GUIDE TO GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICES (GMP) REQUIREMENTS FOR CINNAMON PROCESSORS (Sinhala Version) (කුරුඳු නිශ්පාදකයන් සඳහා වූ යහපත් පිරිසැකසුම්කරන පිළිවෙත් (GMP) පිලිබඳ මාර්ගෝපදේශය)

Full text

l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ
hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a ms<sn|
ud¾f.damfoaYh
(GMP)
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ
hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a (GMP) ms<sn|
ud¾f.damfoaYh

'

l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ
hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a (GMP) ms<sn|
ud¾f.damfoaYh
l;D
wdpd¾h bf¾Id fukaäia
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn| WmfoaYl (UNIDO)
yd fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h
wdydr úoHd yd ;dlaIK fomd¾;fïka;=j" lDIsl¾u mSGh
fmardfoKsh úYajúoHd,h

m%ldYs; j¾Ih - 2016
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a l¾udka; ixj¾Ok uKav,h ^UNIDO&"
YS% ,xld l=¿nvq uKav,h ^The Spice Council of Sri Lanka&
iu`. tlaj fuu .%ka:h m%ldYkhg m;alrk ,§'
ISBN 978-955-3959-00-3

03
mgqk
msgqj
fuu .%ka: m%ldYklfhys wruqK 05
foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdydr fj<\fï§ wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh (Food Safety) ;yjqre
lsÍfï jeo.;alu 06
wdydr wdrCIs;Ndjh ms<sn| jQ wdydr m%ñ;Ska yd tu m%ñ;s iy;sllrKfha jeo.;alu
yd N+ñldj 08
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh iy;sl lsÍu i`oyd uQ,sl wä;d,ula f,i hym;a msßieliqïlrK
ms<sfj;a (GMP) j, jeo.;alu' 10
YS% ,xldfõ l=re`ÿ l¾udka;hg GMP j, wod,;ajh yd jákdlu 10
l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh GMP m%ñ;shg wkql+,j isÿ lsÍug mss<smeÈh hq;=
hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms,sfj;a
1' wdydr ksIamdok fyda msßieliqïlrK wdh;k - ie,eiau yd myiqlï
Aia:dkh 12
Bf.dvke.s,s yd msßieliqïlrK mßY% 13
CmsßieliqïlrK ia:dkfha we;s WmlrK yd fuj,ï 14
D msßieliqïlrK ia:dkh msßisÿ lsÍug yd úIîckdYkhg we;s myiqlï 15
2' iajia:;djhg wkql+,j isÿlrk msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh
AwuqøjH ,nd.ekSfï§ ie,lsh hq;= lreKq 19
Byria ¥ykh je,elaùu 20
CmsßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh wëCIKh lsÍu 21
DksIamdos; weiqreïlrKh 21
EmsßieliqïlrKh l< l=reÿ .nvd lsÍu 22
FmsßieliqïlrKh lrk ,o l=re`ÿ m%jdykh 23
GmsßieliqïlrKh lrk ,o ksIamdÈ; j, idïm, ,nd .ekSu yd tajd ms<sn`o
mÍlaIK jd¾;d ,nd .ekSu 23
HmsßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh f,aLk.; lsÍu yd jd¾;d ;nd .eksu 24
3' msßieliqïlrk mßY%h ;=, iajia:;dj ia:dms; lsÍu
AmßY%h kv;a;= lsÍu 24
Biajia:;d md,k jev ms<sfj, 24
Cw;=re ksIamdok 25
DwmøjH /ialr ;eîu iy bj;a lsÍu 25
E.DywdY%s; i;a;ajhka ksIamdok mßY%fhka bj;a lr ;eîu 26
Fm<sfndaO md,kh 26
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

04
4' mqoa., iajia:;dj iy ukd fi!LHhla mj;ajdf.k hdu i`oyd jq wjYH;djka
Afndajk frda. ks¾Kh i`oyd mj;ajk ffjoH mÍCIK 27
Bmqoa., yeisÍu 28
Cwd.ka;=lhska 29
5' l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; ms<sn`o f;dr;=re iy jd¾;d mj;ajdf.k hdu
AksIamdÈ; ms<sn`o f;dr;=re iy úl=Kq ksIamdÈ; kej; wdh;khg
f.kajd .ekSu' 29
BksIamdÈ;hkag ldKav wxl fhdod yÿkd .ekSu 30
Cjd¾;d ;nd .ekSu 30
6' GMP ms<sn| mqyqKq lsÍï 31
7' l=re÷ j.d lsÍu 31
YS% ,xld m%ñ;s ld¾hdxYh (SLSI) u`.ska ksl=;a lr we;s GMP m%ñ;sh weiqfrka l=re`ÿ
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha iajia:;djh ;yjqre lr.kafka yd tu msßieliqï
ls%hdj,sh GMP m%ñ;sh i`oyd iy;sl lr.kafka flfia o@ 33
GMP m%ñ;s iy;slh ;=,ska l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrejka i`oyd ,nd.; yels m%fhdack' 34
bÈß oelau 34
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

fuu .%ka: m%ldYklfhys wruqK
YS% ,xldfjys wdydr ksIamdok l¾udka;h ld,h;a iuÕ iS>%fhka ÈhqKq ;;a;ajhg
m;afjñka mj;sk w;r wdydr msßieliqïlrejkaf.a .Kko miq.sh ld,h ;=< l%ufhka
jeäù we;' fuu j¾Okhg iu.dój wdydrj, wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍu i|yd
ls%hdud¾.hka ia:dms; l< hq;= w;r ta ms<sn|j n,OdÍkaf.a mQ¾K wjOdkh fhduq ù we;'
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djfha isÿjk hïlsis fyda wvqmdvqjla ksid foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdydr
fj<\ug wys;lr n,mEï we;sùfuka fuu l¾udka;fhka rgg Wmhk wdodhu wvqùug
bv we;' fuu wjOdku wvqlsÍfï wruqKska wdydr ksIamdolhka yd msßieliqïlrejka
úiska ms<smeÈh hq;= wdydr iajia:;djh (Food Hygiene) ms<sn| l%ufõohka ksfhda. f,i
2012 j¾Ifha isg kS;s.; lr we;' tfukau wdydr msßieliqïlrKfhys" m%jdykfhys"
fnodyeÍfuys" yeisrùfuys yd úlsKSfuys kshq;= mqoa.,hska wdydr iajia:;djh yd ne÷kq
uQ,sl lreKq ms<sn|j oekqula ,nd ;sîuo wfmalaId lrhs' wdydr iajia:;djh ms<sn|j jQ
fuu ksfhda. l=re÷ msßieliqïlrejkago wod, fõ' úfoaYSh fj<|fmd<g l=re÷ imhk
m%Odku rg jYfhka wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lrñka úfoaYSh fj<|fmdf<ys
;rÕldß;ajhg uqyqK §ug l=re÷ ieliqïlrejka yd wmkhklrejka ukd wjOdkhla
fhduql, hq;=j we;' fuu fmd;a msxfpys m%Odk wruqK jkafka l=re÷ msßieliqïlrKfhys
fhfok mqoa.,hska yg hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a ia:dms; lsÍug;a yd mj;ajdf.k
hdug;a ud¾f.damfoaYh ,nd§uhs'
tu ms<sfj;a yd l%ufõohka ms<sme§u ;=,ska l=re÷ msßieliqïlrKfha§ l=re÷ ÿykhg
,laúh yels ffcj" ridhksl yd fN!;sl Wmøjldrl (Hazards) je<elaùu fyda md,kh
lsÍu l< yel' l=re÷ msßieliqïlrKfhys kshe<S isák yd hym;a msßieliqïlrK
ms<sfj;a (GMP) j,g wkql+,j tu ls%hdj,sh isÿjk njg iy;slhla ,nd.ekSug Wkkaÿ
ish¿ wdh;k fyda md¾Yjhka yg fuu fmdf;ys wvx.= lr we;s lreKq wod, fõ' tuÕska
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh (Food Safety) ;yjqre lr .ekSug uÕ ie,fikq we;'
fuu fmd;a msxp uqøKh lr t<s oelaùug uQ,Huh wdOdr imhkq ,enqfõ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
l¾udka; ixúOdkh (UNIDO) uÕsks' tu uq,H wdOdrh UNIDO - WTO -TSC kï jQ jHdmD;sh
yryd ,ndfok ,§' tu jHdmD;sh YS% ,xldj ;=< fufyhjkq ,nkafka YS% ,xld l=¿nvq
uKav,h (The Spice Council) uÕsks'
05
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

06
foaYSh yd úfoaYSh wdydr fj<\fï§ wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh (Food Safety) ;yjqre lsÍfï
jeo.;alu
wdrlaIs; wdydrhla hkq Wmøjldrlj,ska f;drjQ yd wdydr wkqNjfhka miqj
mdßfNda.slhdg lsisu Wjÿrla" Wmøjhla fyda wmyiqjla we;s fkdlrk wdydrhls' wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djhg ;¾ck muqKqjk Wmøjldrl uQ,sl jYfhka ffcj" ridhksl yd fN!;sl
jYfhka j¾.SlrKh l< yels w;r tu Wmøjldrl wdydr ksIamdok ls%hdj,sfha ´kEu
wjia:djl§ wdydr ÿykh lsÍug odhl úh yel' fuu Wmøjldrl wdydrj,g ñY%ùu
ksid wdydr uÕska je<fok yd fndajk f,v frda.j,g uÕ mEfoa'
Wmøjldrl ñY%jQ yd ÿykh jQ wdydr wkqNjh ksid wdydr wdYs%; f,v frda. je<£fuka
wjqreÿ m;d oyia .Kkla urK f,dalh ;=< jd¾;d jk w;r tu ksid wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djh ;=<ska uyck fi!LH wdrlaId lsÍu ms<sn|j foaYShj" l,dmShj yd
wka;¾cd;Slj uy;a wjOdkhla fhduqù we;' f,dal fi!LH ixúOdkfha jd¾;dj,g wkqj
iEu uyoaùmhlu wdydrj,ska fndajk f,v frda. jHdma;ùu W.% m%Yakhla njg m;aj we;s
w;r rgj,a jYfhka .;a l< fuu f,v frda. jHdma;sfhys j¾Okhla miq.sh oYlh ;=<
fmkakqï lrhs' wdydr wdrlaIs;;djhg n,mEï muqKqjk uQ,sl fya;= w;=ßka laIqøÔúka
wdydr uÕska me;sÍu yd f,v frda. we;s lsÍu" úúO ls%hdj,shla ksid wdydr ksIamdokfha§
tl;=jk ridhksl øjH wdydrfhys by< m%udKj,ska mej;Su ksid isÿjk wdydr úiùï"
kj ;dlaIKsl wdydr ksIamdok l%u ^Wod( cdkuh fjkialsÍï ;=<ska ksIamdokh lrk
wdydr& Ndú;h ksid we;sjk hï whym;a ;;a;ajhka m%Odk ;ekla .kS' fuu n,mEï
yuqfõ foaYShj yd úfoaYShj isÿjk wdydr fj<\u wdrlaId lr.ekSu i|yd wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djhg wod,jQ ls%hdms<sfj;a yd wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍug bÈßm;a
lr we;s l<ukdlrK moaO;s (Food Safety Management systems) wkq.ukh lsÍug
f,dalh ;=< wjOdkh fhduq ù we;'
úúO rgj,aj, uyck fi!LH wêldß uKav,j,ska ksl=;a lr we;s jd¾;dj,g wkqj
miq.sh oYl foll ld,h ;=< l¾udka;lrKh jQ ÈhqKq rgj, wdydr wdYs%; frda. je<£u
b;du;a oreKq ù we;s w;r tu ;;a;ajh ñksidf.a fi!LHhg ydks lrk fya;= w;r uq,a
;ek .ksñka tu rgj, wd¾Ól j¾Okhg buy;a n,mEula we;slrñka mj;S' ixj¾Okh
fjñka mj;sk rgj,a j,o fuu ;;a;ajh tf,iu fyda jvd;a W.% ;;a;ajfhka mj;sk w;r
thg jvd meyeÈ,s WodyrKhla imhkqfha wdydr wdYs%; mdpk ;;a;ajhka ksid isÿjk
<ore urK ixLHdj b;du;a by< w.hl mej;Suhs' iq,nj mj;sk yd me;sr hk wdydr
wdYs%; f,v frda.j,g wu;rj w¿;ska u;=jk yd y÷kd.;a wdydr wdYs%; f,v frda.j, o
jeäùula fmkakqï lrk w;r tajd uyck fi!LH flfrys jeä n,mEula we;s lrk w;r
§¾>ld,Sk fi!LH .eg¿j,g mjd uÕ mdohs'
wdydr wdYs%; wdidok .ek úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï§ uQ,slju f;areï.; hq;= lreKla jkafka
iuyr ck fldÜGdihka fuu frda.j,g b;d blauKska f.dÿrejk nj;a" tu frda.j,g
úreoaOj igka lsÍug Tjqkaf.a YÍr ;;a;ajhka bv fkdi,ik nj;ah' thg fya;= jkafka
Tjqkaf.a YÍr ;=< tu wdidokj,g úreoaOj mj;ak m%;sYla;sh ySk ùuhs' .¾NkS
ujqjreka" uy¿ jhfia miqjkakka" orejka" ukaofmdaIKfhka fmf,k mqoa.,hka yd
m%;sYla;sh wvqlsÍug wod,jQ T!IO ,nd.kakd mqoa.,hska fuu .Khg wh;a fõ'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

