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Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 1
An annotated checklist of the coastal forests
of Kenya, East Africa
Veronicah Mutele Ngumbau1,2,3,4, Quentin Luke4, Mwadime Nyange4,
Vincent Okelo Wanga1,2,3, Benjamin Muema Watuma1,2,3,
Yuvenalis Morara Mbuni1,2,3,4, Jacinta Ndunge Munyao1,2,3,
Millicent Akinyi Oulo1,2,3, Elijah Mbandi Mkala1,2,3,
Solomon Kipkoech1,2,3, Malombe Itambo4,
Guang-Wan Hu1,2, Qing-Feng Wang1,2
1 CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Gar-
den, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China 2 Sino-Africa Joint Research Center (SA-
JOREC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China 3 University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 4 East African Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, P. O. Box 45166
00100, Nairobi, Kenya
Corresponding author: Guang-Wan Hu (guangwanhu@wbgcas.cn)
Academic editor: P. Herendeen|Received 23 December 2019|Accepted 17 March 2020|Published 12 May2020
Citation: Ngumbau VM, Luke Q, Nyange M, Wanga VO, Watuma BM, Mbuni YuM, Munyao JN, Oulo MA, Mkala
EM, Kipkoech S, Itambo M, Hu G-W, Wang Q-F (2020) An annotated checklist of the coastal forests of Kenya, East
Africa. PhytoKeys 147: 1–191. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.147.49602
Abstract
e inadequacy of information impedes society’s competence to nd out the cause or degree of a prob-
lem or even to avoid further losses in an ecosystem. It becomes even harder to identify all the biologi-
cal resources at risk because there is no exhaustive inventory of either fauna or ora of a particular re-
gion. Coastal forests of Kenya are located in the southeast part of Kenya and are distributed mainly in
four counties: Kwale, Kili, Lamu, and Tana River County. ey are a stretch of fragmented forests ca.
30−120km away from the Indian Ocean, and they have existed for millions of years. Diversity of both
fauna and ora is very high in these relicts and the coastal forests of Eastern Africa, extending along the
coast from Somalia through Kenya and Tanzania to Mozambique, are ranked among the priority bio-
diversity hotspot in the world. In spite of the high plant species richness and their importance towards
supporting the livelihoods of the communities that live around them, oristic studies in these forests have
remained poorly investigated. Hence, based on numerous eld investigations, plant lists from published
monograph/literature, and data from BRAHMS (Botanical Records and Herbarium Management Sys-
tem) database at East African herbarium (EA), we present a detailed checklist of vascular plants recorded
in this region. Our results show that Kenyan coastal forests play an essential role in the ora of Kenya and
PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.147.49602
http://phytokeys.pensoft.net
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CHECKLIST
Launched to accelerate biodiversity research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
2
the plant diversity of the coastal forests of East Africa. e checklist represents 176 families, 981 genera,
2489 species, 100 infraspecic taxa, 90 endemic plants species, 72 exotic species, and 120 species that are
included in the current IUCN Red List of reatened Species as species of major concern. We also discov-
ered three new species to the world from these relicts. us, Kenyan coastal forests present a remarkable
and signicant center of plant diversity.
Keywords
Biodiversity, checklist, coastal forests, endemic, threatened species
Table of contents
Introduction ............................................................................................................. 2
Material and methods............................................................................................... 4
Study area .......................................................................................................... 4
Plant collection and nomenclature ..................................................................... 4
Results and conclusion ............................................................................................. 6
Species diversity ................................................................................................. 6
Growth forms .................................................................................................... 6
Species in need of conservation attention ........................................................... 7
Endemic species of Kenyan coastal forests .......................................................... 8
New Records .................................................................................................... 11
Exotic species ................................................................................................... 11
Conclusion....................................................................................................... 13
Checklist ................................................................................................................ 15
Part 1 Lycophytes ............................................................................................. 16
Part 2 Monilophytes ......................................................................................... 16
Part 3 Gymnosperm ......................................................................................... 20
Part 4 Angiosperms .......................................................................................... 21
Acknowledgments ................................................................................................ 188
References ............................................................................................................ 189
Introduction
Africa is among the world’s major centers of endemism and species-rich biodiversity re-
gions (Burgess and Clarke 2000; Linder 2001). It hosts several centers of diversity with
the eastern moist forests, which include coastal forests of East Africa and Eastern Arc
forests as one of the signicant centers of diversity (Lovett 1998). Another important
center is the Congo Basin rainforest, which forms the second largest extent of continu-
ous rainforest in the world (Linder 2014). Hamilton (1974, 1982) presented four cent-
ers of endemism in Africa, which include Kivu, the East African coast, Cameroon Ga-
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 3
bon area, and possibly small refugia in West Africa. Brenan (1978), working with data
arranged according to country, identied the same regions as being rich in endemism.
Coastal forests of Eastern Africa are ranked among the 35 identied world’s bio-
diversity hotspots due to the concentration of many endemic species and habitat loss
(Mittermeier et al. 1998, 2004; Olson and Dinerstein 1998). Together with the East-
ern Arc mountains, they contain approximately 2000 endemic plant species (WWF–
US 2003b ). ese forests have lived for millions of years, of which they existed as a
continuous belt of forest between the East and West coast referred to as the ancient
Pan-African forest. However, uctuation of climate, during the last 2 million years,
caused their fragmentation, leading to loss of some lowland dry forests in Africa (Haw-
thorne et al. 1981). Today, these forests have lost considerable amounts of their wilder-
ness due to anthropogenic pressures leading to small fragments up to less than 5 km2,
with the most extensive patches recorded in the Kenya coastal forests (Wass 1995;
Habel et al. 2017).
Loss of habitat due to human activities is the most severe threat to biodiversity
and has become a major global environmental problem (Collinge 1996), hence, plant
diversity protection has attracted more attention. Coastal forests of East Africa are
ranked among the world’s ten most threatened forest hotspots because they have lost
more than 90% of their original habitat. Similarly, Brooks et al. (2002) and Azeria
et al. (2007) pointed out that Northern Kenya and Southern Tanzania coastal forests
should be highly prioritized because they are in danger of losing most of their biodi-
versity in coming times.
Floristic studies, however, provide a basic outline for plant conservation. Based on
these studies, it is possible to determine the condition of an ecosystem, the primary re-
lationships of species with each other or with the environment, and the identity of rare
species or widespread species (Ivanauskas et al. 2007). erefore, they must be carried
out not only in a particular area but also over time (Mota et al. 2017). In spite the coast-
al forests of Kenya acting as signicant reservoirs of carbon and biodiversity, and sup-
porting the livelihoods of rural people, plant species diversity remains poorly studied.
Despite a substantial amount of oristic research having been performed over the last
decades on some of the Kenyan coastal relicts, (Robertson and Luke 1993; Lehmann
and Kioko 2005; Luke 2005), a comprehensive study of the whole coastal region of
Kenya is still extremely urgent due to its vast area and large number of threatened and
endemic taxa. In addition, these forests are vital in providing ecological services at
local, national, and global levels; it is therefore, crucial to understand their composi-
tion. Here we aim at presenting a detailed checklist of vascular plants recorded in the
whole coastal region of Kenya. We achieved this through numerous eld investigations
carried out from 2015 to 2018, checking of plant species data from published mono-
graphs or literature (Beentje 1994; Luke 2005; Flora of Tropical East Africa (FTEA)
1952–2012), and obtaining data documented in the BRAHMS (Botanical Research
and Herbarium Management System) database at the East African Herbarium (EA).
We also document endemic and threatened species found in this region.
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
4
Material and methods
Study area
e study was carried out in the Kenyan coastal region located in the southeast part
of Kenya (Fig. 1). Coastal forests are mainly distributed in four counties in the coastal
province of Kenya, lying within the latitude of 1°40' to about 4°40' south and between
0–ca. 840 m a.s.l. especially at around Kilibasi (Moomaw 1960; Robertson and Luke
1993). ey are part of the larger coastal forests of East Africa which cover an area of
approximately 3170 km2 (Azeria et al. 2007; Wegner et al. 2009) of which, Kenyan
coastal forests cover about 787 km2 (Younge et al. 2002; Burgess et al. 2003). ey
contain various forest patches with Arabuko Sokoke, and Shimba hills National Re-
serves forests being the largest remaining forests patches (Burgess et al. 1998, 2003;
Younge et al. 2002; Matiku et al. 2013). Younge et al. (2002), estimated a total area
covered by the coastal woodland/bushland to be 120 000 ha. Of this, 114 460 ha are
in national reserves, 50 790 ha is in forest reserves, 16 000 ha remains ungazetted,
and 10–200 ha are in the sacred Kaya Forests. e coastal region of Kenya supports
a mosaic of dierent vegetation types. Much of the area supports bushland or thicket
habitats, transition woodland, swampy forests, edaphic grasslands habitats, moist for-
ests, and dry forests. e littoral vegetation includes mangrove vegetation along some
parts of the coast and shoreline vegetation (Githitho 2004).
Plant collection and nomenclature
Plant species data for the checklist of Kenya coastal forests were obtained from three
primary sources. Firstly, collection records collected during oristic surveys carried out
between 2015 and 2018. Dierent forest patches were visited and surveyed at dierent
seasons to mainly cover the area where there had been few or no previous collections.
e investigations included random walks while collecting fertile plant specimens.
Details of collected specimens were recorded in a notebook. Information such as habit,
habitat, location, and collector details were recorded as well. All collected materials
were then processed (pressed and dried) and later deposited at the East Africa herbar-
ium (EA). Duplicates were stored at Wuhan Botanical Garden (HIB). Secondly, plant
species data were obtained from the BRAHMS (Botanical Research and Herbarium
Management System) database in the East Africa herbarium (EA). Lastly, plant spe-
cies data for coastal forests of Kenya were assembled from monographs and published
literature (Beentje 1994; Luke 2005; FTEA 1952–2012).
Further information about the species recorded at the coastal forests was checked
on specimens found in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) (www.
gbif.org). Identication of collected specimens was made using taxonomic mono-
graphs/oras (FTEA) also through checking and comparing with identied specimens
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 5
Figure 1. A map showing the study area and distribution of forest patches along the Kenyan coastline.
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
6
at the East African Herbarium (EA). Family and species circumscription, as well as
spelling, authorities, and synonyms of scientic names, were updated based on on-
line databases such as African plant database (www.villege.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa),
Catalogue of life (Roskov et al. 2019), and Tropicos (www.tropicos.org). Finally, we
identied threatened and near threatened species based on the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of reatened Species (IUCN 2019).
Results and conclusion
Species diversity
A total of 2489 vascular plant species and 100 infraspecic taxa (subspecies and
varieties) belonging to 981 genera and 176 families are comprehensively listed and
presented here. is represents 39.55%, 63.78%, and 78.67%, respectively, of the
total number of taxa found in Kenya ora (FTEA 1952–2012). Also, it represents
more than half the total number of plant species found at the coastal forests of East
Africa (WWF–US 2003b). 120, 89, and 72 entries represent threatened and near
threatened, endemic, and exotic species of the coastal forests of Kenya, respectively
(Tables 5, 7, 9). ree new species were discovered and described from these relicts;
Adenia angulosa Passioraceae (Ngumbau et al. 2017) recorded from the coastal
forests of Kenya and Tanzania, Zehneria monocarpa, Curcubitaceae (Ngumbau et al.
unpublished) from Kenyan coastal relicts, and Croton kinondoensis, Euphorbiaceae,
(Ngumbau et al. in press). Morphology and ITS sequence of Croton kinondoensis
placed it under the Adenophorus group, which is known to be endemic to Madagascar
and Comoros Islands. is new entity represented an independent dispersal of Croton
from Madagascar to Africa mainland (Ngumbau et al. in press).
e top 5 most species-rich families for coastal forests of Kenya are Fabaceae
(226 species), Poaceae (207 species), Rubiaceae (137 species), Malvaceae (117 spe-
cies), and Cyperaceae (111 species). e top 5 most species-rich genera are Cyperus
(48 species, Cyperaceae), Euphorbia (28 species, Euphorbiaceae), Justicia (27 species,
Acanthaceae), Ipomoea (25 species, Convolvulaceae), and Crotalaria (23 species, Fa-
baceae) (Table 1).
Growth forms
e growth forms (trees, shrubs, lianas, and herbs) have widely dierent mechanical
architectures, which can also vary phenotypically with the environment (Rowe and
Speck 2005). In the coastal forests of Kenya, herbs represent the highest percentage of
life form with 48.09%, followed by shrubs 19.96%, trees 15.79%, climbers 8.28%,
lianas, 6.07%, and epiphytes 1.81% (Table 2).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 7
Table 1. e 10 largest families and genera of the vascular plants of Kenya coastal region.
Family Genus Species Genus Species
Fabaceae 80 226 Cyperus 48
Poaceae 72 207 Euphorbia 28
Rubiaceae 63 137 Justicia 27
Malvaceae 30 117 Ipomoea 25
Cyperaceae 18 111 Indigofera 24
Acanthaceae 30 108 Crotalaria 23
Apocynaceae 53 101 Berlaria 19
Euphorbiaceae 26 87 Ficus 19
Asteraceae 49 82 Combretum 19
Lamiaceae 18 67 Hibiscus 18
Orchidaceae 23 60 Grewia 17
Table 2. Growth habit of the plants of Kenya coastal region.
Habit No. of species Percentage
Trees 393 15.79%
Shrubs 497 19.96%
Lianas 151 6.07%
Climbers 206 8.28%
Herbs 1197 48.09%
Epiphytes 45 1.81%
Total 2489 100%
Table 3. IUCN category and number of species representing in each category.
IUCN category No. of Species Percentage
Extinct in wild (EW) 1 0.83%
Critically endangered (CR) 11 9.17%
Endangered (EN) 30 25%
Vulnerable (VU) 52 43.33%
Near threatened (NT) 26 21.67%
Total 120 100%
Species in need of conservation attention
e Red List and Red Data species system is an approach developed by the IUCN
for evaluating the conservation status of species, and in particular for identifying and
documenting species in need of conservation attention (IUCN 2019). According to
this system, 120 species from the coastal forests of Kenya (Table 5), belonging to 39
families and 98 genera were categorized as Extinct in the wild (EW), Critically En-
dangered (CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU), and Near reatened (NT). Of
120 species recorded, one taxon was recorded as extinct in the wild, 11 were critically
endangered, 20 endangered, 52 vulnerable, and 26 near threatened (Table 3). e top
three families which had most of its members threatened and near threatened were
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
8
Table 4. Families with the largest to the smallest number of threatened and near threatened taxa and their
percentage representatives.
Family No. of species Percentage (%)
Acanthaceae 21 17.5
Fabaceae 17 14.17
Annonaceae 14 11.67
Rubiaceae 9 7.5
Moraceae 5 4.17
Asphodelaceae 4 3.33
Loranthaceae 4 3.33
Araceae 3 2.5
Asteraceae 3 2.5
Malvaceae 3 2.5
Orchidaceae 3 2.5
Burseraceae 2 1.67
Combretaceae 2 1.67
Euphorbiaceae 2 1.67
Melastomataceae 2 1.67
Meliaceae 2 1.67
Putranjivaceae 2 1.67
Sapotaceae 2 1.67
Anacardiaceae 1 0.83
Apocynaceae 1 0.83
Burmanniaceae 1 0.83
Buxaceae 1 0.83
Canellaceae 1 0.83
Connaraceae 1 0.83
Crassulaceae 1 0.83
Ebenaceae 1 0.83
Gesneriaceae 1 0.83
Lamiaceae 1 0.83
Lythraceae 1 0.83
Menispermaceae 1 0.83
Montiniaceae 1 0.83
Myristicaceae 1 0.83
Picrodendraceae 1 0.83
Rhamnaceae 1 0.83
Rutaceae 1 0.83
Salicaceae 1 0.83
Sapindaceae 1 0.83
Zosteraceae 1 0.83
Totals 120 100
Acanthaceae 21 species (17.5%), followed by Fabaceae 18 species (14.17%), and An-
nonaceae 14 species (11.67%) (Table 4).
Endemic species of Kenyan coastal forests
From our results, 551 species were endemic to coastal forests of East Africa. 185 plant
species are endemic to Kenya and Tanzania coastal forests and 89 species are only
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 9
Table 5. List of threatened and near threatened plant taxa found in Kenya coastal region.
Family Species Life form IUCN Version
Crassulaceae Kalanchoe fadeniorum Raadts Herb Extinct in the wild 3.1
Acanthaceae Justicia drummondii Vollesen Herb Critically Endangered 3.1
Megalochlamys tanaensis Vollesen Herb Critically Endangered 3.1
Annonaceae Uvaria puguensis D.M. Johnson Liana Critically Endangered 3.1
Burmanniaceae Afrothismia baerae Cheek Herb Critically Endangered 3.1
Combretaceae Combretum tenuipetiolatum Wickens Tre e Critically Endangered 2.3
Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia tanaensis P.R.O. Bally Tr e e Critically Endangered 3.1
Gesneriaceae Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. rupicola (B. L.
Burtt) Christenh.
Herb Critically Endangered 3.1
Lamiaceae Karomia gigas (Faden) Verdc. Tr e e Critically Endangered 2.3
Loranthaceae Taxillus wiensii Polhill Shrub Critically Endangered 3.1
Malvaceae Cola porphyrantha Brenan Tree Critically Endangered 3.1
Rubiaceae Vangueriopsis shimbaensis A.P. Davis & Q. Luke Tre e Critically Endangered 3.1
Acanthaceae Asystasia linearis S. Moore Herb Endangered 3.1
Barleria lukei I. Darbysh. Herb Endangered 3.1
Barleria maculata S. Moore Herb Endangered 3.1
Blepharis kenyensis Vollesen Herb Endangered 3.1
Cephalophis lukei Vollesen Herb Endangered 3.1
Barleria whytei S. Moore Herb Endangered 3.1
Justicia faulknerae Vollesen Shrub Endangered 3.1
Justicia breviracemosa Vollesen Shrub Endangered 3.1
Monanthotaxis faulknerae Verdc. Liana Endangered 3.1
Toussaintia orientalis Verdc. Tre e Endangered 3.1
Uvariodendron gorgonis Verdc. Tree Endangered 3.1
Uvaria faulknerae Verdc. Liana Endangered 3.1
Asteraceae Aspilia macrorrhiza Chiov. Herb Endangered 3.1
Asphodelaceae Aloe kiliensis Christian Herb Endangered 3.1
Araceae Stylochaeton bogneri Mayo Herb Endangered 3.1
Ebenaceae Diospyros shimbaensis F. White Tre e Endangered 2.3
Fabaceae Newtonia erlangeri (Harms) Brenan Tre e Endangered 3.1
Crotalaria laburnoides var. nudicarpa Polhill Herb Endangered 3.1
Cynometra lukei Beentje Tr e e Endangered 3.1
Gigasiphon macrosiphon (Harms) Brenan Tree Endangered 2.3
Bauhinia mombassae Vatke Shrub Endangered 3.1
Dalbergia gloveri Q. Luke, ined. Liana Endangered 3.1
Loranthaceae Englerina ramulosa (Sprague) Polhill & Wiens Shrub Endangered 3.1
Agelanthus microphyllus Polhill & Wiens Shrub Endangered 3.1
Malvaceae Cola octoloboides Brenan Tre e Endangered 3.1
Montiniaceae Grevea eggelingii var. keniensis (Verdc.) Verdc. Shrub Endangered 3.1
Orchidaceae Habenaria stylites Rchb.f. & S. Moore Herb Endangered 3.1
Polystachya teitensis P.J. Cribb Epiphytic herb Endangered 3.1
Rhamnaceae Ziziphus robertsoniana Beentje Tree Endangered 3.1
Rubiaceae Multidentia sclerocarpa (K. Schum.) Bridson Shrub Endangered 3.1
Acanthaceae Barleria usambarica Lindau Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Justicia galeata Hedrén shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Asystasia minutiora Ensermu & Vollesen Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Barleria maritima I. Darbysh. Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Blepharis pratensis S. Moore Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Dicliptera inconspicua I. Darbysh. Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Anisotes galanae (Baden) Vollesen Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Justicia brevipila Hedrén Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Justicia heterotricha Mildbr. Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Annonaceae Isolona cauliora Verdc. Tr e e Vulnerable 3.1
Uvariodendron kirkii Verdc. Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
10
Family Species Life form IUCN Version
Annonaceae Xylopia arenaria Engl. Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Mkilua fragrans Verdc. Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Apocynaceae Pleioceras orientale Vollesen Tree Vulnerable 3.1
Asteraceae Emilia bellioides (Chiov.) C. Jerey Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Araceae Gonatopus petiolulatus (Peter) Bogner Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Asphodelaceae Aloe massawana Reynolds Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Aloe ukambensis Reynolds Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Buxaceae Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch. Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Canellaceae Warburgia stuhlmannii Engl. Tr e e Vulnerable 3.1
Euphorbiaceae Pycnocoma littoralis Pax Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Fabaceae Newtonia paucijuga (Harms) Brenan Tree Vulnerable 2.3
Sesbania speciosa Taub. Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Angylocalyx braunii Harms Tre e Vulnerable 3.1
Cynometra webberi Baker f. Tr e e Vulnerable 2.3
Dalbergia vacciniifolia Vatke Liana Vulnerable 2.3
Diospyros greenwayi F. White Tr e e Vulnerable 2.3
Prioria msoo (Harms) Breteler Tr e e Vulnerable 2.3
Loranthaceae Erianthemum alveatum (Sprague) Danser Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Lythraceae Ammannia parkeri var. longifolia (Verdc.) S.A.
Graham & Gandhi
Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Malvaceae Hibiscus holstii Mwachala Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Melastomataceae Memecylon verruculosum Brenan Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Warneckea mouririifolia (Brenan) Borhidi Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Menispermaceae Cissampelos nigrescens Diels var. nigrescens Climber Vulnerable 3.1
Moraceae Dorstenia tayloriana Rendle var. tayloriana Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Ficus faulkneriana C.C. Berg Tre e Vulnerable 3.1
Myristicaceae Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Warb.) Warb. Tree Vulnerable 2.3
Orchidaceae Ansellia africana Lindl. Epiphytic herb Vulnerable 3.1
Picrodendraceae Aristogeitonia monophylla Airy shaw Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Putranjivaceae Drypetes natalensis var. leiogyna Brenan Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Drypetes usambarica var. trichogyna Radcl.-Sm. Tr e e Vulnerable 2.3
Rubiaceae Pavetta linearifolia Bremek. Shrub Vulnerable 3.1
Tarenna drummondii Bridson Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Vangueria pallidiora (Bullock) Lantz Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Afrocanthium kiliense (Bridson) Lantz Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Pavetta tarennoides S. Moore Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Rothmannia macrosiphon (K. Schum. ex Engl.)
Bridson
Tree Vulnerable 2.3
Rutaceae Vepris sansibarensis (Engl.) Mziray Shrub Vulnerable 2.3
Sapindaceae Chytranthus obliquinervis Radlk. ex Engl. Tree Vulnerable 2.3
Sapotaceae Mimusops riparia Engl. Tree Vulnerable 3.1
Pouteria pseudoracemosa (J.H. Hemsl.) L.Gaut. Tre e Vulnerable 2.3
Zosteraceae Zostera capensis Setch. Herb Vulnerable 3.1
Acanthaceae Chlamydacanthus lindavianus H. Winkl. Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Justicia anisophylla (Mildbr.) Brummitt Herb Near reatened 3.1
Anacardiaceae Lannea schweinfurthii var. acutifoliolata (Engl.)
Kokwaro
Tree Near reatened 2.3
Annonaceae Uvaria kirkii Oliv. ex Hook. f. Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Uvaria denhardtiana Engl. & Diels Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Asteranthe asterias (S. Moore) Engl. & Diels Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Huberantha stuhlmannii (Engl.) Chaowasku Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Ophrypetalum odoratum Diels Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Araceae Callopsis volkensii Engl. Herb Near reatened 3.1
Asteraceae Brachylaena huillensis O. Hom. Tr e e Near reatened 2.3
Asphodelaceae Aloe deserti A. Berger Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Burseraceae Commiphora obovata Chiov. Shrub Near reatened 2.3
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 11
Family Species Life form IUCN Version
Burseraceae Commiphora pseudopaolii J.B. Gillett Tre e Near reatened 2.3
Combretaceae Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. & Diels Tr e e Near reatened 2.3
Connaraceae Ellipanthus madagascariensis (G. Schellenb.)
Capuron ex Keraudren
Tree Near reatened 2.3
Fabaceae Dialium orientale Baker f. Shrub Near reatened 2.3
Dalbergia eremicola Polhill Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. Shrub Near reatened 2.3
Erythrina sacleuxii Hua Tr e e Near reatened 3.1
Meliaceae Lovoa swynnertonii Baker f. Tr e e Near reatened 3.1
Pseudobersama mossambicensis (Sim) Verdc. Tree Near reatened 3.1
Moraceae Dorstenia hildebrandtii Engl. var. hildebrandtii Herb Near reatened 3.1
Dorstenia goetzei Engl. Herb Near reatened 3.1
Dorstenia warneckei Engl. Herb Near reatened 3.1
Rubiaceae Coea pseudozanguebariae Bridson Shrub Near reatened 3.1
Salicaceae Bivinia jalbertii Tul. Tre e Near reatened 2.3
Table 6. Number of endemic species in coastal of East Africa forests found in Kenya coastal forests.
Region No. of endemic species
Kenyan coastal forests 90
Kenyan and Tanzanian coastal forests 185
East Africa coastal endemic 551
found in Kenya coastal forests (Tables 6, 7). In terms of life forms herbs (44 species,
49.44%) had the highest number of endemic species recorded at the coastal region fol-
lowed by shrubs (24 species, 26.97%), trees (13 species, 14.6%), climbers and lianas
recorded the least numbers of endemic species. (Table 8).
New records
Several new species have been discovered recently from the coastal forests of Kenya,
Adenia angulosa (Ngumbau et al. 2017), Dovyalis keniensis (Williams 2017),
Zehneriamonocarpa (Ngumbau et al. unpublished) and Croton kinondoensis (Ngumbau
et al. in press) belonging to family Passioraceae, Salicaceae, Cucurbitaceae and
Euphorbiaceae respectively. In addition, one species from family Poaceae, Panicum
peteri, was collected and recorded for the rst time in Kenya.
Exotic species
A total of 72 introduced, cultivated or naturalized species are recorded in this study
belonging to 67 genera and 32 families, for Kenya coastal region (Table 9). e top-
rich exotic plant families include: Fabaceae (13 species), Asteraceae (7 species) and
Solanaceae (6 species). Out of the 72 plant species, herbs had the highest number of
exotic species (35) 48.61%, followed by trees (21) 29.17%, shrubs (12) 16.67% and
climbers (4) 5.55%.
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
12
Table 7. e endemic plants of Kenya coastal forest.
