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Faculty of Homoeopathy, Tantia University, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India – 335002
ISSN: 0976-3031
Research Article
A VERIFICATION STUDY ON R.N.CHOPRA FINDINGS OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE TO REDUCE
BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS CASES
Parveen Kumar Sharma, Charanjeet Singh, P.K.Chakraborty and Siva Rami Reddy E*,
Faculty of Homoeopathy, Tantia University, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India – 335002
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1005.3517
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Diabetes Mellitus is metabolic disorder characterized by excessive glucose in blood circulation
mainly resulting from inadequate insulin secretion, insulin action or both and insulin resistance.
Gymnema sylvestre have reported beneficial effect for treating in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Objective: Effectiveness of homoeopathic medicine gymnema sylvestre in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Material and method: 60 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected and gymnema sylvestre
was prescribed for these cases and follow up was every one month, three months, six months and
nine months. Results: Over a period of nine months, there was significant reduction in blood sugar
levels (fasting and post prandial blood sugar) in test group compared to controlled group. ANOVA
repeated measures also showed significant difference P = 0.001. Conclusion: There is significant
reduction in fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar levels of test group (Gymnema sylvestre)
compared to control group (Placebo) in type 2 diabetes mellitus cases.
INTRODUCTION
Gymnema Sylvestre is available throughout the India. This
plant homoeopathic tincture is made from the leaves.
Gymnema Sylvestre homoeopathic medicine has been reported
by Dr. Lt. Col. R.N.Chopra (First Prover) in India and also
proving done in India. It used treated in diabetes, poisonous
snake bites and wound healing.
Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome with disordered metabolism
and inappropriate hyperglycemia due to either a deficiency of
insulin secretion or to a combination of insulin resistance and
inadequate insulin secretion to compensate. Type 2 diabetes
mellitus group comprising milder forms of diabetes that occur
predominantly in adults but occasionally in juveniles. More
than 75% of Indian people are under this classification. India is
second higher people suffering with this disease in the global1.
In United Kingdom, Sri Lank, Bangladesh, United States of
America, Australia and golf countries have been found to much
higher prevalence of diabetes than the native populations of the
respective countries2-4. Premature coronary heart disease is due
to excessive fat in intra abdominal region and insulin
resistance5. Tissue insensitivity of insulin has been noted in
most type 2 diabetes mellitus patients irrespective of weight
and has been attributed to several interrelated factors. These
include a putative genetic factor, which is aggravated in time
by additional enhancers of insulin resistance such as aging, a
sedentary life style and abdominal visceral obesity and
deficiency in the response of pancreatic B cells to glucose.
Hyperglycemia due to resistance to insulin and impaired B cell
response to glucose appear. Epidemiologic data indicate strong
genetic influences, since in monozygotic twins over 40 years of
age, concordance develops in over 70% of cases within a year
whenever one twin develops type 2 diabetes mellitus. 60 – 70%
obesity patients of North Americans, Europeans or Africans are
suffering with type 2 diabetes, 30% cases are from Chinese and
japans patients’ suffering with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 7
studies had been published detailing the prevalence of the
diabetes by the end of the 1960s 6-11. Migrant Asian Indian
more prone to get type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic
syndrome 12in various parts of the global such as Fiji, United
Kingdom and mauritius3,4,13-19. This Indian people have more
fasting insulin levels compared to the white people21,22.
Diabetes increased due to junk food and over eats of sweets in
Indian school children 23-25.
Clinical Features
Type 2 diabetes mellitus clinical features are Polyuria, thirst,
weakness or fatigue, polyphagia with weight loss, recurrent
blurred vision, vulvovaginitis or pruritus, peripheral
neuropathy, nocturnal enuresis. Mild hypertension is often
present in obese diabetics. Eruptive xanthomas on the flexor
surface of the limbs and on the buttocks and lipemia retinalis
Available Online at http://www.recentscientific.com
International Journal of
Recent Scientific
Research
International Journal of Recent Scientific Research
Vol. 10, Issue, 05(H), pp. 32661-32665, May, 2019
Copyright © Parveen Kumar Sharma et al, 2019, this is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original work is properly cited.
DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR
CODEN: IJRSFP (USA)
Article History:
Received 15th February, 2019
Received in revised form 7th
March, 2019
Accepted 13th April, 2019
Published online 28th May, 2019
Key Words:
Gymnema sylvestre, type 2 diabetes,
Homoeopathy.