07
wd¾Ól jYfhka ie,l+ l, wdydr wdYs%; frda. jHdma;sh wdydr l¾udka;hg" fi!LH
fiajdjkag yd ck iudchg úúO n,mEï t,a, lrk w;r j¾;udkfha tu wdidok
jeäùug fkdfhl=;a idOl fya;= ù we;' l¾udka;lrKh yd iïnkaO jQ Ôjk ;;a;ajh
Wiia ùu yd kd.ÍlrKh ixlS¾K wdydr iemhqïlrK moaO;shlg uÕ mdod we;'
tfukau úYd, mßudKfhka isÿjk wdydr ksIamdokh yd msßieliqïlrKh fukau b;d
iS.%fhka jeäfjñka mj;sk wdydr ms<s.kajk yd wf,úlrK ia:dk o fuu ;;a;ajhg
uQ,sl jYfhka uÕ mdod we;' tfukau wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh yd wdydr iajia:;djh
ms<sn|j msßieliqïlrejkaf.a we;s oekqu u|lu yd ta i|yd wdydr ksIamdok wdh;k
fhduqlrk wjOdkfha wvqlu wdydr ÿykh ùug n,mdk m%Odk lreKq w;r fõ'
cd;Hka;ÍlrKh jQ wdydr ksIamdokh yd fnodyeÍu wdydr wmkhkhg uy;a rel=,la
,ndfoa' újD; wd¾Ól iïnkaO;d yryd Yla;su;a jqkq cd;Hka;r wdydr fj<\u rglg
fndfyda m%;s,dN <Õdlr fok kuq;a wdydr wdrlaIs;;djhg wod, .eg¿ mek ke.Sug
fndfydaúg fya;= fõ' fndfyda Wmøjldrl fuu wka;¾cd;sl wdydr fj<\u yryd tl
rglska ;j;a rglg myiqfjkau jHdma; ùu fuhg m%Odk fya;=jhs' ixpdrl jHdmdrho
wdydr wdYs%; fndajk frda. jHdma;shg nyq,ju uÕ mdohs' tla rgl§ wdydr uÕska
wdidokh jQ mqoa.,fhl= fjk;a rglg tu frda.h jHdma; lsÍug jdylfhl= f,i
ls%hdlrhs'
fï wkQj wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍu cd;Hka;r jYfhka b;du;a jeo.;a
wNsfhda.hla njg j¾;udkfha m;aj we;' fuu wNsfhda.h ch.ekSug rgj,a w;r mj;sk
iduqysl;ajh yd iïnkaO;djh b;d jeo.;a lreKq fõ' thg fya;=j fï wruqK i|yd
cd;Hka;rj ms<s.;a m%ñ;Ska yd kS;s moaO;s ud,djla rgj,a w;r tlÕ;ajh u; ia:dms;
l< hq;=ùuhs' tfukau úúO rgj,aj, jd¾;djk wdydr wdYs%; frda. ms<sn|j we;s o;a; yd
úYaf,aIKhkao fuu m%ñ;Ska yd ksfhda. bÈßm;a lsÍug jeo.;a fõ' tfukau j¾;udk
mdßfNda.slhd ;=< mj;sk wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn|j we;s oekqu yd Wkkaÿj fuu
;;a;aj md,kh wksjd¾h lsÍug n,mdk uQ,sl lreKla njg m;aj we;'
wdydrj, .=Kd;auh yd wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre l< yels iy cd;Hka;rj ms<s.;a
m%ñ;Ska ms<s fkdme§u úfoaYSh wdydr fj<\fï§ iSudldß idOl njg m;afjñka mj;S' tu
ksid cd;Hka;r fj<\ug msúiSug yd fj<\fuys §¾>ld,Skj mej;Sug
msßieliqïlrejka yd wmkhklrejka fuu wjYH;djhka imqrd,Su w;HjYH fõ'
.%yKh l<hq;= b;d jeo.;a lreKla jkqfha wdydr wdrCIs;Ndjh ;yjqre lsÍu uQ,slju
wdydr ksIamdolhkaf.a yd msßieliqïlrejkaf.a j.lSula f,i ie,l=jo th wfkl=;a
md¾Yajhka o" iïnkao úh hq;= iduQysl j.lSula njhs' tkï m%d:ñl ksIamdolhka"
msßieliqïlrejka" wdydr mßyrKh lrkakka" mdßfNda.slhka yd wdydr l¾udka;h yd
ne÷k lghq;= kshdukh lrk n,Odßka yd wdh;k o fuu l¾;jHfha yjq,alrejka fõ'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

08
wdydr wdrCIs;Ndjh ms<sn| jQ wdydr m%ñ;Ska yd tu m%ñ;s iy;sllrKfha
jeo.;alu yd N+ñldj
wdydr wdrCIs;;djh l<ukdlrKh lsÍu ta yd iïnkaO úoHd;aul uQ,O¾u
wjfndaO lr.ekSu ;=<ska ls%hd;aul l< hq;= j.lSula fõ' tu`.ska wdydr j,ska je<fok
yd jHdma; jk frda. we;sùu j<lajd .ekSu myiq lrhs' tfia l< yels jkafka Wmøjldrl
y÷kd.ekSug;a" tajd u`.ska wdydr ÿykh hk wdldr ms<sn|j wjfndaOh ksid tajd j<lajd
.ekSug myiq ùuhs' ixlS¾K yd cd;Hka;ÍlrKh jQ wdydr iemhqï moaO;s i|yd
m%ñ;slrKh yd m%ñ;s iy;sllrKh b;du;a jeo.;a wx.fõ' fuu wjYH;djhg wkqj
cd;Hka;rj ms<s.;a wdydr wdrCIs;;djh ms<sn|j jQ l<uKdlrK moaO;Ska (Food Safety
Management Systems) yd iïnkaO m%ñ;s iy;sllKh m%p,sl fjñka mj;sk w;r iuyr
wjia:dj, tu iy;sl fkdue;sj úfoaYSh fj<\u l< fkdyels ;;a;ajhg m;a ù we;'
fuu l<ukdlrK moaO;Ska j, iqúfYaIS Ndjh jkafka tajd j, Wmøj yd wdidOk l,a
we;=ju j<lajd .ekSug wod< l%ufõohka iïmsKavkh lr ;sîuhs' ta wkqj fuu`.ska
Wjÿre we;sùug fmr y÷kd .ekSu" j<lajd .ekSug mshjr .eksu yd md,kh lsÍug
wod< jQ l%ufõohka imhhs' fuu l<ukdlrK moaO;s wdydr msßieliqïlrKfha§
ms<sme§u ;=<ska wdydr ksIamdolhskag yd msßieliqïlrejkag ;u ls%hdj,sh iajia:;djhg
wod,j mkjd we;s ksfhda. j,g wkql+,j mj;ajd f.k hdug bv m%ia:dj ,efnk w;r
ilik ,o wdydrj, wdrCIs;;djh o ;yjqre lrhs'
fuu m%ñ;Ska j, we;=<;a lr we;s wjYH;djhka w;r wuqøjH ndr.ekSu"
.nvdlrKh" msßieliqïlrKh" mßyrKh" weiqreïlrKh" m%jdykh" bj; oeóu yd
fnod y< wdydr kej; fj<|fmdf<ka fyda ñ,§.;a md¾Yaj j,ska f.kajd .ekSug wod<
ksjerÈ l%ufõohka uQ,sl ;ek .kS' tfukau wdydr msßieliqïlrejka yd wëCIljreka
;=< ;sìh hq;= oekqu yd ksmqK;djhka ms<sn|jo" ieliqïlrejkaf.a fyd| mqreÿ yd fi!LH
;;a;ajhka" ieliqïldrl mßY% msßisÿ lsÍu yd úIîckdYkh yd msßieliqïlrK mßY%h
ukdj mj;ajd f.k hdu ms<sn| l%ufõohka o fï w;r fõ'
wdydr wdrCIs;;djh i|yd jQ l<ukdlrK moaO;s w;ßka nyq,ju Ndú;d jk
moaê;s jkafka hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a (GMP), Wmøjldrl wdydr j,g tlaùug
fmr tajd j, úNj uQ,dY% md,kh lsÍu ;=<ska tajd j<lajd .ekSug l%ufõohka imhk
HACCP, ISO 22000 yd FSSC 22000 fõ' fïjd w;=ßka GMP hkq wfkl=;a l<ukdlrK
moaO;Skag idfmaCIj myiqfjka ms<smeÈh yels l%ufõohka w;=<;a lr we;s ls%hdj,shls'
fuys§ uQ,slju wjOdkh fhduq lr we;af;a msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=< wdydr iajia:;d
wjYH;djhka imqrd,Su u`.ska wdydr wdrCIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍuhs'
HACCP l<ukdlrK moaO;sfh GMP j,g idfmaCIj Wmøjldrl wdydrhg
we;=<;aùug yd ÿykh ùu je<elaùug úoHd;aulj wjfndaO lr.;a l%fudamdh ud¾.
l%shdj,shla f,i bÈßm;a lr we;' fuys§ isÿjkqfha uq,skau uq¿ ksIamdok yd
msßieliqïlrK l%shdj,shu úYaf,aIKhg Ndckh lr tla tla msßieliqïlrK
l%shdjkays§ ffcj" ridhksl" fN!;sl Wmøjldrl wdyrhg tla lrk úNj uQ,dY% y÷kd
.ekSuhs' tu úNj uQ,dY% ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfuka yd tajd md,kh lsÍu ;=<ska tajd
u`.ska isÿjk wdydr ÿykh j<lajd .; yel' fuu l%shdj,sh wuqøjH ,nd .ekSfï
wjia:dfõ isg wdydrh mßfNda.slhd olajd .uka lrk wjia:dj olajd yuqjk iEu úNj
uQ,dY%hlau md,kh lrhs'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

09
HACCP l<ukdlrK moaO;sfhys uQ,O¾u yd wjYH;djhka ms<sme§fuka wdydr
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha§ b;du;a id¾:lj wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre l< yel'
fndfyda wdydr msßieliqïlrK wdh;k j, HACCP moaO;sh b;du;a id¾:lj
wkq.ukh lrhs' ISO 22000, FSSC 22000 jeks miqj bÈßm;a jqkq wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh
ms<sn`oj l<ukdlrK moaO;sj, o uQ,O¾uh jkafka HACCP yd uQ,O¾uhhs' kuq;a fuu
moaO;s j,g HACCP moaO;shg jvd ms<ss.ekSula we;af;a fuu moaO;sj, msßieliqïlrK
ls%hdj,shg wu;rj iajia:;d wjYH;d" ;;a;aj l<ukdlrKh jeks wjYH;djka ms<sn`oj
o wjOdkh fhduq lr we;s w;r ta wjYH;djhka o imqrd,Su ;=<ska wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh
;yjqre lsÍug mq¿,a wjYH;d lafIa;%hla wkq.ukh lrhs'
hï wdydr ksIamdok wdh;khl ksIamdÈ;j,g wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn`o
m%ñ;s iy;slh ,nd .ekSu ta ms<sn`oj Wkkaÿjla olajk md¾Yajj,g tu ksIamdÈ;h
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍug wjYH wjYH;d imqrd we;s njg idlaIshla fõ'
fuu iy;sllrKh l< l,ukdlrK moaO;s wkq.ukh lsÍfuka wdh;khg m%;s,dN
/ila w;alr .; yel' tajd w;=ßka m%Odk ;ek .kqfha wdydr ksIamdÈ;j, ixhq;sh fyda
wfkl=;a mrdñ;shka fjkia fkdú §¾>ld,Skj tu ksIamdokh l< yels ùu;a" ksIamdÈ;
mdßfNda.slhd yd wfkl=;a wod, md¾Yaj n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk wdydr wdrlaIs;;djhg wod,
.=Khka yd wjYH;djhkag wkql+< ùu;a h'
óg wu;rj uq¿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,shu jd¾;d.; lr we;s neúka th
l<ukdlrKhg;a" wëlaIKhg;a myiq jk w;r tu jd¾;dj,ska imhk o;a; u`.ska
wdydr msßieliqïlrKh Bg wod, ksfhda.j,g yd m%ñ;Skag wkqj isÿjk nj fmkajd Èh
yel' fuu moaO;Ska ;=, isÿjk ls%hdldrlï tlsfkl yd ne`§ mj;sk w;r hï tla
ls%hdj,shl isÿjk wvqmdvqjla iuia: ls%hdj,shu wvmK lsÍug odhl jkq we;' tuksid
iEu ls%hdldrlula ms<sn`oj u mQ¾K wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=j we;' fuys we;s b;du;au
Okd;aul ,laIKhla jkafka uq¿ ieliqïlrK ls%hdj,shu yd tajd md,kh l< hq;=
wdldrh f,aLK .; lr we;s ksid fiajlhkag ta ms<sn`oj ukd wjfndaOhla ;sìuhs'
Èkm;d fyda f;dard.;a ld, mrdij, wjYH;djhka imqrd,Su ;yjqre lrkq jia igyka
jd¾;d mj;ajd .ekSu ksid hï fjkila fyda wvqmdvqjla msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh ;=<
isÿùug we;s bvlv b;du;a w,am fõ' tfukau uq¿ ieliqïlrK ls%hdj,shu ukd
l<ukdlrKhla yd md,khla iys;j ls%hd;aul jk ksid ksIamdÈ;j, wvqmdvqlï
we;sùug we;s bvlv b;du;a iSñ; fõ' fuu`.ska ksIamdÈ; bj; oeóula isÿfkdjk ksid
ksIamdok ls%hdj,sh ;=, msßjeh - M,odhS;djh o ,`.d lr .; yel'
ie,iqïiy.;j l,ska l,g isÿlrk wdydr wdrlaIsl;djh yd ne`ÿKq
l<ukdlrK moaO;s ú.Kkh ;=,ska m%ñ;sfha i`oyka lr we;s wjYH;djhka §¾>ld,Skj
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh ;=, ls%hd;aul jk nj ;yjqre lr .; yel' fuu
l<ukdlrK moaO;s ú.Kkh wdh;kfha fiajlhska úiska ^wka;¾ ú.Kkh& fyda ú.Kk
fiajd imhk yd iy;sllrKfha fhfok wdh;k ,jd ^;=kajk md¾Yajhla yryd isÿ
lrk ú.kk& fyda isÿlrjd .; yel' fuu iy;sllrKfha fhfok wdh;kj,ska ,nd
fok m%ñ;s ;;a;aj iy;sl cd;Hka;r jYfhka ms<s.kakd w;ru wdydr wrlaIs;;djh
;yjqre lsßug iy;slhla f,i fhdod .; yel' óg wu;rj fuu l<ukdlrK moaO;s
ú.kKhg Ndckh lsÍfuka msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha isÿjk wvqmdvqlï y`ÿkdf.k
tajd ksjerÈ lsÍug;a" ls%hdj,s l<ukdlrKh wLKavj ÈhqKq lsÍug;a yelshdj ,efí'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

