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New Didactic Approaches in Conditions of Inclusive Education
Abstract
The article reveals for the first time the features of the methodology and a new approach in teaching the visually impaired people with special educational needs, including the totally blind people on the example of teaching foreign languages. This technique is innovative and can be used for didactic purposes in teaching any subject matter to people with visual impairments of all ages, including totally blind people in terms of inclusive education. Results of the experimental study are based on the testing of a purpose-designed computer program “Communicative English for Students with Visual Problems”, which was successfully implemented in the State Educational Institution of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) “Republican Special (Correctional) Boarding School” for children with visual and hearing impairments. The experiment involved middle and high school students, as well as students of the North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. The program was tested by visually impaired students with special educational needs. In total, 15 students of 8–9 grades with various visual impairments, and 7 university students participated in the experiment. In order to clarify the effectiveness of the computer technology use for all categories with visual impairments, students were divided into three differentiated groups: visually impaired, people with residual vision and totally blind.
... As a result, research on UDL and innovative and inclusive academia remains limited. Existing studies on universities, both in Italy and internationally, have mainly focused on quantitative measures such as student performance and surveys administered to students (Woodley, 2020;Nikolaev et al. 2020). As scientific research primarily focuses on quantitative contributions, there is a need for qualitative methods to analyse the perspectives of not only students but also lecturers, lecturers, or remedial lecturers (Soresi et al. 2013). ...
The fourth Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) highlights the need to ensure universal access to quality education, recognising its central role in advancing other SDGs. Achieving this goal requires higher education to embrace inclusivity and innovation, equipping students with the necessary skills for the dynamic labour market, while addressing inequalities and promoting gender equality. Despite this, in Italy, certain aspects of university teaching are left to the discretion of individual lecturers. To address the challenges and opportunities of higher education, 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted with lecturers at a major Italian university to explore lecturers’ personal feelings and experiences regarding the implementation of inclusive and innovative practices. The data were analysed through phenomenological descriptive analysis. The interviewees emphasised the need to enhance the interactivity of their teaching by incorporating innovative activities and methodologies. They highlighted both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for this shift, noting that innovative and inclusive teaching methods significantly impact student engagement and the overall educational process. Many respondents are willing to adapt their strategies, whether by adopting new methods, modifying existing ones, or broadening their perspectives. In this process, training appears to be a fundamental factor as well as the availability of funding. Through this study, we aim to contribute valuable knowledge that can inform future efforts to improve the effectiveness and equity of higher education in Italy.
... The possibility to compete and succeed in the workplace also depends on the mental, physical, knowledge, and abilities that follow the needs in the workplace (Alexander et al., 2017) and the ability to maintain a job after obtaining it becomes an integral part of job readiness (Alexander et al., 2017) As a tool for facing competition, the world of work is getting tougher. Job readiness is characterized by a readiness to do work, ease of adapting to the work environment (Nikolaev et al., 2020) and technological advances, which describe attitudes and attributes of success in the workplace. ...
The Industrial Revolution 4.0 and the COVID-19 pandemic changed the habits and workings of the business world and the industrial world with a digital technology approach, which has the potential to threaten various professions and employment opportunities. Graduates add to unemployment rates. Prospective workers need digital literacy competencies to compete in the current world of work. This study seeks to measure the extent and importance of digital literacy competence for the Gen-Z workforce of higher education graduates facing the world of work. This study uses an explanatory method with a sure approach. Data collection was done using a Likert scale 1-5 questionnaire, distributed to 133 respondents selected by the researchers, and targeted the workforce of college graduates aged 24-29 (Gen-Z) in the South West Java region with a simple random sampling technique. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and structural equations, such as structural equation modeling. Digital literacy competence, including knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values, has a positive effect on the work readiness of Generation Z in rural South West Java. Further research is needed to develop human resources in these areas
... This technique is innovative and can be used for didactic purposes in teaching any topic with people with visual impairments, of all ages, including completely blind people in terms of inclusive education. The results of the experimental research are based on the testing of a dedicated computer program "Communicative English for students with visual impairments", which has been successfully implemented and can be used in all educational institutions 58 . Universal Learning Design is a framework for a teaching and learning transaction that conceptualizes knowledge through a focus on student accessibility, collaboration, and community 59 . ...
