169
Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science | Vol. 8 | Issue 3 | May 2020
Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science
2020, Volume 8, Issue 3, Page No: 169-173
Copyright CC BY-NC 4.0
Available Online at: www.jrmds.in
eISSN No. 2347-2367: pISSN No. 2347-2545
Corresponding author: Senol Dane
e-mail: senol.dane@nileuniversity.edu.ng
Received: 06/05/2020
Accepted: 21/05/2020
INTRODUCTION
COVID-19 disease orig    
December 2019. COVID-19 rapidly evolved
into a pandemic by late February 2020 [1]. It
seriously affected 210 countries and regions
     
    
case mortality rate of COVID-19 is averagely

     
     
      
      
for collaborative and supportive efforts of
a       
      uation
       
      


      

        


       
      

       

   
     

       
      

The effects of COVID - 19 Pandemic Outbreak on Food Consumption
Preferences and Their Causes
Bilal Celik1, Senol Dane2*
1Department of Economics, Faculty of Art and Social Sciences, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
2Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nile University of
Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Introduction: COVID 19 pandemic outbreak increased panic, anxiety and depression level in both young and adult people. In
the present study, the attitudes of families in terms of food consumption and shopping preferences towards COVID-19 pandemic
outbreak and lockdown was investigated.
Method: Four hundred eleven participants or families were included in this study. All of them accepted to participate in this study
voluntarily (303 men and 108 women). An online survey was generated to get the food preferences and their causes before and
after COVID 19 pandemic outbreak. The survey was conducted during the lockdown period of COVID-19 when all participants
were self-isolated at homes.
               


Conclusion: The results of the present study show that COVID 19 pandemic outbreak has a powerful impact on food consumption
preferences and their causes of families from various countries.
Key words: 
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE      

Bilal Celik et al J Res Med Dent Sci, 2020, 8 (3):169-173

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science | Vol. 8 | Issue 3 | May 2020


     

       

     
  
recommended some priory precautions include
     
      
[1].
  
is still going on     
     
     

      
      
     
      

    
    
      

       
       
       

     
        
     
     

    

    

        
   

 
      
means of online distance education systems.
    
    
related to COVID-19 can be cause of a lot of
     
      

    
      

       
       
     
     
    
    

METHODS
Participants
     

to participate in    
       
        
    
    

    
     
       


   

    tiality and privacy of


       
voluntarily.
Inclusion criteria
Willingness to participate.

Exclusion criteria
      


      

Gender Men: 303 (73.7%) Women: 108 (16.3%)
Country Nigeria: 207 (50.4%) Turkey: 129 (31.4%) USA: 21 (5.1%) Europa: 54 (13.1%)
Income Level Low: 102 (24.8%) Middle: 280 (68.1%) High: 29 (7.1%)
Table 1: Sociodemographic features of the participants (Number and percentage of participants).
Bilal Celik et al J Res Med Dent Sci, 2020, 8 (3):169-173

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science | Vol. 8 | Issue 3 | May 2020
Procedure
     


       
    
      
     
     
    
       
     

Statistical analyses
       

    

     
     
       

RESULT
     
       
     
     
    
       
      
       



      
      




     
   
     
Before (N%) Aer (N%)
Cost 130 (31.6%) 39 (9.5%)
Quality 61 (14.8 %) 130 (31.6%)
Health 100 (24.3%) 76 (18.5%)
Brand Mark 54 (13.1%) 115 (28%)
Shopping Venue 66 (16.1%) 51 (12.4%)
Table 2: The preference causes for food consumption or shopping before and after COVID 19 pandemic outbreak.
Before (N%) Aer (N%)
Meat 120 (29.2%) 94 (22.9%)
Vegetables 59 (14.4 %) 101 (24.6%)
Fruits 76 (18.5%) 109 (26.5%)
Canned Products 74 (18%) 66 (16.1%)
Bakery Foods 80 (20%) 41 (10%)
Table 3: The preferences for food consumption before and after COVID 19 pandemic outbreak.
Figure 1: The preference causes for food consumption and shopping before and after COVID 19 pandemic outbreak
Bilal Celik et al J Res Med Dent Sci, 2020, 8 (3):169-173

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science | Vol. 8 | Issue 3 | May 2020
     
      
consumption according to countries of families
     
     

      
consumption according to income levels of

DISCUSSION
      


   


        
        

      
 

     
     

     





      
    
     
        
      

     


    

      
    
      
    
      

       
      
     
      
       
      
       

        
preference causes in food consumption from cost
 
       
    
       
     
    
    
   

 


      

Figure 2: The preferences for food consumption before and after COVID 19 pandemic outbreak.
Bilal Celik et al J Res Med Dent Sci, 2020, 8 (3):169-173

Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science | Vol. 8 | Issue 3 | May 2020

      
      
      
     
       
       
     


CONCLUSION
       
      
impact on food consumption preferences and
     
      


     
  
       
       

REFERENCES
1.       