10
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh iy;sl lsÍu i`oyd uQ,sl wä;d,ula f,i hym;a
msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a (GMP) j, jeo.;alu'
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh l<ukdlrKh lrk ls%hdj,sfha § msßieliqïlrK
mßY%fha iajia:;djh md,kh lsÍu ;=,ska wdydr Wmøjldrl u`.ska ÿykh ùu fndfya
ÿrg j,lajd .; yel' fuu GMP ls%hdj,sfha § wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍug
ir, ls%hdud¾. lSmhla .; hq;= fõ' fuys wka;¾.; ls%hdud¾.j,ska ijia:;d ksfhda. yd
iajia:;d ud¾f.damfoaY wdjrKh lrkq ,nhs' fuu wjYH;djhka ´kEu wdydr
msßieliqïlrKfha fhfok wdh;khlg wod, fõ'
wdydr msßieliqïlrKfha § iajia:;djh ;yjqre lsÍu i`oyd wjOdkh fhduq l<
hq;= yd md,kh l< hq;= lreKq f,i wdh;kfha msysàu yd ie,eiau" iajia:;djh ;yjqre
lsÍu i`oyd we;s myiqlï" WmlrK ia:dk.; lsÍu yd mj;ajdf.k hdu"
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha md,kh l< hq;= wjYH;d" msßieliqïlrK mßY%h msßisÿ
lsÍu yd úIîckdYkh" fiajlhkaf.a fm!oa.,sl msßisÿlu yd hym;a fi!LH ;;a;ajh"
m%jdykh" ksIamdÈ; j, f;dr;=re f,aLK yd jd¾;d .; lsÍu" wdydr wdrlaIs;;dj
ms<sn`o mqyqKqj ,nd §u fuu GMP m%ñ;sfha we;=,;a fõ' fuu ls%hdj,shka l%udkql+,j isÿ
lsÍu ;=,ska wdydr ¥ykh je,elafjk w;r wjidkfha § wdrlaIs; wdydrhla ksIamdokh
lsÍu ;=<ska tu ksIamdÈ; Ndú;fhka mdßfNda.slhdg isÿúh yels Wmøj j,lajd,hs'
fuu m%ñ;sh tla;rd wdldrhlg ;;a;aj iy;slhla f,io ie,lsh yel' thg
fya;= jkafka fuu l%udkql+,j yd md,khlska hq;=j isÿ lrk msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh
ksid ksIamdÈ; j, mrdñ;shka §¾>ld,Skj fkdfjkiaj mj;ajd .; yels ùuhs' tu`.ska
mdßfNda.slhd tu ksIamdÈ;h ;=,ska wfmalaId lrk wruqKq imqrd .; yels fõ' jeo.;a
lreKla jkqfha fuu GMP wjYH;djhka hïlsis wdydr ksIamdok wdh;khlg HACCP
iy;slh ,nd .ekSug wjYH uQ,sl wä;d,j iemhSuhs'
YS% ,xldfõ l=re`ÿ l¾udka;hg GMP j, wod,;ajh yd jákdlu
YS% ,xldfõ l=¿nvq l¾udka;h rfÜ wd¾Ólhg b;d jeo.;a odhl;ajhla imhhs'
YS% ,xldfõ wmkhk m%j¾Ok uKav,h u`.ska bÈßm;a lr we;s jd¾;dj,g wkqj YS%
,xldfõ l=¿nvqj,g f,dalfha fndfyda rgj, b;du;a by< b,a¨ula mj;S' úfYaIfhkau
ngysr rgj, YS% ,xldfõ l=¿nvq i`oyd b;du;a by< b,a¨ula mj;sk w;r thg fya;=j ù
we;af;a YS% ,xldfõ ksIamdÈ; l=¿nvqj, we;s wdfõKsl ;;a;aj ,laIK fõ' YS% ,xldfõ
ksIamdÈ; l=re`ÿ" .ïñßia" lrouqx.=" lrdUqkeá" idÈlald" jidjdis yd jeks,d úfoaYSh
fj<`ofmdf,a b;d m%p,s; jk w;r tajd i`oyd we;s b,a¨u Èfkka Èku by< hñka mj;S'
fuu l=¿nvq ksIamdok w;r l=re`ÿ m%Odk ;ekla .kakd w;r j¾;udkfha úfoaYsh
fj<`ofmd,g l=re`ÿ imhk m%Odk rg njg YS% ,xldj m;a ù we;'
l=r`ÿ hkq b;d fyd`o fj<`ofmd< úNjhla we;s fnda.hls' thg fya;== jkafka
úfoaYsh by< b,a¨ug wu;rj th fnda.hla jYfhka úúO mdxY= ;;a;aj yd foaY.=Ksl
;;a;ajhkag Tfrd;a;= foñka idrj;aj j.d l< yels ùuhs' l=re`ÿ j.djg YS% ,xldj ;=,
§¾> b;sydihla we;s w;r j¾:udkfha th zzYS% ,xldfõ l=re`ÿZZ (Pure Ceylon Cinnamon)
jYfhka úfoaYSh fj<`ofmdf<ys ;u wkkH;djh ;yjqre lrf.k we;'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

11
l=re`ÿ ñ,§ .kakka tjd úúO Ndú;hka i`oyd fhdod .kS' wdydruh jeo.;alu
ie,l+ úg l=re`ÿ fndfyda rgj, wdydr rildrlhla f,i fhdod .kS' tfukau j¾:udkfha
l=re`ÿ mdkhla f,i o fndfyda rgj, m%p,s; fjñka mj;S' thg fya;= ù we;af;a l=re`ÿ j,
wvx.= ix>glhka ñksia isref¾ fi!LH ;;a;ajh j¾Okh lsÍug yd f,vfrda. md,khg
jeo.;a jk nj mÍlaIKj,ska ikd: ù ;sîuhs' wdydr ;=,ska ksfrda.S fi!LH ;;a;ajhla
,nd .ekSug wfmalaId lrk j¾;udk mdßfNda.slhd fuu l=re`ÿj, jeo.;alu ms<sn`oj
ukd wjOdkfhka miqfjhs' l=re`ÿ i`oyd we;s úfoaYSh fj<`ofmd, úYaf,aIKh lsßfï §
ie,lsh hq;= lreKla jkafka iuyr rgj,a j, YS% ,xldfõ ksIamdokh lrk l=reÿ j,g
we;s b,a¨ug wjOdkula mek ke`.s we;s njhs' fuhg fya;= ù we;af;a ;;a;ajfhka nd,
l=re`ÿ wdfoaYlhla jk leidjd (Cassava) l=re`ÿ fjkqjg ñ,§ .ekSug tu rgj,a fm<ö
;sîuhs' tfukau iuyr rgj,a j, wf,ú lrk YS% ,xldfõ ksIamdokh lrk ,o l=re`ÿj,
m%ñ;s iy;sl fkdue;s ùu o fuu b,a¨u my< hdug n,md we;'
wdydr hg;g .efkk l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; j, ;;a;ajh yd wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre
lsÍu tu ksIamdÈ; j,g úfoaYsh fj<`ofmdf<a fyd`o b,a¨ula ,eîug fya;= fõ' tfia
fkdue;s jqjfyd;a ,dlaIKsl ;;a;aj mrdñ;shka ;sìh § mjd tu ksIamdÈ;j,g úfoaYSh
fj<`ofmdf,a ksrka;rfhkau mj;sk ;r`.ldÍ;ajhg uqyqK §ug fkdyels jkjd fukau
§¾>ld,Skj fj<`odu mj;ajdf.k hduo ÿIalr jkq we;' fuhg fya;=j jkafka j¾:udk
f,dalfha mek ke`.S we;s wdydr wdYs%; frda. wdidOk nyq, ùu ksid wdydr ksIamdÈ; j,
;;a;ajh yd wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lr.kq jia fkdfhl=;a ksfhda." kS;s yd m%ñ;s iy;sl
bÈßm;a lr ;sîuhs' úfoaYSh fj<`ofmdf,a ;r`.ldÍj /`§ isàug kï fuu wjYH;d
imqrd,Su w;HdjYH fõ'
YS% ,xldfõ l=re`ÿ l¾udka;h wOHhkh l< úg fmks hkafka l=re`ÿ j.dj yd
msßieliqïlrKh úYd, jYfhka isÿ jkafka l=vd yd uOHu mßudK j,ska njhs' fuu
;;a;aj hgf;a l=re`ÿ ksIamdolhkag .eg¿ /ilg uqyqK §ug isÿfõ' tajd w;=ßka wêl
ksIamdok úhou" wvq ksIamdok Odß;dj" ;;a;ajh ms<sn`o .eg¿ yd m%ñ;s iy;sl ,nd
.ekSug uqo,a fjka lsÍug we;s fkdyelshdj uQ,sl fõ' fuu lreKq ksid úfoaYSh
fj<`ofmd,g ksIamdÈ; iemhSu YS% ,dxlSl l=re`ÿ ksIamdolhdg wNsfhda.hlaj mj;S'
fuu ksIamdok iSudldÍ idOl yuqfõ wdydr wdrlaIs;;d l<ukdlrK moaO;s
ia;dms; lsÍug ksIamdolhska fndfyda úg fkdfm<fò' kuq;a tfia fkdue;sj l¾udka;hg
hym;a wkd.;hla ,nd Èh fkdyels nj l¾udka;lrejka f;areï .; hq;=j we;' ta wkqj
YS% ,xldfõ l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrejkag b;d iqÿiq jkafka wdrïNhla f,i GMP m%ñ;shg
wkql+,j ls%hd ms<sfj;a ilia lr tu m%ñ;shg ;u ksIamdÈ; iy;sllrKh lsÍuhs'
fuu`.ska wdydr iajia:;d wjYH;djhkag wkql+,j wdydr msßieliqïlrKh lr wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsßug yelshdj ,efí' fuu GMP wjYH;d imqrd,Sfï § l=re`ÿ
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha iEu wjia:djla ms<sn`oju wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= fõ' tu tla
tla mshjrhkayS § Wmøjldrl tl;= lrk úNj uQ,dY% y`ÿkdf.k tajd wdydr ijia:;d
uQ,O¾uj,g wkqj md,kh l< hq;= fõ'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh GMP m%ñ;shg wkql+,j isÿ lsÍug
mss<smeÈh hq;= hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms,sfj;a
1' wdydr ksIamdok fyda msßieliqïlrK wdh;k - ie,eiau yd myiqlï
Aia:dkh
mdßißl jYfhka ¥Is; jQ fyda ld¾ólrKh jQ m%foaYj, wdydr wdh;k msysgqùfuka
myiqfjka wdydr ¥ykhg ,laúh yel' tuksid wdh;k msysgqùfï§ mßirfhka wdydrhg
tlaúh yels wmøjH yd Wmøjldrl ms<sn|j yd tAjd wdydrhg tl;=lrk úNj uQ,dY%
ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduql< hq;=h' tfukau tu uQ,dY% md,kh lsÍu i`oyd ls%hd;aul
lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ls%hdud¾. j, id¾:l;ajh ms<sn|j o oekqj;a úh hq;=h'
wdydr ksIamdok fyda msßieliqïlrK wdh;kh ia:dms; lrk ia:dkh
¥ú,sj,ska" ÿfuka yd wys;lr .kaOhkaf.ka f;dr úh hq;=h' b;d jeo.;au
lreKla jkafka tu ia:dkh ;=< tl;=jk >k" øj fyda jdhquh wmøjH
myiqfjka bj;a l, yels ùuhs'
l.xj;=r we;sjk m%foAY fï i|yd f;dard.; fkd.; hq;=h' thg fya;=j jkafka j;=r
tl;=jk ia:dkj, myiqfjka m,sfndaOlhka j¾Okh ùu;a" úúO ud¾.j,ska tu
ms,sfndaOlhka wdydrhg tl;=ùug;a bvlv ie,fik neúks'
lmsßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=, j;=r tl;=ùu je,elaùug ldkq moaO;shla we;sl,
hq;=h' tu ldkq moaO;sh wjg mßirhg ksrdjrKh fkdúh hq;= w;r myiqfjka
mú;% l, yels úh hq;=h'
lwdydr msßieliqïlrK wdh;kh msysá mßY%hg jdyk we;=,a jkafka kï tu ud¾.
fldkalS%Ü fyda ;dr oud ilia lsÍfuka msßieliqïlrK ia:dkhg ¥ú,s fyda mia
we;=¨ ùu j,lajd.; yel'
lwdydr msßieliqïlrK wdh;kh msysá mßY%h jeglska fyda ;dmamhlska fjkal,
hq;=h' tu.ska tu ia:dkhg i;=ka fyda úúO mqoa.,hska we;=,aùu md,kh l< yel'
12
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