Parveen Kumar Sharma et al., A Verification Study on R.N.Chopra Findings of Gymnema Sylvestre to reduce Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Cases
32662 | P a g e
due to hyeprchylomicronemia can occur in patients with
uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus who have a familial form
of hypertriglyceridemia.
Investigations
Urinalysis (glucosuria, ketonuria), blood testes
(glucosetolerance test, glycoslated hemoglobin, fasting and
post pandal) and lipoprotein abnormalities (LDL, HDL,
cholesterol) in diabetes.
Complications of Diabetes
In microvascular complications are diabetic cataracts, diabetic
retinopathy26,27, glaucoma, diabetic Neuropathy include
microalbuminuria, progressive diabetic nephropathy28-30(Indian
people have less rates compared to the white individuals31),
gangrene of the feet, diabetic neuropathy include with
peripheral neuropathy (distal symmetric polyneuropathy,
isolated peripheral neuropathy, painful diabetic neuropathy),
autonomic neuropathy ( management of autonomic neuropathy,
management of erectile dysfunction), skin and mucous
membrane complications. In macrovascular complications are
coronary artery disease32 and peripheral vascular disease. The
coronary artery disease also higher in Indian people compared
to the western countries33. Peripheral vascular disease is rare in
Indian patients compared to USA and UK 34,35. More than 25%
of Indian peoples suffer with diabetic foot ulcer during their
life time36and 8% of Tuberculosis37. The Research trials
showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus can be prevented in
peoples at high risk of developing the disease using lifestyle
modification, drugs or a combination of the two38-41.
Gymnema Sylvestre is excellent medicine for diabetes mellitus
also effacious in poisonous snake bites, urinary profuse loaded
with sugar. After passage of wine patient exlamins, this passing
of urine in large quantity has made me very weak. Urine colour
is white copious and specific gravit42. Gymnema sylvestre is
used for albuminurea, sleeplessness, debility and diabetes
insipidus. Absent mind, depression, morose, anxious, unable to
moody, face is pale, itching eruption on the face with burning
sensation, furuncles of the face, hungry feeling of the stomach
with drinks large quantities of cold water at a time yet dryness
persists, dry, great thirst and clean tongue, weakness of sexual
power. It is also efficacious in poisonous snake bites 43.
Traditional plants oral therapy World Health organization has
recommended that effective work on diabetes mellitus without
side effects44. Several reviews showed that medical plants had
antidiabetic activities45,46.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Period of Study
The study was conducted on the cases available from March
2018 to December 2018.
Sample Size
The sample consisted of 60 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus
visited to department of practice of medicine Out Patient
Department (O.P.D) and peripheral centers of Sri Ganganagar
Homoeopathic Medical College, Hospital and Research center,
Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India during the specified period.
Type of Study
This was verification study on Dr. Lt. Col. R.N. Chopra
findings of Gymnema sylvestre in type 2 diabetes mellitus
patients with three months, six months and nine months follow
up and comparison before, after with gymnema sylvestre
homoeopathic mother tincture.
Inclusion Criteria
Both sexes and aged between 30 to 65 years.
Cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus complaints.
Blood glucose levels less than 9 mmol/L in fasting
blood sugar, less than 11 mmol/L in post prandial blood
sugar.
Cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus where gymnema
sylvestre is indicated and prescribed the same in mother
tincture.
Exclusion Criteria
Patients who were on homoeopathic medicines other
than gymnema sylvestre mother tincture.
Taking medicines for diabetes mellitus complications.
Allergic to herbal medicines.
Chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Pregnancy.
Method
60 patients (Control group 30 patients and test group 30
patients) were enrolled by simple non random method.
Diagnoses of the cases were made based on relevant clinical
history and laboratory values obtained during the first visit
according to current medical diagnosis and treatment
guidelines47. Thirty potency of gymnema sylvestre was
prescribed for the above cases and was followed for a period of
three months, six months and nine months. Each selected case
was recorded on the standardized case record with a special
attachment evolved particularly for this study. Diet and
exercise were given instruction clearly for minimum 30days to
selected patients. Approximately 60% carbohydrates, 20%
proteins and 20% fats were allowed during study period.
Remedy Used
Mother tincture of homoeopathic remedy Gymnema sylvestre
brought from homoeopathy pharmacy, Sri Ganganagar,
Rajasthan, India. 200 µl/kg body weight gymnema sylvestre
mother tincture was given twice daily for a period of study.
Follow up was watched and analyzed as per criteria set up in
each case according to standard guideline of homoeopathy
using the symptomatology of the patient.