Family Species Life form
Acanthaceae Blepharis kenyensis Vollesen Herb
Dicliptera maculata subsp. A Herb
Justicia drummondii Vollesen Herb
Justicia sp. a. ttonioides S. Moore Herb
Justicia sp. F Herb
Megalochlamys tanaensis Vollesen Herb
Amaranthaceae Hermbstaedtia gregoryi C.B. Clarke Herb
Ancistrocladaceae Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum J.Léonard Liana
Annonaceae Polyceratocarpus sp. ?nov. Tree
Uvariodendron schmidtii Q. Luke ined. Tree
Xylopia keniensis D. M. Johnson Tree
Apocynaceae Echidnopsis ericiora Lavranos Herb
Huernia andreaeana (Rauh) L.C. Leach Herb
Huernia archeri L.C.Leach Herb
Raphionacme sp. cf. jurensis N.E. Br. Climber
Ceropegia racemosa var. voiensis Masinde Herb
Asparagaceae Sansevieria ballyi L.E. Newton Herb
Sansevieria francisii Chahinian Herb
Sansevieria nitida Chahinian Herb
Asteraceae Athroisma pusillum T. Erikss. Herb
Burmanniaceae Afrothismia baerae Cheek Herb
Capparaceae Maerua mungaii Beentje Shrub
ilachium roseomaculatum Y.B. Harv. & Vollesen Herb
Caryophyllaceae Polycarpaea grahamii Turrill Herb
Polycarpaea tenuistyla Turrill Herb
Commelinaceae Aneilema succulentum Faden Herb
Aneilema tanaense Faden Herb
Convolvulaceae Merremia sp. C of FTEA Herb
Crassulaceae Kalanchoe ballyi Raym.-Hamet ex Cufod. Herb
Kalanchoe fadeniorum Raadts Herb
Cucurbitaceae Cucumis sp. (Oreosyce sp. A of FTEA) Climber
Zehneria monocarpa G.W. Hu, V.M. Ngumbau & Q.F. Wang, sp. nov. Climber
Cyperaceae Bulbostylis densecaespitosa (Lye) R. W. Haines Herb
Bulbostylis hispidula subsp. intermedia (Lye) R.W. Haines Herb
Cyperus boreobellus Lye Herb
Cyperus kwaleensis Lye Herb
Cyperus microumbellatus Lye Herb
Dichapetalaceae Dichapetalum fadenii Breteler Liana
Dichapetalum sp. ?nov. Shrub
Euphorbiaceae Croton kinondoensis G.W. Hu, V.M. Ngumbau & Q.F. Wang, sp. nov. Shrub
Euphorbia uminis S. Carter Shrub
Euphorbia tanaensis P.R.O. Bally Tree
Euphorbia taruensis S. Carter Herb
Erythrococca pentagyna Radcl.-Sm. Shrub
Fabaceae Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. keniensis Brenan & Brummitt Shrub
Aeschynomene sp. B Shrub
Bauhinia mombassae Vatke Shrub
Cynometra greenwayi Brenan Tree
Dalbergia gloveri Q. Luke, ined. Liana
Vigna membranacea subsp. hapalantha (Harms) Verdc. Herb
Crotalaria grata Polhill Shrub
Abrus sp. A of FTEA Herb
Lamiaceae Endostemon wakeeldii (Baker) M. Ashby Herb
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 13
Family Species Life form
Lamiaceae Plectranthus auriglandulosus A.J.Paton Herb
Lamiaceae Leucas tsavoensis var. kiliensis Sebald Herb
Loranthaceae Taxillus wiensii Polhill Shrub
Lythraceae Ammannia parkeri var. longifolia (Verdc.) S.A. Graham & Gandhi Herb
Malvaceae Cola octoloboides Brenan Tree
Montiniaceae Grevea eggelingii var. keniensis (Verdc.) Verdc. Shrub
Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia sp A of FTEA Herb
Ochnaceae Ochna sp. 17 of KTSL Shrub
Olacaceae Strombosiopsis pentamera Q. Luke, ined. Tre e
Orchidaceae Eulophia serrata P.J. Cribb Herb
Passioraceae Turnera thomasii (Urb.) Story Shrub
Plumbaginaceae Plumbago stenophylla Wilmot-Dear Herb
Poaceae Eleusine semisterilis S.M.Phillips Herb
Eragrostis sp. A Herb
Portulacaceae Portulaca coralloides S.M.Phillips Herb
Rubiaceae Tricalysia bridsoniana Robbr. var. bridsoniana Shrub
Keetia lukei Bridson Shrub
Mitriostigma greenwayi Bridson Shrub
Pavetta tarennoides S.Moore Shrub
Psydrax robertsoniae Bridson Shrub
Psydrax sp. A of FTEA Shrub
Canthium mrimaense (Verdc.) Lantz Shrub
Rytigynia sp. I of FTEA Shrub
Rytigynia sp. L of FTEA Tr e e
Spermacoce sp. B of FTEA Herb
Vangueriopsis shimbaensis A.P. Davis & Q. Luke Tre e
Rutaceae Vepris sp. (Diphasia sp. A of FTEA) Tree
Vepris robertsoniae Q. Luke, ined. Tree
Vepris sp. nr. stolzii I. Verd. Tre e
Salicaceae Dovyalis keniensis E. V. Williams Shrub
Sapotaceae Synsepalum subverticillatum (E.A. Bruce) T.D.Penn. Shrub
Synsepalum sp. cf. subcordatum De Wild. Tre e
Solanaceae Solanum malindiense Voronts. Shrub
Urticaceae Pouzolzia fadenii Friis & Jellis Herb
Vitaceae Cyphostemma sp. I of FTEA Climber
Cyphostemma sp. G Climber
Cyphostemma sp. L of FTEA Climber
Table 8. Life form representative for endemic species.
Life form No. of species Percentage presentation
Climbers 6 5.62%
Herbs 44 49.44%
Lianas 3 3.37%
Shrubs 24 26.97%
Trees 13 14.6%
Total 90 100
Conclusion
Kenya coastal forests host a large number of species and provide a unique habitat for
many species of special concern and endemic plant species. It harbors hundreds of
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
14
Table 9. Exotic plants recorded at the coastal region of Kenya.
Family Species Growth form
Acanthaceae Indoneesiella echioides (L.) Sreem. Herb
Ruellia tuberosa L. Herb
Ruspolia hypocrateriformis (Vahl) Milne-Redh. Herb
Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. Herb
Amaranthaceae Gomphrena globosa L. Herb
Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex ell. Herb
Atriplex semibaccata R.Br. Herb
Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica L. Tree
Anacardium occidentale L. Tre e
Annonaceae Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & omson Tr e e
Apiaceae Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Herb
Apocynaceae Asclepias curassavica L. Herb
Araucariaceae Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don Tre e
Arecaceae Areca catechu L Herb
Cocos nucifera L. Tree
Asteraceae Synedrella nodiora (L.) Gaertn. Herb
Tridax procumbens L. Herb
Ageratum conyzoides L. Herb
Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Herb
Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C. Mohr Herb
Bidens pilosa L. Herb
Galinsoga parviora Cav. Herb
Bixaceae Bixa orellana L. Shrub
Cactaceae Opuntia cus-indica (L.) Mill. Shrub
Cassuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia L. Tre e
Chrysobalanaceae Dactyladenia barteri (Hook. f. ex Oliv.) Prance & F. White Tr e e
Combretaceae Terminalia catappa L. Tre e
Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. ex Engl. & Diels Tr e e
Cucurbitaceae Lua cylindrica M. Roem. Climber
Citrullus lanatus (unb.) Matsum. & Nakai Climber
Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia heterophylla L. Herb
Croton blanchetianus Baill. Shrub
Fabaceae Centrosema pubescens Benth. Climber
Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC. var. adscendens Herb
Senna timoriensis (DC.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby Shrub
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Shrub
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Shrub
Prosopis juliora (Sw.) DC. Shrub
Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth. Tr e e
Tamarindus indica L. Tr e e
Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Tr e e
Senna siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby Tr e e
Parkinsonia aculeata L. Tr ee
Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Tr e e
Mimosa pudica var. unijuga (Duchass. & Walp.) Griseb. Herb
Lamiaceae Ocimum basilicum L. Herb
Lamiaceae Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze Herb
Malvaceae Corchorus parviorus (Benth.) Domin Herb
Gossypium barbadense L. Shrub
Gossypium hirsutum L. Shrub
Melastomataceae Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don Shrub
Meliaceae Melia azedarach L. Tre e
Toona ciliata M. Roem. Tre e
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 15
Family Species Growth form
Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Tr ee
Moringaceae Moringa oleifera Lam. Tree
Myrtaceae Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Tre e
Oxalidaceae Oxalis latifolia Kunth Herb
Oxalis barrelieri L. Herb
Oxalis corniculata L. Herb
Papaveraceae Argemone mexicana L. Herb
Passioraceae Passiora foetida L. Climber
Piperaceae Piper betle L. Herb
Sapindaceae Sapindus trifoliatus L. Tre e
Solanaceae Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Herb
Datura metel L. Herb
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Herb
Physalis angulata L. Herb
Physalis minima L. Herb
Solanum americanum Mill. Herb
Talinaceae Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. Herb
Verbenaceae Lantana camara L. Shrub
Stachytarpheta urticifolia Sims Shrub
plant species that are only found in coastal forests of East Africa. In addition, they are
home to almost half of plant species found in Kenya ora (39.55%), and more than
half of species found in the coastal forests of East Africa (65%). Despite this high plant
diversity relevance, they have undergone a history of anthropogenic disturbance since
the colonial era (Moomaw 1960). Today the rapidly increasing human population
along the coast of Kenya demands more agricultural land, more wood products for
fuel, house construction, and industry, consequentially threatening the small areas of
intact forest and woodland. is therefore, has resulted in large number of threatened
and near threatened plants in this region. High conservation measures should be highly
taken into action to ensure the protection of large numbers of endemic and threatened
species that are at the brink of extinction. Besides, conservation of these relicts will not
only provide the protection of species rich diversity of the ora but also of the fauna,
including humans which depend on it. Importantly, it will prevent soil erosion and the
drying up of moist microhabitats as a result protecting catchment areas and wetlands.
is study hence provides not only a comprehensive list of the plant species that have
been recorded in this region but also endemic species and species of special concern to
guide conservationists and policymakers towards conserving the remaining patches. It
also provides a prerequisite to ecology and other thorough work towards understand-
ing plant diversity and conservation of the region.
Checklist
is checklist is designed for use by anybody interested in the plants of the Kenya coastal
region. However, it will be most useful to professionals and students who have some bo-
tanical knowledge. Information such as voucher number, habit, habitat, altitude is record-
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
16
ed for each species. Species without voucher numbers were not included in the checklist.
Species preceded by “?” means that there is doubt over the correct identication, those
preceded with “letter” means that they have not been described and nally vouchers docu-
mented as “sr” means that they were sight recorded. EA means the East African Herbar-
ium, Nairobi, Kenya; HIB means the Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Wuhan,
China, and SAJIT means Sino Africa Joint Investigation Team. e families are divided
into four groups, namely lycophytes, monilophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
Families of lycophytes and monilophytes are organized based on the PPG I system (PPG
I 2016), while those of gymnosperms are organized based on Christenhusz et al. (2011)
and families of angiosperms are organized based on the APG IV system (APG IV 2016).
Part 1 Lycophytes
F1. Selaginellaceae
1 Genus, 3 Species
Selaginella eublepharis A. Braun Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal forest and bushland,
0–300 m. Vouchers: Robertson & Luke 5840, Hildebrandt 1961, Drummond &
Hemsley 4258, Wamukoya G K7–x936 (EA).
Selaginella mittenii Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet rocks of forest streams, water-
falls in evergreen forest, ca. 20 m. Voucher: Luke et al. 4521 (EA).
Selaginella perpusilla Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: In Hyphaene grassland in shade
of grasses, 7–400 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4034, Faden & Evans
70/441, Rawlins 38, Faden RB 70/441 (EA).
Part 2 Monilophytes
F2. Aspleniaceae
1 Genus, 5 Species
Asplenium ane var. mettenii (Kuhn) Tardieu Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, ca.
50m. Voucher: Kresten 29 (EA).
Asplenium buettneri Hieron. Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, ca. 280 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V016 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robert-
son SA 2743B (EA).
Asplenium erectum Bory ex Willd. Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, ca. 400 m.
Voucher: HD van Someren 116 (EA).
Asplenium nidus L. Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 0–275 m. Vouch-
ers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V067 (EA, HIB), Luke et al. 4529 & 4512, Luke
& Robertson 2693 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 17
Asplenium emarginatum P. Beauv. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 40 m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ 1645, Faden & Faden 72/224 (EA).
F3. Azollaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Azolla nilotica Decne. ex Mett. Habit: Herb. Habitat: River, lake edges, and tempo-
rary pools, ca. 10 m. Voucher: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2751 (EA).
F4. Blechnaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Stenochlaena tenuifolia (Desv.) Moore Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Swamp for-
est, ca. 0–140 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0229 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & Mbinda J 6278 (EA).
F5. Dryopteridaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Bolbitis auriculata (Lam.) Alston Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 300 m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2750, Luke 1648 (EA).
F6. Davalliaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Davallia denticulata (Burm. f.) Mett. ex Kuhn Habit: Epiphyte. Habitat: Bushland
on rocks, ca. 2–410 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0305 (EA, HIB),
Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6046 (EA).
F7. Dennstaedtiaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Microlepia speluncae (L.) T. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forests edge, 350–700 m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 8199 (EA).
Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland,
0–150 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 25, Bally & Smith 14340 (EA).
F8. Hymenophyllaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Crepidomanes chevalieri (Christ) Ebihara & Dubuisson Habit: Epiphytic herb.
Habitat: Moist forest, 150–500 m. Voucher: Faden et al. 70/812 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
18
Didymoglossum erosum (Willd.) J.P. Roux Habit: Low epiphytic or lithophytic herb.
Habitat: Shaded rocks or trunk of trees, ca. 230 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Rob-
ertson SA 2760 (EA).
F9. Nephrolepidaceae
1 Genus, 2 Species
Nephrolepis acutifolia (Desv.) Christ Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky cli or Acacia-
Commiphora bushland, ca. 230 m. Voucher: Luke & Robertson 2530 (EA).
Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest or stream-
side forest, ca. 417 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0322 (EA, HIB),
Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2750, Magogo & Glover 518, Drummond & Hems-
ley 1221 (EA).
F10. Ophioglossaceae
1 Genus, 5 Species
Ophioglossum costatum R. Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry deciduous woodland, ca.
10 m. Vouchers: Faden & Faden 74/1119, Festo 2731 (EA).
Ophioglossum latifolium (Prantl) J. E. Burrows Habit: Herb. Habitat: In seasonally
wet shallow sandy soils and deciduous woodland, ca. 10 m. Vouchers: Faden &
Faden 74/1121, Faden RB 70/439B (EA).
Ophioglossum lusoafricanum Welw. ex Prantl Habit: Herb. Habitat: In marshy areas
among tall grasses, grassland, and woodland, ca. 150 m. Voucher: Faden 70/440 (EA).
Ophioglossum nudicaule var. robustum J. S. Licht. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In shallow
sandy soils, dry tropical woodland, and savannah, ca. 10 m. Voucher: Faden &
Faden 74/1120 (EA).
Ophioglossum reticulatum L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moist woodland,
montane grassland among rocks, and forest margins, ca. 0–167 m. Vouchers: Ma-
gogo & Glover 896, Schippers RR 196 (EA).
F11. Pteridaceae
8 Genera, 13 Species
Acrostichum aureum L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, ca. 253 m. Voucher: SA-
JIT–005915 (EA, HIB).
Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Road banks and riverbanks, ca.
200 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 3969 (EA).
Adiantum comorense (Tardieu) Verdc. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rainforest, rivulet,
road banks, and deep shade, 100–700 m. Vouchers: Gilbert et al. 4964, Magogo
& Clover 726, Luke 3600 (EA).
Adiantum incisum Forssk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverside, path sides, and riverine
forest, ca. 86 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0477 (EA, HIB), Kass-
ner 137 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 19
Adiantum lunulatum Burm. f. Habit: Terrestrial or lithophytic herb. Habitat: Low-
land forest or woodland, 160 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 3147 (EA).
Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy areas, swamp
forests, marshes, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006213 & 005485 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & PA 4577 (EA).
Cheilanthes involuta (Sw.) Schelpe & N. C. Anthony Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wood-
land, 90–450 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006131 (EA, HIB), Napper 2180, Magogo FC
& Glover PE 754 (EA).
Pellaea dura (Willd.) Hook. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest or woodland, ca. 90 m.
Vouchers: Verdcourt 5290, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2786A (EA).
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverbanks, forest, ca.
150 m. Voucher: Luke 5273 (EA).
Pteris atrovirens Willd. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shady places, ca. 60 m. Vouchers:
Faden RB 226, Luke WRQ 2936 (EA).
Pteris hamulosa (Christ) Christ Habit: Terrestrial herb. Habitat: In shade on wet for-
est oors, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 2937, Luke & Robertson 2729 (EA).
Pteris tripartita Sw. Habit: Terrestrial or epiphytic herb. Habitat: Moist area, ca.
60m. Voucher: Faden RB 218 (EA).
Vittaria elongata Sw. Habit: Epiphytic or lithophytic herb. Habitat: Low altitude
forest, ca. 10–200 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5168, Magogo &
Glover 222, Faden & Evans 70/414, Faden et al. 69/486 (EA).
F12. Psilotaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Psilotum nudum (L.) P. Beauv. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry riverbeds, under cli over-
hangs, on rocks, and in rock crevices, 0–100 m. Voucher: Dale in FD 3584 (EA).
F13. Polypodiaceae
4 Genera, 5 Species
Microgramma mauritiana (Willd.) Tardieu Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Rainfor-
est, evergreen thicket, and riverine forest, ca. 30–300 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004664
& 005433, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0178 (EA, HIB), Gillett 18700, Polhill
& Paulo 832, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2799 (EA).
Microsorum punctatum (L.) Copel. Habit: Epiphytic, lithophytic or terrestrial herb.
Habitat: Forest, evergreen thicket or beneath hedges in wet areas, 20–350 m.
Vouchers: Verdcourt 3919, Luca, Jeery & Kirika 230, Faden RB 69/484 (EA).
Microsorum scolopendria (Burm. f.) Copel. Habit: Epiphytic, lithophytic or terres-
trial herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest and thicket, 0–297 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0152 (EA, HIB), Verdcourt 3914, Polhill & Paulo 858, Faden
RB 69/488 (EA).
Platycerium alcicorne Desv. Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Evergreen thickets, 30–200
m. Vouchers: Robertson & Luke 6362, Verdcourt 2408, RB & AJ Faden 72/66 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
20
Platycerium angolense Welw. ex Hook. Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Mixed ever-
green forest, woodland, ca. 5–150 m. Vouchers: RB & AJ Faden 74/1144, Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 2811 (EA).
F14. Tectariaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Tectaria puberula (Desv.) C. Chr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1–150 m.
Vouchers: Faden RB 70/808, Faden RB, Evans A & Msari F 952 (EA).
F15. elypteridaceae
4 Genera, 5 Species
Chrismatopteris holttumii N. Quansah & D.S. Edwards Habit: Herb. Habitat: For-
est, 150 m. Voucher: Faden RB 70/422B (EA).
Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy Habit: Herb. Habitat: Along stream
banks in forest or forest oor, 0–100 m. Voucher: Faden RB 70/419 (EA).
Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum Habit: Herb. Habitat: Terrestrial on forest
oor away from water or along stream banks in forests, ca. 150 m. Voucher: Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 2710 (EA).
Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Itô Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland swamps,
0–50 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 4580 (EA).
Sphaerostephanos arbuscula subsp. africanus Holttum Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shady
valley, near streams or forest fringing, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Faden RB 70/413,
Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1203 (EA).
F16. Lygodiaceae
1 Genus, 2 Species
Lygodium kerstenii Kuhn Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forests, near sea level.
Voucher: Kersten 76 (EA).
Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Swampy forest and
thicket, ca. 10–200 m. Vouchers: Gardner in FD 1456, Drummond & Hemsley
1208, Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5146 (EA).
Part 3 Gymnosperm
F17. Zamiaceae
1 Genus, 1 species
Encephalartos hildebrandtii A. Braun & Bouché Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal ever-
green bushland and lowland forest, ca. 31 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM, Waigan-
jo T & Kamau P 3800 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 21
Part 4 Angiosperms
F18. Acanthaceae
30 Genera, 108 Species
Anisotes galanae (Baden) Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Acacia and Acacia-Commi-
phora bushland, 25–550 m. Voucher: Robertson 5284 (EA): Vulnerable.
Anisotes parvifolius Oliv. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Acacia-Terminalia and Acacia-
Commiphora bushland, 25–650 m. Vouchers: Bally, PRO 16793, Drummond &
Hemsley 4265 (EA).
Anisotes tanensis Baden Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland & limestone escarpments,
250–600 m. Voucher: Taylor WE 181 (EA).
Asystasia ansellioides C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open grassland or Hyphae-
ne grassland, 15–200 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 4509, Jerey GM 5, Bally
6105, Rawlins 699 (EA).
Asystasia gangetica subsp. micrantha (Nees) Ensermu Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest
margin, woodland, wooded grassland, bushland, and sandy seashores, ca. 300 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0259 (EA, HIB), Jerey GW 500, Har-
vey et al. 54, Robertson & Faulkner 2303 (EA).
Asystasia guttata (Forssk.) Brummitt Habit: Herb. Habitat: Isolated inselberg in
ACB, ca. 600 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 1396 (EA).
Asystasia leptostachya Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy areas of rainforest, ca.
50 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 1650 (EA).
Asystasia linearis S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Tall grassland on cotton soil, 25–
200 m. Voucher: Gregory s.n. (EA): Endangered.
Asystasia minutiora Ensermu & Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland
wet evergreen forest, lowland semi-deciduous forest, and thicket, ca. 400 m.
Vouchers: Bidgood, Abdallah & Vollesen s.n., Luke 1650, Magogo & Glover
1101(EA).
Asystasia moorei Ensermu Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland evergreen forest, ca.
300m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2703 (EA).
Asystasia mysorensis (Roth) T. Anderson Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, ca.
100 m. Vouchers: J Makin 14616, M Hucks 649 (EA).
Asystasia sp. B Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine forest, 450 m. Voucher: Battiscombe
250 (EA).
Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Inland fringes of man-
grove associations, sandy dunes, mud of tidal rivers, and salty creeks, sea level.
Vouchers: Graham RM 251, Greenway 8933 (EA).
Barleria acanthoides Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 690 m. Voucher: Os-
sent J 18 (EA).
Barleria argentea Balf. f. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, semi-desert bushland,
grassland, disturbed, and eroded areas, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Gillett 19514 (EA).
Barleria gracilispina (Fiori) I. Darbysh. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grass-
land, and degraded areas, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Gillett & Gachathi 20522 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
22
Barleria inclusa I. Darbysh. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open woodland, grassland or dry
rocky, ca. 400 m. Voucher: Drummond RB & Hemsley 4138 (EA).
Barleria linearifolia Rendle Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and wooded grassland,
ca. 30 m. Voucher: Robertson 1816 (EA).
Barleria lukei I. Darbysh. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, ca. 264 m. Vouchers:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V099 (EA, HIB), Drummond & Hemsley 3976,
Magogo & Glover, Robertson & Luke 1955 (EA): Endangered.
Barleria maculata S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry rocky, wooded grassland, ca.
80 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 1953, Luke 3492 (EA): Endangered.
Barleria marginata Oliv. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open bushland and lightly wood-
ed grassland, 100–650 m. Vouchers: Luke, Mbinda & Madudu 6346, Tweedie
2197(EA).
Barleria maritima I. Darbysh. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland bushland, scrub on
coral rag, and along the shoreline, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: Symes 189, Mainwaring
3045, Napier 2301, Tweedie 3165, Rayner 259 (EA).
Barleria paolioides I. Darbysh. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Open woodland and grass-
land, 30–850 m. Voucher: Williams Sangai 832 (EA).
Barleria polhillii I. Darbysh. subsp. polhillii Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry woodland,
bushland, grassland, and grazed areas, 0–200 m. Voucher: Luke Q 5472 (EA).
Barleria ramulosa C.B. Clarke Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry open bushland and
wooded grassland, 6–152 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005909 (EA, HIB), Curtis 6,
Drummond & Hemsley 4082, Luke & Robertson 2567 (EA).
Barleria repens Nees Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal dry forest and lowland wood-
land, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Graham 2102, Luke & Robertson 2598 (EA).
Barleria sp. E Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Rawlins 771,
Bally 16859 & 16864 (EA).
Barleria submollis Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland or wooded grassland, ca.
182 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0349 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA
& Luke WRQ 6022, Kassner T 283 (EA).
Barleria taitensis S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, and margin
of riverine grassland, ca. 620 m. Vouchers: Bally PRO 16890, Mwadime N 6 (EA).
Barleria usambarica Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest margins, bush-
land, and grassland, 0–600 m. Vouchers: Robertson 6558, RB & AJ Faden
74/1157 (EA): Vulnerable.
Barleria ventricosa Hochst. ex Nees Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland and along for-
est margins, 700 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 6023 (EA).
Barleria whytei S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal forest on coral rag, 0–10
m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 3923, Luke 2907, Luke & Saidi 5829
(EA):Endangered.
Blepharis kenyensis Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal bushland, 0–150 m.
Vouchers: Kimeu JM 532, Graham RM 1630 (EA): Endangered, Endemic.
Blepharis maderaspatensis (L.) B. Heyne ex Roth Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland,
bushland, woodland, and forest habitats, ca. 95 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006127 &
004654 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6028, Jerey GM 15 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 23
Blepharis pratensis S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 0–50 m. Vouch-
ers: Taylor WE s.n., Polhill & Paulo 690, Makin 416, Luke 3064, 3398 & 3562
(EA):Vulnerable.
Cephalophis lukei Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet evergreen lowland forest, 25–
400 m. Vouchers: Harvey & Vollens 41, Luke 3377 (EA).
Chlamydacanthus lindavianus H. Winkl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal forest, 10–
250 (–600) m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0421 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 2787, Luke 2941, Luke et al. 6273 (EA): Near reatened.
Crabbea velutina S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, riverine for-
ests, and thicket, ca. 35 m. Voucher: Luke Q 1485 (EA).
Crossandra mucronata Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, upland
forests, and dry riverine forest, 50–300 m. Voucher: Whyte A s.n. (EA).
Crossandra pungens Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen or semi-evergreen
coastal forest and thicket, 0–500 m. Vouchers: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2693, Drum-
mond & Hemsley 3755A, Gillespie 312, Rawlins 71 (EA).
Crossandra stenostachya (Lindau) C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and
riverine forest, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Faden 74/986, Festo 2283 (EA).
Dicliptera albicaulis (S. Moore) S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open Acacia wood-
land, short grassland, roadsides, ca. 800 m. Voucher: Mumiukha 29 (EA).
Dicliptera heterostegia Nees Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal riverine forest, forest mar-
gins, secondary woodland, and thicket, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover
PE 137 (EA).
Dicliptera inconspicua I. Darbysh. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland moist semi-de-
ciduous forest and riverine forest, 0–450 m. Voucher: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2692
(EA): Vulnerable.
Dicliptera maculata subsp. A Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland moist forest or road-
sides, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Luke 2922, Luke stone & Baer 8243 (EA): Endemic.
Duosperma crenatum (Lindau) P.G. Mey. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Deciduous wood-
land and scrub, ca. 800 m. Voucher: Bally PRO 16824 (EA).
Duosperma grandiorum Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, woodland, and
wooded grassland, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Mungai et al. 239/83 (EA).
Dyschoriste hildebrandtii (S. Moore) S. Moore Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland,
wooded grassland, and bushland, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley
4124, Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5981 (EA).
Ecbolium amplexicaule S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, thicket, riverine for-
est, and sisal plantations, 0–400 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1465, Bally 13065, Robert-
son 5902, Drummond & Hemsley 3921 (EA).