f.dvke.s,s j, ieleiau ukd jHqyhlska yd Yla;su;a wuqøjH fhdod bÈlr
;sìh hq;=h' tu ie,iqï ks¾udKh msßieliqïlrk ia:dkh ukdj msßisÿ
lsÍug;a yd mj;ajdf.k hdug;a yd wjYH jQ úfgl úIîckdYkhg;a bv
ie,ish hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrK mßY%h msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha úúO wjia:djka fnod fjka
jk mßÈ ks¾udKh l< hq;=h' fuu.ska msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,s w;r isÿúh yels
yria ¥ykh j<lajd.; yel' WodyrKhla f,i wuqøjH j,ska ksIamdÈ; ¥ykh úh
yels neúka tAjd wksjd¾hfhkau fjkalr ;eìh hq;=h'
lM,odhs f,i yd iajia:;djh /flk mßÈ hï msßieliqïlrK ls%hdjla isÿlsÍu
i|yd tu ia:dkh m%udKj;a bvmyiqlï ,efnk mßÈ ks¾udKh l< hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrK mßY%hg m,sfndaOlhka yd ¥yk øjH we;=,aùu$r\ isàu
je<elafjk mßÈ th ks¾udKh l< hq;=h' tfukau tu mßY%h jdiia:dk" jeisls,s yd
i;=ka we;slrk m%foaYj,g iDcqj újD; fkdúh hq;=h'
lfodrj,a ;=<ska m,sfndaOlhka we;=¨ùu je<elaùug mshjr .;hq;=h' fodrj,a újD;
lr ;nkafka kï rn¾ l¾gka jeks l%u j,ska th md,kh l< yelsh' jvd;au iqÿiq
l%uh jkafka iajhxlS%hj jefik fodrj,a iúlsÍuhs' tfukau tu fodrj,a ksjerÈj
jefik yd levqï ìÿï j,ska f;drúh hq;=h'
lisú,su iquqÿ u;=msgla iys;j" isÿrej,ska f;drj yd ukdj msßisÿ l< yels whqßka
ks¾udKh l< hq;=h'
lmßY%fha we;s ì;a;s iquqÿ u;=msgla iys;" c,frdaOl yd isÿrej,ska f;dr úh hq;=h'
lì;a;sj, lDóka" ¥ú,s" ul=¿oe,a fyda .e,ù jefgk ;Ska; m;=re fkd;sìh hq;=h'
tfukau ì;a;sj,g ,d mdg ;Ska; wdf,am lr ;sîu u.ska wmøjH tl;=ùu myiqfjka
wëCIKh l< yel'
lisú,su yd mßY%fha by<ska iúlr we;s jd;dY% ljq¿ yd úÿ,s n,an wdjrK msßisÿj
mj;ajd.; hq;=h' tAjd ¥ú,s ne£fuka yd újrj,ska f;dr úh hq;=h' tAjd j,ska m;=r
hdu yd tu m;=re u`.ska mßY%fha we;s wdydr ¥ykh ùu j<lajd.; hq;=h
lisú,su yryd msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg j;=r ldkaÿ ùu isÿfkdùug j. n,d.;
hq;=h'
Bf.dvke.s,s yd msßieliqïlrK mßY%
13
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha § mßY%fha jy,hg jydu my<ska oud we;s je,a j, l=re`ÿ
fõ,Su isÿrhs' tuksid jy,fha ;;a;ajh ksIamdÈ;fha ;;ajh yd wdrCIs;;djh
md,kh lsÍu i|yd b;du;a jeo.;a fõ' tuksid jy,fhka m;=re .e,ù jeàu" øjH
ldkaÿùu fyda tys wmøjH tl;=ùu j<lajd.; hq;=h' ta i|yd jy,h kshñ;
wdldrfhka msßiqÿ lsÍu l< hq;=h' msßisÿ lrk wjia:djkays§ isÿúh yels wdydr
¥ykh ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduql< hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrK ia:dkh msysá mßirhka wmøjH we;=,aùfï wjOdkula we;akï
msßieliqïlrK mßY%fha we;s cfk,a jid ;eìh yel' tfiau cfka, levqï ìÿï
j,ska f;drúh hq;= w;r m,sfndaOlhka we;=,aùu j,lajd,Su i|yd oe,a iúlr
;eìh hq;=h'
lfmd<j msßisÿ yd úh,s ;;ajfhka mj;ajd.; hq;=h' fï i|yd fmd<j nEjqula
iys;j ks¾udKh l< yel' tu`.ska msßisÿ lsÍu myiqjk w;r mßY%h ;=< c,h
tl;= jqjfyd;a tAjd bj;g .,dhdug o yelshdj ,efí'
lf.dvke.s,a, ;=<g m,sfndaOlhka meñKsug we;s iEu bv m%ia;djlau weysßh hq;=
w;r l=Kq yd ¥ú,s msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=< tl;=ùu o je,elaúh hq;=h'
WmlrK yd wksl=;a msßieliqïlrK mßY%fha ;nd we;s fuj,ï j,g wmøjH
yd Wmøjldrl we;=¿ fkdjk mßÈ ia:dk.; lr ;sìh hq;=h' wjYH
wjia:djkays§ msßisÿ lsÍug yd kv;a;=j i|yd wod< WmlrK fldgiaj,g
.e,úh yels úh hq;=h'
ltu WmlrK yd fuj,ï u,lv fkdnefok øjH j,ska idod ;sìh hq;=h' tfukau
È.=ld,Skj isÿlrk f;;a - msßisÿlsÍï j,g Tfrd;a;= Èh hq;=h' tu WmlrK yd
fuj,ï j,ska lsishï jQ wdydrfha mrdñ;shka fjkiaùug n,mE yels .kaOhla"
rihla fyda ridhksl øjHla ksl=;a fkdl, hq;=h'
lwdydrh msßieliqïlrKh i|yd Ndú;d jk yd wdydrh iuÕ fl,skau iam¾Y jk
u;=msg mDIaGhka È.=ld,Sk mdúÉÑh i|yd iqÿiq úh hq;= tAjd msßisÿ lsÍïj,g yd
úIîckdYkhg Tfrd;a;= Èh hq;=h' tA i|yd tu u;=msg mDIaGhka iqug" ysveia yd
ishqï újrj,ska f;dr" c,hg m%;sfrdaë yd wdydr iuÕ fyda úIîckdYl iuÕ
m%;sls%hd fkdlrk wuqøjH j,ska idod ;sìh hq;=h'
CmsßieliqïlrK ia:dkfha we;s WmlrK yd fuj,ï
14
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

lidudkHfhka msßieliqïlrKh i|yd Ndú;d lrk u;=msg mDIaGhka ,S j,ska iE§u
wkqu; fkdlrhs' thg fya;= jkafka tAjd myiqfjka msßisÿ lsÍu fyda úIîckdYkh
l< fkdyels ùu ksid tAjd u; Wmøjldrl tl;=ùu myiqfjka isÿùuhs' uQ,slju
thg fya;=jkafka ,S u;=msg we;s ishqï isÿre yd ysveia fõ'
lwmøjH yd w;=re ksIamdok tl;=lsÍu i|yd Ndú;dlrk Ndck f,day fyda fjk;a
ldkaÿ fkdjk øjHhkaf.ka idod ;sìh hq;= w;r myiqfjka msßisÿ l< yels úh
hq;=h' tfukau tAjd mßY%h ;=< myiqfjka yÿkd.; yels jk mßÈ f,an,a lr ;sìh
hq;==h'
lwdh;kfha WmrlrK" fuj,ï iy wksl=;a fN!;sl myiqlï fyd`o ;;ajfhka
kv;a;= lr mj;ajd.; hq;=h'
15
msßieliqïlrK wdh;kfha ;sìh hq;= myiqlï kshu wdldrfhka mßY%h msßiqÿ
lsÍug;a" úIîckdYkhg;a yd msßieliqïlrKh w;r;=r yria ÿykh
je,elaùug;a m%udKj;a úh hq;=h' tfukau tu myiqlï wdydr
msßieliqïlrejkaf.a fm!oa.,sl msßisÿ lu mj;ajd.ekSug b;du;a jeo.;a fõ'
i' c, iemhqu
lwmøjH" ridhhksl øjH yd úIîc j,ska f;drjQ msßisÿ c, myiqlï
msßieliqïlrK mßy%fha ;sìh hq;=h' fï i|yd mdkSh c, iemhqu b;du;a fhda.H
fõ' jeo.;a lreKla jkafka msßieliqïlrKh i|yd Ndú;djk c,h c, mÍCIdj
isÿlrk wdh;khlg ,nd§ tys we;s ridhksl iqÿiqnj yd úIîc j,ska f;dr nj
;yjqre lr.ekSuhs' tfukau tu mÍCIK j, jd¾;d kshñ; mßÈ mj;ajd.;
hq;=h'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdfõ§ c,h Ndú;d jk m%Odk wjia:dj jkafka wuqøjH
jYfhka msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg ,nd.kakd l=re`ÿ ovq fidaok gexlsj, nyd ;nk
wjia:djhs' l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKhg fuh w;HdjYH fkdjqj;a fndfyda
msßieliqïlrejkaf.a u;h jkafka fuu`.ska l=re`ÿ ndylh myiqfjka yd b;d
DmsßieliqïlrK ia:dkh msßisÿ lsÍug yd úIîckdYkhg we;s myiqlï
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

fyd`Èka bj;alr.ekSug yelsjk njhs' kuq;a l=re`ÿ m%Odk jYfhka c,h u`.ska
¥ykh jk wjia:dj f,i fuh yÿkd.; yel' tuksid j;=r gexlsj, ;;a;ajh yd
Ndú;dlrk c,fha fhda.H;djh b;d jeo.;a fõ' c, ;;a;aj iy;slhg wu;rj
fidaok gexlsj, iqug u;=msgla ;sîu yd isÿre yd újr fkd;sîu wjYH fõ' tfia
ke;fyd;a tu gexlsj, u;=msg mDIaGhkays wmøjH" nelaàßhd iy we,a.S jeks
Wmøjldrl tl;=úh yel' tfukau l=reÿ ovq fm.Sug fhdod.kakd c,h ks;r w¨;a
l< hq;=h'
ii' wdydr ieliqïlrejka i|yd imhd we;s iajia:;djh yd fm!oa.,sl msßisÿlu
mj;ajd.ekSu i|yd wjYHY myiqlï
liqÿiq ia:dkj, m%udKj;a jeisls,s yd kdk ldur" weÿï udrelrk ia:dk yd wdydr
wkqNjhg iqÿiq ia:dk imhd Èh hq;=h'
lfuu ia:dk wdf,dalh iys;" msßisÿ yd ukdj mj;ajdf.k hk iy hym;a
jd;dY%hla ,efnk ia:dk úh hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrejka wdh;khg msg;ska /f.k tk wdydr ;djld,slj .nvdlr
;eîug myiqlï ie,ish hq;=h' fïjd lsisfia;au msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=<
fkd;eìh hq;=h' msßieliqïlrejkag ;u fm!oa.,sl øjH ;nd.ekSug l=vd jeiQ
w,audß iemhSfuka Tjqka tA i|yd mqyqKq jkq we;' tfukau tAjd ;=< fkd;eìh hq;=
øjH oekaùï u`.ska md,kh l< yel' fuu ;djld,sl .nvd w,audßj, iajia:;djh
ks;ru wëCIKh l< hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrejka Ndú;d lrkq ,nk weÿï ^tAm%K yd ysiajeiqï& .nvd lr ;eîug
msßisÿ w,audß iemhsh hq;=h' tAjd fiajlhka msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=,ajk
ia:dk hdnoj ia:dk.; l, yel'
l mdúÉÑ l< weÿï mdúÉÑ fkdl, weÿï yd ñY% fkdlsÍug j.n,d.; hq;=h' tAjd
oeóug fjku n`ÿkla ;eîfuka fuh j,lajd.; yelsh'
ljeisls,s msßieliqïlrK ia:dkfhka wE;aj bÈl, hq;= w;r lsisu úfgl tAjd
msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg újD; fkdúh hq;=h' tfukau jeisls,s Ndú;fhka miqj
w;a fia§ug c,h" úIîckdYl yd w;aúh,Sug myiqlï ie,ish hq;=h'
16
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

liajia:;djh wdrlaIdjk mßÈ jeisls,s mdúÉÑh ms<sn|j oekqj;a l< oekaùï mqjre
jeisls,s wdYs%;j t,a,d ;eìh yel' tfukau jeisls,s j,g we;=,aùug fmr
msßieliqïlrK ia:dkfha mdúÉÑ lrk weÿï bj;a lsÍfï jeo.;alu ms<sn|j
Tjqkaj oekqj;a l< hq;=h'
iii.oE;a fia§ug myiqlï yd mdo fidaok ;gdl'
lm%udKj;a yd myiqfjka Ndú;d l< yels jk mßÈ ia:dk.; lr we;s oE;a fia§fï
ia:dk fiajlhka i|yd imhd Èh hq;=h'
lfuu ia:dk yels iEu wjia:djl§u w;a mdúÉÑfhka f;drj je,ñg ud¾.fhka
fyda mdofhka ls%hd;aul l< yels j;=r lrdu" úIîckdYl yd úh,Sug wjYH
myiqlï j,ska iïmQ¾K l< hq;=h' oE;a fia§u i|yd fhdod.kakd c, lrdu
fjk;a WmlrK fyda fuj,ï fia§u i`oyd fhdod fkd.; hq;=h'
loekaùï mqjre u`.ska ksjerÈ oE;a fiA§u mss<sn|j fiajlhska oekqj;a l< yel'
fïjd Tjqkaf.a fm!oa.,sl øjH nyd,k w,audß wi," jeisls,s wi," wdh;khg
we;=,a jk ia:dkfha yd msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=< t,a,d ;eìh yel'
lmdo fidaok ;gdl fiajlhska fyda wksl=;a mqoa.,hska msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg
fl,skau we;=,ajk iEu ia:dkhlu ia:dk.; l< yel' fuu.ska mqoa.,hskaf.a
mdo yryd msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=,aúh yels wmøjH je,elaùu yd md,kh
isÿl, yel' fuu mdo fidaok ;gdlfha Ndú;d jk c,hg idudkHfhka
fhdod.kakd fidaähïyhsfmdlaf,darhsÜ jeks úIîckdYlhla Ndú;d l< yel'
tfukau fuys c,h ks;r udre l< hq;=h'
17
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