2. 
3. 


4.           

       

5.        
      

6.   
   
    

7.    
      

8. 
       

9.      
       

10.           
    

11.        
    
       

12. 
        


13.          
      

14.        



15.            
     
     

16. 


17.      

      
       

18.        
    

19.          

      


20. 
      
        

... Sales of plant-based foods, including meat substitutes, witnessed an increase, while sales of animal meat declined by [52]. Celik and Dane [125] demonstrated a shift in food consumption preferences before and during the pandemic across various countries, including Nigeria, Turkey, the USA, and European countries. Before COVID-19, meat and bread were the top preferences, but during the pandemic, fruits and vegetables took precedence. ...
... Before COVID-19, meat and bread were the top preferences, but during the pandemic, fruits and vegetables took precedence. This change could be attributed to the belief that fruits and vegetables contain essential vitamins to combat the virus [125]. In Slovenia, higher levels of COVID-19 risk perception were associated with a decrease in fresh meat consumption, while lower levels of this factor influenced an increased likelihood of bread consumption [53]. ...
Article
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The coronavirus has wreaked havoc on the global economy before the eyes of the entire world. Due to evolving consumer needs and expectations during the pandemic, the supply and demand for various goods and services varied from the pre-COVID-19 period. This article aims to understand the changes in purchasing and food choices, focusing particularly on meat and meat products, made by consumers and households in response to the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also indicates the impact directions of these changes and assesses the magnitude of the contribution of various determinants that influenced them. The literature review from 2020 to 2023 was conducted using Scopus and the Web of Science scientific databases. The study identified sociodemographic and individual factors as the main determinants influencing consumers’ purchasing or eating behavior. Positive shifts (e.g., implementing strategies to better manage food at home through activities like creating shopping lists, the average increase in consumer spending during store visits, and decrease in visit frequencies) or negative changes (e.g., shortages of food products in stores due to consumer panic buying, unusually high demand resulting from stockpiling, purchasing fewer fresh products, increased consumption of unhealthy foods and snacking, among other factors) during isolation were influenced by various individual factors (e.g., motivation, mental state) or sociodemographic factors (e.g., gender, age, income level, education). While individual factors had a greater impact on changes in consumer behavior in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, socio-demographic factors became more important as the pandemic progressed.
... Pandemic disease in recent years have made consumers realise that they need to reassess their food preferences and prioritise food quality and safety [6]. Therefore, food of pectin-based film and make it a value-added packaging material, various bioactive ingredients can be introduced into the packaging system, including plant extracts [23]. ...
Article
Full-text available
In this work, we developed an antioxidant and antibacterial red pectin food packaging material with natural Hibiscus sabdariffa flos. This study showed that this red pectin film (PJH, PCH, PCJH) containing Hibiscus extract exhibited antioxidant activity. The addition of hibiscus improved the barrier properties. The WVTR parameter values for the PJH, PCH and PJCH samples were as follows: 4.87 [g/m2d], 4.45 [g/m2d], and 4.48 [g/m2d]. The addition had a significant effect on the L* of the samples, i.e., PJH, PCH and PJCH films. This is a useful effect for films of selected products or product groups. Microbiological analyses of our red pectin films showed that they had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes. In the case of the Staphylococcus aureus strain, the inhibitory effect was shown by films that contained hibiscus extract: PJH, PCH and PJCH. This means that the added hibiscus increased the antimicrobial activity of our red films. An additional advantage of our pectin films is their red colour, which, in addition to its protective and ecological function, also plays a marketing role.
... These consequences are not only limited to a specific industry or region but can have a global effect. During pandemics, businesses may face significant challenges, including supply chain disruptions, reduced demand for goods and services, workforce shortages and even household economies (Berry et al., 2020;Celik and Dane, 2020;Kolomak, 2020;Shang et al., 2021). These challenges can cause delays or reduction in production, shortages in essential supplies, and, ultimately, financial losses. ...
Article
The outbreak of pandemics has dire consequences on businesses, industries and economies. The resulting ill-health and natural panic of the workforce tend to impact production levels, yet serious businesses such as mining ventures, must strive to make profit. To achieve objectives, businesses must put in measures to remain afloat. In this study, measures implemented by Chirano Gold Mines Limited (CGML) during Covid-19 were examined. Secondary production data spanning from 2019 to 2021 was used to appraise the performance of the mine in maintaining production levels in underground operations during the surge of the pandemic by using field visits and the administration of questionnaires. The data analysis showed that in 2020, 98.23 % and 72.72 % of the target for production and development, respectively, were met; also, 72.95 % and 92.61 % of the blasting target and ore tonnes mined were achieved respectively. Among the three years, 2020 had the highest ore production tonnage, with June recording the least value and October recording the highest value. The study found that education, effective communication of Covid-19 protocols, and the use of working shift manoeuvres were key in achieving the targets.