Poštovani čitaoci, autori, saradnici, Zadovoljstvo nam je predstaviti novo izdanje časopisa Defektologija sa izmjenjenim nazivom-Istraživanja u edukaciji i rehabilitaciji. Razvoj defektološke nauke, teorije i prakse, ali suštinska promjena društvenog viđenja invalidnosti, rezultirali su, pored ostalog, izmjenom naziva defektologija u naziv edukacijsko-rehabilitacijska znanost. Samim tim, javila se potreba da se časopis Defektologija, koji je u kontinuitetu izlazio pune 23 godine, terminološki uskladi sa nazivom znanosti čije teorijske i praktične rezultate istražuje, prikazuje i unapređuje. Nadamo se da ćete u časopisu naći korisne i interesantne teme iz područja edukacijsko rehabilitacijske znanosti, ali i iz srodnih disciplina, a naša misija je da stvorimo prostor za dinamičan i progresivan istraživački dijalog. Zahvaljujemo se svima koji su nas pratili u dosadašnjem znanstvenom putovanju, ali i svima onima koji će nam se pridružiti u budućnosti. Uredništvo F O R E W O R D Dear readers, authors, associates, It is our pleasure to introduce you a new edition of the jornal Defectology with the changed name-Research in Education and Rehabilitation. The development of defectology as science, theory and practice, but also, a fundamental change in the social vision of disability, resulted in, among other things, the change of the name defectology into the name education and rehabilitation science. Consequently, the need for the jornal "Defectology", which has been continuing for 23 years to come, has been terminologically aligned with the name of science, whose theoretical and practical results are investigates, displays and promots. We hope that you will find useful and interesting reading from the wide field of education and rehabilitation science, but also from related disciplines, and our mission is to create a place for dynamic and progressive research dialogue. We thank all those who have followed us in the current scientific journey, but also to all those who will join us in the future. Editorial
... This technique is innovative and can be used for didactic purposes in teaching any topic with people with visual impairments, of all ages, including completely blind people in terms of inclusive education. The results of the experimental research are based on the testing of a dedicated computer program "Communicative English for students with visual impairments", which has been successfully implemented and can be used in all educational institutions 58 . Universal Learning Design is a framework for a teaching and learning transaction that conceptualizes knowledge through a focus on student accessibility, collaboration, and community 59 . ...
The role of employers in obtaining a job for people with disabilities can be crucial. The law on “Professional rehabilitation and employment of people with disabilities” was supposed to be a key factor in improving the position of this population in the labor market, but in practice this has not been confirmed. One of the major obstacles to the employment of persons with disabilities is the lack of a register of persons with disabilities where employers colud find potential candidates with appropriate skills and competencies. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying potential barriers to employment of persons with disabilities perceived from the perspective of employers. The sample consisted of 50 employers of both state and private companies in the city of Novi Sad. Employers were surveyed with a questionnaire created for the purposes of this research, modeled on the Employers' Motivation Questionnaire for Employment of Persons with Disabilities with the prior consent of the author. The results schow that the adaptation of the workplace and access to means of transport are the biggest obstacle when we are talking about employing people with disabilities. In order to gain a deeper insight into the perspective of employers regarding the employment of people with disabilities, it is important to take into account their direct experiences as well as what worries them and what they feel insufficiently competent when it comes to employing this population. Key words: people with disabilities, employers, barriers.
... This technique is innovative and can be used for didactic purposes in teaching any topic with people with visual impairments, of all ages, including completely blind people in terms of inclusive education. The results of the experimental research are based on the testing of a dedicated computer program "Communicative English for students with visual impairments", which has been successfully implemented and can be used in all educational institutions 58 . Universal Learning Design is a framework for a teaching and learning transaction that conceptualizes knowledge through a focus on student accessibility, collaboration, and community 59 . ...
The educational integration of blind and visually impaired children has proven to be an upward trajectory in the process of upbringing, education, acquisition of knowledge and competencies in children with visual impairment. In addition to the benefits for the child's intellectual development, the integration process is of great importance in the social context. The education system has changed over time, both for visually impaired students and for their without visual impairment peers. Modern approaches and methods in the process of upbringing and education have made many means for work and learning for children who are blind and visually impaired inaccessible. We strive to adapt the environment for children with disabilities in order to fully include them and give them the opportunity to follow the most modern methods and use modern teaching aids in the process of upbringing and education. Key words: modern approaches, modern methods, integration, blind, visually impaired
... The work of [36] proposes the use of a computer program with a didactic approach based on communicative English for people with visual impairment. This program is characterized by the Russian keyboard letters found in the center row and is known as the "ten-finger typing method" or tactile typing based on the touch method used by pianists. ...
This document evidences an innovative methodological vision in the teaching-learning process of the English language focused on the inclusion of all its students in a heterogeneous learning environment. Learning a foreign language as a second language is a challenge that all students must overcome, but this challenge is more significant in visually impaired students. Therefore, the present research is based on a historical, descriptive process that reviews high-impact scientific articles supported by recognized databases. Later on, it warns about breaking down the stages of the process, supporting the analytical method, and then joining each stage, starting from the simple to the complex using the synthetic method, thus consummating a complete analytical-synthetic process. In this way, the present work shows a description of the methodological experience from a set of good practices for visually impaired students in the classroom environment. The proposed work systematizes the methodology applied in the educational process and categorizes the stages of the methodological process developed according to the skills and abilities required for learning by using typhlo-technical tools. On the other hand, the research determines a route map that allows and facilitates the management of the method implemented in learning the English language for students with visual impairment. Consequently, this constitutes a valid alternative for educational inclusion within an innovative environment that welcomes the use of information and communication technologies to achieve the natural inclusion and autonomous participation of students with visual impairment.
What does the visual cortex of the blind do during Braille reading? This process involves converting simple tactile information into meaningful patterns that have lexical and semantic properties. The perceptual processing of Braille might be mediated by the somatosensory system, whereas visual letter identity is accomplished within the visual system in sighted people. Recent advances in functional neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, have enabled exploration of the neural substrates of Braille reading. The primary visual cortex of early-onset blind subjects is functionally relevant to Braille reading, suggesting that the brain shows remarkable plasticity that potentially permits the additional processing of tactile information in the visual cortical areas.
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