iv. úIîckdYkh i|yd we;s myiqlï
lmsßieliqïlrK mßY%fhys iajia:;djh wdrCId lsÍu i|yd wjYH msßisÿ lsÍfï
WmlrK yd úIîckdYl iemhsh hq;=h' tfukau fuu l¾;jHka i|yd fjkal,
fiajlhska Tjqkaf.a j.lSu ksjerÈj yÿkd.ekSu i|yd iajia:;djh ms<sn|j ir,
oekqu Tjqkag ,ndÈh hq;=h'
lmsßisÿ lsÍu yd úIîckdYkh i|yd Ndú;d lrk WmlrK yd úIîckdYl .nvd
lr ;eîu i|yd myiqlï iemhsh hq;= w;r tAjd msßieliqïlrK mßY%fhka tmsg
ia:dk.; l< hq;=h' tu.ska tAjd u.ska isÿúh yels yria ¥ykh md,kh l< yel'
v.msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg wdf,dalh iemhSu'
lm%udKj;a mßÈ wdf,dalh iemhSu i|yd úÿ,s n,an yd wdf,dal ljq¿
msßieliqïlrK yd .nvd lrk ia:dkj, iúl< hq;=h' fuu`.ska msßieliqïlrK
ls%hdj,sh myiqfjka yd iajia:;d ixl,am j,g wkql+,j isÿl, yel'
lwdf,dal ;sj%;djh msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha wjYH;djh wkqj fjkia l< yel'
lúÿ,s n,an yd tajdfha wdjrKhka ùÿrej,ska idod fkd;sìh hq;=h' tfukau tAjd
iúl, hq;af;a hïlsis wdldrhlska leãulg fyda ì£ulg ,lajqjfyd;a tAjd u`.ska
wdydr wmú;% fkdjk mßÈh'
18
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

vi. msßieliqïlrK mßY%fha jd;dY%h'
liajNdúl fyda lD;Su l%u Ndú;fhka msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg ukd jd;dY%hla
,efnk mßÈ th ks¾udKh l< hq;=h' fuu`.ska wmú;% jq jd;h u`.ska ksIamdÈ;"
WmlrK yd fuj,ï yd weiqreïlrK øjH ¥ykhùu j<lajd.; yel' thg fya;=j
jkqfha ukd jd;dY%hla mj;ajd fkd.;fyd;a wmú;% jd;h" ¥ú,s yd >kSNjkh jQ
c, wxY= mßY%h ;=< tl;= ùuhs' tfukau ukdj mj;ajd.kakd jd;dY%h
msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=< WKqiqu yd wd¾ø;djh md,kh lsÍug o jeo.;a fõ'
lmßY%h ;=< hym;a jd;dY%h we;s lsrSfï§ tys ÈYdj wmsßisÿ m%foaYhl isg msßisÿ
m%foaYhla olajd fkdúh hq;=h'
ljd;dY%h we;slsÍu i|yd idok ,o jd;dY% ljq¿ yd tu wruqK i|ydu fhdod.kakd
úÿ,s mxld b;d myiqfjka msßisÿ lsÍug;a wjYH jQ úfgl bj;a lsÍug;a yelsúh
hq;=h'
ljd;dY%h i|yd bv i,id we;s fuu ia:dk iqÿiq oe,lska fyda fjk;a wdrIl
jeiaulska wdjrKh l<hq;=h' tfia fkdue;s jqjfyd;a tu ia:dkj,ska m,sfndaOlhska
we;=¨ ùu isÿfõ'
2' iajia:;djhg wkql+,j isÿlrk msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh
AwuqøjH ,nd.ekSfï§ ie,lsh hq;= lreKq
l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha uQ,sl wÈhr jkafka wuqøjH mßY%hg
,nd.ekSuhs' wuqøjH j, ;;a;ajh yd wdrlaIs;;djh ksIAmdÈ; j,
wdrlaIs;;djhg b;du;a ;Èka odhl jk ksid fuu ls%hdj,sh ukd wëCIKhlska
hq;=j isÿl, hq;=h'
19
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

ll=re`ÿ ovq lsishï jQ wdlrhlg u,øjH j,ska fyda wksl=;a lsishï wmøhjHlska
¥ykh ù we;akï yd tu wmøjH msßieliqïlrKfha§ id¾:lj wvqlsÍug fyda
md,kh lsÍug fkdyels kï tu ovq mßY%h ;=,hg we;=,a fkdl, hq;=h' tfia
jqjfyd;a msßieliqïlrK mßY%h l=re`ÿ ovq u.ska yria ¥ykhg ,lafõ'
lwuqøjHj, ;;a;ajh ;yjqre l< yels ;j;a l%uhla jkafka wuqøjH /f.k wd
jdykj, iajia:;d ;;a;ajh wOCIKh lsÍuh'
lwuqøjH wëCIK ls%hdj,sfha § yd jdyk j,ska nd.kakd wjia:dj j,§ l=re,a,ka yd
m,sfndaOlhka u`.ska isÿjk ¥ykh j,lajd .ekSug l%ufõohka fhÈh hq;=h'
ll=re`ÿ ovq ndysr mßY%fha isg msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=¨ lsÍug ì;a;sfha
ks¾udKh lr we;s msúiqï fodrgqjla Ndú;d l< yel' fuu wuqøjH we;=¨ lsÍfï
ls%hdj,sh iajia:;djh ;yjqre jk mßÈ isÿlsÍug j.n,d.; hq;=h'
yria ¥ykh isÿlrk m%Odk úNj uQ,dY% jkafka fiajlhska" wdydr iuÕ
iam¾Yjk u;=msg mDIAGhka yd jd;h hs' msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=< isÿjk
yria ¥ykh je,elaùu i|yd l< yels b;du;au id¾:l l%u jkafka
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha wjia:d fukau .nvd lrk ia:dk o b;d fydÈka fjka
lsÍu" fiajlhskayg ;ukag wod< j.lSï muKla bgqlsÍug oekqj;a lsÍu yd
mßY%hg mqoa., we;=,aùu md,kh lsÍu isÿ lsÍuhs'
lksIamdÈ; yd msßieliqïlrKfha mj;sk wjia:d wuqøjH yd bj;,k øjH j,ska
meyeÈ,sj fjka l, hq;=h' wuqøjH we;=¨ lsÍug yd bj;,k øjH neyer lsÍug
fjka jQ fodrgq fyda fjk;a ud¾. Ndú;d l, hq;=h'
lfiajlhska yd wksl=;a wd.ka;=lhska msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=,a ùu weÿï
udrelrk ia:dkh yryd muKla isÿl, yel' we;=,aùug fmr msßieliqïlrKhg
Ndú;d lrk weÿï yd mdjyka me<e| we;=,a úh hq;= w;r oE;a fia§u
wksjd¾hfhkau isÿl, hq;=h'
lWmlrK yd fuj,ï Ndú;fhka miqj b;d fyd¢ka msßisÿ l< hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrK mßY%h tu wjYH;djhg muKla fhdod.; hq;=h'
Byria ¥ykh je,elaùu
20
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh iajia:;d uQ,O¾u j,g wkql+,j isÿjkjd o hkak
wëCIKh lsÍu i|yd tA ms<sn|j mqyqKqjla ,nd we;s fyda oekqu we;s jev
wëCIljrfhl= m;al, hq;=h' wdydr wdrCIs;;djhg n,mdk msßieliqïlrK
ls%hdj,sfha hï fjkialula fyda .eg¨ iy.; ;;a;ajhla Woa.; jqjfyd;a th
ksrdlrKh lsßu i|yd Tyq CIKslj ls%hdl, hq;=h'
lwdydr msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh yd iïnkaO l<ukdlrejka yd jev wëCIljreka
wdydr iajia;;djfha uQ,sl wruqKq yd tAjd ls%hd;aul l<hq;= wdldrh ms<sn|j
oekqj;a úh hq;= w;r tu`.ska msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha Woa.; úh yels
Wmøjldrl j,g wod< wjodkï ;;ajhka yÿkd.ekSug;a" j<lajd.ekSug;a fyda
md,kh lsÍug wjYH lghq;= iïmdokh lsßug yd uq¿ ksIamdok ls%hdj,shu ukd
wëCIKhla hgf;a isÿlsÍug yelshdj ,efí'
lúfYAIfhkau l=reÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh uq¿ukskau jdf.a fiajlhkaf.a oE;a
j,ska isÿlrk ksid fiajlhkaf.a fm!oa.,sl ikSmdrCIdj yd hym;a mqreÿ b;du;a
jeo.;a jk w;r tAjd ms<sn|j ks;ru wëCIKh l< hq;=h'
ll=reÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha § l=reÿ o`vqj,ska bj;a lr.kakd l=re`ÿ ndyslh
msßieliqïlrK mßY%fhka msg; t<suyfka ia:dk.; lr we;s rdlal u; ;nd
úh,Su isÿlrhs' fuu ls%hdj,sh b;du;a jeä wjOdkhlska wëCIKh l< hq;= jkafka
tu ls%hdj,sh ksjerÈ wdldrfhka isÿ fkdjqjfyd;a Wmøjldrl u`.ska l=re`ÿ fmd;=
wmú;% ùu isÿúh yels neúks' rdlal fmd<j iuÕ fkd.efgk mßÈ Wialr idod
;sìh hq;= w;r rdlal wjg oe,a .id i;=ka yd lDóka we;=,aùu md,kh l, hq;=h'
fuu rdlal ks;ru msßisÿ l< hq;=h' fuu t<suyka úh,Sfï § l=reÿ fmd;= j¾Idfjka
f;;aùug we;s bvlv ms<sn|j o ie,ls,su;a úh hq;=h'
CmsßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh wëCIKh lsÍu
weiqreïlrKh l=reÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha b;d jeo.;a wx.hla jk
w;r th ms<sn|j oeä wjOdkhla fhduq l, hq;=h' thg fya;= jkafka
weiqreïj, ;sìh yels wmøjH ksid o yd ksjerÈ weiqreï øjH f;dard fkd.ekSu
ksid o wdydr wdrCIs;;djh ms<sn| .eg¿ Woa.; ùug bv we;s ùuhs'
lwdh;khg ñ,§ f.k f.kajkq ,nk ish¿u weiqreï øjH ^fmd,s;ska" f.daks& j,
;;a;aajh mÍCId l< hq;=h'
DksIamdos; weiqreïlrKh
21
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

22
lñ,§ .kakd md¾Yj j, wjYH;djh mßÈ yd l=re`ÿ iuÕ m%;sls%hd lsÍu u`.ska
wys;lr øjH we;s fkdlrk weiqreïlrK øjH j, muKla l=reÿ weiqreïlrKh
l< hq;= w;r tAjd ksjerÈ wdldrfhka f,an,a l< hq;=h'
l=re`ÿ ñá .nvd lrk ia:dk iïmQ¾Kfhkau wfkla msßieliqïlrK
ls%hdj,shkaf.ka fjkal, hq;= w;r .nvdlrk ia:dkh ksjerÈ wdldrfhka
ie,iqïlr ;sìsh hq;=h' tu`.ska tu ia:dkh msßisÿj mj;ajdf.k hdug;a"
m,sfndaOlhka we;=¨ùu je<elaùug;a yd .nvdlrKfha § wfkl=;a úNj uQ,dY%
u`.ska isÿjk wmú;% ùu j<lajd.ekSug;a bvm%ia;dj ,efí'
ll=re`ÿ ñá rdlal u; fmd<j uÜgñka Wiaj .nvd l< hq;= w;r tu rdlal ì;a;s yd
iu`. iam¾Y fkdúh hq=h'
lrdlal ia:dk.; l< hq;af;a .nvdlrK mßY%h yd rdlal wëlaIKh lsÍug yd
msßisÿ lsßug myiqjk mßÈh' fmd<fjys we;súh yels f;;ukh u`.ska l=re`ÿ ñá
wmú;% úu isÿ fkdùug j. n,d .; hq;=h'
lfuu ksIamdÈ; .nvd lrk mßY%fha ì;a;s ,d mdáka wdf,amkh l< hq;=h' tu`.ska
ì;a;s wmú;% ùu yd úfYaIfhkau óhka tu mßY%hg meñKSu y`ÿkd.; yel'
lfuu .nvd mßY%h ;=, WKqiqu" jd;dY%h yd wd¾ø;djh ukd w.hlska mj;ajd.;
hq;=h'
lfuu .nvdlrK mßY%fha weiqreïlrK øjH .nvd lsÍu wkqu; fkdlrk w;r hï
wjia:djl § tfia l<fyd;a tajd b;du;a ÿrlska .nvd l< hq;=h'
lksIamdÈ; ¥ykhg ,laúh yels wfkl=;a lsishï øjHhla fyda NdKav fuu mßY%h ;=,
.nvd fkdl< hq;=h'
EmsßieliqïlrKh l< l=re`ÿ .nvd lsÍu
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