Ecbolium subcordatum C.B. Clarke var. subcordatum Habit: Herb. Habitat: Low-
land Acacia and Acacia-Commiphora bushland, riverbanks, and river-beds, ca. 182
m. Vouchers: Bally PRO 16757, Luke et al. 644, Greenway 9818 (EA).
Ecbolium subcordatum var. glabratum Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Low bushland
and riverbanks, 60–152 m. Vouchers: Bally PRO 16819, Luke et al. TPR 387 (EA).
Ecbolium viride (Forssk.) Alston Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, riverbeds, and
coastal bushland on sand dunes, 0–50 m. Voucher: Faden 74/1114 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
24
Elytraria acaulis (L.f.) Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alluvial grassland with Acacia-
Combretum-Dobera thicket, 25–800 m. Vouchers: Greenway & Rawlins 9460,
Faden 74/1059 (EA).
Elytraria minor Dokosi Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen and semi-deciduous for-
est, secondary thickets, and cultivated areas, 15–450 (–650) m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–006026 (EA, HIB), Greenway PJ & Rawlins SP 9366, Robertson SA & Luke
WRQ 5986, Rawlins 34, Faden 71/798 (EA).
Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonal pools or
other stagnant water bodies, ca. 156 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005982, Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0435 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 528, Drummond &
Hemsley 3927 (EA).
Hypoestes forskaolii subsp. hildebrandtii (Lindau) I. Darbysh. Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Dry grassland and open bushland, ca. 382 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006066, Ngum-
bau V & Mwadime N V0365 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 138(EA).
Indoneesiella echioides (L.) Sreem. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and grassland,
ca. 2 m. Voucher: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0518 (EA, HIB): Exotic.
Justicia anisophylla (Mildbr.) Brummitt Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Lowland
and semi-deciduous forest, ca. 200 m. Vouchers: Faden 77/421, Luke 29142 (EA):
Near reatened.
Justicia baravensis C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sandy foreshores, coastal
bushland, 0–15 m. Vouchers: Robertson & Brummit 6763, Kokwaro 3900 (EA).
Justicia betonica L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and woodland, ca.
253 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0121 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA
& Luke WRQ 5979 (EA).
Justicia brevipila Hedrén Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and grassland, 25–350 m.
Vouchers: Luke et al. TRP785, Robertson & Luke 5728 (EA): Vulnerable.
Justicia breviracemosa Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland forest and riverine
forest, 10–250 m. Voucher: Luke 4271 (EA): Endangered.
Justicia caerulea Forssk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, riverine, and
scrub, ca. 140 m. Vouchers: omas 38, RB & AJ Faden 74/985 (EA).
Justicia calyculata Deers Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, and grass-
land, ca. 25 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6039, Luke 3355 (EA).
Justicia capensis unb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest or forest grassland, 5–715 m.
Vouchers: Luke & Robertson 1810 & 2029 (EA).
Justicia debilis (Forssk.) Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, ca. 186 m. Vouchers:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0336 (EA, HIB), Festo L & Luke Q 2436 (EA).
Justicia drummondii Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, 75–200 m.
Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 3792, Robertson & Luke 5985, Luke 4508
(EA): Critically Endangered, Endemic.
Justicia engleriana Lindau Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland to low montane ever-
green forest, ca. 372 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006150 (EA, HIB), Mbinda J & Luke
WRQ 259, Magogo & Glover 139 (EA).
Justicia faulknerae Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Semi-deciduous lowland forest,
150–450 m. Vouchers: Luke 1590, Luke & Robertson 1819 (EA): Endangered.
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 25
Justicia ttonioides S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry or semi-deciduous lowland
forest, ca. 240 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V107 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ 1651, Robertson 6560 (EA).
Justicia ava (Forssk.) Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margin and clearings,
woodland, grassland, and bushland, (25–) 350 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006110 (EA,
HIB), Festo L & Luke WRQ 2443 (EA).
Justicia galeata Hedrén Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and shrubland, ca. 274 m.
Voucher: Dale IR 1077 (EA).
Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Abandoned gardens, ca.
0–300m. Vouchers: Dale 2015, Reitsma 448 (EA): Naturalized.
Justicia heterotricha Mildbr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, ca. 240 m. Vouchers:
Luke & Robertson 2770, Luke WRQ 2931 (EA): Vulnerable.
Justicia inaequifolia Brummitt Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen or semi decidu-
ous lowland forest or coral rag thicket, ca. 420 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006088 (EA,
HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2699, BR Adams 87, Luke 1828, Magogo &
Glover 136, Robertson SA & Polhill 4833 (EA).
Justicia nyassana Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, riverine forest, and
woodland, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 3872 (EA).
Justicia odora (Forssk.) Lam. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry wooded grassland, open
woodland, and scrub, 0–300 m. Voucher: Field CR 59 (EA).
Justicia pseudorungia Lindau Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland to montane evergreen
forest, and riverine forest, 15 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006220 (EA, HIB), Taylor WE
s.n., Robertson 5085, Faden & Evans 71/736 (EA).
Justicia scandens Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bushland, and lake shores, ca.
50m. Voucher: Luke & Robertson 2690 (EA).
Justicia schimperiana subsp. campestris Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland
and dry riverine forest, ca. 35 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1521, Robertson & Luke
5328, Drummond & Hemsley 4119 (EA).
Justicia sp. a. ttonioides S. Moore. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, ca. 150 m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 5985 (EA): Endemic.
Justicia sp. F of FTEA Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, 200–300 m. Voucher:
Robertson & Luke 5989 (EA): Endemic.
Justicia stachytarphetoides (Lindau) C.B. Clarke Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland
forest, riverine forest, thicket, and swamp forest, 5–400 m. Vouchers: MG Gilbert
et al. 5909, Robertson & Luke 5337, BR Adams 78 (EA).
Justicia striata (Klotzsch) Bullock Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland to montane for-
est, ca. 239 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0114 & 0354 (EA, HIB),
Magogo FC & Glover PE 878, Drummond & Hemsley 3829 (EA).
Lankesteria alba Lindau Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 25–500 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–006186 & 005933 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 870, Greenway & Rawlins 9351,
Luke & Robertson 2623, Drummond & Hemsley 1126 (EA).
Megalochlamys revoluta (Lindau) Vollesen subsp. revoluta Habit: Shrubby
herb. Habitat: Bushland or grassland thicket, ca. 250 m. Voucher: Bally PRO
16778(EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
26
Megalochlamys tanaensis Vollesen Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Lowland forest,
ca. 25 m. Vouchers: Gillett et al. 19922, Luke 10727 (EA): Critically Endan-
gered, Endemic.
Megalochlamys trinervia (C.B. Clarke) Vollesen Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat:
Woodland or bushland, 25–200(–400) m. Vouchers: Brenan et al. 14774, Green-
way & Rawlins 9459, Bally PRO16750, Luke 10726, Luke TPR247 (EA).
Monothecium aristatum (Nees) T. Anderson Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland and me-
dium altitude wet evergreen forest or swampy forest, ca. 200 m. Vouchers: Green-
way & Rawlins 9358, K & L Holm 8, Robertson & Luke 5970, BR Adams 86 (EA).
Phaulopsis gediensis Mankt. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, thicket, and
shrubland, 0–500 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 6575, Luke WRQ 3968, Drum-
mond & Hemsley 1091, Luke et al. 3372 (EA).
Pseuderanthemum hildebrandtii Lindau Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal lowland,
medium altitude forest, thicket, and bushland, ca. 199 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V
& Mwadime M V0402 (EA, HIB), Meester V de 336, Magogo FC & Glover PE
721(EA).
Pseuderanthemum subviscosum (C.B. Clarke) Stapf Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest,
riverine forest, and bushland, ca. 365 m. Vouchers: Luke 3947, Glover et al. 1154,
Luke WRQ 886, Magogo & Glover 75 (EA).
Rhinacanthus dichotomus (Lindau) I. Darbysh. var. dichotomus Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Bushland, coastal thicket, margins of cultivation, and roadsides, ca. 199 m. Vouchers:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0481 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2694 (EA).
Rhinacanthus pulcher Milne-Redh. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 225–552 m.
Voucher: Gillett 21100 (EA).
Rhinacanthus rotundifolius C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 0–350 m.
Vouchers: Gillett 19527, Luke et al. in TPR 640 (EA).
Ruellia amabilis S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland and riverine forest, 25–
450 m. Voucher: Gillett & Kibuwa 19949 (EA).
Ruellia patula Jacq. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, woodland, and riverine forest, 60–
400 m. Vouchers: Harvey & Vollens 52, Curtis A 13, Magogo & Glover 274(EA).
Ruellia prostrata Poir. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and woodland, ca.
10 m. Vouchers: Luke et al. TRP775, M Robertson 6363 (EA).
Ruellia tuberosa L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside or secondary grassland, ca.
150m. Vouchers: Luke PA & WRQ 3076, Napier 6195, Luke 3076 (EA): Exotic.
Ruspolia hypocrateriformis (Vahl) Milne-Redh. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland,
0–100 m. Voucher: Bally 13702 (EA).
Sclerochiton boivinii (Baill.) C.B. Clarke Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forest, 0–400
m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006181 & 005546, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V012 (EA,
HIB), Luke WRQ 891, Dale 3664, Drummond & Hemsley 1143, Polhill & Rob-
ertson 4795 (EA).
Sclerochiton vogelii (Nees) T. Anderson subsp. holstii (Lindau) Napper Habit:
Shrub. Habitat: Sub-tropical and tropical moist lowland, 0–500 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–004648, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V022 (EA, HIB).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 27
unbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Habit: Climber. Habitat: Dry bushland to disturbed
and secondary vegetation, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006206 (EA, HIB), Ma-
gogo FC & Glover PE 310, Fabus 23 (EA).
unbergia kirkii Hook. f. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen, semi-evergreen lowland,
and lower montane forest, ca. 152 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005541 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ 1628, Gardner 1407, Magogo & Glove 619, Robertson & Luke 6454 (EA).
unbergia schimbensis S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland or wooded grass-
land, ca. 297 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0157 (EA, HIB), Luke
Q 1487, Drummond & Hemsley 4085, Verdcourt 1934 (EA).
unbergia stelligera Lindau Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland forest, 100–650 m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ 3115, Luke & Robertson 2645 (EA).
Trichaulax mwasumbii Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland or coastal thicket,
50–200 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V017 (EA, HIB), Verdcourt
3607, Faden 71/800, Luke 1947 (EA).
Whiteldia elongata (P. Beauv.) De Wild. & T. Durand Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Ever-
green lowland and lower montane forest, ca. 150 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 16, Luke
WRQ 888, Drummond & Hemsley 1146, Bally 13711, Faden RB 70/809 (EA).
Whiteldia orientalis Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen lowland forest,
220–370 m. Vouchers: Faden 71/767, Luke 893B, Luke 4729 (EA).
F19. Achariaceae
3 Genera, 3 Species
Lindackeria bukobensis Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest or forest edge, often in
open mixed forest, ca. 50 m. Voucher: J Adanson 271 (EA).
Rawsonia lucida Harv. & Sond. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lowland and upland rainfor-
est, dry evergreen forest, semi-swamp, and riverine forest, ca. 237 m. Vouchers:
SAJIT–006027, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0168 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 217 & 4821(EA).
Xylotheca tettensis (Klotzsch) Gilg var. kirkii (Oliv.) Wild Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Low-
land woodland, bushland, and wooded grassland, 0–700 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0218 & 0542 (EA, HIB), Dale in FD 3879, Luke 3083 (EA).
F20. Aizoaceae
3 Genera, 5 Species
Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Maritime shores, coastal
dunes, and beaches, 0–200 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 6147, RM Graham 2221, Luke
PA & WRQ 5648 (EA).
Trianthema ceratosepala Volkens & Irmsch Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 135m.
Voucher: Bally 16715 (EA).
Trianthema portulacastrum L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated ground, 0–250 m.
Vouchers: Linder 2634, Verdcourt B 3617 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
28
Trianthema triquetra Willd. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, woodland,
and saline sands, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: Rawlins SP 828, Drummond & Hemsley
4090, Luke Q 6147 (EA).
Zaleya pentandra (L.) C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, bushland or grass-
land, ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Reitsma J 413, Drummond & Hemsley 1046, Muchiri
J 490 (EA).
F21. Alismataceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Burnatia enneandra Micheli Habit: Herb. Habitat: Edges of slow owing rivers and
streams, shallow lakes, waterholes, and swamps, ca. 5 m. Voucher: Mwadime N
2573 (EA).
Limnophyton obtusifolium (L.) Miq. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps & pools, 15 m.
Vouchers: Luke Q 5635, RM Graham 2164, Hildebrandt 1912 (EA).
F22. Amaranthaceae
20 Genera, 38 Species
Achyranthes aspera L. var. aspera Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas, ca. 0–240 m.
Vouchers: Brown ES 1412, Robertson SA 3799, Hooper & Townsend 1163 (EA).
Achyranthes aspera var. sicula L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas, ca. 0–300m.
Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 153 (EA).
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated area, disturbed
area, bushland, and grassland, ca. 186 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006137, Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0347 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 5468, Magogo FC & Glover PE
924, MacNaughton 96 (EA).
Allmaniopsis fruticulosa Suess. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 110–200 m. Vouch-
er: Gillett 16528 (EA).
Alternanthera pungens Kunth Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, grassland, ca.
0–200m. Vouchers: Jeery GW 522, Rawlins 839 (EA).
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R.Br. ex DC. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp forests and
abandoned cultivation, ca. 0–300 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 110,
Drummond & Hemsley 4174 (EA).
Amaranthus cruentus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated lands, forest margins, ca.
20 m. Vouchers: Wakeeld, Jeery GW 431 (EA).
Amaranthus dubius Mart. ex ell. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated area, waste places,
roadsides, and grassland, ca. 0–50 m. Voucher: Jeery GW 441 (EA): Naturalized.
Amaranthus graecizans subsp. silvestris (Vill.) Brenan Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cul-
tivated ground, grassland, ca. 0–350 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 5694 (EA).
Amaranthus spinosus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated ground ca. 2 m. Voucher:
Mwadime N & Chesire C 256 (EA).
Amaranthus viridis L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated and disturbed areas, ca. 2 m.
Voucher: Sturrock 2008 B (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 29
Atriplex farinosa subsp. keniensis (Brenan) Friis & M.G. Gilbert Habit: Shrub.
Habitat: In sand at or near high tide mark. Vouchers: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2794,
Graham 2166 (EA).
Atriplex semibaccata R.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated area, ca. 10 m. Voucher:
Kennox M 121 (EA): Introduced.
Celosia argentea L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated lands, grassland, rivers, ca.
610m. Vouchers: Weruer 993, Greenway & Rawlins 9461 (EA).
Celosia hastata Lopr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and woodland, 3–106 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0482 (EA, HIB), Festo L & Luke Q
2675, Magogo FC & Glover PE 914 (EA).
Celosia schweinfurthiana Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, clearings,
especially near water, ca. 0–50 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke 5859, Magogo
FC & Glover PE 915 (EA).
Celosia stuhlmanniana Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shaded places, forest, and
scrub, ca. 60 m. Voucher: Nyange M 508 (EA).
Celosia trigyna L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated lands or forest clearings, 0–100m.
Vouchers: Jeery GW 445, McCrag in CM 9170 (EA).
Centemopsis gracilenta (Hiern) Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland or culti-
vated lands, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Rawlins 776 (EA).
Centrostachys aquatica (R.Br.) Moq. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Pools, waterholes, rivers,
and lake shores, ca. 20 m. Voucher: Hooper & Townsend 1227 (EA).
Cyathula braunii Gilg ex Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest undergrowth, ca.
360 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005931, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0368 (EA,
HIB), Gillett 18714, Luke WRQ et al. 3328 (EA).
Cyathula coriacea Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: icket, woodland, and roadside,
30–300 m. Voucher: Greenway 8864 (EA).
Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume var. prostrata Habit: Herb. Habitat: Deciduous to
evergreen vine thickets, ca. 304 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006155, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0294 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 4714 (EA).
Digera muricata (L.) Mart. subsp. muricata Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste ground,
grassland, and bushland, ca. 150 m. Vouchers: RM Graham in FD 648 & 1993 (EA).
Gomphrena celosioides Mart. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, coastal grassland, and
cultivated area, ca. 50–300 m. Vouchers: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2703, Hooper &
Townsend 1168, Robertson SA 3480 (EA).
Gomphrena globosa L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: On grassland, ca. 100 m. Vouchers:
Jeery GW 468, WE Taylor (EA): Naturalized.
Hermbstaedtia gregoryi C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sand dune, 20 m. Vouch-
ers: Frazier J 1101, Moomaw 1562 (EA): Endemic.
Neocentema alternifolia (Schinz) Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside or cultiva-
tion area, 0–50 m. Voucher: Kabuye CHS, Gilbet VC & Robertson 43 (EA).
Nothosaerva brachiata (L.) Wight Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste ground, grassland,
and bushland, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: uiru 78, Luke WRQ 3501 (EA).
Psilotrichum cyathuloides Suess. & Launert Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forests, 0–150m.
Voucher: Rawlins 394 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
30
Psilotrichum fallax C.C. Towns. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forests on limestone,
0–380m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V and Mwadime N V109 (EA, HIB), Magogo &
Glover 4141, Adams 71, Herbarium Techniques Course III 078 (EA).
Psilotrichum gnaphalobryum (Hochst.) Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open Acacia
and Acacia-Commiphora bushland, 140–790 m. Voucher: Luke PA, WRQ et al.
3833 (EA).
Psilotrichum majus Peter Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest undergrowth and margins,
ca. 285 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0122 (EA, HIB), Luke PA,
WRQ 4306, Magogo FC & Glover PE 79 & 261 (EA).
Psilotrichum scleranthum waites Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margin, grassland,
and coconut plantation, ca. 417 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0318
(EA, HIB), Luke Q & Robertson SA 5495, Ross KS 142 (EA).
Psilotrichum sericeum (J. Koenig ex Roxb.) Dalzell Habit: Herb. Habitat: Aban-
doned land, grassland, and bushland, 15–420 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 3801,
Pakia M 113, GM Mungai & SM Rucina 307 (EA).
Pupalia lappacea var. argyrophylla C.C. Towns. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal
bushland, grassland, and cultivated area, 0–530 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006184,
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0319 (EA, HIB), Festo L & Luke Q 2525, Magogo
& Glover 125, Moggridge 157, Gillespie 383 (EA).
Pupalia lappacea var. velutina (Moq.) Hook.f. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland,
grassland, thickets or roadsides, ca. 200 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA
1528, Luke WRQ 3327 (EA).
Salsola africana (Brenan) Botsch. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Semi-desert scrub, ca.
90m. Voucher: Battiscombe 223 (EA).
Tecticornia indica (Willd.) K. Sheph. & Paul G. Wilson Habit: Herb. Habitat: Salt
marshes by the sea and mangrove swamps, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 20439,
Luke Q 6149 (EA).
Volkensinia prostrata (Volkens ex Gilg) Schinz Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland or
grassland, ca. 180 m. Voucher: Gillett 19505 (EA).
F23. Amaryllidaceae
4 Genera, 5 Species
Crinum politifolium R. Wahlstr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine vegetation or damp
places, ca. 86 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0480 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & PA 4581 (EA).
Crinum stuhlmannii Baker subsp. stuhlmannii Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland
or wooded grassland, ca. 0–300 m. Vouchers: Magogo & Glover 468, Jeery &
Kirika 251, Graham K. 1844 (EA).
Cryptostephanus haemanthoides Pax Habit: Herb. Habitat: Deciduous bushland, ca.
20 m. Vouchers: Luke TPR 574, Robertson SA 5371D (EA).
Cyrtanthus sanguineus subsp. wakeeldii (Sealy) Nordal Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Woodland, ca. 0–250 m. Vouchers: Walker in Bally 7406, Wakeeld 42 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 31
Scadoxus multiorus (Martyn) Raf. subsp. multiorus Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Grassland, riverine vegetation, coastal rocks or montane vegetation, ca. 0–350 m.
Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 367 (EA).
F24. Anacardiaceae
7 Genera, 13 Species
Anacardium occidentale L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Cultivated area, abandoned culti-
vated areas, ca. 250 m. Vouchers: RE Perdue & SP Kibuwa 10116, Napier 3274,
R Karisa 24 (EA): Naturalized.
Lannea alata (Engl.) Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland and coastal forests edges,
ca. 88–450 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006442 (EA, HIB), Dale IR 3885, Polhill &
Paulo 598, Luke WRQ 950 (EA).
Lannea cotoneaster (Chiov.) Sacleux Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 75–600 m.
Voucher: Njoroge airu 86 (EA).
Lannea schweinfurthii var. acutifoliolata (Engl.) Kokwaro Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coast-
al forests, 1–460 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004658 & 004663, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0361 & 0333 (EA, HIB) Greenway 9799, RM Graham in FD 1784, Gilbert
MG & Kuchar P 5866, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2775 (EA): Near reatened.
Lannea schweinfurthii var. stuhlmannii (Engl.) Kokwaro Habit: Tree. Habitat:
Woodland, bushland, dry forests, and river valleys, ca. 20–450 m. Vouchers:
Drummond & Hemsley 4166, Luke WRQ 920, Robertson SA 3498 (EA).
Lannea triphylla (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Grassland, and
bushland, ca. 70 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4102, JB Gillet 16486(EA).
Lannea welwitschii var. ciliolata Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lowland rainforest,
riverine forest, and mountain slopes, 110–450 m. Vouchers: Verdcourt in EAH
11322, Magogo & Glover 177, Faden & Faden 74/318 (EA).
Mangifera indica L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Cultivated area, abandoned cultivated ar-
eas, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Bally 13945 (EA): Cultivated.
Ozoroa insignis subsp. reticulata (Baker f.) J.B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wood-
ed grassland, ca. 20–400 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 133, RM Gra-
ham in CM 14563 (EA).
Ozoroa obovata (Oliv.) R. Fern. & A. Fern. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, wood-
land, and forest edges, ca. 88 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006448, 005484 (EA, HIB),
Robertson SA 4240, Robertson SA 7761, Jeery 150, Rawlins 654 (EA).
Sclerocarya birrea subsp. cara (Sond.) Kokwaro Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded
grassland, riverine woodland, and bushland, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006111
(EA, HIB), Sangai GW 15779, Gray M & Luke WRQ 271 (EA).
Sclerocarya gillettii Kokwaro Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, 150–300 m. Voucher:
Robertson 1846 (EA).
Searsia crenulata (A. Rich.) Moett Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen bushland,
woodland, riverine associations, and forests edges, ca. 1–300 m. Vouchers: Ngum-
bau V & Mwadime N V0359, Robertson SA 4217, Jerey 154 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
32
Sorindeia madagascariensis DC. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Riverine, coastal, and up-
land forests, ca. 0–297 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006085 & 005918, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V073 (EA, HIB), Mwadime N 11, Magogo FC & Estes R 1195, RM
Graham in FD 1575, Gillet & Kibuwa 19945, Greenway & Rawlins 9356(EA).
F25. Ancistrocladaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum J. Léonard Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest in disturbed
areas, 60–80 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 1641, Drummond & Hemsley 3936, Pol-
hill & Robertson 4786, Robertson 3649 (EA): Endemic.
F26. Annonaceae
17 Genera, 37 Species
Annona senegalensis Pers. subsp. senegalensis Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland,
woodland and forest, ca. 20–300 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005602 & 005547, Ngum-
bau V & Mwadime N V0283 (EA, HIB), Katz SS 21, Rawlins S 645, Magogo FC
& Glover PE 50 (EA).
Artabotrys brachypetalus Benth. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine vegetation, some-
times in dry woodland, 0–150 m. Voucher: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2724 (EA).
Artabotrys modestus subsp. macranthus Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, wood-
land to grassland, 60–490 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0431 &
V0320 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2753, Luke WRQ 3104 (EA).
Artabotrys monteiroae Oliv. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Moist forest edge or moist grass-
land, ca. 270 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0504, V0536 & V040
(EA, HIB), Luke, Kibet & Amini 6303, Robertson SA, Beentje HJ & Khayota 21
& 94 (EA).
Asteranthe asterias (S. Moore) Engl. & Diels subsp. asterias Habit: Shrub. Habitat:
Forest, 0–60 (–500) m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005449 & 006182, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0236 & V0417 (EA, HIB), Verdcourt B 11355, Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 524 (EA).
Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & omson Habit: Tree. Habitat: Plantations,
0–750 m. Vouchers: Jeery GW 365, RM Graham in FD 2342 (EA): Cultivated.
Huberantha stuhlmannii (Engl.) Chaowasku Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Shrubland,
forest, and savannah, under 100 m. Vouchers: Festo L & Luke Q 2521, Rawlins
262 & 303B (EA): Near reatened.
Isolona cauliora Verdc. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist forests to evergreen bushland,
20–500 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005564 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA
1803, Luke WRQ 2930 (EA): Vulnerable.
Lettowianthus stellatus Diels Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and riverine forest, 10–
280 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005578 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2768,
Luke WRQ 3304 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 33
Mkilua fragrans Verdc. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forests, 0–400 m. Vouch-
ers: SAJIT–006082, 005532, 005535 & 005919, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V059 (EA, HIB), Faden RB & Faden AJ 77/572, Robertson SA, Luke WRQ 235
(EA):Vulnerable.
Monanthotaxis buchananii (Engl.) Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, bushland,
and grassland, 100–400 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004645 & 006002, Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0301 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 4779, 2743A,
Drummond & Hemsley 4485, Verdcourt 1953 (EA).
Monanthotaxis faulknerae Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and savannah, 30–
370 m. Vouchers: Festo L, Laizer G & P 2635, Luke WRQ 3351, Luke WRQ, PA
3822 (EA): Endangered.
Monanthotaxis fornicata (Baill.) Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, woodland,
and bushland, 0–450 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005447, 005448 & 005599 (EA,
HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2635, Battiscombe E 1044, Robertson SA 4252 (EA).
Monanthotaxis trichocarpa (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: In evergreen
forest, 100–300 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005920, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0302
(EA, HIB), Robertson SA 3697, Verdcourt 1895, Magogo & Glover 288 (EA).
Monodora grandidieri Baill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, bushland, and grassland,
10–290 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0434 (EA, HIB), Festo L,
Luke Q & P 2804, Dale 2030, Kokwaro JO 3974, Robertson SA 4263 (EA).
Monodora junodii Engl. & Diels Habit: Shrub. Habitat: On rocky outcrops, wood-
land, and dry areas, 10–15 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 5708 & 5889, Faden RB
71/273, Luke WRQ 3560 (EA).
Ophrypetalum odoratum Diels Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 0–600 m.
Vouchers: Verdcourt B 1075 & 3952, Drummond & Hemsley 3981, Greenway
PJ 9634 (EA): Near reatened.
Polyceratocarpus sp. ?nov. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 300–370 m. Vouchers: Luke
1621 & 881, Luke & Stone 8245 (EA): Endemic.
Sphaerocoryne gracilis (Engl. & Diels) Verdc. subsp. gracilis Habit: Shrub. Habitat:
Moist to dry forest, and shrubland, 30–350 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005922, Ngum-
bau V & Mwadime N V0315 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2597,
Robert SA & Luke WRQ 5190 (EA).
Toussaintia orientalis Verdc. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Shrubland and forest, 140–610m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1038 (EA): Endangered.
