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Making Progress Toward Part-Time Faculty Equity

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The California Community College system’s over-reliance upon part-time faculty is the most chronic and systemic inequity of teaching in the California community colleges. Although the Education Code deems part-time faculty temporary, part-time faculty are not only permanent but have comprised 70 percent of all California community college faculty for over two decades (figure 1). Furthermore, California law does not require part-time faculty be paid for anything beyond the classroom hour, and current law limits a part-time workload to 67 percent of an equivalent full-time load in a single district.
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6 WWW.FACCC.ORG | SPRING 2020 | FACCCTS
The California Community College system’s over-reliance
upon part-time faculty is the most chronic and systemic
inequity of teaching in the California community colleges.
Although the Education Code deems part-time faculty temporary,
part-time faculty are not only permanent but have comprised 70
percent of all California community college faculty for over two

part-time faculty be paid for anything beyond the classroom hour,
and current law limits a part-time workload to 67 percent of an

Making Progress
Toward Part-Time

by Debbie Klein
FACCCTS | SPRING 2020 | WWW.FACCC.ORG 7

will allow colleges to better serve students, achieve


order to make progress, the California Community
College system will need to invest in the following
changes:
»Make measurable and incremental progress
-


»
community college policy and programs,




»Meaningfully address the two-tiered system
in which the majority of faculty must function
under unjust and physically exhausting condi-

»Support the elimination of practices that margin-
alize part-time faculty so that student outcomes


How Did We Get Here?

between full- and part-time faculty date back to the



structure had a corrosive effect on students
but never exercised leadership to eliminate it



limiting part-time faculty for credit instruction

the system’s goal of 75 percent credit instruction
taught by full-time faculty into the Education

approved measures establishing state funds to


in the early 2000s by a line-item in the state budget


These efforts continued in more recent history,

Student Success Act linking student success
to access to faculty, along with a call for more
full-time faculty and increased support of part-time




upon the community college system to prioritize







progress in the percent of instruction taught by

Part-time faculty, with identical academic

are hired to prepare, teach, and assess their

>> continued on page 8
Figure 1: Data retrieved from the Chancellor's Office
8 WWW.FACCC.ORG | SPRING 2020 | FACCCTS
>> continued on page 22
Making Progress Toward Part-Time Faculty Equity | Continued from page 7
even though many colleges do not provide


of advocating for part-time faculty rights and



conversations about creating a statewide system
and culture that fosters respect, inclusion,

Making Progress: Lifting the Part-time
Workload Limit



is something our faculty, students, other
stakeholders, and community members can

The long-standing practice of limiting the load
taught by individual part-time faculty, currently
set at 67 percent of a full-time load, is a sacred

we need more full-time faculty to serve our

faculty teach at least 75 percent credit classroom
instruction was memorialized as a goal in the



the percentage of credit instruction by part-time
faculty has increased rather than decreased,

over the same period, the faculty head count has
stayed remarkably steady at around 70 percent


75 percent full-time faculty goal, the system
has also failed to make progress on part-time

embraced when it initiated, nearly 20 years ago,
three community college budget line items funding


sources have been subject to severe reductions
whenever state revenues falter and have only
rarely been restored when the overall revenue


success and so reliant on a part-time workforce
be so reluctant to provide essential budgetary

leaders have been willing partners in the state’s
exploitation of part-time faculty and unwilling
to do all they can to address the needs of our

The literature concludes that student access to and


of research on the importance of faculty to student



faculty are under contract and compensated
for maintaining such contact, but part-time
faculty, who teach almost half of the courses


part-time faculty do make themselves accessible,


success, it should be shocking to see that many
colleges have turned their backs on the state
funding, however meager, provided for part-time


paid at a rate much less than the full-time

of health care, professional development activities,
and personal leave allowances, many part-time
faculty are forced into a frenetic work life of

This leaves only a minimal amount of time and
energy for consultation with students, which is so

22 WWW.FACCC.ORG | SPRING 2020 | FACCCTS
Making Progress Toward Part-Time Faculty Equity | Continued from page 8

this current two-tier system in which the majority
of faculty must function under such stressful


strain on service to students and the colleges? Are
we comfortable with this situation?



teach a larger load at one college, these could all
occur:
»
faculty availability;
»-

»
»More faculty participation in shared governance;
»Greater faculty integration into the life of the
college;
»Part-time positions would become more
appealing and would attract more talent;
»Part-time positions and faculty would be more
stable;
»
a more viable career choice;
»
»Part-time faculty would be professionally
supported and could support themselves;
»

»Scheduling fewer part-time faculty would save
districts time and money;
»
part-time faculty to teach courses
What Can You Do Now?



»



Meanwhile, contact your local representatives in


community colleges are attempting to become

remain complacent under this permanent two-tier

impact on our students, the corporatized model


Community college faculty and their representative
organizations are re-envisioning community


best practices for student learning, engagement,
growth, and success, it should also lead the way in
implementing best practices for part-time faculty

Some of the ideas presented in this article have been
published in previous FACCC venues. I want to thank Rich
Hansen, Mary Ellen Goodwin, and Deirdre Frontczak for
collaborating on previous pieces focusing on part-time
faculty equity.
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