23
FmsßieliqïlrKh lrk ,o l=re`ÿ m%jdykh
l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; m%jdykh i`oyd fhdod .kakd jdykj, ijia:;djh" m%jdykh
lrk ld,h ;=, ksIamdÈ; i`oyd wjYH lrk ;;a;aj mj;ajd .ekSu yd ;;a;aj
wëlaIKh hk lreKq ms<sn`oj ukd wjOdkhla fhduq lsÍfuka fuu ls%hdj,sfha§
wdydr wdrlaIsl;djhg isÿúh yels ydks j,lajd .; yel'
lmsßieliqïlrKh lrk ,o ksIamdÈ; m%jdykh lsÍug fhdod .kakd jdyk we;=,;
mßirh msßisÿ ;;a;ajfhka mej;sh hq;= w;r ndysr mßirhg l=uk wdldrfhka fyda
újD; fkdúh hq;=h'
lksIamdÈ; jdykhg we;=,a lsÍug m%:u jdykj, ;;a;ajh wëlaIKh l< hq;=h'
fuys § fuu jdykj, ndysr mßirhg újD; jk isÿre we;aoehs m<uqj mÍlaId l<
hq;=h' tfia mej;shfyd;a m<sfndaOlhka u`.ska fukau j¾Idj u`.ska o ksIamdÈ; j,g
ydks isÿfõ' tfukau jdyk ;=, hï kqiqÿiq .kaOhla mj;S o" m%jdykh lrk ld,h
;=, jdykfha we;=,; mßirfhka lvd yef,k ;Ska; m;=re jeks foaj,a ksIamdÈ;
iu`. ñY%úh yelso@ wdydruh fkdjk øjhla jdykh ;=, ksIamdÈ;h iu`.
m%jdykhg we;=,;a lr weoao@ jdykh we;=,; mßirfha f;,a" .S%ia fyda fjk;a
ødjKhka ksid ksIamdÈ; ¥ykh ùfï yelshdjla mj;S o" hk lreKq o ie,ls,a,g
.; hq;=h' fuu wëlaIKh jd¾;d .; l< hq;=h'
ll=re`ÿ ñá m%jdykfha § tu l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; j,g fyda wiqreï øjHj,g ydks fkdjk
fia m%jdykh lrk ld,h ;=, jdyk we;=,; ;;a;aj mj;ajd .; hq;=h'
l;u wdh;kfha jdyk fjkqjg fjk;a md¾Yajhla u`.ska imhk jdykhla fyda ñ,§
.kakd md¾Yajhla u`.ska imhk jdyk fuu ksIamdÈ; m%jdykh i`oyd fhdod .kafka
kï by; i`oyka l< lreKq fuu jdykj, o ;sfíoehs ;yjqre lr.; yel' tfia
lsÍfuka hï lsis wdldrhl ksIamdÈ;fha ÿykh ùula m%jdykfha§ isÿjqjfyd;a th
msßieliqïlref.a j.lSula fkdjk nj meyeÈ,s l< yel'
l=re`ÿ .ekqïlrejkaf.a wjYH;d wkqj ksIamdÈ;j, mrdñ;shka ms<sn`oj mÍlaIK
jd¾;d bÈßm;a lsÍug hï wjia:dj, isÿfõ' úfYaIfhkau ksIamdÈ; úfoaYSh
fj<`ofmd, i`oyd fhdod .kafka kï fuu mÍlaIK jd¾;d b;d jeo.;a fõ'
idudkHfhka .ekqïlrejka l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; i`oyd ksIamdÈ; j, c, m%;sY;h
^Wmßu 12] - 14]& yd wjfYaI i,a*¾ i`oyd o mÍlaIK jd¾;d wfmalaId lrhs'
GmsßieliqïlrKh lrk ,o ksIamdÈ; j, idïm, ,nd .ekSu yd tajd ms<sn`o
mÍlaIK jd¾;d ,nd .ekSu
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

24
HmsßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh f,aLk.; lsÍu yd jd¾;d ;nd .eksu
wuqøjH ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dfõ isg ksIamdÈ; m%jdykh olajd msßieliqïlrK
ls%hdj,sfha iEu wjia:djlau f,aLk.; l< hq;= w;r GMP wjYH;djhka mßY%h
;=, mj;ajd .ekSu ms<sn`o jd¾;d o ;nd .; hq;=h' fuu jd¾;d mÍlaIdj u`.ska
miqld,Skj ksIamdÈ; ;;aa;ajfha fyda wdrlaIs;;djfha .eg¿ mek ke`.=k fyd;a
tajd msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha wvqmdvq ksid isÿ jQjdoehs ;yjqre lr.; yel'
lmsßieliqïlrKfha ish¿u wjia:d yd tu tla tla wjia:djkayS § md,kh l< hq;=
;;a;ajhka f,aLk .; lsÍfuka msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh ukd md,khlska hq;=j
ls%hd;aul l< yels fõ'
lfuu jd¾;d wdh;kh ;=, È.=ld,hla ;nd .; hq;=h' tu ld,h ;SrKh l< yels
lreKla jkqfha ksIamdÈ; j, l,a bl=;a ùug hk ld, iSudjhs' tf;la tu jd¾;d
;nd .ekSfuka hï lsis ksIamdÈ;j,g wod, .eg¿jl oS tu jd¾;d mÍlaId l<
yel'
lhïslsis ksIamdÈ; ldKavhlg wod, wuqøjH" msßieliqïl< ;;a;ajhka yd m%jdyk
;;a;ajhka jd¾;d mÍlaId lsÍfuka ,nd .; yels úh hq;=h'
3' msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=, iajia:;dj ia:dms; lsÍu
AmßY%h kv;a;= lsÍu
msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ukd f,i kv;a;= lsÍu" l=re`ÿ ieliSfï l%shdj,sh
ndOdjlska f;drj mj;ajdf.k hdug;a ksIamdos;hg Wmøjldrl tla ùu j<lajd
.ekSug;a WmldÍ fõ'
lf.dvke.s,a," WmlrK jeks ish`Mu fN!;sl iïm;a" msßisÿ " wdrCIdldÍ fukau
kshñ; m%ñ;sfhka hq;=j mj;ajd .ekSu jeo.;a fõ'
iajia:;d jevms<sfj, kshñ; wdldrfhka l%shd;aul jk nj ;yjqre lsÍug"
msßisÿ lsÍfï ie,iqï ilia lsÍu" mj;ajdf.k hdu" wëCIKh iy jd¾;d ;nd
.ekSu isÿl, hq;=h'
Biajia:;d md,k jev ms<sfj,
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

25
lmsßieliqïlrK ia:dkj, iy ta wjg msßisÿj ;nd .ekSug iy m,sfndaO md,khg
WmldÍ jk úêu;a msßisÿ lsÍfï jev ms<sfj,la f.dvk.d l%shdjg kexúh hq;=h'
lfuu l%shd ms<sfj;a l=re`ÿ ovq .s,ajd ;nk c, gexls" l=regq .dk" fmd;= ;,k" úh,k
iy ksñ øjH .nvdlrk ldur wdÈh Èkm;d msßisÿ lsÍug úfYaIfhkau fhdod .;
hq;=h'
ll,ska ks.ukh lrk ,o ld, mrdihka fhdod .ksñka" by; i`oyka lrk ,o msßisÿ
lsÍï ksis wdldrj isÿù ;sfí ±hs jev wëCIljreka úiska fidhd n,d jd¾;d ;eìh
hq;=h'
lmsßisÿ lsÍfï jev igyk" msßisÿ l, hq;= ia:dk" msßisÿ l, hq;= wldrh" ta i`oyd
fhdod .kakd WmlrK yd ridhksl øjH" tla tla msßisÿ lsÍu l< hq;af;a ljqreka
úiska o hkak iy tu l%shdjka wëCIKh l< hq;af;a ljqrekao hk j. f,aLk .; lr
;eìh hq;=h'
l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha § we;sjk w;=re ksIamdok fjka lr" f,an,a lr
msßieliqïlrK m%foaYfhka jßka jr bj;a l< hq;=fõ' tfia fkdl,fyd;a" tu
w;=re ksIamdok " l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; iu`. ñY% ù tajd wmú;% ùu isÿúh yel'
lw;=re ksIamdok f,i yeÈkafjkafka bj;,k øjH fkdjk w;r" tajd m%Odk
ksIamdokfha§ mek k.sk øjHhka fõ' fuu w;=re ksIamdok fhdodf.k fjk;a
ksIamdÈ; idod .; yel'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha § we;s jk w;=re ksIamdok f,i l=re`ÿ l=regq" fmd;= bj;a
lrk ,o o`vq iy l=re`ÿ fld< ±laúh yel'
Cw;=re ksIamdok
wmøjH m<sfndaOlhska wdl¾Ykhg;a" Tjqkaf.a .ykh jeä lsÍug;a yd wyUq
f,i ksIamdÈ; øjH iu`. kej; uqiq ùug;a yelshdjla we;' fï ksid l=re`ÿ
msßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=, we;sjk wmøjH l<ukdlrKh lsÍug;a yd ksis
f,i neyer lsÍug;a l%ufõohla we;s l< hq;=h'
lfuu wmøjH l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK mßY%fhka iy .nvd ia:dk j,ska neyerj
;eìh hq;= w;r Èkm;d fyda wjYH mßÈ kshñ; ld, mrdi j,§ bj;a l, hq;=h'
lúúO j¾.fha wmøjH fjk fjku kï lrk ,o nyd¨ï j,g tla /ia l, hq;=fõ'
DwmøjH /ialr ;eîu iy bj;a lsÍu
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

26
lwmøjH /ialrk nyd¨ï o oji wjidkfha wmøjH bj;a l< miq ukd f,i fidaod
msßisÿ l< hq;=h' ke;fyd;a tu nyd¨ï j,g m<sfndaOlhska wdl¾IKh úh yel'
lby; nyd¨ï mshka iys; tajd kï" tu mshka mdoh u.ska l%shd;aul jk f,i ilid
;eîfuka tajd u`.ska fiajlhkaf.a oE;a wmsßisÿ ùu j,lajd .; yel'
lúfYaIfhkau msßieliqïlrK mßY%fhka msg; ;nd we;s úYd, li, nyd¨ï mshka
u`.ska wdjrKh lr ;sîu b;du;a jeo.;a fõ'
.Dy wdY%s; i;=ka yd Tjqkaf.a u<øjH l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ;j,g fndajk frda. idok
úIîc we;=`M lsÍug odhl úh yel'
llsisÿ i;a;ajfhla l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=`M ùug bv fkdyeßh hq;=h' ta
i`oyd wdh;kh jg lr n,a,ka" n<¨ka" .jhka jeks úYd, i;=kg we;=`M úh
fkdyels jk fia ±,a jegla bÈ l< hq;=h'
E.Dy wdY%s; i;a;ajhka msßieliqïlrK mßY%fhka bj;a lr ;eîu
m<sfndaOlhka l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; j,g ydks lsÍu u.ska tajd mßfNdackhg wdrCIs;
fkdjk ;;a;ajhlg m;a úh yel' th j<lajd .ekSu i`oyd iqÿiq Wml%u Ndú;
l< hq;=fõ'
lmsßieliqïlrK mßY%h ;=, we;s ldkq ukd f,i wdjrKh lsÍfuka óhka jeks i;=ka
msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=`M ùu md,kh l< yelsh'
lmßY%hg we;=`M úh yels m<sfndaOlhka ms<sn`oj ksrka;r mÍCIdfjka isàu;a" ukd
msßisÿ lsÍfï l%ufõohka ms<sme§u;a yd ld¾hCIu f,i wmøjH bj;a lsÍu;a u.ska
fndfyduhla m,sfndaOlhska md,kh l< yel'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK wdh;khg we;=`M úh yels ish`Mu m<sfndaOlhka ms<sn`oj
ie,ls,su;a fjñka Tjqkaj md,kh lsÍu i`oyd m<sfndaO md,k jev igykla
ks¾udKh lr l%shd;aul l< hq;=h'
lm<sfndaO md,kh i`oyd úI ridhksl øjH Ndú; lrkafka kï b;du;a l%udkql+,j
yd md,khlska hq;=j th isÿl, hq;=h' tu ridhksl øjH wdrCIs; ldurhl w.=¨
oud .nvdlr ;eìh hq;=fõ' u;l ;nd.; hq;= jeo.;a lreKla jkafka ridhksl
øjH Ndú;fhka f;drj m<sfndaO md,kh isÿl< yelskï th jvd;a iqÿiq njhs'
Fm<sfndaO md,kh
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