... We may speculate that being exposed to the interventions protected females from COVID-19-related disruptions in the food system, possibly leading to a decrease in FV consumption. Some studies are indicating this negative effect on diet quality [45,46] while others suggest an increased intake because of the believed boosted immunity [47][48][49]. However, the design of and data available from our study do not allow us to test this hypothesis directly. ...
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Introduction: The first case of COVID-19 in Nigeria was recorded on March 10, 2020. With a constant increment in numbers, all tertiary educational institutions were closed with an order of the Ministry of Education by March 20, 2020, and the government announced the initial lockdown of big cities on March 30, 2020. In this study, the information and anxiety levels of African university students against COVID-19 during the epidemic outbreak was investigated. Method: One hundred and eighty-three Nigerian university students participated in the study. Participants were 69 men and 114 women who were 17-21 years of age. To get their knowledge and anxiety scores, the questions selected by referencing previous and current epidemic studies were used. Results: The correct rate of knowledge was approximately 88% of Nigerian university students. The anxiety score was higher in women than in men. The students of the college of health sciences had higher knowledge scores than both students of faculty of natural and applied sciences and students of faculty of art and social sciences. Additionally, the 100 level students had lower knowledge scores than both 200 and 300 level students. Discussion: The gender difference supports the previous studies in which depression and alexithymia scores were high in women compared to men. The faculty difference may be attributed to a good and effective education of medical faculty students. The level difference may be attributed to the lower education level in the first-year students. Conclusion: The results of the present study and previous studies suggest that the knowledge levels should be increased and thus the anxiety levels should be decreased to overcome this disease via online systems. Also, the mental health of university students should be monitored.
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Introduction: At present, to prevent the spread of the epidemic, the Nigerian government has enforced strict quarantine measures across the country. In the present study, the anxiety and depression levels of academic and non-academic staff and their unemployment relatives of an African university towards COVID-19 during the epidemic outbreak was investigated. Method: Sixty-nine subjects were included in the study. Participants were 49 men and 20 women who were 17-21 years of age. To get their anxiety scores, the questions selected by referencing previous and current epidemic studies were used and Self Reporting Questionnaire, SRQ-20 to collect the data on depression. Results: The anxiety and depression levels were higher in women than in men. Academic staff had lower anxiety and depression scores than unemployed relatives of academic and non-academic staff. There was significant correlation between anxiety and depression scores. Conclusion: The low anxiety and depression levels in academic staff may be attributed to a piece of high and correct knowledge related to COVID 19. The correlation between anxiety and depression was weak in academic staff, but strong in non-academic and unemployed subjects. The present study and literature show that the knowledge levels of people should be increased to decrease their anxiety and depression by means of online systems.
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In this paper, we investigate the effect of an epidemic outbreak on consumer expenditures. In light of scanner panel data on consumers' debit and credit card transactions, we present empirical evidence that outbreaks cause considerable disruption in total consumer expenditures with significant heterogeneity across categories. Our findings strongly imply that customers alter their behaviors to reduce the risk of infection. The estimated effect of an epidemic outbreak is qualitatively different from that of other macroeconomic factors. The implications of this research provide important guidance for policy interventions and marketing decisions aimed at sustaining economic growth.
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A COVID-19 epidemic has been spreading in China and other parts of the world since December 2019. The epidemic has brought not only the risk of death from infection but also unbearable psychological pressure. We sampled college students from Changzhi medical college by using cluster sampling. They responded to a questionnaire packet that included the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and those inquiring the participants’ basic information. We received 7,143 responses. Results indicated that 0.9% of the respondents were experiencing severe anxiety, 2.7% moderate anxiety, and 21.3% mild anxiety. Moreover, living in urban areas (OR = .810, 95% CI = .709 - .925), family income stability (OR = .726, 95% CI = .645 - .817) and living with parents (OR = .752, 95% CI = .596 - .950) were protective factors against anxiety. Moreover, having relatives or acquaintances infected with COVID-19 was a risk factor for increasing the anxiety of college students (OR = 3.007, 95% CI = 2.377 - 3.804). Results of correlation analysis indicated that economic effects, and effects on daily life, as well as delays in academic activities, were positively associated with anxiety symptoms (P < .001). However, social support was negatively correlated with the level of anxiety (P < .001). It is suggested that the mental health of college students should be monitored during epidemics.