Uvaria acuminata Oliv. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland, forest, and woodland, 0–810
m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005496, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0161 (EA, HIB),
Kuchar P 13454, Robertson SA 6456, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 516(EA).
Uvaria denhardtiana Engl. & Diels Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Open scrub or coastal
bushland, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Kirika P, Mbale M & Mbatha M 780, J Adamson
260 (EA): Near reatened.
Uvaria faulknerae Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland or woodland, 45–180 m.
Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5688, Verdcourt 3605, Luke WRQ 118
& 3468 (EA): Endangered.
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34
Uvaria kirkii Oliv. ex Hook. f. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, and
woodland, 0–450 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0467 (EA, HIB),
Festo L, Luke Q 2557, Rawlins 361(EA): Near reatened.
Uvaria leptoclados Oliv. subsp. leptoclados Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 30–
457 m. Vouchers: Hawthorne W 510, Hildebrandt 1971, RM Graham in FD
1763 (EA).
Uvaria lucida Benth. subsp. lucida Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, grassland, and
bushland, ca. 0–400 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005460, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0296 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA 4775, Muchiri J 514, Robertson SA 4232 (EA).
Uvaria puguensis D.M. Johnson Habit: Liana. Habitat: Evergreen coastal forest,
200–390 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V060 & 0364 (EA, HIB),
Nyange M 525 (EA): Critically Endangered.
Uvaria welwitschii (Hiern) Engl. & Diels Habit: Liana. Habitat: Evergreen coastal
forests, 2–300 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005582, Ngumbau V & Mwadime M V0472
(EA, HIB), Festo L & Luke Q 2526, Verdcourt 2124, Robertson SA 2786, Luke
WRQ 536 (EA).
Uvariodendron gorgonis Verdc. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, 180–800
m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime M V0528 (EA, HIB), Brenan JPM, Bre-
nan JH, Gillett JB, Kanuri K & Chomba W 14601, Verdcourt B 1890 & 1911
(EA): Endangered.
Uvariodendron kirkii Verdc. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen coastal forest, often on
coral, 5–450 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005580 & 005445, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0516 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 1044 & 3408 (EA): Vulnerable.
Uvariodendron schmidtii Q. Luke, ined. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lowland rainforest,
ca. 390 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 2919 (EA): Endemic.
Uvariodendron sp. nov. 1 of CFS Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: Luke 1654 (EA).
Uvariodendron sp. nov. 2 of CFS Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: Luke
2929(EA).
Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 40–280 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke WRQ 3378, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2709 (EA).
Xylopia arenaria Engl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland and open coastal bushland,
30–600 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2134, 6000 & 1686, Mog-
gridge 389, Gisau 10, Trump 96 (EA): Vulnerable.
Xylopia holtzii Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and woodland, 50–400 m. Vouch-
ers: SAJIT–005445, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0257 (EA, HIB), Robertson
SA & Abio Gafo L 6812 (EA).
Xylopia keniensis D. M. Johnson Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal forest, ca. 450 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke 13949, Tim P et al. NMK 722, Luke & Robertson 2723 (EA): Endemic.
F27. Apiaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp grassland along river and for-
est clearings, ca. 150 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2753 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 35
Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Naturalized in disturbed places, ca.
30 m. Voucher: Rexton K 32.F (EA): Exotic.
F28. Apocynaceae
53 Genera, 101 Species
Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland and
dry forest, 20–700 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004679 & 005913 (EA, HIB), Greenway
PJ & Rawlins SP 8924 (EA).
Alaa caudata Stapf Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and bushland, 0–800 m. Vouch-
ers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0378 (EA, HIB), Magogo & Glover 791, Luke
& Robertson 1680 & 985 (EA).
Alaa microstylis K. Schum. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, and bush-
land, 30–250 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 22, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2818,
Robertson & Luke 5505 (EA).
Ancylobothrys petersiana (Klotzsch) Pierre Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, bushland,
and thicket, ca. 50 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004643, 005430 & 005590 (EA, HIB),
Robertson SA 4227, Beentje 2286, Kuchar 13531 (EA).
Ancylobothrys tayloris (Stapf) Pichon Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest,
and bushland, ca. 110 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0488 & 0358
(EA, HIB), Luke WRQ et al. 6196, Drummond & Hemsley 3935 (EA).
Asclepias aurea (Schltr.) Schltr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland or waterlogged
grassland, ca. 0–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005518 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC &
Glover PE 120 (EA).
Asclepias curassavica L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and grassland, 0–50 m. Vouch-
er: Jeery K332 (EA): Naturalized.
Aspidoglossum masaicum (N.E.Br.) Kupicha Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grass-
land, ca. 206 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0206 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ 3110 (EA).
Baissea myrtifolia (Benth.) Pichon Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and bushland,
0–450 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0325 & 0104 (EA, HIB),
Dale 3580, Luke 1602, Musyoki & Hansen 1004 (EA).
Baseonema gregoryi Schltr. & Rendle Habit: Liana. Habitat: Dry bushland or ever-
green forest, ca. 620 m. Voucher: Mwadime N 4 (EA).
Calotropis gigantea (L.) W. T. Aiton Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bare and degraded lands,
1–100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005440 (EA, HIB), Gloves 15300, Tweedie 4032 (EA).
Calotropis procera (Aiton.) W. T. Aiton Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Degraded roadsides,
ca. 65 m. Voucher: SAJIT–006439 (EA, HIB).
Caralluma arachnoidea (P.R.O. Bally) M.G. Gilbert var. arachnoidea Habit: Herb.
Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and riverine scrub, 200–300 m. Voucher: Robert-
son SA & Luke WRQ 6029 (EA).
Caralluma arachnoidea var. breviloba (P.R.O. Bally) M. G. Gilbert Habit: Herb.
Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and riverine scrub, ca. 400 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ
& Robertson SA2109 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
36
Carissa bispinosa (L.) Desf. ex Brenan Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest and woodland,
0–400 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1469, Robertson & Luke 5367, Luke & Robertson
2144 (EA).
Carissa spinarum L. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, riverine forest, and thicket.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA sr.
Carissa tetramera (Sacleux) Stapf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, thicket, and bush-
land, 0–450 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1519, Drummond & Hemsley 4179 (EA).
Carvalhoa campanulata K. Schum. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 350 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0311 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robert-
son SA 2727, Robertson 4673 (EA).
Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides in dry savannah,
urban open spaces, and in cultivated areas, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Spjut RW & Ensor
PD 2631 (EA).
Ceropegia abyssinica Decne. var. abyssinica Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, 80
m. Voucher: Nyange M 371 (EA).
Ceropegia ampliata E. Mey. var. oxyloba H. Huber Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal
forest edges, bushland, and rocky ground, ca. 115 m. Voucher: Archer PG 401 (EA).
Ceropegia aristolochioides Decne. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, thicket, and
dry forest, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: Luke 4052, Kabuye CHS, Gilbert VC & Robertson
SA 84/66 (EA).
Ceropegia distincta N.E.Br. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, coral reef, wood-
land, and riverine, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Hawthorne 217, Masinde 860, Bally
12191 (EA).
Ceropegia galeata H. Huber Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, 50–250 m. Vouch-
ers: Bally 12184 & S220, Bayliss 3 (EA).
Ceropegia inornata P.R.O. Bally ex Masinde Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal for-
est and bushland, ca. 50 m. Vouchers: Robertson et al. 6742, Masinde 814 (EA).
Ceropegia konasita Masinde Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and thickets, ca.
60m. Voucher: Mbinda & Pakia 218 (EA).
Ceropegia nilotica Kotschy Habit: Climber. Habitat: Mixed deciduous woodland,
ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6060, Moomaw JC 1616,
Masinde 816 (EA).
Ceropegia racemosa var. voiensis Masinde Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and
thicket, ca. 50–650 m. Voucher: Archer 402 (EA).
Ceropegia seticorona var. dilatiloba P.R.O. Bally Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bush-
land, 50 m. Vouchers: Kabuye CHS, Gilbert VC & Robertson SA 84/66, Drum-
mond & Hemsley 3889 (EA).
Ceropegia somalensis Chiov. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 300 m. Vouch-
er: Adams 145 (EA).
Chlorocyathus monteiroae Oliv. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, 300–800 m. Vouch-
ers: Drummond & Hemsley 4227, Robertson & Luke 6167, Bock H 16047 (EA).
Cryptolepis africana (Bullock) Venter & R.L. Verh. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coast-
al lowland forest, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 3836, Luke &
Mbinda 5978, Festo L, Luke Q & P 2784 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 37
Cryptolepis apiculata K. Schum. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland forest and
shrubby thickets in grassland, 30–350 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0373 & V0211 (EA, HIB), Sauerer 788, Kimeu JM 688, Graham 1526 (EA).
Cryptolepis hypoglauca K. Schum. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Moist evergreen low-
land and coastal forest, ca. 220 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0326
(EA, HIB), Drummond & Hemsley 3917, Rawlins 892 (EA).
Cryptolepis nigrescens (Wennberg) L. Joubert & Bruy Habit: Liana. Habitat: Sec-
ondary forest and savannah, ca. 106 m. Voucher: Bally PRO 1995 (EA).
Cynanchum crassiantherae Liede Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and coastal
dunes, near sea level. Voucher: Festo et al 2777 (EA).
Cynanchum gerrardii (Harv.) Liede subsp. gerrardii Habit: Climber. Habitat: Dry
bushland, 2 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006246 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 1471 (EA).
Cynanchum hastifolium subsp. longirostrum Goyder Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Bushland, ca. 200 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3199 (EA).
Cynanchum insipidum (E. Mey.) Liede & Khanum Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open
grassland, bushland, woodland, and forest, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: SA Robertson
6721, Magogo FC & Glover PE 967 (EA).
Cynanchum resiliens (B.R. Adams & R.W.K. Holland) Goyder Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Bushland, 40–500 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4060, Gillett 16473(EA).
Cynanchum viminale (L.) L. subsp. viminale Habit: Climber. Habitat: Dry scrub,
rocky area, woodland, and riverine, ca. 590 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robert-
son SA 1471, Adams 146, Makin s.n in EA 13047 (EA).
Cynanchum viminale subsp. odontolepis (Balf.f.) Goyder (Balf.f.) Goyder Habit:
Climber. Habitat: Dry coastal forest or woodland, 0–200 (–800) m. Vouchers:
SAJIT–006446, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0494 (EA, HIB), Adams 144,
Robertson & Luke 5611 (EA).
Desmidorchis retrospiciens Ehrenb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Semi-desert, ca. 0–100 m.
Voucher: Gillett 19504 (EA).
Dictyophleba lucida (K. Schum.) Pierre Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, riverine, ca.
410 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0308 & 058, SAJIT–005510
(EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 234 (EA).
Echidnopsis ericiora Lavranos Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushland, 250–450 m.
Voucher: Powys & Heath 793 (EA): Endemic.
Echidnopsis sharpei A.C. White & B. Sloane Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky slopes and
woodland, ca. 450 m. Vouchers: Faden & Faden 74/1045, Luke WRQ 919 (EA).
Edithcolea grandis N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry woodland, mostly on rocky
ground, 200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005910 (EA, HIB), Karisa R 40 (EA).
Fockea angustifolia K. Schum. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and coastal thicket,
ca. 350 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al. 6188, Drummond & Hemsley 4045 (EA).
Funtumia africana (Benth.) Stapf Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and riverine, 30–
150m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 890 (EA).
Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest margins and
dry bushland, ca. 410 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0307 & V039
(EA, HIB), Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh 14, MD Graham 1970 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
38
Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G. Don Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine, wood-
land, and bushland, ca. 407 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006064 (EA, HIB), Luke Q
1409, Gachathi 50/88 (EA).
Huernia andreaeana (Rauh) L.C. Leach Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry deciduous bush-
land, ca. 400 m. Voucher: Rauh Ke867 (EA).
Huernia archeri L.C. Leach Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky bushland, 200–300 m.
Vouchers: Luke & Robertson 2546 & 6041, Robertson 7061 (EA): Endemic.
Hunteria zeylanica (Retz.) Gardner ex waites Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coral rag
forest, riverine forest, and coastal bushland, 0–350 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 33,
Omino EA 89 (EA).
Kanahia laniora (Forssk.) R.Br. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Seasonal watercourses.
Voucher: Kibuwa 2465 (EA).
Landolphia eminiana K. Schum. ex Hallier f. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine,
woodland, and thicket, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Lap LJ 307 (EA).
Landolphia kirkii Dyer Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, Woodland, bushland, thicket,
and wooded grassland, ca. 60–270 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1508, Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 2821, Kokwaro 3960 (EA).
Landolphia watsoniana Romburgh Habit: Liana. Habitat: Moist forest, 0–250 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V006 & V0226 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ
& Robertson SA 2820, Luke 3124 (EA).
Marsdenia crinita Oliv. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, ca. 142 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–006007 (EA, HIB), Nyange M 574 (EA).
Marsdenia faulknerae (Bullock) Omlor Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest margins,
0–400 m. Voucher: Luke & Luke 4749 (EA).
Marsdenia macrantha (Klotzsch) Schltr. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Woodland and for-
est margins, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2791, Robertson & Luke
5536(EA).
Marsdenia rubicunda N.E.Br. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland and riverine, ca.
20m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 877, RM Graham 2335, Kimeu JM
698, Robertson SA 3436 (EA).
Marsdenia stelostigma K. Schum. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland, 0–300 m.
Voucher: Mungai et al. 93 (EA).
Marsdenia taylorii Schltr. & Rendle Habit: Liana. Habitat: Dry forest, ca. 200 m.
Vouchers: Luke 4695, Taylor s.n. (EA).
Mascarenhasia arborescens A. DC. Habit: Tree. Habitat: River banks, forest,
0–750m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0374 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC
& Estes R 1206 (EA).
Mondia ecornuta (N.E.Br.) Bullock Habit: Liana. Habitat: Coastal bushland, wood-
land, and mangrove forest edge, 0–700 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0381 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 1637, Hawthorne W 434 (EA).
Mondia whitei (Hook.f.) Skeels Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland, 5–250 m. Vouch-
ers: Hawthorne W 529, Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 2352, Robertson SA, Beentje
HJ, Luke WRQ & Khayota B 41 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 39
Oncinotis tenuiloba Stapf Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, riverine, swamp for-
est, and secondary forest, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: Luke & Robertson 2325, Luke
10720(EA).
Orbea denboei (Lavranos) Bruyns Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, ca. 700 m.
Voucher: Heath & Powys 790 (EA).
Orbea distincta (E.A. Bruce) Bruyns Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 230 m.
Vouchers: Luke & Robertson 2337A, Ritchie s.n. in Bally S52, Robertson SA
6902 (EA).
Oxystelma bornouense R.Br. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Riverine, ca. 60 m. Vouchers:
GRC van Someren 1072, Greenway 9245 (EA).
Pachycarpus bisacculatus (Oliv.) Goyder Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterlogged grass-
land or woodland, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005521 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ
3162, Drummond & Hemsley 1102 (EA).
Pentatropis nivalis (J.F. Gmel.) D.V. Field & J.R.I. Wood Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Bushland and riverine forests, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005903, Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0454 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 6153 (EA).
Pergularia daemia (Forssk.) Chiov. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Dry bushland, savan-
nah or forest margins, 0–150 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006210 & 005936 (EA, HIB),
Magogo FC & Glover PE 868 (EA).
Pleiocarpa pycnantha (K. Schum.) Stapf Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen forest, riv-
erine, and swamp forest, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 893A & 1405, RB
Faden & AJ Faden 77/751 (EA).
Pleioceras orientale Vollesen Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal thicket, 300–750 m.
Voucher: Luke et al. 9445 (EA): Vulnerable.
Raphionacme sp. cf. jurensis N.E. Br. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Woodland. Voucher:
Archer 520 (EA): Endemic.
Raphionacme splendens Schltr. subsp. splendens Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest,
woodland, and grassland, ca. 80 m. Vouchers: Luke et al. 4494, Luke & Robertson
2331, Adamson 220, Bally 5916, Robertson 6647 (EA).
Rauvola mombasiana Stapf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Riverine forest and coastal for-
est, 0–550m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005462, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V116 &
0225 (EA, HIB), Mussa Mandia 64 (EA).
Saba comorensis (Bojer ex A.DC.) Pichon Habit: Liana. Habitat: Closed-forest,
fringing forest, and savannah woodland, ca. 5–80 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006093
(EA, HIB), Elliot CW 1348, Magogo FC & Glover PE 145 (EA).
Schizostephanus alatus Hochst. ex K. Schum. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland
or degraded forest patches, ca. 10–300 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 5, Luke 2454,
Robertson 4939, RB Faden, AJ & Faden JB, Gillett & N Gachathi 77/427 (EA).
Schizozygia coaeoides Baill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 204 m. Vouch-
ers: SAJIT–005943 & 005579, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V063 & 0212 (EA,
HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5184 (EA).
Secamone gracilis N.E. Br. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal forest, 0–500 m. Vouch-
er: Hawthorne 191 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
40
Secamone parvifolia (Oliv.) Bullock Habit: Liana. Habitat: ickets and coastal for-
est, ca. 245 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0269 (EA, HIB), Kok-
waro JO 3562, Polhill & Paulo 613 (EA).
Secamone punctulata Decne. Habit: Liana. Habitat: ickets, riverine, and coastal for-
est, ca. 5–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006084, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0410
& 0513 (EA, HIB), Graham RM FD 2004, Gerhardt K & Steiner M 50 (EA).
Secamone retusa N.E.Br. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Lowland and coastal forest, 0–350m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–004659, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0364, 0458 & 0513
(EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 840, Luke 3344, Greenway 1082, Harvey
et al. 53 (EA).
Secamone stuhlmannii K. Schum. Habit: Climber. Habitat: ickets, ca. 0–800 m.
Voucher: Reitsma J 407 (EA).
Stathmostelma pauciorum K. Schum Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterlogged grassland,
ca. 0–400 m. Vouchers: Dale IR K3544, Kassner J 159 (EA).
Strophanthus courmontii Sacleux ex Franch. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine forest
and thickets, ca. 40–280 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V100 & 0386
(EA, HIB), Perdue & Kibuwa 10221, Luke et al. 136, Faden 74/301 (EA).
Strophanthus kombe Oliv. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Evergreen forest and dense bushland,
ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Kimeu JM 664, Luke WRQ et al. 4604G, JB Gillet 21065 (EA).
Strophanthus petersianus Klotzsch Habit: Liana. Habitat: Coastal forest and wood-
land, 0–650 m. Vouchers: Graham 1712, Robertson 4122 (EA).
Strophanthus zimmermannianus Monach. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Moist forest, 0–800
m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0123 (EA, HIB), Luke PA, WRQ
4528, Luke WRQ 877 & 5276, Magogo & Glover 4911, Luke et al. 4528(EA).
Tabernaemontana elegans Stapf Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, coastal bushland, and
thicket, 0–400 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005492 (EA, HIB), Kimeu JM 526, Magogo
FC & Glover PE 746 (EA).
Tabernaemontana pachysiphon Stapf Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist forest and riverine
forest, 0–400 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005514 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE
201 (EA).
Tacazzea apiculata Oliv. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Swamp and lake bank forests, ca.
30m. Voucher: Luke et al. 778 (EA).
Vincetoxicum apiculatum (K. Schum.) Meve & Liede Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Coastal, riverine forest, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 6894, Roberson &
Luke 6313, Drummond & Hemsley 3941 (EA).
Vincetoxicum conspicuum (N.E. Br.) Meve & Liede Habit: Climber. Habitat: Moist
forest, ca. 65 m. Vouchers: Luke & Pakia 7458, Luke & Robertson 2309, Nyange
M 519 (EA).
Vincetoxicum cernuum (Decne.) Meve & Liede Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bare
ground, coral thickets, and sand dunes, 0–100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005586 (EA,
HIB), Vorontsova MS 110, Napper 1273 (EA).
Vincetoxicum stenolobum (K. Schum.) Meve & Liede. Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Coastal, riverine forest, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Luke et al. TPR 782, Luke & Luke
5975, Kasnner 395 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 41
Vincetoxicum tenuipedunculatum (K. Schum.) Meve & Liede Habit: Climber.
Habitat: Upland and coastal forest, ca. 80–240 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005988 (EA,
HIB), Archer PG 511 (EA).
Voacanga africana Stapf Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest or riverine forest, ca. 60 m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 5403, Drummond & Hemsley 3902, Luke 3829,
Nyange M 504 (EA).
Wrightia demartiniana Chiov. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry bushland, ca. 620 m.
Vouchers: Mwadime N 2429, Robertson 1771 (EA).
Xysmalobium stocksii N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and woodland, ca.
350 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 3098B, Magogo & Clover 481 (EA).
F29. Aponogetonaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Aponogeton abyssinicus var. albiorus Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Temporary pools,
ca. 35 m. Voucher: Luke Q 1489 (EA).
F30. Araceae
11 Genera, 16 Species
Amorphophallus maximus (Engl.) N.E.Br. subsp. maximus Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Woodland and bushland, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Hildebrandt 2018 (EA).
Anchomanes abbreviatus Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, 0–800 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–006158, 005511 & 005979 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robert-
son SA 4711, Magogo FC & Glover PE 566 (EA).
Callopsis volkensii Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 45–800 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–005543, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V030 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glov-
er PE 1041 (EA): Near reatened.
Culcasia orientalis Mayo Habit: Climber. Habitat: Riverine and secondary forest,
0–750 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0372 (EA, HIB), Greenway
PJ, Rawlins SP 9360, Magogo FC & Glover PE 622 (EA).
Gonatopus boivinii (Decne.) Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, and
wooded grassland, ca. 70 m. Vouchers: Kimeu JM, Meso M Ot 601, Magogo FC
& Glover PE 580, Robertson 5679 (EA).
Gonatopus marattioides (Peter) Bogner Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry lowland forest
and woodland, 3–350 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ et al. 3331 (EA): Vulnerable.
Gonatopus petiolulatus (Peter) Bogner Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest,
0–400 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 4499 (EA).
Lemna aequinoctialis Welw. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock pools, small pools, and
rice elds, ca. 350 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4141, Polhill & Paulo
845(EA).
Pistia stratiotes L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open still freshwater, 15–182 m. Vouch-
ers: SAJIT–006224 & 006022 (EA, HIB), Luke PA, WRQ 5623, Magogo FC &
Glover PE 908 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
42
Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Still water, ca. 450 m.
Voucher: Gillett & Kibuwa 19956 (EA).
Stylochaeton bogneri Mayo Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal evergreen forest, ca. 207 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–006022 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & PA 4502 (EA): Endangered.
Stylochaeton borumensis N.E. Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, woodland, and
grassland, 0–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005986 & 005987 (EA, HIB).
Stylochaeton salaamicus N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest or grassland, 30–
250m. Vouchers: Rawlins SP 149, Beentje HJ 2364, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA
2694 & 6186 (EA).
Stylochaeton sp. cf. milneanus Mayo Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: R & L
6104 (EA).
Wola arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ditches and pools, ca.
0–350 m. Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 4164 (EA).
Zamioculcas zamiifolia (Lodd.) Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland,
bushland, and grassland, 0–610 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1547, Magogo FC & Glov-
er PE 1129 (EA).
F31. Araliaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Cussonia zimmermannii Harms Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and woodland, 20–
400m. Vouchers: Hawthorne W 553, Magogo FC & Glover PE 680, Drummond
& Hemsley 1198, RM Graham in FD 1806, Robertson SA 3631 (EA).
F32. Araucariaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don Habit: Tree. Habitat: Dry forest and
thicket, ca. 15 m. Voucher: Perdue RE 10034 (EA): Cultivated.
F33. Arecaceae
7 Genera, 8 Species
Areca catechu L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Open secondary forest, ca. 0–100 m. Voucher:
DP Kariuki EA 16085 (EA): Cultivated.
Borassus aethiopum Mart. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Riverine ats, coastal plains, and
open secondary forest, ca. 0–200 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr.
Cocos nucifera L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Tropical seashores, ca. 0–100 m. Voucher:
Verdcourt B 2120 (EA): Cultivated.
Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Open forest, ca. 0–200 m. Vouchers:
Luke PA, WRQ 4517, Shimba Hills Survey Unit 56 (EA).
Hyphaene compressa H. Wendl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Open grassland, 150 m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA sr.
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 43
Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savannah and grassland, 0–300m.
Vouchers: Kirika P 576, Shimba Hills Survey Unit 42 (EA).
Phoenix reclinata Jacq. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Open forests, savannah woodland, or
low scrub thickets, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Moomaw JC 1289 (EA).
Raphia farinifera (Gaertn.) Hyl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist swampy ground, ca.
0–250 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE sr.
F34. Aristolochiaceae
2 Genera, 3 Species
Aristolochia albida Duch. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest grassland, clearings, and
edges, ca. 260 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005595, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V004
(EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2673 (EA).
Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Riverine forest, 30–100 m.
Vouchers: AB Katende 1796, Q Luke et al. TPR 479 (EA).
Hydnora sinandevu Beentje & Q. Luke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Scattered tree grass-
land, ca. 2 m. Vouchers: Luke 3033, Bally 2051 & 10434 (EA).
F35. Asparagaceae
7 Genera, 40 Species
Albuca abyssinica Jacq. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In grassland, ca. 382 m. Vouchers:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0357 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 3153 (EA).
Asparagus africanus Lam. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest edges and bushy wooded
areas, ca. 2 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006236 (EA, HIB), Rawlins SP 84 (EA).
Asparagus buchananii Baker Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland and wooded grass-
land, 0–150 m. Vouchers: Williams 299, Graham RM 1931 (EA).
Asparagus falcatus L. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and dry forest, 0–850 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–006428 (EA, HIB), Greenway 9623, Luke WRQ et al. 6193,
Bally 5837, Greenway 9623 (EA).
Asparagus faulknerae Sebsebe Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, dry forest,
and woodland, 0–250 (–450) m. Vouchers: Bally & Smith B14364, Bjornstad
211(EA).
Asparagus agellaris (Kunth) Baker Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland and wooded
bushland, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 612, Waterman 1093 (EA).
Asparagus humilis Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coral outcrops, salt ats near man-
grove, 0–15 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 3029, De Meester 19/79 (EA).
Asparagus leptocladodius Chiov. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland or bushed grass-
land, 0–750 m. Voucher: Ngweno 7C (EA).
Asparagus scaberulus A. Rich. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, and
bushed grassland, (60)–350 m. Voucher: Makin in EA 13055 (EA).
Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) Jessop Habit: Climber. Habitat: Woodland and grass-
land, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 989 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
44
Chlorophytum angustissimum (Poelln.) Nordal Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ca.
50 m. Voucher: Luke 3025 (EA).
Chlorophytum cameronii var. pterocaulon (Welw. ex Baker) Nordal Habit: Herb.
Habitat: Woodland and grassland, ca. 350 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley
4156, Polhill & Paulo 834 (EA).
Chlorophytum lipendulum subsp. amaniense (Engl.) Nordal & A.D. Poulsen
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 30–650 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V021 & V0407 (EA, HIB), Magogo & Glover 784, Polhill & 795 (EA).
Chlorophytum holstii Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest or woodland, ca. 80 m.
Vouchers: Robertson & Luke 6240, Gray M 435 (EA).
Chlorophytum suruticosum Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocks and termite
mounds, ca. 10 m Vouchers: Luke Q 1553, Drummond & Hemsley 1012 (EA).