27
lhïlsis m<sfndaOlfhl= md,kh l, fkdyels jkfia me;sr mj;S kï ta i`oyd
úfYaIs; mqyqKqjla ,;a ndysr wdh;khl iyh ,nd .ekSu iqÿiq fõ' tjeks md,khka
iy wdh;k ms<sn`oj;a yd Tjqkaf.a fiajdjka ms<sn`oj;a f;dr;=re f,aLk.; lr ;nd
.; hq;=h'
ll=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; m<sfndaO ydkshlg ,laj we;súg tu ksIamdÈ; wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djfha wjYH;djka imqrd fkdue;s f,i i<ld wjYH lghq;= l%shd;aul
l< hq;=h'
lueiaika úkdYjk úÿ,s ier jÈk n,an iy fmrfudak wvx.= lr we;s WmlrK Tjqka
.ejfik fyda msßieliqïlrK mßY%hg we;=`M úh yels ia:dk j, ia:dk .; l<
04' mqoa., iajia:;dj iy ukd fi!LHhla mj;ajdf.k hdu i`oyd jq wjYH;djka
Afndajk frda. ks¾Kh i`oyd mj;ajk ffjoH mÍCIK
l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha fh§ isák fiajlhska tu ld¾hh i`oyd fi!LHhuh
jYfhka iqÿiqùu" Tjqka u`.ska l=re`ÿ ÿykh ùu j,lajd .ekSug fya;= fõ'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha fh§ isák fiajlhska" fiajhg n`ojd .ekSfïÈ fyda n`ojd
.eksfï isg udihl ld,hla ;=, ffjoH mÍCIKhlg ,lafldg Tjqka fndajk frda.
j,ska fmf<kafka ±hs fidhd n,d jd¾;d ;nd .; hq;=h' fï i`oyd iqÿiqlï ,;a
ffjoHjrhl=f.a iydh ,nd .ekSu iqÿiq fõ'
lfiajlhskaf.a fi!LH ;;a;ajh iy iajia:;dj Èkm;d jev wdrïN lsßug m%:u jev
wëlaIljreka úiska mÍlaId lr jd¾;d ;nd .; hq;=h'
lfndajk frda.j,ska fmf<k fyda tjeks frda. je<§ we;ehs iellrk fiajlhska
l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKh isÿlrk m%foaYhg we;=`M ùu fyda l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK
lghq;= j, fh§u w;aysgqúh hq;=h'
ltjeks fiajlhska ;ukaf.a frda.S ;;a;ajh ms<sn`oj wdh;kfha mßmd,khg ±kqu
oSug Èß .ekaúh hq;=h' tnÿ frda.S ;;a;ajhka f,i mdpkh" WK" W.=f¾ iy Yajik
ud¾.fha wdidok iy leiai" iu wdY%s; fndajk frda. iy kdifhka" weiaj,ska iy
lka j,ska Èhr .,k frda.S ;;a;ajhka oelaúh yel'
llemSula fyda ;=jd,hla iys; fiajlhka" tu ;=jd,hg fnfy;a oud j;=r u.ska f;;a
fkdjk wdjrKhlska (Water Proof Plaster) ;=jd, fyd`Èka wdjrKh lrk ;=re
kej;;a l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK l%shdj,sfha ksr; fkdl, hq;=h' fï i`oyd wjYH
m%:udOdr myiqlï" l=re`ÿ ieliqï uOHia:dkfha imhd Èh hq;=h'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

28
l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK l%shdj,shg iy tu l%shdj,shg iïnkaO iemhqï imhd
l%shdj,shg iDcqju odhl jk ish¨u fiajlhska ukd mqoa., yeisÍï mj;ajd
.ekSu" Tjqka u.ska l=re`ÿ ¥ykh ùu md,kh lr .ekSug WmldÍ fõ'
ll=reÿ msssßieliqïlrK l%shdj,shka j, kshe,s isák fiajlhska" úfYaIs; we`ÿï yd
wdjrK ^tam%k" ysia wdjrK" w;ajeiqï& me<§u u.ska l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; j,g Tjqka
yryd wmøjH yd Wmøjldrl tl;= ùu wju lr .; yels nj Tjqkag myod Èh
hq;=h'
ltu we`ÿï msßisÿj ;nd .ekSug;a ksr;=rej msßisÿ lsÍug;a Èß .ekaúh hq;=fõ'
ljeisls,s Ndú;d lsßfïÈ iy wdydr .eksfïÈ by; we`ÿï" me<ÿï bj;a lr ta i`oyd
kshñ; ia:dk j, ;eîug fiajlhka ±kqj;a l< hq;=h'
ljeisls,s Ndú;fha§ fiajd ia:dkfha m<Èk mdjyka .,jd ;nd" jeisls,sh ;=, m<Èk
mdjyka me<Èh hq;=h'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha § uqÿ" j,¨ yd ud, jeks wdNrK bj;a lsÍu u`.ska tajd
fkd±kqj;aju ksIamdÈ; j,g tla ù wdydrfha wdrCIs;;djh ydks ùu j,lajd .;
yel'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKh isÿlrk ia:dk j, wdydr .ekSu" îu mdúÉÑh" nq,;a
iemSu iy ÿï îug wjir fkdÈh hq;= w;r" ta i`oyd fjka lrk ,o ia:dk Ndú;hg
Wmfoia Èh hq;=h' ;jo l=re`ÿ ieliSfïÈ wjg fl, .eiSu" uqLh wdjrKh fkdjk
fia lsúiSu iy fiu-fidgq bj;a lsÍu fkdl, hq;=h'
lw;af,ka oyÈh msi ±óu" we`.s,s j,ska uqLh" o;a iy kdih msßisÿ lsÍu iy lka
msßisÿ lsÍu jeks l%shdldrlï l=reÿ msßieliqïlrK l%shdjka w;r;=r fkdl, hq;=h'
lksrka;rfhka kshfmd;= flá jk fia lmd msßisÿj ;nd .ekSu jeo.;a fõ'
lish`Mu fiajlhska iy w.ka;=lhska l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ia:dkhg we;=`Mjk iEu
úgl §u inka fhdod fyd`Èka oE;a msßisÿ lr .ekSug Wmfoia Èh hq;=h' óg wu;rj
fow;a wmsßisÿjk ´kEu wjia:djlska ^jeisls,s Ndú;h" fjk;a lghq;a;l fh§u&
miqj yd ieliqï ia:dkhg we;=`M ùug fmr fow;a inka fhdod msßisÿ lr .; hq;=h'
lmsßieliqïlrK ia:dkfha w;afia§u i`oyd myiqlï imhd we;s ia:dk ms<sn`oj iy
kshñ; wdldrhg fow;a msßisÿ lsÍu ms<sn`oj fiajlhska oekqj;a l< hq;=h'
lfndajk frda. iy fow;a j, we;s ;=jd, ms<sn`oj mßmd,khg jd¾;d lsÍug Èß
.ekaúh hq;=h'
lwe`ÿï" mdjyka" nE.a jeks mqoa.,sl NdKav" ta i`oyd fjka lr we;s ia:dk j, muKla
;eîug iy tu ia:dkhka msßisÿj mj;ajdf.k hdug fiajlhska Wkkaÿ l< hq;=h'
Bmqoa., yeisÍu
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ia:dkhg we;=`Mjk wd.ka;=lhska tu ia:dkhg we;`=M
ùug m%:u kshñ; wdrCIs; we`ÿï me<Èh hq;= w;r wfkl=;a mqoa., ikSmdrCIl
ms<sfj;a o ms<smeÈh hq;=h'
liEu wd.ka;=lfhlau" l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK m%foaYhg we;=`M ùug m%:u" tysÈ
ms<smeÈh hq;= mqoa., ikSmdrCIdj iy wdydr wdrCIs;;dj ms<sn`o ms<sfj;a .ek
±kqj;a l< hq;= fõ'
lish`Mu wd.ka;=lhska" fiajlhska fukau by; ms<sfj;a ms<smeÈh hq;=h'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ia:dkhg we;=`Mjk wd.ka;=lhska ms<sn`oj jd¾;d mj;ajd
.; hq;=h'
Cwd.ka;=lhska
29
05' l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; ms<sn`o f;dr;=re iy jd¾;d mj;ajdf.k hdu
AksIamdÈ; ms<sn`o f;dr;=re iy úl=Kq ksIamdÈ; kej; wdh;khg f.kajd
.ekSu'
lwuqøjH" w;=re ksIamdok iy ksIamdÈ;" meyeÈ,s f,i ldKav wxl iy tys ku wvx.=
f,an,a fhdod fjka lsÍu isÿ l, hq;=h' by; tla tla øjHhkaf.a j¾;udk ;;a;ajh
^Wod ( wkqu; lrk ,È" m%;sfCIam lrk ,È' úYaf,aIKh lrñka mj;s'& f,an,fha
igyka lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'
ll=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfha fhfok wdh;kfha l<ukdlrejka ;u wdh;kfha
mj;ajdf.k hk wdydr wdrCIs;;dj ms<sn`o l%shdldrlï uekúka isÿjkafka ±hs
fidaÈis l< hq;=h' tu`.ska hïlsis Wmøjldrlhla u`.ska ksIamdÈ; ydks ù ;sfí ±hs
y`ÿkd .ekSug;a iy tu ksIamdÈ; ldKavj,g wh;a úl=KQ ksIamdÈ; kej;
wdh;khg f.kajd .ekSug;a WmldÍ fõ'
lNdú;hg wkdrCIs; l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; kej; wdh;khg f.kajd .ekSfï
l%shdj,sfha§" ksIamdÈ;hka ms<sn`o ;nd.kakd jd¾;djka b;du;a jeo.;a fõ' ;jo"
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

30
kej; f.kajk ,o ksIamdÈ; ms<sn`oj;a yd tajdg l=ula lrkafka ±hs hkak
ms<sn`oj;a meyeÈ,s jd¾;d mj;ajd .; hq;=h'
lwdh;khg f.kajd .kakd ,o ksIamdÈ; kej; fj<`om,g fhduq l, hq;af;a tajdfha
wdrCIs;;dj ;yjqre lsÍfuka wk;=rej muKs'
l.ekqïlrejkaf.a fyda mdßfNda.slhkaf.ka ,efnk ksIamdÈ; ms<sn`o meuKs,s
úYaf,aIKh fldg Tjqkaj ±kqj;a l< hq;=h' tajd u`.ska y`ÿkd .kakd
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha ÿ¾j,;d u`.yrjd .; hq;=h'
ldKav wxl" ksIamdÈ;j, isÿúh yels wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn`o .eg¿
ms,sn`oj fidhd ne,Sug bjy,a fõ'
ll=reÿ ksIamdokh lrk wdh;k" ksIamdÈ;j,g isÿúh yels wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh
ms<sn`o .eg¿ fidhd ne,sh yels miqúmrï hdka;%Khla (Traceability System)
ia:dmkh lr l%shd;aul l< hq;=h'
BksIamdÈ;hkag ldKav wxl fhdod yÿkd .ekSu
msßieliqïlrK l%shdj,sfha l%shdldrlï ms<sn`oj jd¾;d ;nd .ekSu" wdh;kfha
mj;ajdf.k hk GMP l%shdj,sfha úYajdikSh;ajh iy ld¾hCIu;dj ;yjqre
lsÍug fya;=fõ'
lkshñ; wdldrhg jd¾;d mj;ajdf.k hdu" GMP l%ufõohg wkql+,j l=re`ÿ
msßieliqïlrK l%shdj,sh mj;ajdf.k hk njg idCIs ,nd fohs' ish`M jd¾;d
mj;ajdf.k hdfu§ wkq.ukh l< hq;= m%Odk f,aLKh jkafka GMP w;afmd;hs'
ljd¾;d f,i wdh;kfha isÿjk l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha wdrCIs;;djhg
fya;=jk wjYH;djhka wëlaIKh lr fjk fjku igyka ;nd .; hq;=h'
ltu jd¾;d w;rg c, ;;a;aj mÍCIK jd¾;d" mqoa., ffjoH mÍCIK jd¾;d"
m<sfndaO md,k jd¾;d iy fiajlhka mqyqKq lsÍfï jd¾;d we;=`M wfkl=;a jeo.;a
jd¾;d wka;¾.; l< hq;=h'
ljd¾;d mj;ajdf.k hdfï§ tajd kshñ; mßÈ meyeÈ,s yd myiqfjka f;areï .;
yels mßÈ ms<sfh< l< hq;=h'
lish¿u jd¾;d fjka fjka f,i wxl iy wod< ku fhdod f,an,a l< hq;= w;r tajdfha
kï iys; fjkuu f,aLkhla ms<sfh< lr .; hq;=h'
Cjd¾;d ;nd .ekSu
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

06 GMP ms<sn| mqyqKq lsÍï
wdydr wdrCIs;;djh mj;ajd .ekSu ms<sn|j kshñ; mqyqKqùï" oekqj;a lsÍï
iy wëCIKh ms<sn|j wjfndaOh l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrKfhys fh§ isák
ish¨u fiajlhskag ,ndÈh hq;= w;r th ksIamdÈ;j, wdydr wdrCIs;;djh
;yjqre lsÍug bjy,a fõ'
ll=re÷ msßieliqïlrKfha fh§ isák ish¿u fiajlhska ;ud úiska isÿ lrkq ,nk
ld¾hhka wdY%s;j tla úh yels wdydr wmú;%ldrl ms<sn|j;a yd tajd j<lajd .ekSu
ms<sn|j;a oekqj;a ù isáh hq;=h'
ll=re÷j, wdydr wdrCIs;;djh ms<sn|j oekqu fiajlhskag ,nd §ug msg;ska
f.kajk ,o ukd oekqï we;s mqyqKqlrefjl= f.a fyda wdh;kh ;=<u mqyqKqùu ,;a
jev wëCIljrfhl=f.a iydh ,nd .; yelsh' fuu mqyqKqùï j,§ tla tla
fiajlhd" GMP jevms<sfj, id¾:lj mj;ajdf.k hdug Èhhq;= odhl;ajh
ms<sn`oj oekqj;a l< hq;=h'
lmqyqKqùï isÿ l< hq;= ld, mr;rh iy isÿ l< hq;= wdldrh ms<sn|j meyeÈ,s
ie,eiaula wdh;kh i;= úh hq;=h' tu ie,eiau ilid .ekSfï§ fiajl ixLHdj"
wdh;kfha isÿ lrk fjkiaùï yd kj fiajlhska n|jd .ekSï hkdÈh .ek
ie,ls,su;a úh yel'
31
07 l=re÷ j.d lsÍu
ndysr mßirfhka l=re÷j,g uqiq úh yels Wmøjldrl wju lr .ekSu ;=<ska
wiajekak f,i ,nd .kakd l=re÷ ovq" l=re÷ msßieliqïlrKh i|yd fhdod
.ekSug fhda.H lr .; yel'
ll=re÷ j.dfõ§" ukd f,i ìï ieliSu" fmdfydr f;dard .ekSu iy fh§u" Ydl
>K;ajh mj;ajdf.k hdu" m<sfndaO md,kh" jdß l<ukdlrKh iy wiajkq
fk<Su hk l%shdj,shkays§ ukd lDIsld¾ñl ms<sfj;a (Good Agricultural Practices)
mj;ajdf.k hdu yd ms<sme§u" mßirfhka l=re÷ o`vq j,g Wmøjldrl tlaùu wju
lr .ekSug bjy,a fõ'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