Follow up and Symptomatic Assessment
Each follow up was taken on special follow up sheet of
examination findings e.g. blood pressure, weight,
investigations, diet and exercise. Each case was evaluated by
the homoeopathic physician, dietician, general physician and
pathologist. Baseline investigations done in each case were
fasting and post prandial blood sugar, glycosylated
haemoglobin, urine examination, serum creatinine, lipid
profile, electrocardiogram, ultra sound abdomen and
ophthalmic check up. Each follow up was one month, three
months, six months, nine months and assessed according to the
guidelines given in standardized case record follow up sheet. A
International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 10, Issue, 05(H), pp. 32661-32665, May, 2019
32663 | P a g e
diabetes complaint was graded according to the intensity,
aggravation, presence and absence. Blood glucose values of
each patient were estimated again, minimum twice, which after
one month, three months, six months and nine months.
Statistical Analysis
The collected data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, P
value and ANOVA
Research Hypothesis
There is a significant decrease in blood sugar levels in type 2
diabetes mellitus before and after homoeopathic treatment with
gymnema sylvestre.
Null Hypothesis
There is no significant decrease in blood sugar levels in type 2
diabetes mellitus before and after homoeopathic treatment with
gymnema sylvestre.
RESULTS
Among 60 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with mean ± SD,
maximum cases were observed in age group of 30-40 years in
18 (30%) cases, 40-50 years in 19 (31.66%) cases, 50-60 years
of age group had 21 (35%) cases, 60 – 65 years in 2(3.33%)
(Table 1 – A) and patients were in the male 33(55.00%) and 27
(45.00%) patients were females out of 60 cases. In verification
research Gymnema sylvestre mother tincture was prescribed to
the patients according to the totality of symptoms and
similarity. The observations were made Gymnema sylvestre is
the most effective medicine for the verification study.
The study of 60 patients showed a ration of male to female
subjects was 30 and 30 (Table 1- B). Baseline data for control
group and test groups (Gymnema sylvestre) were analyzed on a
subject wise basis which has been shown in Mean ± Standard
deviation (SD) baseline control group, Fasting Blood Sugar
was 8.42± 0.28, Gymnema sylvestre group base line was 8.45±
0.30. P value showed that 0.5582. After 3 months in the control
group base line was 8.27± 0.24 and Gymnema sylvestre group
base line was 7.43± 0.36, P value showed after three months
duration of the study was 0.0001.After six month duration in
the control group base line was 8.15± 0.21 and Gymnema
sylvestre group was 6.54 ± 0.21. P value showed after six
months was 0.0001. After nine months in the control group
base line was 8.03±0.14 and Gymnema sylvestre group was
5.30±0.26, P value showed that 0.0001 (Table 2). 60 diagnosed
cases of diabetes were studied for a period of 3, 6 months and
nine months, fasting blood sugar and post prandial blood sugar
levels were checked in every 3 month, 6 months and 9 months
(before, during and after the treatment) in mmol/L.
The following observation was made in Mean ± SD baseline
control group, post prandial blood sugar was10.56± 0.28
Gymnema sylvestre group base line was 10.65± 0.35, P value
showed that 0.2713. After 3months in the control group base
line was 10.16± 0.33 and Gymnema sylvestre group base line
was 9.69 ± 0.54, P value showed after three months duration
the study 0.0001. After six months duration in the control
group base line was 9.56 ± 0.45 and Gymnema sylvestre group
was 8.64 ± 0.48, P value showed after six months was 0.0001.
After nine months in the control group base line was 9.37±0.40
and Gymnema sylvestre group was 7.76±0.48, P value showed
after nine months was 0.0001 (Table 2). Repeated measures
ANOVA was performed comparing data obtained at baseline,
at three months, six months and nine months, which also
revealed significant difference between the two groups, control
group in fasting blood sugar was F= 14.592 and Gymnema
sylvestre group fasting blood sugar F= 599.019; fasting blood
sugar of control and Gymnema sylvestre P value was 0.0001
and control group of post prandial blood sugar was F value
79.441 and Gymnema sylvestre group post prandial blood sugar
F= 217.472; Post Prandial blood sugar and Gymnema sylvestre
P value was 0.0001.Which denotes a significant reduction in all
the clinical parameters which includes Fasting blood sugar and
post prandial blood sugar at baseline, three months, six months
and nine months after homoeopathic administration with
Gymnema sylvestre mother tincture in type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Table 2).