Chlorophytum tenerrimum Peter ex Poelln. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest
and thickets, 70–150 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006130 (EA, HIB), Drummond &
Hemsley 3794, Polhill & Paulo 851, Musyoki & Hansen 994 (EA).
Dipcadi longifolium (Lindl.) Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: On sand along the coast,
0–30 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006242 & 004675 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 3118, Bally
8877, Gillett 20836, Greenway 10458 (EA).
Dipcadi viride (L.) Moench Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and wood-
land, ca. 500 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 600, Meester-Manger Cats
V de 42 (EA).
Dracaena aletriformis (Haw.) Bos Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen or semi-de-
ciduous forest, 50–300 m. Vouchers: Verdcourt 3606, Robertson & Luke 4781,
Schmidt 1712 (EA).
Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 210m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0391 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA
4207(EA).
Dracaena laxissima Engl. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Moist forest or riverine forest, ca.
1–400 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 242A (EA).
Dracaena mannii Baker Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forest, riverine forest, for-
est margins, and secondary bushland, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005505 (EA,
HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5185 (EA).
Drimia altissima (L.f.) Ker Gawl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushed grassland,
ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 213, Irwin 453, Jerey 293 (EA).
Drimia macrocarpa Stedje Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and bushland, ca. 35m.
Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 30, Archer 531, Drummond & Hemsley
1030 (EA).
Ledebouria kirkii (Baker) Stedje & ulin Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland or
bushland, ca. 0–300 m. Voucher: Gilbert 6048 (EA).
Sansevieria itumea (Mbugua) Jankalski Habit: Herb. Habitat: ickets lowlands of
the coastal region. Voucher: Bally & Smith B14404A (EA).
Sansevieria arborescens Cornu ex Gérôme & Labroy Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ever-
green coastal forest or evergreen bushland, 0–600 m. Vouchers: Reitsma J 543,
Luke WRQ et al. 5703 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 45
Sansevieria bagamoyensis N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open forest, coastal bush-
land, and thicket, 0–400 m. Vouchers: Graham 1808, Faden et al. 77/460 (EA).
Sansevieria ballyi L.E. Newton Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock faces, ca. 180 m. Vouch-
ers: Mrs Robertson SA 7602, Newton 5856, Newton 5594 (EA): Endemic.
Sansevieria conspicua N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Littoral forest and evergreen
bushland, 2–150 m. Vouchers: Luke 3092, Drummond & Hemsley 3845, Raw-
lins SP 382, Robertson & Luke 2284 (EA).
Sansevieria ehrenbergii Schweinf. ex Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry wooded grass-
land, dry bushland, and thickets, ca. 20 m. Voucher: Mrs Robertson SA 7723 (EA).
Sansevieria scheri (Baker) Marais Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushland, 250–
550m. Voucher: Bally PRO 16893 (EA).
Sansevieria forskaoliana (Schult. f.) Hepper & J.R.I. Wood Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Dry or evergreen bushland and grassland, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Robertson 1778 (EA).
Sansevieria francisii Chahinian Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal forest, low altitude.
Voucher: Horwood 432 (EA): Endemic.
Sansevieria gracilis N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushland and thicket,
0–100m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1478 (EA).
Sansevieria hyacinthoides (L.) Druce Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushland or river-
ine forest, 50–600 m. Voucher: Verdcourt 3220 (EA).
Sansevieria kirkii Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, thicket, and riverine fringe,
5–180 m. Vouchers: Luke 4012 & 4013 (EA).
Sansevieria nitida Chahinian Habit: Herb. Habitat: No data. Voucher: Chahinian
301 (EA): Endemic.
Sansevieria perrotii Warb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and bushed grassland,
550 m. Voucher: Sangai GW 15602 (EA).
Sansevieria powelii N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushland and scattered tree
grassland, ca. 650 m. Vouchers: Faden RB & AJ 71/810, Perdue RE & Kibuwa SP
10126, Gillett JB 19970 (EA).
Sansevieria rallii N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushland, woodland or dry
forest, 0–500 m. Voucher: Polhill R & Paulo S 682 (EA).
F36. Asphodelaceae
1 Genus, 12 Species
Aloe deserti A. Berger Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Deciduous thickets, ca. 259 m. Vouch-
er: Bally PRO 8866 (EA): Near reatened.
Aloe kiliensis Christian Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 3–380 m. Vouchers: Ma-
gogo FC & Glover PE 430, Jeery GW 710, Frazier 881 (EA): Endangered.
Aloe massawana Reynolds Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open thickets, 0–20 m. Voucher:
SA Robertson 6365 (EA): Vulnerable.
Aloe microdonta Chiov. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 60 m. Voucher: Gillett
16544 (EA).
Aloe parvidens M.G. Gilbert & Sebsebe Habit: Herb. Habitat: Acacia woodland, ca.
560 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1199 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
46
Aloe penduliora Baker Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 645 m. Voucher: Rob-
ertson & Luke 6159 (EA).
Aloe rabaiensis Rendle Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 18–500 m. Vouchers: Rob-
ertson SA & Luke WRQ 2211, Verdcourt 3193, Bally 8537, Hooper & Transcend
1156 (EA).
Aloe ruspoliana Baker Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, open rocky hillsides, ca.
400m. Voucher: Bally & Smith 14990 (EA).
Aloe secundiora Engl. var. secundiora Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wood-
land, ca. 200 m. Voucher: Mwendia CW 16247 (EA).
Aloe ukambensis Reynolds Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, ca. 600 m. Voucher:
Gilbert MG 1739 (EA): Vulnerable.
Aloe vituensis Baker Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 290 m. Voucher: Newton
& Powys 3569 (EA).
Aloe volkensii Engl. subsp. volkensii Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Riverine woodland,
ca. 10–410 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1026, Robertson SA
6379(EA).
F37. Asteraceae
49 Genera, 82 Species
Acanthospermum hispidum DC. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed places, ca. 260 m.
Voucher: Waaijenberg H 8 (EA): Naturalized.
Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, swampy area, and grass-
land, ca. 40 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 6032, Nyange M 457 (EA).
Adenostemma viscosum J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet ground
and riverine, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2755, Magogo
FC & Glover PE 102 & 373 (EA).
Ageratum conyzoides L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, and cultivated
land, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 371 (EA): Naturalized.
Aspilia kotschyi (Sch. Bip. ex Hochst.) Oliv. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, waste
land, bushland, and woodland, ca. 350 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0241 (EA, HIB), Rawlins SP 817 (EA).
Aspilia macrorrhiza Chiov. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sand dunes or coral, 0–10 m.
Voucher: Luke, PA & WRQ 6148 (EA): Endangered.
Aspilia mossambicensis (Oliv.) Wild Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Swamps, forest, wood-
land, bushland, and grassland, ca. 45–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006147, Ngum-
bau V & Mwadime N V0196 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke WRQ & PA 2802, Ma-
gogo FC & Glover PE 325 (EA).
Athroisma pusillum T. Erikss. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 350–500 m. Vouch-
ers: Drummond & Hemsley 4073, Faden & Faden 72/120 (EA): Endemic.
Bidens holstii (O. Hom.) Sher Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bushland, and grass-
land, ca. 700 m. Voucher: Luke & Robertson 2050 (EA).
Bidens pilosa L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Neglected places, ca. 90 m. Vouchers: Magogo
FC & Glover PE 825, Craig M 9179 (EA): Naturalized.
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 47
Bidens schimperi Sch.Bip. ex Walp. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas, wood-
land, bushland, and grassland, 250–372 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006146, Ngumbau
V & Mwadime N V0149 (EA, HIB), Gillett 18677, Someren, HD van 43 (EA).
Bidens taylorii (S. Moore) Sher Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and forest,
ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6051, Magogo & Glover 651 (EA).
Blepharispermum ellenbeckii Cufod. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 150 m.
Voucher: Mungai & Rucina 404/84 (EA).
Blepharispermum minus S. Moore Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and grassland,
30–450 m. Vouchers: Luke et al. TPR 650, Bally 16886 (EA).
Blepharispermum zanguebaricum Oliv. & Hiern Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry forest
and bushland, ca. 150 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Beentje HJ 4061, Robertson
SA, Beentje HJ, Luke WRQ & Khayota B 152 (EA).
Blumea axillaris (Lam.) DC. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy, riverine, and grassland,
ca. 1–300 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 526 (EA).
Bothriocline longipes (Oliv. & Hiern) N.E.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grass-
land or riverine vegetation, ca. 200 m. Voucher: Gilbert VC 3505 (EA).
Brachylaena huillensis O. Hom. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and bushland, ca.
500m. Vouchers: Katz SS 75/33, Luke WRQ 915 (EA): Near reatened.
Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine, for-
est, and cultivation area, ca. 45 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al. 4728, Makokha D,
Malombe I & Saidi C 1567 (EA).
Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated area and grass-
land, ca. 243 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V024 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & PA 5691, Kirika P & Muthoka P 738, Rawlins 430, Perdue & Kibuwa
10037, Robertson 3307 (EA).
Dicoma tomentosa Cass. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, woodland, and
rocky area, ca. 400 m. Voucher: van Someren 946 (EA).
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy and riverine area, ca.
23m. Vouchers: Kirika P, Muthoka P & Mbale M 755, Bally PRO & Smith AR
14373(EA).
Emilia bellioides (Chiov.) C.Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sand dunes and coral,
0–10 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 5464, Rawlins 105, Greenway & Rawlins 9421
(EA): Vulnerable.
Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and bushland, ca.
186 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0348 (EA, HIB), Fukuoka N
284, Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh41 (EA).
Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ex Wight Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy, grassland, and
cultivation area, 1–600 m. Vouchers: Jeery 780, Greenway & Rawlins 9375 (EA).
Emilia tricholepis C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, ca. 5–200 m. Vouch-
er: Brathany C 58 (EA).
Erigeron aegyptiacus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, cultivation, riverbeds,
oodplains, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Njoroge airu 38 (EA).
Erigeron bonariensis L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 0–500 m. Voucher: Ma-
gogo FC & Glover PE 344 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
48
Erythrocephalum marginatum (O. Hom.) S. Ortiz & A.P. Cout. Habit: Herb.
Habitat: Forest, ca. 53 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004651, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0130 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 937, Simpson BL 388 (EA).
Erythrocephalum minus Oliv. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest, woodland,
and roadsides, ca. 45 m. Vouchers: Graham RM 1928, Drummond & Hemsley
4146, Luke & Luke 3980 (EA).
Ethulia angustifolia Bojer ex DC. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivation, riverine, road-
side, and grassland, ca. 210 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0376
(EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2803 (EA).
Ethulia faulknerae C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, coral, 0–15 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke WRQ 15341, Gregory, Festo 2803 (EA).
Ethulia gracilis Delile Habit: Herb. Habitat: A common weed, ca. 256 m. Vouchers:
Fukuoka N 517, Kirika P 934, Kuchar P 7267 (EA).
Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C. Mohr Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste ground, swampy,
and cultivation. Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 1047 (EA): Naturalized.
Galinsoga parviora Cav. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas and roadside, ca.
0–100 m. Voucher: Jeery GW 776 (EA): Naturalized.
Geigeria acaulis Benth. & Hook.f. ex Oliv. & Hiern Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grass-
land and bushland, ca. 250 m. Voucher: Gillett & Gachathi 20527 (EA).
Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine, ca. 5–100 m.
Voucher: Luke et al. TPR 144 (EA).
Grauanthus linearifolius (O. Hom.) Fayed Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and forest,
1–150 m. Vouchers: Greenway & Rawlins 9455, Hooper & Townsend 1181(EA).
Gutenbergia cordifolia Benth. ex Oliv. var. cordifolia Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland,
riverine, forest, roadside, and cultivated area, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Boyle B 132 (EA).
Gutenbergia pembensis S. Moore Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, and
forest, 1–400 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0461 (EA, HIB), Simp-
son, BL 76, Magogo FC & Glover PE 1084, Boyle B 132, Luke & Robertson
1780, Kassner 366 (EA).
Gymnanthemum coloratum (Willd.) H. Rob. & B. Kahn Habit: Shrub. Habitat:
Woodland or riverine, 160–250 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 1142,
Faden 77/705 (EA).
Gynura colorata Peter ex F. G. Davies Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and rocky area,
0–850 m. Voucher: Musyoki BM & Hansen OJ 974 (EA).
Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and woodland, ca.
0–100m. Vouchers: Festo L & Luke WRQ 2691, Kassner 475 (EA).
Gynura scandens O. Hom. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, riverine and woodland, ca.
1–200 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 975, Luke & Robertson 1789 (EA).
Helichrysum glumaceum DC. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland or dry bushland, ca.
350 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2541, Drummond RB & Hemsley
JH 4047 (EA).
Jereycia hildebrandtii (Vatke) H. Rob., S. C. Keeley & Skvarla Habit: Shrub. Habi-
tat: Forest margins, swampy area, riverine, bushland, and roadsides, 1–700 m. Vouch-
ers: Kirika P, Muthoka P & Mbale M 749, Magogo FC & Glover PE 171 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 49
Jereycia zanzibarensis (Less.) H. Rob., S. C. Keeley & Skvarla Habit: Herb. Habi-
tat: Forest margins, bushland, and roadsides, ca. 96 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006126
(EA, HIB), Adamson 11, Drummond & Hemsley 1155 (EA).
Kleinia abyssinica (A. Rich.) A. Berger var. abyssinica Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bush-
land, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004666 (EA, HIB), Simpson BL 390 (EA).
Kleinia abyssinica var. hildebrandtii (Vatke) C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky,
grassland, bushland, woodland, and forest, 20–250 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 964, Musyoki & Hansen 971 (EA).
Kleinia implexa (P.R.O. Bally) C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and rocky
area, ca. 340 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2566, Drummond &
Hemsley 4092 (EA).
Kleinia odora (Forssk.) DC. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 75 m. Voucher:
Bally PRO 16891 (EA).
Kleinia schweinfurthii (Oliv. & Hiern) A. Berger Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland,
ca. 200 m. Voucher: Luke & Luke 4427 (EA).
Laggera brevipes Oliv. & Hiern Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, and
waste ground, 1–200 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 1137 (EA).
Launaea cornuta (Hochst. ex Oliv. & Hiern) C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Grassland and cultivated area, ca. 227 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0275 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 813 (EA).
Launaea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauverd Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverbed, coral, and
cultivated area, ca. 6 m. Vouchers: Greenway 9267, Mwadime N & Chesire C
195(EA).
Launaea nana (Baker) Chiov. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ca. 450 m. Voucher:
Luke WRQ et al. 4604E (EA).
Launaea sarmentosa (Willd.) Sch.Bip. ex Kuntze Habit: Herb. Habitat: High water
mark, beach, and sandy shores, 0–15 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006260 (EA, HIB),
Rawlins 184, Robertson 6136, Drummond & Hemsley 4001 (EA).
Microglossa hildebrandtii O. Hom. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and bushland,
1–600 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5591, Magogo FC & Glover
PE 737, Luke WRQ 1811 (EA).
Mikania chenopodiifolia Willd. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, swampy, and river-
ine, 0–300 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 1126 (EA).
Nicolasia nitens (O. Hom.) Eyles Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, riverine, and
temporary pools, 300–600 m. Voucher: Mungai et al. 284/83 (EA).
Orbivestus homilanthus (S. Moore) H. Rob. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest margin,
bushland, and beach, 0–15 m. Voucher: Gillespie JB 204 (EA).
Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) DC. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Riverine, woodland, and
swampy, ca. 61 m. Vouchers: Sangai GW EA 15795, Kibuwa 2466, Robertson &
Luke 5816, Polhill & Paulo 830 (EA).
Pluchea sordida (Vatke) Oliv. & Hiern Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Riverine, ca. 256 m.
Vouchers: Luke Q 5651, Kuchar P 11974, Kirika P 932 (EA).
Porphyrostemma monocephala (E.A. Bruce) Leins Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland,
ca. 45 m. Voucher: Makin 422 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
50
Pseudoconyza viscosa (Mill.) D’Arcy Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine forest, ca.
1–300 m. Vouchers: Luke 3354, Jeery GW 703, Magogo FC & Glover PE
388(EA).
Sigesbeckia orientalis L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated and ruderal area, ca.
240m. Vouchers: Greenway PJ 9178, Pierce T, David & James (EA).
Solanecio angulatus (Vahl) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: In rivers and streams
or woodland, 250–600 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA sr.
Solanecio cydoniifolius (O. Hom.) C.Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest mar-
gin, cultivated area, and coral, ca. 3 m. Vouchers: van Someren VGL Sh 3, Wake-
eld s.n., Mwadime & Chesire 278 (EA).
Sphaeranthus africanus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine, 1–450 m. Vouchers: Luke
WRQ 2938, Nyange M 489 (EA).
Sphaeranthus bullatus Mattf. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine and rocky area, ca.
60m. Voucher: Luke & Luke 3827a (EA).
Sphaeranthus kirkii Oliv. & Hiern var. kirkii Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine, ca.
137 m. Vouchers: Fukuoka N 270, Magogo & Glover 760 (EA).
Sphaeranthus kirkii var. cyathuloides (O. Hom.) Beentje Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Bushland, 1–1750 m. Voucher: omas 125 (EA).
Sphaeranthus spathulatus A. Peter Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ponds and streams,
1–250m. Voucher: Festo L & Luke Q 2577 (EA).
Sphaeranthus ukambensis Vatke & O. Hom. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine, bush-
land, grassland, and woodland, 1–450 m. Voucher: Tana R. Primate Res. Expedi-
tion 298 (EA).
Sphaeranthus zavattarii Cufod. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and swampy area,
100–450 m. Voucher: Makin EA 14692 (EA).
Synedrella nodiora (L.) Gaertn. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste land or cultivated
land, ca. 213 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006071, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0335
(EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 722 (EA): Naturalized.
Tridax procumbens L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed of cultivated areas, 213–
381 m. Vouchers: Waaijenberg H 10, Magogo FC & Glover PE 723 & 351
(EA):Naturalized.
Vernonia colorata (Willd.) Drake subsp. colorata Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland
or riverine, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Faden & Faden 77/705, Nyange M 506 (EA).
Vernonia popeana C. Jerey Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, and
woodland, 0–150 m. Voucher: Luke & Robertson 2514 (EA).
Vernonia wakeeldii Oliv. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 350 m. Vouchers:
SAJIT–005429 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA & Beentje HJ 4062, Drummond &
Hemsley 4058 (EA).
Vernoniastrum aemulans (Vatke) H. Rob. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, cultiva-
tions, grassland, woodland, and bushland, ca. 80–375 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0147 (EA, HIB), Waaijenbrg H 3, Magogo FC & Glover PE
716, 1087, 398 & 500 (EA).
Wollastonia biora (L.) DC. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, coral, and sandy
shores, 0–15 m. Voucher: Festo L & Luke WRQ 2454 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 51
F38. Balsaminaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Impatiens walleriana Hook. f. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland and coastal rainforest,
ca. 200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005953, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0397 (EA,
HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 129, Luke 1336 (EA).
F39. Basellaceae
1 Genus, 2 Species
Basella alba L. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Moist places, ca. 136 m. Voucher: SA-
JIT–005968 (EA, HIB).
Basella paniculata Volkens Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and forest, ca. 20 m.
Vouchers: Robertson SA 5720, Adams BR 59 (EA).
F40. Begoniaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Begonia wakeeldii Gilg ex Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and bushland, ca.
136–280 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005952 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA
478, Luke WRQ 1634 (EA).
F41. Bignoniaceae
5 Genera, 5 Species
Fernandoa magnica Seem. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal thicket and woodland,
5–450 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006157, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0385 (EA,
HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 168 (EA).
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Grassland and woodland, ca.
300 m. Voucher: Jeery 111 (EA).
Markhamia zanzibarica (Bojer ex DC.) K. Schum. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal
thicket and woodland, ca. 230 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0466
(EA, HIB), Shimba Hills Survey Unit 90, Kimeu JM 536 (EA).
Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. subsp. nilotica (Seem.) Bidgood Habit: Shrub.
Habitat: Scrubland and secondary forests, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ
3089(EA).
Stereospermum kunthianum Cham. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Dry areas of deciduous
forest and woodland, ca. 20 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 642 (EA).
F42. Bixaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Bixa orellana L. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Cultivated, naturalized, ca. 30–150 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–005493 (EA, HIB), Spjut RW 2637 (EA): Naturalized.
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
52
Cochlospermum religiosum (L.) Alston Habit: Tree. Habitat: Dry forests. Voucher:
Graham RM 2334 (EA).
F43. Boraginaceae
7 Genera, 28 Species
Argusia argentea (L.f.) Heine Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Sea shore, ± sea level. Voucher:
Greenway 10442 (EA).
Cordia crenata subsp. meridionalis Warfa Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca.
60m. Voucher: airu 110 (EA).
Cordia faulknerae Verdc. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine bushland, 0–250 m.
Vouchers: SA Robertson & WRQ Luke 5732, Luke 1573 (EA).
Cordia goetzei Gürke Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal forest, rainforest, riverine forest,
and ground water forest, 5–60 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N & Ndungu K 27, RB
Faden & AJ Faden 77/657 (EA).
Cordia guineensis onn. subsp. mutica Verdc. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Limestone
outcrops, 0–10 (–50) m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006185 (EA, HIB), Mwadime N 46,
Luke Q 1413 (EA).
Cordia monoica Roxb. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Dry woodland, ca. 15 m. Voucher: Ma-
riette Steiner 290 (EA).
Cordia sinensis Lam. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Grassland and bushland, ca. 60 m. Vouch-
er: Drummond & Hemsley 4185 (EA).
Cordia somaliensis Baker Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal bushland, high-tidemark,
and coral rag, 0–15 (–150) m. Vouchers: Kirika P, Muthoka P & Mbale M 758,
Greenway & Rawlins 8904 (EA).
Cordia sp. B of FTEA Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Acacia-Combretum woodland. Vouch-
ers: Muchiri 567, Kuchar 13691 (EA).
Cordia subcordata Lam. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Shore, high-tidemark, and mangrove
swamps, 0–15 (–75) m. Vouchers: Kimeu JM 667, Gillett 20837, Verdcourt
1070(EA).
Cordia torrei E.S. Martins Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and rock outcrop, 200–420m.
Vouchers: Verdcourt 2414, Luke & Robertson 1876 (EA).
Ehretia amoena Klotzsch Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, 0–600 m. Vouchers:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0507 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ et al. 6192 (EA).
Ehretia bakeri Baker Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, bushland, 199–700 m. Vouch-
ers: SAJIT–006456, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0424 (EA, HIB), Shimba Hills
Survey Unit 84, R & L 2047, Drummond & Hemsley 4201 (EA).
Ehretia cymosa var. silvatica (Gürke) Brenan Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland,
and bushland, ca. 10 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 3073 (EA).
Euploca ovalifolia (Forsk.) Diane & Hilger Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, wood-
land, and grassland, ca. 15 m. Voucher: Luke Q 5657 (EA).
Euploca strigosa (Willd.) Diane & Hilger Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grass-
land, and along road sides, ca. 186 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006134, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0343 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 1550, Graham RM 1901 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 53
Heliotropium benadirense Chiov. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sand dunes and sandy plac-
es, 0–120 m. Voucher: Luke Q 5488 (EA).
Heliotropium gorinii Chiov. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Above high tide and roadsides,
0–15 m. Vouchers: Verdcourt 3909, Rayner 296a, Greenway 13138 (EA).
Heliotropium pectinatum Vaupel subsp. pectinatum Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland,
and Commiphora-Acacia bushland, 15–620 m. Voucher: Polhill & Paulo 593 (EA).
Heliotropium simile Vatke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and scrub, ca. 150 m.
Voucher: Mungai et al. 112 (EA).
Heliotropium sp. A of FTEA Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland with scattered Acacia,
ca. 96 m. Voucher: Gillett 16522 (EA).
Heliotropium steudneri Vatke subsp. steudneri Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and
grassland, 0–200 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0455 (EA, HIB),
Luke Q 5658 (EA).
Heliotropium zeylanicum (Burm.f.) Lam. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland or grass-
land, ca. 20 m. Voucher: Luke Q 5659 (EA).
Hilsenbergia nemoralis (Gürke) J.S. Mill. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland,
and coral, 0–600 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 1106, Magogo & Glover
727, J Adamson 289 (EA).
Hilsenbergia petiolaris (Lam.) J. S. Mill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland,
and coral, 0–30 (–660) m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005604, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0298 (EA, HIB), Bridson 129, Jeery K75, Verdcourt 1081, Festo L & Luke
Q 2561 (EA).
Hilsenbergia teitensis (Gürke) J. S. Mill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and forest,
60–850 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005422 (EA, HIB), Drummond & Hemsley 4267(EA).
Trichodesma indicum (L.) Lehm. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and coconut
plantations, 0–45 m. Voucher: Linder 2650 (EA).
Trichodesma zeylanicum (Burm. f.) R. Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 15 m.
Voucher: GW Sangai 15597 (EA).
F44. Burmanniaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Afrothismia baerae Cheek Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen coastal, 360–400 m.
Voucher: Baer S s.n. (EA): Critically Endangered, Endemic.
F45. Burseraceae
2 Genera, 13 Species
Boswellia neglecta S. Moore Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 400–620 m. Vouch-
ers: Mwadime N2, Luke WRQ 196, Robertson SA & Khayota B 6416 (EA).
Commiphora africana (A. Rich.) Engl. var. africana Habit: Tree. Habitat: Grassland
and bushland, ca. 110 m. Vouchers: Kuchar P 12902, Kibuwa SP 1224 (EA).
Commiphora africana var. glaucidula (Engl.) J. B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Habitat:
Bushed grassland, ca. 450 m. Vouchers: Rawlins SP 130, Luke WRQ 915 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
54
Commiphora africana var. oblongifoliolata (Engl.) J. B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Habi-
tat: Bushed grassland, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 20354, Cunningham van
Someren GR Sh 82, Kibuwa SP 19845 (EA).
Commiphora campestris subsp. glabrata (Engl.) J. B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Habitat:
Bushland, 10–200 m. Voucher: Faden 77/476 (EA).
Commiphora edulis subsp. boiviniana (Engl.) J. B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Habitat:
Bushland and thickets dominated by Sapotaceae, ca. 70 m. Vouchers: van Someren
VGL Sh 61, Robertson SA 4083 (EA).
Commiphora eminii subsp. zimmermannii (Engl.) J. B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Hab-
itat: Forest, 5–110 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 212, RB & AJ
Faden77/650 (EA).
Commiphora erosa Vollesen Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, 90–400 m. Voucher:
Robertson SA 1849 (EA).
Commiphora kua (R. Br. ex Royle) Vollesen Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal thicket,
2–360 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006237 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA 4082, Polhill R &
Paulo S 495 (EA).
Commiphora obovata Chiov. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal bushland, 50–100 m.
Vouchers: Gillett JB 20353, Mahasi AS in EAH 14890 (EA): Near reatened.
Commiphora pseudopaolii J. B. Gillett Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, 60–600 m.
Vouchers: Gillett 16374, Verdcourt & Polhill 2709 (EA): Near reatened.
Commiphora pteleifolia Engl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal thicket, ca. 10m. Vouch-
ers: Luke Q 1477, RB Faden, AJ Faden, JB Gillett & N Gachathi 77/475(EA).
Commiphora sennii Chiov. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 200 m. Voucher:
Gillet & Gachathi 20535 (EA).
Commiphora unilobata J. B. Gillett & Vollesen Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland,
ca. 70 m. Vouchers: Gillett 21108 & 21109 (EA).