YS% ,xld m%ñ;s ld¾hdxYh (SLSI) u`.ska ksl=;a lr we;s GMP m%ñ;sh weiqfrka l=re`ÿ
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha iajia:;djh ;yjqre lr.kafka yd tu msßieliqï
ls%hdj,sh GMP m%ñ;sh i`oyd iy;sl lr.kafka flfia o@
fuu fmd;a msxfpys úia;r lr we;s fmdÿ iajia:;d Ndú;hka YS% ,xld m%ñ;s
ld¾hdxYh u`.ska ksl=;a lr we;s m%ñ;Ska folla weiqfrka ilid we;' tajd kï SLSI 143 :
1999 yd SLSI 1327 : 2008 ' fuu m%ñ;sSka cd;Hka;r m%ñ;Ska bÈßm;a lrk wdh;khla jk
Codex u`.ska ksl=;a lr we;s wdydr iajia:;d uQ,O¾u (General Principles of Food
Hygiene CAC / RCP 1 -1969) j,g o wkql+, fõ' tfukau fuu wjYH;d YS% ,xldfõ wdydr
ksfhda. u`.ska wjOdrKh lr we;s wdydr wdrlaIs;;djfha uQ,sl lreKq o imqrd,hs'
hïlsis l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrK wdh;khla fuu m%ñ;shg wkql+<j ;u
msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh mj;ajdf.k hdug woyia lrkafka kï uq,ska u l<hq;= jkafka
fuu fmd;a msxfpys we;=,;a lr we;s Ndú;hka yd wjYH;djhka f.dkqlr .ksñka
msßlaiqï ,ehsia;=jla ilia lsßuhs' bkamiq uq¿ msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,shu wëlaIKh
lrñka oekg mj;sk Ndú;hka m%ñ;sfhys i`oyka jk Ndú;hka iu`. ikaikaokh l<
hq;=h' tu`.ska msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfha we;s wvqmdvq yd ÿ¾j,;d y`ÿkd .; yel' tu
wvqmdvq yd ÿ¾j,;d u`.yrjd .ekSug .;hq;= ls%hdud¾. y`ÿkdf.k ksjerÈ wjYH;d
;;a;ajhka ia:dms; l< hq;=h' ish¿u wjYH;djhka msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh ;=,
iïmQ¾K l< miqj tu wjYH;djhka l<ukdlrKh lsÍug yd md,kh lsÍug wod, jQ
f,aLk yd jd¾;d ;nd .ekSu l< hq;=h' bkamiqj msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh jd¾;d.;
ie,iqug wkqj ls%hd;aul jkafka oehs kej; wëlaIKh l< hq;=h' GMP m%ñ;sfhys wvx.=
wjYH;djhka ish,a,u we;=,;a l< uQ,sl f,aLkh kï GMP w;afmd;hs (GMP Manual)'
wfkl=;a jd¾;d u`.ska tla tla wjYH;djhka yd Ndú;hka isÿjk wdldrh wëlaIKhlska
hq;=j f,aLk .; lrhs' tu jd¾;d mÍlaIdj ;=,ska mßieliqïlrK wjYH;djhka
ls%hd;aul ùfuys iM,;djh ms<sn`oj wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug ´kEu md¾Yajhlg
yelshdj ,efí' fuu f,aLk yd jd¾;d ilia lsÍug oekqu we;s fiajlhka ;u wdh;kh
;=< isàkï uqo,a jeh lsÍulska f;drj tajd iE§u Tjqka ,jd isÿ lrjd .; yel' tfia
fkdue;s kï ;j md¾Yajhlf.a iyh ta i`oyd ,nd .; hq;= fõ' tu l¾;jH i`oyd
hïlsis uqo,la jeh lsÍug isÿfõ'
tfukau u wdh;kh GMP m%ñ;s iy;slh ,nd .ekSug woyia lrkafka kï tu
iy;sllrK fiajdjka imhk wdh;khla y`ÿkd.; hq;=h' my; i`oyka ld¾hdxYh yd
wdh;k tu fiajh ,ndfok ia:dk w;=ßka lSmhls'
üYS% ,xld m%ñ;s ld¾hdxYh
üSGS ,xld mqoa.,sl iud.u
üfldkafg%d,a hQkshka
übkafvlaiafmda iy;sllrK iud.u
üìhqfrda fjßgdia ,xld mqoa.,sl iud.u
üDNV. GL
32
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

f;dard.kakd fuu iy;sllrK fiajd imhk wdh;k iïnkaO lr.;a úg uq,skau
isÿjkqfha tu wdh;kh úiska msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh ms<sn`oj uQ,sl wëlaIKhla
meje;aùuhs' tu`.ska GMP m%ñ;sh yd wkql+, ùu i`oyd msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sfhys
isÿl< hq;= fjkialï yd ÈhqKq l< hq;= wx.hka fmkajd fokq we;' tajd ie,ls,a,g .ksñka
tajd msßieliqïlrK moaO;sh ;=, ia:dms; l< hq;=h' tu iy;sllrK wdh;kh u`.ska
kej; wjYH;d imqrd,Su ms<sn`oj wëlaIKh lr Tjqka ;Dma;shg meñfKkafka kï m%ñ;s
iy;slh ksl=;a lrkq we;' fuu GMP m%ñ;s iy;slh wjqreÿ m;d w¿;a l< hq;=h' tu
w¿;a lsÍu lrkq ,nkafka ú.Kkhla ;=,sks' iy;slh ,nd ÿka wdh;h kej; ls%hdj,sh
wëlaIKh lr ish¨u wjYH;djhka m%ñ;shg wod,j §¾>ld,Skj isÿ fjkjdoehs fidhd
n,d tu iy;slh w¿;a lsÍu isÿ lrhs' idudkHfhka fufia fiajh imhk iy;slrK
wdh;khla u`.ska iy;slh ,nd .ekSug wod, uq¿ ls%hdj,shg u re' 35"000$} la muK
jehjk w;r fuu uqo, f;dard.kakd wdh;kh wkqj fjkia úh yel'
GMP m%ñ;s iy;slh ;=,ska l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrejka i`oyd ,nd.; yels m%fhdack'
lGMP m%ñ;sfhys wjYH;djhka ;u msßieliqïlrK moaO;sh ;=, ls%hd;aul lsÍug
wjYH ish¿ iajia:;d myiqlï ,nd Èug l<ukdlrejka lemfõ' tu`.ska ;;a;aj
md,kh yd wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsßug Tjqka wfmalaId lrhs'
lfuu ls%hdj,sh ;=,ska wdydr iajia:;djh ms<sn`oj fiajlhkaf.a oekqu j¾Okh jk
w;r tu oekqu ;=<ska Tjqka wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsßug wod, Tjqkaf.a
j.lSï wjfndaO lr .kS'
lwdydr msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh ;=, mek ke`.sh yels ksIamdÈ; j, ;;a;ajh yd
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn`o .eg¿ wju lr.; yels w;r tu`.ska ksIamdÈ; j,
isÿúh yels kdia;sh j<lajd .; yel'
lwe;súh yels .eg¿ l,a;shd y`ÿkd .ekSug wjia:dj ie,fik w;r tuksid tajd
ksrdlrKh lsßug yd md,kh lsßug bv m%ia:dj ie,fia'
lwdydr kS;s yd ksfhda. j,g wkql+,j wdydr msßieliqïlrKhg bv ie,fia' tuksid
wdh;khg isÿúh yels kS;suh .eg¿j<lajd .;yel'
lwdh;kh yd ksIamdÈ; flfrys foaYShj yd úfoaYShj we;s ms,s.ekSu jeäfõ'
lmdßfNda.slhd ;=< ksIamdÈ; ms<sn`oj È.=ld,Skj mj;sk úYajdihla f.dv kef.a'
33
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

34
bÈß oelau
l=re`ÿ l¾udka;h wfkl=;a l¾udka; yd ii`ok úg YS% ,xld wd¾Ólhg jeä
odhl;ajhla imhhs' fuu l¾udka;h Èfkka Èku jeäÈhqKq jk nj fndfyda fokdf.a
u;hhs' úfoaYSh fj<`ofmdf,ys oekg we;s b,a¨u mj;ajd .ekSug;a" we;sjk
;r`.ldÍ;ajhg uqyqK Èug;a l=re`ÿ l¾udka;lrejka iQodkï ù isáh hq;=h' ta i`oyd
úfoaYSh fj<`odfï § imqrd,sh hq;= wjYH;d fyd`Èka wjfndaOlr .; hq;=h' fuu wjYH;d
w;=ßka j¾:udkfha § jeäu wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;= wjYH;djh jkafka wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍuhs' wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn`o m%ñ;s iy;sl ;u ksIamdÈ;
i`oyd ,nd .ekSu" fï i`oyd wkq.ukh l< hq;= ms<sfj;hs' wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn`o
l<ukdlrK moaO;s j,g wod, m%ñ;s iy;sl ,nd .ekSu ;=,ska msßieliqïlrK ls%hdj,sh
ksjerÈ wdldrfhka isÿjk nj;a yd fuu ksIamdÈ; Ndú;fhka mdßfNda.slhdg Wmøj we;s
fkdjk nj;a iy;sl l< yel'
YS% ,xldj ;=, we;s úúO ixúOdk" fuu m%ñs; iy;sllrKh l=reÿ ksIamdolhka yd
msßieliqïlrejka w;r m%j¾Okh lsÍug W;aidy lrk w;r YS% ,xld l=¿nvq uKav,h yd
YS% ,xld wmkhk m%j¾Ok uKav,h fuu wruqK idlaId;a lr .ekSu i`oyd fkdfhl=;a
jevigyka Èh;a lr we;'
tu jevigyka u`.ska l=re`ÿ ksIamdÈ; m%ñ;s iy;sllrKh i`oyd l=re`ÿ
msßieliqïlrejkaj fmd<Ujk w;r tfia ia:dms; l<hq;= wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms<sn`o
l<ukdlrK moaO;s w;=ßka GMP yd HACCP moaO;s i`oyd jeä wjOdkhla fhduq lr
we;' tkuq;a l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrejka ;=, fï i`oyd we;s Wkkaÿj m%udKj;a fkdjk nj
meyeÈ,s lreKls' fuhg fya;= f,i is;sh yelafla msßieliqïlrejkaf.a wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍfï jeo.;alu ms<sn`oj we;s u`o wjfndaOh yd ksIamdÈ;
iy;sllrKh ;=<ska wdh;khg ,efnk fláld,Sk yd È.= ld,Sk m%;s,dN ms<sn`oj
woyila fkdue;s ùu njhs'
tkuq;a l=re`ÿ msßieliqïlrejka uQ,slju wjfndaO lr.; hq;= lreK jkafka l=re`ÿ
ksIamdokfhys yd msßieliqïlrKfhys §¾>ld,Skj /`§ isàug kï wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh
;yjqre l< hq;= njhs' foaYShj yd úfoaYshj fï i`oyd bÈßm;a ú we;s kS;s" ksfhda. yd
m%ñ;Ska ms<s fkdme§fuka ;u wdh;kj,g kS;suh .eg¿ j,g mjd uqyqK §ug isÿjkq we;'
fuu kS;s" ksfhda. yd m%ñ;Ska ;u jHdmdrh l=uk mßudKfhka isÿlrkjd o hkak u;
n,fkdmdhs'
l=vd mßudK mßieliqïlrefjl=g fyda ksIamdolfhl=g mjd fuu lreKq wod< fõ'
tuksid l=re`ÿ l¾udka;hg wod, ish¨ md¾Yajhka l=re`ÿ ksIamdokfha § yd
msßieliqïlrKfha § wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍug tlsfkldg mejÍ we;s j.lSu
ksjerÈ f,i wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h' tu wjfndaOh iys;j yd tu wruqK idlaId;a lr
.ekSug GMP yd HACCP jeks m%ñ;s iy;sllrKfha jeo.;alu o wjfndaO lr.; hq;=h'
wdrïNhla f,i msßieliqïlrK moaO;sfha wdydr ijia:;djh ms<sn`o wjYH;djhka
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

35
ia:dms; lr GMP m%ñ;s iy;slh ,nd ;=,ska wdydr wdrlaIs;;djhg wod< wä;d,u ilia
l<hq;=h' bkamiqj jeä ÈhqKqjla yd ms<s.ekSula ,nd .ekSu i`oyd HACCP jeks wdydr
wdrlaIs;;djh mq¨,a oelaulska ;yjqre lrk l<uKdlrK moaO;shlg wod, m%ñ;s
iy;sllrKh olajd ;u wdh;kh f.k hd hq;=h' tfukau fuu l<ukdlrK moaO;s
wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ;yjqre lsÍug wu;rj ;;a;aj md,kh" iïm;a l<ukdlrKh yd
.eg¿j,g uqyqK §u i`oyd mQ¾j ie,iqïlrKh jeks m%fhdack o ,nd fok nj wjfndaO
lr .ekSu o jeo.;a fõ' fuu`.ska uQ,slju wdydr wdrlaIs;;djh ms,sn`o kS;s yd ksfhda.
j,g wkql+, ùug ,eîu;a yd È.=ld,Skj mdßfNda.slhdf.a úYajdih Èkd .ekSug;a bv
ie,fia'
l=re÷ ksIamdolhka i|yd jQ hym;a msßieliqïlrK ms<sfj;a
(GMP) ms<sn| ud¾f.damfoaYh

ISBN 978-955-3959-00-3
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a l¾udka; ixj¾Ok uKav,h ^UNIDO&" YS% ,xld l=¿nvq uKav,h ^The Spice Council&
iu`. tlaj fuu .%ka:h m%ldYkhg m;alrk ,§'
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