(B)Distributions of cases according to age group
Age Group No. of Cases Percentage (%)
Male 33 56.66
Female 27 43.33
Total 60 100
(C) Distributions of cases according to Blood Glucose Levels
Blood Glucose No. of Cases Percentage (%)
FBS 30 50.00
PPBS 30 50.00
Total 60 100
F.B.S: Fasting Blood Sugar; PPBS: Post Prandial Blood Sugar
Table 2 Blood Sugar (mmol/L) changes in the two groups over
different points in time
Groups Baseline 3 Months 6 Months 9 Months
F value¥
P value
¥
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS)
*
Control
(n=30) 8.42 ± 0.28 8.27 ± 0.24 8.15 ± 0.21 8.03 ± 0.14
14.592 <0.00001
Gymnema
sylvestre
(n=30)
8.45 ± 0.30 7.43 ± 0.36 6.54 ± 0.21
5.30 ± 0.26
599.019
<0.00001
P Value 0.5582 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS)
*
Control
(n=30) 10.56 ± 0.28 10.16 ± 0.33 9.56 ± 0.45 9.37 ±0.40 79.441 <0.00001
Gymnema
sylvestre
(n=30)
10.65 ± 0.35 9.69 ± 0.54 8.64 ± 0.48 7.76±0.48 217.472
<0.00001
P Value 0.2713 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
¥Repeated measures ANOVA was carried out with time as
factor versus group for showing difference between the groups,
*Independent t test was carried out for showing the difference
between the groups at each time point. i.e. at 3 months, 6
months and 9 months.
DISCUSSION
Out of 60 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with mean ± SD,
maximum cases were observed in age group of 30-40 years in
18 (30%) cases, 40-50 years in 19 (31.66%) cases, 50-60 years
Table 1 Baseline Characteristics
(A) Distribution of cases according to gender
Gender No. of Cases Percentage (%)
30-40 18 30.00
40-50 19 31.66
50-60 21 35.00
60-65 2 3.33
Total 60 100
Parveen Kumar Sharma et al., A Verification Study on R.N.Chopra Findings of Gymnema Sylvestre to reduce Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Cases
32664 | P a g e
of age group had 21 (35.00%) cases and 60-65 years in
2(3.33%) (Table 1 – A) and patients were in the male
17(55.00%) and 13 (45.00%) patients were females out of 60
cases. In verification research Gymnema sylvestre mother
tincture was prescribed to the patients according to the totality
of symptoms and similarity. The observations were made
Gymnema sylvestre mother tincture is the most effective
medicine for the verification study
It was observed that there was a significant reduction in Fasting
Blood Sugar (FBS) and Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS)
values in base line, three months, six months and nine months
of Gymnema sylvestre. Up to now Gymnema sylvestre has not
been used widely in maintenance patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus. In this verification study we examined a dentifrice
form containing Gymnema sylvestre homoeopathy drug to
evaluate its effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results of
this verification study suggest that the homoeopathy Gymnema
sylvestre is sufficiently safe and effective in the treatment of
diabetes mellitus (type two) as compared to the placebo group.
This study demonstrates a significant reduction in the mean of
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Post Prandial Blood Sugar
(PPBS) of Gymnema when comparing results of control group.
The diabetes mellitus cause serious complications to human
body. It leads to acute complications (micorvascular) as well as
chronic complications (macrovascular). Therefore, it is
suggested that more studies must be designed to find out the
exact antidiabetic effects of Gymnema sylvestre on type 2
diabetes mellitus. The reviews concluded positive outcome in
controlling in diabetes mellitus (type two) with allopathic drugs
(antidiabetic). But Homoeopathic medicine Gymnema sylvestre
was not prescribed in none of the experimental, observation
studies and constituent studies except Dr .R. N. Chopra.
CONCLUSION
The research showed that significant reduction in blood glucose
levels with gymnema sylvestre. Gymnema sylvestre plays an
important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
There was no side effective during the treatment and it can be
concluded that homoeopathic Gymnema sylvestre can be help
the diabetic (type 2) patients to take a new lease on life (Dr. R.
N. Chopra findings).
During the study it was observed that in almost all the cases the
homoeopathic medicine gymnema sylvestre responded well.
There is a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar, post
prandial blood sugar levels in test group with gymnema
sylvestre. Thus, we can conclude that gymnema sylvestre
mother tincture used with holistic approach is very effective in
treating the cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Limitations
Duration was nine months only.
Financial Support and Sponsorship
Nil.
Conflict of Interest
None declared.
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How to cite this article:
Parveen Kumar Sharma et al., 2019,
A Verification Study on R.N.Chopra Findings of Gymnema Sylvestre to reduce Blood
Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Cases. Int J Recent Sci Res. 10(05), pp. 32661-32665.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1005.3517
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