Commiphora zanzibarica (Baill.) Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal thickets and
coral, 2–510 m. Vouchers: Willan 341, RB & SA Faden 77/650, SA Robertson
3663 (EA).
F46. Buxaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Buxus obtusifolia (Mildbr.) Hutch. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 280–450 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–005537, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0496 (EA, HIB), Mu-
tanga JG & Kamau 6, Hawthorne W 139 (EA): Vulnerable.
F47. Cactaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Opuntia cus-indica (L.) Mill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry arid areas, 0–300 m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA sr: Cultivated.
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 55
Rhipsalis baccifera (Sol.) Stearn Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Wet forests and
riverine forest, ca. 145 m. Vouchers: Faden RB & Beentje HJ 85/47, Magogo FC
& Glover PE 633 (EA).
F48. Calophyllaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Calophyllum inophyllum L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Rocky and sandy seashores,
0–20m. Voucher: Robertson SA 4926 (EA).
F49. Campanulaceae
2 Genera, 4 Species
Lobelia fervens unb. subsp. fervens Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest mar-
gins, roadsides, streamside or on coastal sand, ca. 136 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005960
& 005945 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 734, Polhill & Paulo 488 (EA).
Lobelia fervens subsp. recurvata (E. Wimm.) ulin Habit: Herb. Habitat: On
moist ground in grassland or woodland, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N & Luke
WRQ 784 & 419 (EA).
Wahlenbergia abyssinica (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) ulin subsp. abyssinica Habit:
Herb. Habitat: Cultivated or waste ground, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC &
Glover PE 121, ulin M 300 (EA).
Wahlenbergia napiformis (A. DC.) ulin Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grass-
land, and roadsides, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2823,
ulin M 298 (EA).
F50. Canellaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Warburgia stuhlmannii Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest and woodland, 20–225m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ 15340, Graham 2208 (EA): Vulnerable.
F51. Cannabaceae
2 Genera, 3 Species
Celtis mildbraedii Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, ca. 160–300 m.
Vouchers: Mwadime N 2, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2810, RB Faden & AJ
Faden 77/678, RB Faden, AJ Faden & N Gachathi 77/526 (EA).
Celtis philippensis Blanco Habit: Tree. Habitat: Lowland, groundwater, and river-
ine forest, ca. 30–207 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006021 (EA, HIB), Mwadime N 30,
Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 504, omas Mwadime in Mrs Robertson SA 7807,
Drummond & Hemsley 4014, Verdcourt 2405 (EA).
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56
Trema orientalis (L.) Blume Habit: Tree. Habitat: Margins of lowland and upland
rainforest, ca. 280 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005457 (EA, HIB), Jeery 193 (EA).
F52. Capparaceae
7 Genera, 37 Species
Boscia angustifolia A. Rich. var. angustifolia Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland and
bushland, ca. 200 m. Voucher: Robertson SA & Luke Q 4721 (EA).
Boscia coriacea Pax Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland and grassland, ca. 150 m. Vouch-
ers: Kuchar P 13709, Drummond RB 4093, Graham RM 1586 (EA).
Boscia keniensis Beentje Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 100–350 m. Vouchers:
Bally 2024, Robertson SA 319 (EA).
Boscia mossambicensis Klotzsch Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, and
thicket, ca. 630 m. Voucher: Luke PA WRQ 4400 (EA).
Boscia salicifolia Oliv. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, bamboo thicket,
and grassland, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Burstyne P 70, Bally J 13944 (EA).
Cadaba carneoviridis Gilg & Gilg-Ben. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and grass-
land, 30–600 m. Vouchers: Gilbert MG 5862, Robertson SA 2086 (EA).
Cadaba farinosa Forssk. subsp. farinosa Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and grass-
land, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Greenway PJ 9440, Moomaw JC 1578 (EA).
Cadaba farinosa subsp. adenotricha (Gilg & Gilg-Ben.) R. A. Graham Habit:
Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and grassland, 0–400 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al.
5411, Rayner RW 163 (EA).
Cadaba gillettii R.A. Graham Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 100–750 m. Vouch-
er: Mrs J Adamson 103 (EA).
Cadaba glandulosa Forssk. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and grassland, ca.
600m. Voucher: Greenway 8866 (EA).
Cadaba rotundifolia Forssk. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 0–400 m. Voucher:
SAJIT–005425 (EA, HIB).
Cadaba ruspolii Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and woodland, ca. 180 m.
Voucher: Bally 2010 (EA).
Capparis erythrocarpos var. rosea (Klotzsch) De Wolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat:
Woodland and bushland, 0–400 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006432, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0497 (EA, HIB), Greenway PJ & Rawlins SP 9353 (EA).
Capparis fascicularis DC. var. fascicularis Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and
grassland, 600 m. Voucher: Battiscombe 800 (EA).
Capparis fascicularis var. scheeri (Gilg & Benedict) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habi-
tat: Forest and bushland, ca. 0–400 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0445 (EA, HIB), Sangai GW 15690, Luke WRQ 3475 (EA).
Capparis sepiaria var. scheri (Pax) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and
grassland, 180 m. Voucher: Battiscombe 269 (EA).
Capparis sepiaria var. stuhlmannii (Gilg) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wood-
land, bushland, and riverine forest, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Rawlins SP 168, Magogo
FC & Glover PE 684 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 57
Capparis sepiaria var. subglabra (Oliv.) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland,
0–200 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1441, Mrs. J Adamson 299 RM in FD 1612, Bally
1991 (EA).
Capparis spinosa var. aegyptia (Lam.) Boiss. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland and
coral outcrops, 0–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005575 (EA, HIB), Taiti S 19 (EA).
Capparis tomentosa Lam. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, and riverine,
0–200 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0190 (EA, HIB), Kuchar P
12903, Sangai GW EA 15762 (EA).
Capparis viminea Hook. f. & omson ex Oliv. var. viminea Habit: Shrub. Habi-
tat: Forest, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Luke & Robertson 1562 (EA).
Cladostemon kirkii (Oliv.) Pax & Gilg Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest or thicket,
0–800m. Vouchers: Festo L & Luke Q 2562, Dale IR 3795 (EA).
Maerua angolensis DC. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, and grassland,
0–300 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 7763 & 5075, Drummond & Hemsley
4218(EA).
Maerua calantha Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, riverine, and, woodland,
45–460 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 20401, F omas 65 (EA).
Maerua crassifolia Forssk. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland or semi-desert scrub, ca.
180 m. Voucher: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5585 (EA).
Maerua decumbens (Brongn.) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 50 m.
Voucher: Robertson SA 7635 (EA).
Maerua denhardtiorum Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 90–780 m. Voucher:
Sampson 1(EA).
Maerua endlichii Gilg & Gilg-Ben. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 23 m.
Voucher: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0456 (EA, HIB).
Maerua glauca Chiov. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and thicket, below 100 m.
Vouchers: Luke Q & Robertson 2148, Greenway 8964 (EA).
Maerua grantii Oliv. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, and grassland, ca.
50 m. Voucher: Rawlins SP 452 (EA).
Maerua holstii Pax Habit: Liana. Habitat: Lowland rainforest and woodland, 30–
450 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0486 (EA, HIB), Gillett JB
20387 (EA).
Maerua kaessneri Gilg & Gilg-Ben. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 150–350 m.
Voucher: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5685 (EA).
Maerua kirkii (Oliv.) F. White Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, and riv-
erine forest, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 183, Luke WRQ
3330 (EA).
Maerua macrantha Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland and bushland, 30–50 m.
Vouchers: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2709, Rawlins 395, Bally 2155, Drummond &
Hemsley 4038 (EA).
Maerua mungaii Beentje Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, 100–150 m. Voucher:
Parker I 513/H (EA): Endemic.
Maerua sessiliora Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Deciduous bushland, semi-desert
scrub, 300–750 m. Voucher: Bally 2187 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
58
Maerua triphylla A. Rich. var. triphylla Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, ca. 181 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0223 (EA, HIB).
Maerua triphylla var. calophylla (Gilg) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland,
grassland, and riverine, ca. 60–200 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0412 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5575 (EA).
Maerua triphylla var. johannis (Volkens & Gilg) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habi-
tat: Bushland and grassland, ca. 200 m. Vouchers: Bally 14389, Drummond
3868(EA).
Maerua triphylla var. pubescens (Klotzsch) DeWolf Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Rainfor-
est, bushland, and grassland, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: Adamson J 6138, Roberson SA
4256(EA).
Ritchiea capparoides (Andrews) Britten Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest and bushland,
0–300 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0379 (EA, HIB), Hooper SS
& Townsend CC 1214 (EA).
ilachium africanum Lour. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, and grass-
land, 25–300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 5696, Graham MD 1536 (EA).
ilachium roseomaculatum Y.B. Harv. & Vollesen Habit: Herb. Habitat: Denser
forest parts, 50–150 m. Vouchers: Harvey, Mwachala & Vollesen 49, Robertson &
Luke 6251, Luke 3454 & 3472 (EA): Endemic.
ilachium thomasii Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland and bushland, ca. 50 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–004646 (EA, HIB), Rawlins SP 133 & 9426, Drummond &
Hemsley 4052 (EA).
F53. Cardiopteridaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Leptaulus holstii (Engl.) Engl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland rainforests, ca. 289 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V032 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 1852(EA).
F54. Caryophyllaceae
1 Genus, 5 Species
Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside and grassland, ca.
30 m. Voucher: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2653 (EA).
Polycarpaea eriantha Hochst. ex A. Rich. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ca.
480m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Estes R 1246 (EA).
Polycarpaea grahamii Turrill Habit: Herb. Habitat: Near the shore. Voucher: Gra-
ham MD 1617 (EA): Endemic.
Polycarpaea spicata Wight ex Arn. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 0–500 m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ 5460 (EA).
Polycarpaea tenuistyla Turrill Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 25 m. Voucher:
Musyoki BM & Hansen OJ 982 (EA): Endemic.
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 59
F55. Casuarinaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Casuarina equisetifolia L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal bushland and seashore, ca.
2 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006252 (EA, HIB), Greenway 9619, MacNaughton159,
Whellan 1851 (EA): Naturalized.
F56. Celastraceae
12 Genera, 29 Species
Apodostigma pallens (Planch. ex Oliv.) R. Wilczek var. pallens Habit: Liana.
Habitat: Forest, woodland, and riverine, ca. 0–239 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V078 & V0306 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 969, Luke
WRQ 3601 (EA).
Apodostigma pallens var. dummeri N. Hallé Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, ca. 20 m.
Vouchers: Mwadime N 18, Luke WRQ 16135 (EA).
Elachyptera holtzii (Loes. ex Harms) R. Wilczek Habit: Liana. Habitat: Evergreen
forest to semi-evergreen forest, 120–460 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 3601 (EA).
Elachyptera parvifolia (Oliv.) N. Hallé Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, woodland,
ca. 30 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005527 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2696 (EA).
Elaeodendron schlechterianum (Loes.) Loes. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland and
forest, 0–410 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0303 (EA, HIB), Luke
Q 1265, van Someren VGL Sh103 (EA).
Elaeodendron schweinfurthianum (Loes.) Loes. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal
bushland and forest, 0–30 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 1133 (EA).
Gymnosporia buchananii Loes. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 60–400 m. Vouchers:
Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 500, Magogo FC & Glover PE 267 (EA).
Gymnosporia gracilis Loes. subsp. gracilis Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen forest
margins and thicket, 0–500 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005464 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC &
Glover PE 289, Adamson J 5834, Spjut 4550, Brenan, Gillett & Kanuri 14675 (EA).
Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest mar-
gins and woodland thicket, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1546, Graham RM FD
Ox352 (EA).
Gymnosporia masindei (Gereau) Jordaan Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 30–
245m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2498 (EA).
Gymnosporia putterlickioides Loes. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland and riverine, ca.
30 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1430, Festo, L & Luke Q 2600, Polhill & Paulo 873 (EA).
Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, grass-
land, and riverine, ca. 45 m. Voucher: Nash LT 40 (EA).
Loeseneriella africana var. richardiana (Cambess.) R. Wilczek ex N. Hallé Habit:
Liana. Habitat: Riverine forest and thickets, ca. 372 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006159
(EA, HIB), Mwadime N et al. 615, Luke WRQ 1392 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
60
Loeseneriella crenata (Klotzsch) R. Wilczek ex N. Hallé var. crenata Habit: Liana.
Habitat: Forest, bushland, 0–80 m. Voucher: Luke Q 1419 (EA).
Maytenus undata (unb.) Blakelock Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine, and
woodland, 0–407 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006054 & 005549, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0525 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & PA 6255 (EA).
Mystroxylon aethiopicum (unb.) Loes. subsp. aethiopicum Habit: Tree. Habitat:
Coastal woodland, 0–250 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005901, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0128 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 507 (EA).
Pleurostylia africana Loes. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland and forest, 0–500 m.
Vouchers: Luke Q 1429, RB Faden & AJ Faden 77/707 (EA).
Pristimera andongensis var. volkensii (Loes.) N. Hallé & B. Mathew Habit: Liana.
Habitat: Bushland and woodland, ± 100 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 19, Gray M
& Luke WRQ 302 (EA).
Pristimera longipetiolata (Oliv.) N. Hallé Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest margins,
0–15 m. Voucher: RB & AJ Faden 74/1148 (EA).
Salacia elegans Welw. ex Oliv. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and woodland, 0–250m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–005990 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 1448, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA
2739 (EA).
Salacia erecta (G. Don) Walp. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Evergreen forest, ca. 50 m.
Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 521 (EA).
Salacia lehmbachii Loes. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, ca. 45 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–005554 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ et al. 4725 (EA).
Salacia leptoclada Tul. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, ca. 70 m. Vouchers: Luke Q
1502, Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6024 (EA).
Salacia madagascariensis (Lam.) DC. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and woodland,
0–600 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0140, SAJIT–006176 (EA,
HIB), Luke Q 43 (EA).
Salacia sp. cf. erecta (G. Don) Walp. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: Birch
62/222 (EA).
Salacia stuhlmanniana Loes. Habit: Habitat: Forest, riverine, bushland, and wood-
land, 0–36 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006175 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA 5470 (EA).
Simicratea welwitschii (Oliv.) N. Hallé Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, ca. 210 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0377 (EA, HIB), Mwadime N 20, Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 2819 (EA).
Simirestis goetzei (Loes.) N. Hallé ex R. Wilczek Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, ca.
90 m. Voucher: Kimeu JM 689 (EA).
Simirestis scheeri (Loes.) N. Hallé Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, ca. 100 m. Vouch-
er: Moggridge 519 (EA).
F57. Ceratophyllaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Ceratophyllum demersum L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Water bodies, lakes, rivers, and
swamps, ca. 0–15 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006227 (EA, HIB), Rawlins SP 428 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 61
F58. Chrysobalanaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Dactyladenia barteri (Hook. f. ex Oliv.) Prance & F. White Habit: Tree. Habi-
tat: Forest, ca. 410 m. Voucher: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0304 (EA,
HIB):Cultivated.
Hirtella zanzibarica Oliv. subsp. zanzibarica Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, ca.
407m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006030, 005517 & 006063, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
M V0250 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 239 (EA).
F59. Cleomaceae
4 Genera, 9 Species
Cleome gynandra L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste, disturbed or cultivated ground, ca.
20 m. Voucher: Jeery K206 (EA).
Coalisina tenella (L. f.) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat: Hyphaene grass-
land, ca. 5–360 m. Voucher: Jeery K206 (EA).
Sieruela allamani (Chiov.) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland,
semi-desert scrub, 150–175 m. Vouchers: Mrs J Adamson 616, Gillett 19508 (EA).
Sieruela briquetii (Polhill) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland
and roadside, ca. 0–210 m. Vouchers: Simpson BL 361, Magogo FC & Glover PE
512 & 1205 (EA).
Sieruela hirta (Klotzsch) Roalson & J. C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and
grassland, ca. 175 m. Voucher: Festo L & Luke Q 2705 (EA).
Sieruela parvipetala (R.A. Graham) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Acacia-Commiphora-Lannea-Boswellia bushland 120–420 m. Vouchers: Mungai
GM & Rucina SM 416/84, JB Gillett 16400, J Makin 14472 (EA).
Sieruela strigosa (Bojer) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sandy sea-
shores, ± 0 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006262 (EA, HIB), Greenway PJ & Rawlins SP
9422 (EA).
Sieruela usambarica (Pax ex Engl.) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Rainforest and bushland, ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Simpson BL 156, Robertson SA &
Luke WRQ 6020 (EA).
Stylidocleome brachycarpa (Vahl ex DC.) Roalson & J.C. Hall Habit: Herb. Habi-
tat: Acacia-Commiphora bushland. Vouchers: Lucas 34, JB Gillett 21126/B (EA).
F60. Clusiaceae
1 Genus, 3 Species
Garcinia buchananii Baker Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen forest, often riverine,
and thickets, ca. 85 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0485 (EA, HIB),
Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1642 & 1899 (EA).
Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, thicket, and
grassland, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006092 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA 4314 (EA).
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62
Garcinia volkensii Engl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen forest, ca. 210 m. Vouch-
ers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0390 (EA, HIB), Luke Q & Robertson 2655,
Luke WRQ 3973 (EA).
F61. Colchicaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
Gloriosa superba L. var. superba Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margin and coast-
al bushland, ca. 290 m Vouchers: SAJIT–006261 & 005544, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0287 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 973 (EA).
Iphigenia oliveri Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and bushland, ca. 0–30 m.
Vouchers: Adams 12, Luke et al. 5925, Luke & Luke 4379 (EA).
F62. Combretaceae
5 Genera, 31 Species
Combretum aculeatum Vent. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, woodland, and riv-
erine, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 460, 489 & 656, Luke WRQ 121 (EA).
Combretum apiculatum Sond. subsp. apiculatum Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland,
ca. 150 m. Vouchers: Msari F & Mwendwa H 441, Luke WRQ 3471 (EA).
Combretum butyrosum (G. Bertol.) Tul. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine forest, 50–
450 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0453 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke
Q & P 2755 (EA).
Combretum chionanthoides Engl. & Diels Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest margin,
50–170 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0413 (EA, HIB), Brenan
JPM & JH Gillet JB 14657 (EA).
Combretum constrictum (Benth.) M. A. Lawson Habit: Climber. Habitat: Swamps
and riverine forest, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: RM Graham in FD 2243, Festo 2419 (EA).
Combretum contractum Engl. & Diels Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, 150–396
m. Vouchers: Graham RM 2047, Bally 8162, Dale 2049 (EA).
Combretum exalatum Engl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 300 m. Vouchers:
Festo L, Luke Q & P 2789, Robertson SA 6396 (EA).
Combretum falcatum (Welw. ex Hiern) Jongkind Habit: Liana. Habitat: Bushland
and forest margins, 0–70 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0530 &
V0436 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 894 (EA).
Combretum hereroense Schinz subsp. hereroense Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland
and bushland, ca. 70 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0448 (EA,
HIB), Dale in FD 3666, Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5715 (EA).
Combretum hereroense subsp. volkensii (Engl.) Wickens Habit: Shrub. Habitat:
Grassland or bushland, 50–500 m. Vouchers: Power 10994, Hildebrandt 2337,
Luke 916 (EA).
Combretum holstii Engl. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Woodland and riverine forest, ca.
0–300 m. Voucher: Robertson SA 5084 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 63
Combretum illairii Engl. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, woodland, and bushland,
30–800 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–004665 & 005569, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0228 (EA, HIB), Kuchar P 13482 (EA).
Combretum molle R.Br. ex G. Don Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 30–340
m. Vouchers: Spjut RW 3809, Shimba Hills Survey Unit 30, Drummond RB &
Hemsley JH 4101 (EA).
Combretum padoides Engl. & Diels Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine forest, swamp for-
est, 0–280 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006070, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0324 (EA,
HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5647, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2718 (EA).
Combretum paniculatum Vent. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest, woodland, and river-
ine forest, 10–156 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0429 (EA, HIB),
Graham RM 1694, Rawlins SP 253 (EA).
Combretum pentagonum M.A. Lawson Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and thicket,
20–153 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0505 (EA, HIB), Robertson
SA & Luke WRQ 4516 (EA).
Combretum schumannii Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, and
woodland, 0–140 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0538 (EA, HIB),
Kuchar P 13548 (EA).
Combretum tenuipetiolatum Wickens Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal forest, ca.
100m. Voucher: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 2289 (EA): Critically Endangered.
Combretum umbricola Engl. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine forest and coastal
woodland, ca. 280 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2717 (EA).
Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. & Diels Habit: Tree. Habitat: Semi-desert coastal zone,
10–570 m. Voucher: Gillett JB 20314 (EA): Near reatened, Cultivated.
Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Mangrove swamps, 0–30 m.
Vouchers: Mrs Robertson SA 7747, Luke Q 5649, Brathay 1982 Expedition
55(EA).
Pteleopsis myrtifolia (M.A. Lawson) Engl. & Diels Habit: Tree. Habitat: River-
ine, forest, woodland, bushland, and grassland, 0–150 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau
V & Mwadime N V0530 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2822, Faden
70/256 (EA).
Pteleopsis tetraptera Wickens Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, and
forest, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 5531, Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 2796 (EA).
Terminalia boivinii Tul. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland and forest, 0–30 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–005585 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2699, Moomaw 1602,
Donald 96 in FD 2496 (EA).
Terminalia brevipes Pamp. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Riverine forest and bushland, 20–
280 m. Vouchers: Brathay Expedition 46, Tweedie 1866 (EA).
Terminalia catappa L. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Sandy or rocky beaches, ca. 5 m. Vouch-
ers: Ndakala J 407, Faden RB & Faden AJ 77/390 (EA): Naturalized.
Terminalia parvula Pamp. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 60 m. Voucher: Bally
16708 (EA).
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64
Terminalia prunioides M.A. Lawson Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland and riverine
thicket, 30–360 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0453 (EA, HIB),
Rawlins SP 335, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2113 (EA).
Terminalia sambesiaca Engl. & Diels Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest,
and woodland, 70–830 m. Vouchers: Mohamed Abdulla 1159, Verdcourt 3934,
Dale in FD 3660 (EA).
Terminalia sp. a. spinosa Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: Luke et al.
TPR766 (EA).
Terminalia spinosa Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Bushland, woodland, and grassland,
0–330 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006440 (EA, HIB), Rawlins SP 246, Beentje HJ
2275(EA).
F63. Commelinaceae
5 Genera, 31 Species
Aneilema aequinoctiale (P. Beauv.) Loudon Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist or dry ev-
ergreen forests, 0–150 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5156, RB Faden
& AJ Faden 290 & 1270, Polhill & Paulo 825 (EA).
Aneilema calceolus Brenan Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, 10–450 m.
Vouchers: Faden & Faden 77/378, 74/1069 & 77/565 (EA).
Aneilema clarkei Rendle Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, woodland, and
thicket, 0–250 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 1457, Faden & Evans 71/714, Faden &
Faden 77/714 (EA).
Aneilema hockii De Wild. subsp. hockii Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, woodland,
and grassland, 15–160 m. Vouchers: Luke & Robertson 2565, Faden & Faden
74/1065 (EA).
Aneilema indehiscens Faden subsp. indehiscens Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland and
thicket, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: Faden & Faden 74/380 & 74/1184 (EA).
Aneilema lamuense Faden Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sand dunes, 0–50 m. Voucher:
Faden & Faden 74/1083 (EA).
Aneilema nyasense C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, swamp, riverine, and
bushland, 50–300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al. 3379 & 4735 (EA).
Aneilema petersii (Hassk.) C.B. Clarke subsp. petersii Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grass-
land, bushland, wooded grassland, and woodland, 0–500 m. Vouchers: Luke
WRQ 3470, Q Luke & SA Robertson 2495, SA Robertson & Q Luke 6320 (EA).
Aneilema succulentum Faden Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, forest, and woodland,
10–600 m. Vouchers: Faden et al. 72/39, Faden & Faden 74/1152 (EA): Endemic.
Aneilema tanaense Faden Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 10–250 m. Vouchers:
Faden & Faden 77/582, 77/ 738 & 74/1185 (EA): Endemic.
Aneilema taylorii C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine forest, 30–400 m.
Vouchers: Verdcourt 2410 & 1921, Faden & Faden 77/611 (EA).
Coleotrype bruechneriana Mildbr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and riverine, ca.
150–320 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 8193, Brenan et al. 14587, Luke &
Luke 8193 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 65
Commelina africana subsp. zanzibarica Faden Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, riv-
erine, and grassland, 0–250 m. Vouchers: Faden & Faden 74/1123, Greenway &
Rawlins 9343 (EA).
Commelina benghalensis L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Palm forest, 0–400 m. Vouchers:
Graham RM 2005, Meester-Manger Cats V de 38, Robertson SA 5221 (EA).
Commelina bracteosa Hassk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, grassland,
bushland, and cultivated lands, 45–305 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0290 & 084 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 1456, Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5984 (EA).
Commelina erecta L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and riverine forest, 0–550 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V055 &0338 (EA, HIB), Robertson
7386, Faden & Faden 74/1068 (EA).
Commelina forskaolii Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, wood-
land, forest, cultivated lands, and riverine, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Faden & Faden
74/1249(EA).
Commelina livingstonii C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland,
and bushland, ca. 100 m. Voucher: Faden & Faden 74/1189 (EA).
Commelina lukei Faden Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bushland, grassland, and road-
side, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: Verdcourt 1056 & 1851, SA Robertson 7377, Q Luke &
et al. 7080 (EA).
Commelina mascarenica C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, grassland,
and open bushland, ca. 230 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0230
(EA, HIB), Rayner 294 (EA).
Commelina petersii Hassk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 297 m. Voucher:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V075 (EA, HIB).
Commelina sp. a. bracteosa Hassk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: R & L
6018 (EA).
Commelina sp. a. erecta L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: K et al.
TPR638(EA).
Commelina zambesica C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, and
forest, ca. 186 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0339 (EA, HIB), Ma-
gogo & Glover 70/562 (EA).
Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D. Don ex Sweet Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland
and water bodies, 5–300 m. Voucher: Faden & Faden 74/1211 (EA).
Cyanotis foecunda DC. ex Hassk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, bushland, thick-
ets, and grassland, ca. 230 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6151, Luke
Q & SA Robertson 2523 (EA).
Cyanotis lanata Benth. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and woodland,
ca. 50 m. Voucher: Polhill R & Paulo S 787 (EA).
Cyanotis repens Faden & D. M. Cameron subsp. repens Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry
or moist forest, ca. 250 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6017, Luke Q
1455, Faden & Faden 74/1174, Adams 98 (EA).
Cyanotis sp. 1 Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: Rawlins 455 (EA).
Murdannia blumei (Hassk.) Brenan Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, ± 10 m. Vouch-
ers: Greenway PJ & Rawlins 9374, Luke Q 5684 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
66
Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, and
woodland, forest, ca. 239 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005993 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC
& Glover PE 366 (EA).
F64. Connaraceae
4 Genera, 6 Species
Agelaea pentagyna (Lam.) Baill. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Riverine forest, coastal forest,
and woodland, 0–150 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 902 (EA).
Connarus longistipitatus Gilg Habit: Liana. Habitat: Woodland, ca. 300 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2728, Graham Q 290 in FD 1695 (EA).
Ellipanthus madagascariensis (G. Schellenb.) Capuron ex Keraudren Habit: Tree.
Habitat: Forest, 0–100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005929 & 005513 (EA, HIB), Faden
RB & Faden AJ 77/570, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 216 (EA): Near reatened.
Rourea coccinea subsp. boiviniana (Baill.) Jongkind Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal
forest, bushland, riverine, and woodland, 0–750 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0492 (EA, HIB), Kuchar P 13484, Luke WRQ 3128 (EA).
Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Alston Habit: Liana. Habitat: Woodland, riverine, and
forest, ca. 250 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2722, Drummond &
Hemsley 4034A (EA).
Rourea orientalis Baill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland, and bushland,
ca. 156 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005478, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0432 (EA,
HIB), Luke Q 1506, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 514 (EA).
F65. Convolvulaceae
14 Genera, 44 Species
Astripomoea hyoscyamoides (Vatke) Verdc. var. hyoscyamoides Habit: Herb. Habi-
tat: Grassland, bushland, roadside, and cultivated area, ca. 50–100 m. Vouchers:
Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6197, Jerey 8, Fukuoka N 276 (EA).
Astripomoea malvacea (Klotzsch) A. Meeuse var. malvacea Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Woodland and grassland, 60 m. Voucher: Kassner 437 (EA).
Convolvulus jeeryi Verdc. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland, forest, and sand
dunes, 0–150 m. Vouchers: Luke Q 5447, Jeery 321, Irwin 271 (EA).
Cressa cretica L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal dunes or sandy places, ± 0 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke Q 5474, Rawlins 182 & 391 (EA).
Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, roadside,
and cultivated area, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 817, Bat-
tiscombe 774 (EA).
Hewittia malabarica (L.) Suresh Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, for-
est edges, and waste places, ca. 0–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006205, Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0286 & 0396 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 73 (EA).
Ipomoea albivenia (Lindl.) Sweet Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal bushland, 50–
200 m. Voucher: Wakeeld (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 67
Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Green-
way & Rawlins 9450 (EA).
Ipomoea barteri A. Chev. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and woodland, 0–200 m.
Voucher: Whyte (EA).
Ipomoea bullata Oliv. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 280 m. Voucher: Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 2212 (EA).
Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet Habit: Climber. Habitat: Seashores, forest clearings, and
grassland, ca. 15 m. Voucher: Simpson BL 118 (EA).
Ipomoea coptica (L.) Roth ex Roem. & Schult. var. coptica Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Grassland, woodland, roadside, and cultivated area, ca. 190 m. Vouchers: Drum-
mond & Hemsley 4239, Rawlins 826 (EA).
Ipomoea coptica var. acuta Choisy. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Cultivated area,
0–10m. Voucher: Festo L & Luke Q 2583 (EA).
Ipomoea eriocarpa R.Br. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland and cultivated ground,
ca. 0–150 m. Vouchers: Festo L & Luke Q 2468, Magogo FC & Glover PE
1059(EA).
Ipomoea cifolia Lindl. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and cultivated ground,
20–390 m. Vouchers: Herbarium Techn. Course II 054, Irwin 277, Festo L &
Luke Q 2527 (EA).
Ipomoea garckeana Vatke Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and cultivated ground,
30–350 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4083, Jeery 544 (EA, HIB).
Ipomoea hildebrandtii Vatke subsp. orientalis Verdc. Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Grassland or bushland, ca. 304 m. Vouchers: Bally PRO 16798, Irwin 156 (EA).
Ipomoea irwiniae Verdc. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and grassland, 0–500 m.
Vouchers: Irwin PH 276, Luke WRQ & PA 5688, Jeery 49 (EA).
Ipomoea kotschyana Hochst. ex Choisy Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ± 0 m.
Vouchers: Tweedie 1057 & 1874, Irwin 273 (EA).
Ipomoea marginata (Desr.) Verdc. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Swampy, wooded grass-
land, and woodland, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 999, Festo L
& Luke Q 2360 (EA).
Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Rainforest, riverine, and bushland,
ca. 65 m. Vouchers: Irwin 440, Mwadime N & Chesire 236 (EA).
Ipomoea mombassana Vatke subsp. mombassana Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bush-
land and woodland, ca. 0–304 m. Vouchers: Kuchar P 11819, Irwin PH 164 &
280 (EA).
Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, and
woodland, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: Gray M & Luke WRQ 292, Festo 2647 9 (EA).
Ipomoea ochracea (Lindl.) G. Don Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, ca. 60–365 m.
Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4079, Polhill R & Paulo S 917 (EA).
Ipomoea pes-caprae subsp. brasiliensis (L.) Ooststr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sandy
shores, and roadside, 0–750 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006251 (EA, HIB), Verdcourt
1175, Kirika P, Muthoka P & Mbale M 761 (EA).
Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland and thickets, 0–183 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0193 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 5632 (EA).
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68
Ipomoea pileata Roxb. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Rainforest, bushland, and grassland,
ca. 75 m. Vouchers: Graham 1963, Jeery 270 (EA).
Ipomoea shupangensis Baker Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, bushland, and coral,
ca. 20 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 43, Pakia M et al. 986, Luke WRQ 10704 (EA).
Ipomoea ticcopa Verdc. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 0–25 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–006245 (EA, HIB), Tweedie 982 (EA).
Ipomoea urbaniana (Dammer) Hallier f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, grassland,
ca. 10 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 4208, Irwin 394, Luke 3078 (EA).
Ipomoea wightii var. kilimandschari (Dammer) Verdc. Habit: Climber. Habitat:
Open forest and scrub, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Graham RM 509 (EA).
Ipomoea violacea L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland or coral, ± 0 m. Vouchers: Jef-
fery 381, Bally 1894, Irwin 260 (EA).
Jacquemontia ovalifolia (Choisy) Hallier f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Sandy beaches,
10–750 m. Vouchers: Kirika P, Muthoka P & Mbale M 756, Festo 2447, Hooper
& Townsend 1194 (EA).
Jacquemontia paniculata (Burm. f.) Hallier f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland,
0–360 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0231 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC
& Glover PE 1048 (EA).
Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland and culti-
vated place, ca. 272 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0272 (EA, HIB),
Magogo FC & Glover PE 861 (EA).
Merremia ampelophylla Hallier f. var. ampelophylla Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland
or roadside, ca. 20 m. Vouchers: C van Someren in EAH 10560, Festo 2645(EA).
Merremia semisagitta (Peter) Dandy Habit: Herb. Habitat: Not known, ca. 20m.
Voucher: Gregory (EA).
Merremia sp. C of FTEA Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, ca. 90 m. Voucher: Raw-
lins 864 (EA): Endemic.
Metaporana densiora (Hallier f.) N. E. Br. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest edge,
50–250 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0562 (EA, HIB), Mwadime
N 24, Drummond & Hemsley 4245 (EA).
Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy, ca. 100 m.
Voucher: Rawlins 188 (EA).
Seddera hirsuta Hallier f. var. hirsuta Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 90–460 m.
Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 4069 (EA).
Seddera suruticosa (Schinz) Hallier f. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 0–250 m.
Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 3768 (EA).
Stictocardia incompta (Hallier f.) Hallier f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Mangrove for-
est, bushland, 0–800 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 1322 (EA).
Stictocardia macalusoi (Mattei) Verdc. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Sand dunes and sea
shore, ± 0 m. Voucher: Luke Q 5482 (EA).
Xenostegia tridentata (L.) D. F. Austin & Staples Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grass-
land, wooded and grassland, 30–213 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0330 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 151, Robertson SA 4225 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 69
F66. Costaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Costus afer Ker Gawl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forests at forest edges, 160–210m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0375 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover
PE 563, Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1200 (EA).
F67. Crassulaceae
1 Genus, 7 Species
Kalanchoe ballyi Raym.-Hamet ex Cufod. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal woodland,
ca. 85 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0414 (EA, HIB), Robertson
SA & Luke WRQ 5139 (EA): Endemic.
Kalanchoe fadeniorum Raadts Habit: Herb. Habitat: Semi-evergreen thicket on
sandy soils, ca. 360 m. Voucher: RB & AJ Faden 77/777 (EA): Extinct in the
wild,Endemic.
Kalanchoe glaucescens Britten Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, and forest,
ca. 550 m. Voucher: Reitsma J 508 (EA).
Kalanchoe nyikae Engl. subsp. nyikae Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 304 m.
Vouchers: Jeery GW 248, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2223 (EA).
Kalanchoe lateritia Engl. var. lateritia Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland and low-
land forest, 1–200 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 6488, 6002 &
4925, Drummond & Hemsley 3790 (EA).
Kalanchoe obtusa Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen to semi-deciduous forest,
1–450 m. Voucher: Robertson SA 5442 (EA).
Kalanchoe rotundifolia (Haw.) Haw. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 500–700 m.
Voucher: Rauh W 860 (EA).
F68. Cucurbitaceae
18 Genera, 48 Species
Cephalopentandra ecirrhosa (Cogn.) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous
woodland and bushland, ca. 45 m. Voucher: Bally PRO 2057 (EA).
Citrullus lanatus (unb.) Matsum. & Nakai Habit: Climber. Habitat: Grassland
and bushland ca. 50 m. Vouchers: Jeery GW 135, Drummond & Hemsley 44
(EA): Cultivated.
Coccinia grandiora Cogn. ex Engl. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland and upland
rainforest, 100–269 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V003 (EA, HIB),
Kimeu JM 522, Drummond & Hemsley 3874 (EA).
Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bushland and wood-
land, 0–199 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006116 & 006222, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0427 (EA, HIB), Festo L, Luke Q & P 2800, Drummond & Hemsley
3901(EA).
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70
Coccinia microphylla Gilg Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, ca. 180 m.
Vouchers: Milne-Redhead E & Taylor P 7104, Drummond & Hemsley 4087 &
4040 (EA).
Coccinia pwaniensis Holstein Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, 80–
300m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 1078 & 3953, Saunders, FC Magogo
& P Glover 493 (EA).
Coccinia trilobata (Cogn.) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Wooded grassland
and deciduous bushland, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Simpson BL 383 (EA).
Corallocarpus ellipticus Chiov. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland on coral sand
near sea level. Vouchers: Robertson SA 3809, Bogdan 4723, Lucas, Jerey & Kir-
rika 266 (EA).
Corallocarpus epigaeus (Rottler) C. B. Clarke Habit: Climber. Habitat: Wooded
grassland and deciduous bushland, ca. 550 m. Voucher: Williams JG 12588 (EA).
Ctenolepis cerasiformis (Stocks) Hook. f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bush-
land and thicket, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: Kimeu JM 657, Rawlins 843, Mwadime N
438 (EA).
Cucumis aculeatus Cogn. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest edge, ca. 142 m. Voucher:
SAJIT–005999 (EA, HIB).
Cucumis dipsaceus Ehrenb. ex Spach Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland and wood-
land, ca. 425 m. Voucher: Fukuoka N 250 (EA).
Cucumis engleri (Gilg) Ghebret. & ulin Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, wooded
grassland, and grassland, ca. 330 m. Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 4220 (EA).
Cucumis cifolius A. Rich. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bushland and grass-
land, 0–300 m. Voucher: Jeery GW 696 (EA).
Cucumis maderaspatanus L. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Seasonal swamps, ood plain,
and valley grassland, ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Cunningham-van Someren GR 280,
Nyange M 406 (EA).
Cucumis prophetarum subsp. dissectus (Naudin) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habi-
tat: Grassland, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 4574B, Drummond &
Hemsley 3994 & 4206 (EA).
Cucumis sacleuxii Paill. & Bois Habit: Climber. Habitat: Rain and swamp or other
ground water forest, ca. 210 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0371
(EA, HIB), Rawlins SP 56, Luke WRQ & PA 5687 (EA).
Cucumis sp. (Oreosyce sp. A of FTEA) Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland. Vouchers:
Rawlins, Gillespie 242 (EA): Endemic.
Cyclantheropsis parviora (Cogn.) Harms Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland ever-
green forest, deciduous woodland, and bushland, ca. 70 m. Voucher: Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0443 (EA, HIB).
Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Swamps, ground water
forest, and seasonal swamp grasslands, ca. 0– 50 m. Vouchers: Sangai GW 15723,
Polhill & Paulo 720 (EA).
Diplocyclos tenuis (Klotzsch) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal bushland,
0–90 m. Voucher: Robertson SA 3423 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 71
Eureiandra orientalis Q. Luke, ined. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal forest and
bushland, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0409 & V0332
(EA, HIB), Gray M & Luke WRQ 282 (EA).
Gerrardanthus grandiorus Gilg ex Cogn. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rain-
forest, ca. 80 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V072 (EA, HIB), Drum-
mond & Hemsley 3958 (EA).
Gerrardanthus lobatus (Cogn.) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous
bushland, woodland, and wooded grassland, 0–400 m. Vouchers: Drummond &
Hemsley 41158, Robertson SA 6398 (EA).
Kedrostis abdallae Zimm. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, ca. 35 m. Voucher: Luke
Q 1529 (EA).
Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous and semi-
evergreen woodland, ca. 400 m. Vouchers: Faden RB & AJ 74/1196, Robertson
SA 3491 (EA).
Kedrostis heterophylla Zimm. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, 40–
300m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006138 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 1833, Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 2813 (EA).
Kedrostis leloja (Forssk. ex J.F Gmel.) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous
bushland and wooded grassland, 10–550 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006129, Ngumbau
V & Mwadime N V0245 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Luke Q 2458 (EA).
Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Cultivated area.
Voucher: Waaijenberg 29 (EA).
Lagenaria sphaerica (Sond.) Naudin Habit: Climber. Habitat: Evergreen and decid-
uous forests, 0–50 m. Vouchers: Katz SS 197/75, Drummond & Hemsley 3903,
Nyange M 473 (EA).
Lua cylindrica M. Roem. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Hyphaene woodland, 5–15 m.
Vouchers: Festo L & Luke Q 2476, Leauthaud C 120 (EA): Naturalized.
Momordica anigosantha Hook. f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland, groundwater
forest and forest remnants, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0221 (EA, HIB), Faden RB 70/822 (EA).
Momordica boivinii Baill. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bushland, thicket,
woodland, and wooded grassland, 0–200 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005951, Ngumbau
V & Mwadime N V0345 (EA, HIB), Luke & Robertson 2291, Magogo FC &
Glover PE 215 (EA).
Momordica calantha Gilg Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forests edge and valley grass-
lands, ca. 100 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V119 (EA, HIB), Ka-
buye CHS, Gilbert VC & Robertson A 115, Magogo FC & Glover PE 306 (EA).
Momordica charantia L. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest and riverine
forest, 100 m. Voucher: Verdcourt 3942 (EA).
Momordica leiocarpa Gilg Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, 60–300 m.
Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 1196, Verdcourt 1875, Luke WRQ 2890 (EA).
Momordica littorea ulin Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, 10–150 m. Voucher:
Luke Q 5440 (EA).
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72
Momordica peteri Zimm. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, ca. 280 m.
Vouchers: Reitsma J 344, Luke WRQ 1638 (EA).
Momordica rostrata Zimm. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bushland, thicket,
woodland, and wooded grassland, 15–350 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0447 (EA, HIB), Kuchar P 12907, Drummond & Hemsley 4110 (EA).
Momordica spinosa (Gilg) Chiov. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bushland and
semi-desert scrub, ca. 330 m. Voucher: Bally (EA).
Momordica trifoliolata Hook. f. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous bushland and
woodland, ca. 0–86 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0478 (EA, HIB),
Stuhlmann 6970 (EA).
Peponium vogelii (Hook. f.) Engl. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland and upland
rainforest, 80–207 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V065 (EA, HIB),
Verdcourt B 2121, Magogo FC & Estes R 1211 (EA).
Pilogyne scabra (L. f.) W. J. de Wilde & Duyes Habit: Climber. Habitat: Damp
places, 80–272 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V106 (EA, HIB), Bre-
nan JPM & Brenan JH 14642 (EA).
Trochomeria macrocarpa (Sond.) Harv. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous wood-
land on sandy soils, ca. 120 m. Voucher: SAJIT–005489 (EA, HIB).
Zehneria monocarpa G.W. Hu, V.M. Ngumbau & Q.F. Wang, sp. nov Habit:
Climber. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 199 m. Vouchers: SAJIT 007172 & 007173,
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0399 (EA, HIB), Mwadime 2404 (EA): Endemic.
Zehneria pallidinervia (Harms) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Deciduous
bushland, ca. 0–88 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006443 & 006241 (EA, HIB), Beentje
HJ 2345 (EA).
Zehneria peneyana (Naudin) Schweinf. & Asch. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Swampy
and marshy areas, 20–425 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0555 (EA,
HIB), Festo L & Luke Q 2453 (EA).
Zehneria thwaitesii (Schweinf.) C. Jerey Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland grass-
land, margins of rivers, 30–223 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0540
& 0124 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA 5854 (EA).
F69. Cymodoceaceae
2 Genera, 2 Species
alassodendron ciliatum (Forssk.) Hartog Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shallow waters,
0–33 m. Voucher: SAJIT–006253 (EA, HIB).
Cymodocea rotundata Ehrenb. & Hempr. ex Asch. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Clear wa-
ter, 0–10 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006255 & 006266 (EA, HIB).
F70. Cyperaceae
18 Genera, 111 Species
Alinula paradoxa (Cherm.) Goetgh. & Vorster Habit: Herb. Habitat: In and near
rice elds, 0–30 m. Voucher: Coppejans 5690 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 73
Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla Habit: Herb. Habitat: In and near swamps,
0–30m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005912 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 5630 (EA).
Bulbostylis abortiva (Steud.) C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shallow soil over
rock, grassland, ca. 50 m. Voucher: Kaesnner 346 (EA).
Bulbostylis afroorientalis (Lye) R.W. Haines Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland with
scattered trees, 80–300 m. Vouchers: Luke & Luke 4387, Lye & Katende 6288,
Faden & Evans 71/631 (EA).
Bulbostylis argenteobrunnea C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mixed grasslands
and cleared bushland, ca. 150 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 5339, Magogo FC & Esters
R 1177 (EA).
Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mixed woodland
and bushland, ca. 0–120 m. Vouchers: Polhill & Paulo 847, Kirika P, Muthoka P
& Mbale M 753 (EA).
Bulbostylis boeckeleriana (Schweinf.) Beetle var. boeckeleriana Habit: Herb. Habi-
tat: Dry grassland, ca. 0–500 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Kabuye CHS 5120,
Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 5120 (EA).
Bulbostylis boeckeleriana var. transiens (K. Schum.) R.W. Haines Habit: Herb.
Habitat: Grassland and open bushland, 100–400 m. Vouchers: Moomaw 931,
Robertson 5120 (EA).
Bulbostylis burchellii (Ficalho & Hiern) C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open
coastal forests and marginal mangrove vegetation, 10–75 m. Vouchers: Rexton
Karisa s.n., Karisa L 52 (EA).
Bulbostylis contexta (Nees) Bodard Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky area, ca. 0–400 m.
Vouchers: Gilbert MG & Kuchar P 5899, Magogo FC & Glover PE 356, Drum-
mond & Hemsley1116 (EA).
Bulbostylis densecaespitosa (Lye) R. W. Haines Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal forest,
50–300 m. Vouchers: Moormaid JC 931, Luke & Robertson 2199, Robertson et
al. 7010 (EA): Endemic.
Bulbostylis lamentosa (Vahl) C. B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet
habitats, grassland, and crevices in rock faces, 0–326 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC &
Glover PE 23, Lye & Katende 6283, Magogo & Glover 231 (EA).
Bulbostylis hispidula (Vahl) R. W. Haines subsp. hispidula Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Coastal wooded grassland, 0–100 m. Voucher: Mwachala G et al. 856 (EA).
Bulbostylis hispidula subsp. liformis (C. B. Clarke) R. W. Haines Habit: Herb. Hab-
itat: Grassland, bushland on sandy dunes, dry banks, roadsides, and wet rock crev-
ices, ca. 0–50 m. Vouchers: Rawlins s.n., Robertson SA 3222, Kuchar P 7205 (EA).
Bulbostylis hispidula subsp. halophila (Lye) R. W. Haines Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Short grassland, sandy beaches, and abandoned cultivation, 0–15 m. Vouchers:
Moomaw JC 816, Cunningham-van Someren GR Sh107 (EA).
Bulbostylis hispidula subsp. intermedia (Lye) R. W. Haines Habit: Herb. Habi-
tat: Dry grassland and shallow soil on rocks, near sea level. Voucher: Lye 6280
(EA):Endemic.
Bulbostylis microelegans (Lye) R. W. Haines Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and
scrub, ca. 10 m. Voucher: Festo L & Luke WRQ 2729 (EA).
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74
Bulbostylis pilosa (Willd.) Cherm. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally ooded wooded
grassland, mangrove swamps, and bushland, 1–400 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0150 (EA, HIB), Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1174 (EA).
Courtoisina assimilis (Steud.) Maquet Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside, ditches,
and seasonal pools, ca. 500 m. Voucher: Faden RB & Faden AJ 116 (EA).
Cyperus afrodunensis Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: On sand dunes and sandy soil near
seashore. Voucher: Bogdan A 2537 (EA).
Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In swamps and seasonally wet
grasslands, ca. 20 m. Voucher: Rawlins SP 633 (EA).
Cyperus amabilis Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: In grassland and wooded grassland,
ca. 0–15 m. Vouchers: Rawlins SP 88, Magogo FC & Glover PE 1024, RB & AJ
Faden 71 (EA).
Cyperus articulatus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In swamps, lakeshores, wet grasslands, and
pools, ca. 0–190 m. Vouchers: Sangai GW 15839, Luke PA & WRQ 4087 (EA).
Cyperus blysmoides Hochst. ex C. B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet
habitats, ooded grasslands, and, swampy areas, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Kabuye et al.
TPR 449 (EA).
Cyperus boreobellus Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: On damp shallow sandy soil and
rocky pools, 350–400 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4153, Luke 5582A
(EA): Endemic.
Cyperus chordorrhizus Chiov. Habit: Herb. Habitat: On sand dunes, sea level.
Vouchers: Luke Q 5646, Frazier J 896 (EA).
Cyperus colymbetes Kotschy & Peyr. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Muddy areas, on
swampy ground, 10–400 m. Vouchers: Kabuye et al. TPR 382, Luke PA & WRQ
4388(EA).
Cyperus compressus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In roadside ditches, drainage trenches,
permanent, and seasonal pools, ca. 0–300 m. Vouchers: Gilbert MG & Kuchar
5898, Magogo FC & Glover PE 1064 (EA).
Cyperus crassipes Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: On shores and sand dunes, 0–60 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–006263 (EA, HIB), Greenway PJ & Rawlins SP 9293, Green-
way PG 11336 (EA).
Cyperus cuspidatus Kunth Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ca. 0–30 m. Vouchers:
Langridge WP 139, Greenway PJ 10840 (EA).
Cyperus denudatus L. f. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riversides, oodplains, swamps, damp
grassland, and moist rock crevices, ca. 0–150 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover
PE 339 (EA).
Cyperus diormis L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In swamps, alongside water edge,
0–198m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 556 (EA).
Cyperus diurensis Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: In grassland, woodland, and
rocky outcrops, 15–200 m. Vouchers: Greenway PJ & Rawlins SP 8956, Adams
64, L Festo & WRQ Luke 2492 (EA).
Cyperus dubius Rottb. subsp. dubius Habit: Herb. Habitat: Near the sea on sandy
beaches, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA 7299, Robertson SA et al. 270 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 75
Cyperus dubius var. macrocephalus (C.B. Clarke) Kük. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riv-
erine, dry bushland, and grassland, 50–380 m. Vouchers: Kabuye CHS, Gilbert
VC & Robertson A 84/84A, Magogo FC & Glover PE 307A, Luke 4004 (EA).
Cyperus exaltatus Retz. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands and pond margins, ca.
0–30m. Vouchers: Kuchar P 13556, Luke WRQ et al. 5718, Luke WRQ 3464 (EA).
Cyperus foliaceus C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodlands, seasonally wet
habitats, swamps, along streams, and pools, 0–198 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC &
Glover PE 103 & 574 (EA).
Cyperus frerei C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sand dunes, sandy mangrove
shores, 0–10 m. Voucher: Mwadime N & Luke WRQ 2612 (EA).
Cyperus grandis C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, in stagnant or moving
water, 0–400 m. Vouchers: Harper GB 113/55, Drummond RB & Hemsley JH
1092 (EA).
Cyperus haspan L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy or marshy sites, seasonally wet
grassland, 0–426 m. Vouchers: Mwachala G et al. 857, Gilbert MG & Kuchar P.
5894, Sangai GW 15794 (EA).
Cyperus hemisphaericus Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open grassland, Brachyste-
gia woodland, and wooded grassland, 0–140 m. Vouchers: Mamur JC 981, Luke
WRQ 3199 (EA).
Cyperus holstii Kük. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland, alongside pools, and
swamps, 0–250 m. Vouchers: Verdcourt 3959, Luke & Grey 4027, Luke 4605 (EA).
Cyperus involucratus Rottb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland and lake
shores, 30 m. Vouchers: Brathany 1982 Expedition 49 (EA).
Cyperus kaessneri C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally damp habitats and
bushland, 0–400 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 3745, Adams BR 7 (EA).
Cyperus kwaleensis Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: On shallow sandy soils over outcrop-
ping rocks, ca. 360 m. Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 4204 (EA): Endemic.
Cyperus laevigatus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp sandy places, ca. 45 m. Vouchers:
Festo L & Luke WRQ 2439, Makin J 417 (EA).
Cyperus latifolius Poir. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In swamps, marshes, boggy grasslands,
and roadside, 0–195 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 576 (EA).
Cyperus laxus subsp. buchholzii (Boeckeler) Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, sec-
ondary vegetation, on stream banks, 100 m. Vouchers: Greenway & Rawlins 9364,
Robertson & Luke 5951 (EA).
Cyperus ligularis L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, marshes, and creek margins.
Voucher: Vera de Measter 209 (EA).
Cyperus longus var. pallidus Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lake edges, swamps,
and temporary pools, ca. 65 m. Voucher: Nattrass MS 1521 (EA).
Cyperus luteus Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland and secondary forest,
0–228 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V048 (EA, HIB), Musyoki &
Hansen 996 (EA).
Cyperus meeboldii Kük. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet habitats or in mud, 30–353 m.
Vouchers: Luke & Gray 4050, Mwachala G et al 808 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
76
Cyperus microumbellatus Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: In swampy area, ca. 380 m.
Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 323 (EA): Endemic.
Cyperus michelianus subsp. pygmaeus (Rottb.) Asch. & Graebn. Habit: Herb.
Habitat: Seasonally wet habitats, damp sandy, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Faden & Faden
72/139 (EA).
Cyperus mollipes (C. B. Clarke) K. Schum. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ca.
0–20 m. Vouchers: Napper D 2179, Magogo FC & Glover PE 316, Waayenberg
H 17, Kabuye et al. TPR 249, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2195 (EA).
Cyperus niveus var. leucocephalus (Kunth) Fosberg Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry grass-
land, 0–200 m. Vouchers: Mwadime N 2652, Ross K 164, Drummond & Hems-
ley 4171 (EA).
Cyperus oblongoincrassatus Kük. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky sites, dry Acacia-
Commiphora bushland, ca. 350 m. Voucher: Drummond & Hemsley 4097 (EA).
Cyperus pectinatus Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, lake margins, and shallow
water, ca. 15 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006223 (EA, HIB), Mwadime N 2662 (EA).
Cyperus prolifer Lam. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamp edges, streamside, and season-
ally ooded grasslands, 0–450 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0255
(EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 119 (EA).
Cyperus renschii Boeckeler var. renschii Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forests, forest swamps,
along forest streams, or roadside, (0–) 150 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V110 (EA, HIB) Magogo FC & Glover PE 135, Moomaw 1063 (EA).
Cyperus rotundus L. subsp. rotundus Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, sandy elds,
and cultivated ground, ca. 260 m. Voucher: Waaijenberg H 6 (EA).
Cyperus rotundus subsp. tuberosus (Rottb.) Kük. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides,
sandy elds, and cultivated ground, 140–300 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA et al.
342, Faden RB & Evans A 627 (EA).
Cyperus rubicundus Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet habitats, 0–353 m.
Vouchers: Bryan R Adames 54, Mwachala G et al. 814 (EA).
Cyperus squarrosus L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and roadside, ca. 200 m.
Vouchers: Festo L & Luke WRQ 2474, Luke et al. 6325 (EA).
Cyperus tenax Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally ooded grassland, swampy
grassland, mangrove edge, and woodland, 0–297 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0151 (EA, HIB), Luke PA & WRQ 5676B (EA).
Cyperus zanzibarensis C. B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: No data. Voucher: Taylor
s.n. (EA).
Cyperus zollingeri Steud. Habit: Herb. Habitat: In seasonally wet habitats, 0–650 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0537 (EA, HIB), Gillespie 155, Faden et
al. 71/645, Luke et al. 5912 (EA).
Diplacrum africanum C. B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: On bare sand or mud in
marshy grassland, ca. 60–400 m. Voucher: Luke & Luke 5963 (EA).
Eleocharis atropurpurea (Retz.) J. Presl & C. Presl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonal
pools, seepage areas, and rice paddies ca. 5 m. Voucher: Mwadime N 2568 (EA).
Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Trin. ex Hensch. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps and shal-
low parts of lakes, 0–100 m. Voucher: Kirika P, Mbale M & Mbatha M 778(EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 77
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lake shores and
swamps, 0–150 m. Voucher: Luke PA & WRQ 5640 (EA).
Fimbristylis bisumbellata (Forssk.) Bubani Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mud ats and
sandy riverbanks, 0–150 m. Voucher: Sangai GW 15848 (EA).
Fimbristylis bivalvis (Lam.) Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streams, roadsides, and bush-
land, 1–100 m. Voucher: Taylor s.n. (EA).
Fimbristylis cymosa R.Br. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sandy foreshores, edges of man-
grove swamps, coral rock, and saline marshes, 0–45 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA &
Abuodha J 6916, Polhill & Paulo 897 (EA).
Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Margins of rice elds and
swamps, ca. 0–150 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al. 6186, Drummond & Hemsley
1164 (EA).
Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sandy soils by the coast,
0–50 m. Vouchers: Kuchar P 10052, Smith, Beentje & Muasya 244 (EA).
Fimbristylis littoralis Gaudich. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry river beds and drying
swamp, ca. 0–300 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al. 5712, Polhill & Paulo 897,
Makin 418 (EA).
Fimbristylis pilosa Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally ooded grassland and
bushed grasslands, ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Luke et al. 6317, Gillespie 277 & 280 (EA).
Fimbristylis polytrichoides (Retz.) Vahl Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally inundated
mangrove swamp, 0–15 m. Vouchers: Rawlins SP 12080, Bogdan 4708, Polhill &
Paulo 896 (EA).
Fimbristylis quinquangularis subsp. macroglumis (Lye) Verdc. Habit: Herb. Habi-
tat: Marshy grassland, 65 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 17419 (EA).
Fimbristylis ovata (Burm.f.) J. Kern Habit: Herb. Habitat: Plain grassland, season-
ally wooded grassland, and grazed fallow areas, 0–381 m. Vouchers: Magogo &
Glover 384, Adams BR 13 (EA).
Fimbristylis triora (L.) K. Schum. ex Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Tidal mud,
wooded grassland, and mangrove swamps, 0–45 m. Vouchers: Kirika P & Mutho-
ka P 734, Luke & Mbinda 5880, Polhill & Paulo 900 (EA).
Fuirena ciliaris (L.) Roxb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal streams, pools, seasonal
swamp edges, wet grassland, and weed in rice elds, 0–300 (–500) m. Voucher:
Gilbert MG & Kuchar P 5897 (EA).
Fuirena claviseta Peter Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamp, river, stream banks, and drain-
age ditches, 0–300 (–500) m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 4385 (EA).
Fuirena ochreata Nees ex Kunth Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland,
edge of permanent swamp and stream, 0–450 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005487 (EA,
HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 163 (EA).
Fuirena umbellata Rottb. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland, swamp
forest, stream, and lake banks, ca. 0–213 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & PA 6027,
Magogo & Glover 736 (EA).
Kyllinga cartilaginea K. Schum. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lowland forest, coconut grooves,
beach crest, dunes, and Brachystegia woodland, 0–50 (–200) m. Vouchers: Ngumbau
V & Mwadime N V097 (EA, HIB), Townsend CC & Hooper SS 1212 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
78
Kyllinga crassipes Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland, old cul-
tivations, and woodlands, 0–200 m. Voucher: Bogdan 4703 (EA).
Kyllinga erecta Schumach. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet depressions, swamps, lake,
pool, and dam fringes, 0–353 m. Vouchers: Mwachala G et al. 809, Luke WRQ et
al. 5716, Gilbert & Kuchar 5896 (EA).
Kyllinga microstyla C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland or scattered tree
grassland, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Faden & Evans 71/628 (EA).
Kyllinga nervosa var. ava (C.B. Clarke) Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 50–
250 m. Voucher: Wamukoya 80 (EA).
Kyllinga polyphylla Willd. ex Kunth var. polyphylla Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist
grassland, ca. 426 m. Vouchers: Kuchar P 12875, Magogo FC & Glover PE
108(EA).
Kyllinga polyphylla var. elatior (Kunth) Kük. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland,
60m. Voucher: Adams BR 19 (EA).
Mariscus longibracteatus Cherm. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside, permanently or
seasonally swampy, and moist sites in shade, ca. 10 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ et al.
5628, Mwachala G et al. 852, Festo 2424 (EA).
Mariscus maderaspatanus (Willd.) Napper Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland or
roadsides, 0–200 m. Vouchers: Luke & Mbinda 5973A, Jerey 14, Luke, Mbinda
& Madudu 6375 (EA).
Mariscus psilostachys C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry grassland and rocky
outcrops, 0–100 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & PA 4505 (EA).
Mariscus sumatrensis (Retz.) J. Raynal Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest clearings, path
sides, grassland, and woodland, 0–381 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE
351, Magogo FC & Estes R 1218 (EA).
Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Palla Habit: Herb. Habitat: Floating in lakes,
swamps, and pools, ca. 0–300 m. Voucher: Kabuye et al. TPRs 531 (EA).
Pycreus hildebrandtii C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Floating in lakes, swamps,
and pools, 0–800 m. Voucher: Festo L & Luke WRQ 2608 (EA).
Pycreus macrostachyos (Lam.) J. Raynal Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lakes, ponds, and at
river edges. Vouchers: Luke Q 5631, Luke WRQ & PA 5728 (EA).
Pycreus pelophilus (Ridl.) C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat: Near water, ca. 15 m.
Voucher: Festo L & Luke WRQ 2606 (EA).
Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) P. Beauv. subsp. polystachyos Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Margins of rivers, riverbanks, lake margins, and sandy beaches, 0–200 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke WRQ et al. 5719, Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 1163 (EA).
Pycreus polystachyos var. laxiorus (Benth.) C.B. Clarke Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Margins of rivers, and sandy beaches, ca. 55 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 17417,
Mwadime N & Chesire C 168 (EA).
Pycreus pumilus (L.) Nees Habit: Herb. Habitat: Along swampy and streamside, ca.
50 m. Vouchers: Kirika P & Muthoka P 736, Luke et al. 6324, Gillet & Kuchar
5900 (EA).
Queenslandiella hyalina (Vahl) Ballard Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and bush-
land on coral rag, 0–30 m. Vouchers: Schlieben 12140, Gillespie 14 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 79
Remirea maritima Aubl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Sandy seashores, just above the high
tide level. Voucher: Robertson 3675 (EA).
Rhynchospora perrieri Cherm. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamp areas, roadside ditches,
alongside streams, and in damp places, ca. 300 m. Voucher: Bogdan A 5347 (EA).
Schoenoplectiella articulata (L.) Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grass-
land, and Acacia bushland zone, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Verdcourt 3958, Kuchar P
12876, Kirika P, Muthoka P & Mbale M 743 (EA).
Schoenoplectiella juncea (Willd.) Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonal pools, swamps,
along drainage lines, and stagnant water, 0–600 m. Voucher: Gillespie 282 (EA).
Schoenoplectiella lateriora (J.F. Gmel.) Lye Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, pond,
lake shores, and seasonal pools, ca. 0–300 m. Vouchers: Gillespie 283, Sangai in
EA 15793 (EA).
Schoenoplectus scirpoides (Schrad.) Browning Habit: Herb. Habitat: Lakes, riverine
fringes, and coastal saltmarsh, 0–200 m. Voucher: Luke 5642 (EA).
Scleria achtenii De Wild. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Occasionally in permanent water,
0–60 m. Voucher: Luke & Luke 5994 (EA).
Scleria bambariensis Cherm. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps and seasonally wet
grassland, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Bogdan A 3344, Luke & Luke 5993 (EA).
Scleria boivinii Steud. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy forest and lowland forest, ca.
60 m. Voucher: Luke et al. 5920 (EA).
Scleria foliosa Hochst. ex A. Rich. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamp edges, seasonally
damp areas, and rice elds, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Luke & Gray 4058 (EA).
Scleria hildebrandtii Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and lowland forest,
30–215 m. Vouchers: Luke & Luke 5964, Hildebrandt 2044 (EA).
Scleria lagoensis Boeckeler Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, Terminalia-Combretum
and Brachystegia-Uapaca woodland, and forest edge grassland, ca. 750 m. Voucher:
Luke & Luke 5962 (EA).
Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, forest, and plan-
tation edges, 20–200 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V087 (EA, HIB),
Magogo FC & Glover PE 98 (EA).
Scleria parvula Steud. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally ooded grassland and swampy
stream banks, ca. 60 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 3344, Luke WRQ & PA 4078 & 5993(EA).
Scleria racemosa Poir. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy ground in forest, lake shores,
and swamps, muddy valley bottoms, ca. 0–28 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006217 (EA,
HIB), Luke WRQ 3607, Magogo & Glover 539, Kirika P 949 (EA).
F71. Dichapetalaceae
2 Genera, 9 Species
Dichapetalum arenarium Breteler Habit: Liana. Habitat: Coastal forest and bush-
land, 0–450 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0361 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 501 (EA).
Dichapetalum fadenii Breteler Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest on limestone outcrops,
200–220 m. Voucher: Faden et al. 77/416 (EA): Endemic.
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80
Dichapetalum fructuosum Hiern Habit: Liana. Habitat: Coastal forest, ca. 200 m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2707, Magogo & Glover 179 (EA).
Dichapetalum madagascariense Poir. var. madagascariense Habit: Liana. Habi-
tat: Evergreen forest, 200 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 250, Greenway
9652, Verdcourt 1899 (EA).
Dichapetalum mossambicense (Klotzsch) Engl. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Coastal
forest, forest edges, coastal, and secondary bushland, 0–400 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–006028, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0334 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 522 (EA).
Dichapetalum ruhlandii Engl. Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest and associated bush-
land, 50–382 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006079 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 871, Verd-
court 1880 (EA).
Dichapetalum sp. ?nov. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist forest, ca. 231 m. Voucher:
Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V113 (EA, HIB): Endemic.
Dichapetalum zenkeri Engl. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland mostly evergreen for-
est, 30–700 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0428 & 0529 (EA, HIB),
Graham MD 2132, Kimeu JM 691 (EA).
Tapura scheri Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest or sometimes riverine, ca. 220 m.
Vouchers: Luke WRQ 873, Gillett & Kibuwa, Faden RB & Evans A 71/730 (EA).
F72. Didiereaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Calyptrotheca taitensis (Pax & Vatke) Brenan Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Deciduous
bushland, open woodland, and grassland, ca. 30 m. Voucher: Robertson 6600 (EA).
F73. Dilleniaceae
1 Genus, 2 Species
Tetracera boiviniana Baill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal woodland and thicket,
50–350 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005464 & 005490 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA &
Luke Q 5712 (EA).
Tetracera litoralis Gilg Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Lowland rainforest and dry evergreen
forest, 0–50 (–500) m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005515 & 005977, Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0367 & V045 (EA, HIB), Simpson BL 375 (EA).
F74. Dioscoreaceae
2 Genera, 7 Species
Dioscorea asteriscus Burkill Habit: Climber. Habitat: Rainforest, lowland dry ever-
green forest, and coastal evergreen bushland, 0–160 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006003
& 005947 (EA, HIB), Kabuye CHS 84, Kirika P, Nyamongo D & Sanyanyi S
39664, Luke WRQ 2878 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 81
Dioscorea buchananii Benth. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Riverine forest and near
mangrove swamps, ca. 300 m. Vouchers: Mutanga JG & Kamau P 22, Kuchar P
12003 (EA).
Dioscorea dumetorum (Kunth) Pax Habit: Climber. Habitat: Edges of lowland rain-
forest, dry evergreen forest, and evergreen bushlands, 0–650 m. Vouchers: SA-
JIT–006015 & 005524, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V079 & 0252 (EA, HIB),
Katz SS 32, Magogo FC & Glover PE 1062 (EA).
Dioscorea hirtiora subsp. orientalis Milne-Redh. Habit: Climber. Habitat: Dry
evergreen forest, thickets, and rocky places, 0–570 m. Vouchers: Jeery GW 276,
Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5158 (EA).
Dioscorea quartiniana A. Rich. var. quartiniana Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland
rainforest, riverine forest, and forest edges, ca. (50–) 300 m. Vouchers: Mwadime
N 26, Robertson SA 4934 (EA).
Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax Habit: Climber. Habitat: Lowland rainforest, riverine
forest, and coastal evergreen bushland, ca. 0–300 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005927
(EA, HIB), Brenan JPM & JB Gillet 14644, Gillett JB 18713 (EA).
Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland or
woodland, ca. 0–227 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005375, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
N V0281 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 484, Napier 6294, RM Graham
2120 (EA).
F75. Droseraceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Drosera indica L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet mud in swamps, pools, and streams, ca.
30 m. Voucher: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2728 (EA).
F76. Ebenaceae
2 Genera, 15 Species
Diospyros abyssinica (Hiern) F. White subsp. abyssinica Habit: Tree. Habitat: Rain-
forest and evergreen forest, 0–385 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 1855, Muasya JM
708 (EA).
Diospyros amaniensis Gürke Habit: Tree. Habitat: Rainforest or ground water forest,
250–500 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ & Kahumbu P 4546G, Magogo & Glover 82,
White 11191 (EA).
Diospyros bussei Gürke Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wet bushland or wooded grassland,
0–600 m. Vouchers: Dale IR K3539, Drummond & Hemsley 4183 (EA).
Diospyros consolatae Chiov. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Semi-evergreen or evergreen dry
forest, thicket, and woodland, 0–300 m. Vouchers: Dale IR K3768, Greenway
9815 (EA).
Diospyros greenwayi F. White Habit: Tree. Habitat: Semi-deciduous and evergreen
forest, 0–400 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005571 & 006062, Ngumbau V & Mwadime
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
82
N V0233 (EA, HIB), Mohamed HB 3860, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 219
(EA): Vulnerable.
Diospyros kabuyeana F. White Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen, semi-deciduous low-
land forest, and sometimes riverine, 20–700 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3426, Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 525 (EA).
Diospyros loureiroana subsp. rufescens (Caveney) Verdc. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Ev-
ergreen bushland, 0–750 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005479 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ &
Robertson SA 2779, RM Graham 323 in FD 1821 (EA).
Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.DC Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist semi-decid-
uous forest and riverine forest, ca. 0–250 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson
SA 535 (EA).
Diospyros natalensis (Harv.) Brenan subsp. natalensis Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist
semi-deciduous forest, dry evergreen forest, and thicket, ca. 0–250 m. Vouchers:
Luke Q 1568, Drummond RB & Hemsley JH 4018, Faden 77/690 (EA).
Diospyros occulta F. White Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen forest, 0–300 m. Vouch-
ers: Luke WRQ 1849, Luke & Robertson 1700 (EA).
Diospyros shimbaensis F. White Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal evergreen, 0–450 m.
Vouchers: SAJIT–005545 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ 1850 (EA): Endangered.
Diospyros squarrosa Klotzsch Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland and bushland, and
hillsides, 0–100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005477 (EA, HIB), Luke Q 1423, Drum-
mond RB & Hemsley JH 4018 (EA).
Euclea divinorum Hiern Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, open bushland, and
thicket, 0–200 m. Voucher: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 74 (EA).
Euclea natalensis subsp. obovata F. White Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, ever-
green, and deciduous thicket, 0–301 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005971 (EA, HIB),
Gardner HM 1417, Cunningham-van Someren (EA).
Euclea racemosa subsp. schimperi (A. DC.) F. White Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grass-
land bushland, woodland, and riverine forest or scrub, ca. 2 m. Voucher: SA-
JIT–006112 (EA, HB).
F77. Eriocaulaceae
1 Genus, 1 Species
Eriocaulon elegantulum Engl. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonal ponds and ditches, ca.
0–50 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0549 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC
& Glover PE 355 (EA).
F78. Erythroxylaceae
2 Genera, 3 Species
Erythroxylum emarginatum onn. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen forest, coastal for-
est, and transitional bushland, ca. 2 m. Voucher: Mwadime N & Chesire C 184(EA).
Erythroxylum platyclados Bojer Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen bushland on coral,
sand dunes, and wooded grassland, 12–180 m. Voucher: Luke Q 1418 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 83
Nectaropetalum kaessneri Engl. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Dry evergreen forest, thickets,
and waste ground, 0–390 m. Voucher: Dale in FD 3874 (EA).
F79. Euphorbiaceae
26 Genera, 87 Species
Acalypha bussei Hutch. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coastal forest, 0–160 m. Vouchers:
Drummond & Hemsley 3993, Gillett 18640, Verdcourt 1079 (EA).
Acalypha ciliata Forssk. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, deciduous, and
coastal bushland, 0–150 m. Voucher: Gillespie 219 (EA).
Acalypha echinus Pax & K. Hom. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Riverine forest, 60–
300m. Vouchers: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2757, Pakia M et al. 988, Drummond &
Hemsley 3340 (EA).
Acalypha engleri Pax Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest undergrowth, edges, and associated
bushland, (100–) 400–500 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V018 (EA,
HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1556, Magogo FC & Glover PE 140 (EA).
Acalypha fruticosa Forssk. var. fruticosa Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal deciduous
bushland and thicket, ca. 0–272 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V043
(EA, HIB), Kuchar P 10145 (EA).
Acalypha indica L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rivers, base of outcrops, and ruderal, ca.
0–100 m. Vouchers: Gillespie 40, Faden RB & Faden AJ 74/1170 & 74/1019 (EA).
Acalypha lanceolata var. glandulosa (Müll.Arg.) Radcl.-Sm. Habit: Herb. Habitat:
Grassland, 0–100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006179 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & PA
4510, Polhill & Paulo 537 (EA).
Acalypha neptunica Müll.Arg. var. neptunica Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest under-
growth, edges, and associated bushland, ca. 36 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006178 &
005551 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2698 (EA).
Acalypha neptunica var. pubescens (Pax) Hutch. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: ickets
and dry forest understory, 0–150 m. Voucher: Rawlins 203 (EA).
Acalypha ornata Hochst. ex A. Rich. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest undergrowth, edges,
wooded grassland, deciduous woodland, and thicket, 0–276 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau
V & Mwadime N V044 & 0220 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 485A (EA).
Acalypha paniculata Miq. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, open places, edges, and
riverine, ca. 100–280 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006152, Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V115 (EA, HIB), Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 5159 (EA).
Alchornea laxiora (Benth.) Pax & K. Hom. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Evergreen
forest and riverine thickets near coast, ca. 10 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005512 (EA,
HIB), Luke Q 1566, Magogo FC & Glover PE 72 (EA).
Argomuellera mjikendae Q. Luke, ined. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 86m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0471 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ et al.
5702(EA).
Caperonia stulosa Beille Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, ood plains, and other
seasonally ooded areas, 0–360 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006195 (EA, HIB), Luke
WRQ & Robertson SA 2815 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
84
Cavacoa aurea (Cavaco) J. Léonard Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, ca. 100 m. Vouch-
ers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0382 (EA, HIB), omas Mwadime in Mrs
Robertson SA 7790, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2697 (EA).
Croton blanchetianus Baill. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest. Voucher: Luke WRQ et
al. 4333 (EA).
Croton dichogamus Pax Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry forest, bushland, and thicket, ca.
253 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–005902, FOKP–10002 (EA, HIB).
Croton kinondoensis G.W. Hu, V.M. Ngumbau & Q.F. Wang, sp. nov. Habit:
Shrub. Habitat: Forest edge, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: SAJIT 007225, Ngumbau V
& Mwadime N V0520 (EA, HIB), Malombe I, Mwadime N & Saidi KI 1647
(EA):Endemic.
Croton megalocarpoides Friis & M.G. Gilbert Habit: Tree. Habitat: In semi-ever-
green coastal forest, and bushland, 5–275 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke
WRQ 5551, Muchiri 458 (EA, HIB).
Croton menyharthii Pax Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Deciduous bushland and thicket, ca.
0–50 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4116, Gillespie 378 (EA).
Croton pseudopulchellus Pax Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry evergreen forest, decidu-
ous woodland, bushland, and thicket, ca. 0–59 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V &
Mwadime N V0440 (EA, HIB), Festo L & Luke Q 2596, Ross KS 133 (EA).
Croton sylvaticus Hochst. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Secondary forest, forest edges, along
rivers, and around lakes, ca. 60–410 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0300 & 0111 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 515 (EA).
Croton talaeporos Radcl.–Sm. Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coastal bushland and wooded
grassland, 0–100 m. Vouchers: Muchiri J 565, J Adamson in Bally 5935 (EA).
Dalechampia parvifolia Lam. var. parvifolia Habit: Climber. Habitat: Coastal
bushland, ca. 0–600 m. Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 864, Luke Q 5679,
Luke Q 1462, Graham RM 1904, Drummond & Hemsley 4089, Gray M & Luke
WRQ 270, Drummond & Hemsley 1054 (EA).
Dalechampia trifoliata Peter ex Verdc. & Greenway Habit: Climber. Habitat: De-
ciduous and coastal bushland or woodland, 60–600 m. Vouchers: Drummond &
Hemsley 4089, Field 3 (EA).
Erythrococca kirkii (Müll.Arg.) Prain Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest edges, coast-
al bushland, and thicket, ca. 0–181 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N
V0224 (EA, HIB), Magogo FC & Glover PE 219 (EA).
Erythrococca pentagyna Radcl.-Sm. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist coastal forest, 60–
160 m. Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0464 (EA, HIB), Luke WRQ
3136, Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 1911, Luke WRQ et al. 6191, Drummond &
Hemsley 3944, Kokwaro 3931, Faden 77/524 (EA): Endemic.
Erythrococca pubescens Radcl.-Sm. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, ca. 0–380 m.
Vouchers: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0464, Drummond & Hemsley
4168(EA).
Erythrococca usambarica Prain Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Primary and secondary ever-
green forest, ca. 300–400 m. Vouchers: Luke WRQ 872, Gillett JB & Robertson
SA 23996 (EA).
Checklist of coastal forests of Kenya 85
Euphorbia acalyphoides Hochst. ex Boiss. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca.
10m. Voucher: Festo L, Luke Q & P 2625 (EA).
Euphorbia breviarticulata Pax var. breviarticulata Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Acacia-
Commiphora bushland, ca. 60–365 m. Vouchers: Bally & Smith 14404, Kuchar P
7323 (EA).
Euphorbia buruana Pax Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, ca. 100 m. Voucher: M van
Leeuwen 19 (EA).
Euphorbia bussei var. kibwezensis (N.E.Br.) S. Carter Habit: Tree. Habitat: Decidu-
ous woodland. Voucher: Polhill R & Paulo S 816 (EA).
Euphorbia candelabrum Trémaux ex Kotschy var. candelabrum Habit: Tree. Habi-
tat: Wooded grassland, ca. (15–) 450 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA, Luke WRQ &
Awimbo J 5248, Luke WRQ 954 (EA).
Euphorbia candelabrum var. bilocularis (N.E.Br.) S. Carter Habit: Tree. Habitat:
Open wooded grassland, ca. 550 m. Voucher: Bally E 212 (EA).
Euphorbia crotonoides Boiss. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open woodland or scattered
bushland, ca. 186 m. Voucher: Ngumbau V & Mwadime N V0337 (EA, HIB).
Euphorbia cryptospinosa P.R.O. Bally Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open dry deciduous
bushland, ca. 230 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ & Robertson SA 2527 (EA).
Euphorbia cuneata Vahl subsp. cuneata Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coastal forest and of-
ten cultivated as a hedge plant, 0–160 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1024, Gillespie 62(EA).
Euphorbia uminis S. Carter Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry deciduous woodland, ca.
15 m. Voucher: Gillett JB 19534 (EA): Endemic.
Euphorbia furcata N.E.Br. Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Acacia bushland, ca. 300 m.
Voucher: Bally 1326 (EA).
Euphorbia gossypina Pax subsp. gossypina Habit: Shrub. Habitat: In Acacia-Commi-
phora bushland, ca. 30 m. Vouchers: Drummond & Hemsley 4044, Faden RB &
Faden A74/1054 (EA).
Euphorbia heterochroma subsp. tsavoensis S. Carter Habit: Shrub. Habitat: De-
ciduous bushland, ca. 550 m. Voucher: Luke WRQ 940 (EA).
Euphorbia heterophylla L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed localities, cultivated, and
wasted land, ca. 500 m. Voucher: Magogo FC & Glover PE 984 (EA): Naturalized.
Euphorbia hirta L. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides and waste places, ca. 20 m.
Vouchers: Magogo FC & Glover PE 724, Polhill & Paulo 535 (EA).
Euphorbia indica Lam. Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and seasonally water-logged
places, ca. 5 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006099 (EA, HIB), Tweedie 3138 (EA).
Euphorbia invenusta (N.E.Br.) Bruyns Habit: Herb. Habitat: Deciduous woodland,
thicket, ca. 50 m. Vouchers: Robertson SA & Luke WRQ 4464, Greenway PJ &
Rawlins SP 9457 (EA).
Euphorbia kalisana S. Carter Habit: Herb. Habitat: Acacia-Commiphora bushland,
ca. 100 m. Voucher: Faden 74/998 (EA).
Euphorbia kaessneri Pax Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland and bushland near the
coast, 20–100 m. Vouchers: SAJIT–006441 (EA, HIB), Mungai GM 166/80(EA).
Euphorbia neovirgata Bruyns Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 50–200 m. Voucher:
Bally 12196 (EA).
Veronicah M. Ngumbau et al. / PhytoKeys 147: 1–191 (2020)
86
Euphorbia nyikae Pax ex Engl. var. nyikae Habit: Tree. Habitat: Deciduous wood-
land, 250–700 m. Vouchers: Bally 5781, Balslev 47 (EA).
Euphorbia nyikae var. neovolkensii (Pax) S. Carter