Content uploaded by Ramzi Abumuaileq
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Ramzi Abumuaileq on Sep 04, 2021
Content may be subject to copyright.
Coffee & Hereditary Hair Loss
„Alopecia Androgenetica“
New study and new insight
Current theories are questioned
The end of the era Hereditary Hair Loss
Author: Dr. Ramzi Abumuaileq , Palestinian Ministry of Health
Graduation: M.D. University of Cologne / Germany
Worked at: University Hospital Zurich / Swizerland
Total research time: 2009-2019
Contact information
E-Mail: dr.r.abumuaileq@outlook.de
Telefon: 00970599693180
00970592530094
Adress: Deir Al Balah / Gaza / Palestine
Word count: 1702
Figures and tables: 5
1
Abstract
Background: Study of the historical information and finds showed few presents of today's bald head
„AGA“. The deeper we look in the past the less it appears to be present.
We've noticed a link between the historic coffee spread and the baldness spread. Countries in east
asia have been showing increasing in the baldness prevalence since coffee imports.
Methods: We conducted a two stage study. In the first stage we conducted a survey on 1466 People.
We divided them in two groups, with and without relevant bald areas.
In the second stage we conducted an experimental study on 320 experimentees with hair loss and
bald areas. Thus we divided them in 4 groups and tested the coffee effect with and without
exposure.
Results: A significant common denominator among the people with relevant bald areas in the survey
at stage 1 was exposure to coffee.
In stage 2 groups protected from coffee exposure including protection from volatile coffee
compounds shows a significant new hair growth and a significant decline of the bald areas and
compeletly stop of the hair loss.
Conclusions: The hair loss according to Norwood-Hamilton pattern occurs on the effect of coffee or
coffee compounds in the first line.
Introduction
The baldness according to Norwood-Hamilton pattern „AGA“ is a plague of humanity since many
centuries. It hits millions of people in an upward trend, doctors, poets, thinkers, popes, kings,
presidents and well-known personalities. And the cause is not finally clarified. There are to much
assumptions and superstitions. Currently, in some region, Turkey as example the rate of bald heads
there reaches over 67.1% of men in average and reaches over 90% in men over 70 years old1. In India
the rate of bald heads reaches 58% of men under 50 years old2, and the prevalence increases with
age. According to Hamilton's study in 1951 the prevalenz of AGA reaches approximately 50% in men
at the age of 50. Recently according to the American Hair Loss Association by the age of 50
approximately 85% of men will have significant hair thinning. The observation in the last decads
shows even an increase in regions traditionally known for high rates of balding. Other regions with so
far lower rates are currently showing rising rates, following this trend3. The research shows that the
trend of balding had its origin around and after the 12th century, mainly in the mediterranean area.
However, it began to expand between the 15th and 16th century and later became an omnipresent
problem. We can observe this happening by increased mention in the literature as well as sculptures
originating from this time, but also the newly created wigs culture of the 17 century. The old history
shows that this phenomenon in its current known form was not a trendy or less present. As we have
seen it through sculptures and finds of earlier times, particularly in sculptures and finds of
Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, but even in the original Roman and Greek finds unlike some copies
after the 14th century. The clear trend was to see a full head of hair until old age and even without
relevant receding hairline.
2
Now, what has changed in the last few centuries? What came new in the world? Has the genetics of
humans changed or was the Dihydrotestosterone "DHT" what is the body's own at one time on
certain hair follicles without the others incompatible?
Much more coffee is the new thing in the world, it's the new healer. We noticed that the coffee
culture and baldness spread at the same time around 12th to 16th century and conquered the entire
Mediterranean area. In the same context, until yet this region shows so far the highest values of
baldness in the world.
At the same period of time, the Kippah has spread among Jews, the Taqiyah among Muslims and the
Zucchetto among Christians. And so this became after that the culture of each group. Later in the
17th century we saw the wig among the Europeans7-11.
The historical research shows the same common course of coffee spreading and the well-known
rituals of hiding the bald spot.
The evolution of the examined values over the time line, in percent for the respective groups
The baldness phenomenon become later so firmly anchored in people's consciousness that they saw
it as a natural phenomenon. They probably thought this had been everytime like that, and it
appeared repeatedly in the history books and works like something very normal. To date, scientists
are searching in genetics for guilty, but without success.
This is not the only aspect that we observed, the evidence has increased enormously that we would
have to scientifically check whether coffee has an effect on balding or not. See additional information
and discussion.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
-3000 -1500 -500 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2019 2100
Coffee spreading
Baldness
Taqyah
Kippah
Zucchetto
Wigs & other means
Chart 1: Shows the relation between coffee spreading and baldness or the means against over the time line
Data according to the references 4-11
3
Study
We conducted a two stage study. In the first stage, we asked 1466 male subjects between the ages of
22 and 45 about their lifestyle and circumstances, and we asked particularly three questions as
shown below. Among those were 716 persons with clearly visible bald areas and 750 persons with no
relevant bald areas. In the second stage we performed an experiment with 320 subjects.
People with alopecia areata, a. universalis or patients under the influence of chemotherapy were
excluded. Because we wanted to investigate exactly the cause of hereditary hair loss and not the
other forms of hair loss. So the patient must have a bald head that can be classified according to the
Norwood-Hamliton pattern and the hair loss must be in the crown area.
Methods
Stage 1
1466 people were interviewed and divided into two groups. First group counts 716 people
who had bald areas. The second group counts 750 people without relevant bald areas.
Both groups 1&2 were asked the same questions as follows:
1- Do you drink coffee daily or are you exposed to coffee flavor every day?
2- Do you occasionally drink coffee or are you occasionally exposed to coffee flavor?
3- Do you rarely drink coffee or are you rarely exposed to coffee flavor?
Respondents could answer these 3 questions with yes or no.
Stage 2
320 male subjects with hair loss problems participated in the experiment, they were between the
ages of 19 and 40. They were selected according to their degree of baldness and divided into two
main groups. The first group included persons with visible bald areas, there were 280 subjects. The
second group included persons with hair loss without visible bald areas, there were 40 subjects
between the ages of 19 and 27 years.
First group was divided into two subgroups of 140 persons each, group 1 A and group 1 B.
Group 1 A was asked to give up coffee completely, but also coffee flavor should be avoided.
Group 1 B was asked to eat healthily but continue to drink coffee as usual.
Second group was divided into two subgroups of 20 people each. Group 2 A and Group 2 B.
Group 2 A was asked to give up coffee completely, but also coffee flavor should be avoided.
4
Group 2 B was asked to drink more coffee. At least 3 cups spread throughout the day.
We did monthly image checks. And each time we asked the participants how they felt about it and
how they kept to the commandment.
Outcomes
Stage 1
From group 1 „people with bald areas“ have 620 people answered the question - Do you drink
coffee daily or are you exposed to coffee flavor daily? - with yes. From group 2 „people without
relevant bald areas“ have 80 people answered the same question with yes.
To the second question - Do you occasionally drink coffee or are you occasionally exposed to coffee
flavor? - answered 90 from group 1 with yes and 300 from group 2 with yes.
To the third question - Do you rarely drink coffee or are you rarely exposed to coffee flavor? -
answered only 6 from group 1 with yes and 370 from group 2 with yes.
In chart 2 & 3, the relation between coffee exposure and baldness is clearly visible in the 1466 people survey.
Group 1
1. Daily coffee exposed
2. Occasionally coffee exposed
3. Rarely coffee exposed
Chart 2: Shows that the most bald people have a coffe exposure, in 87% daily and in 12% occasionally.
5
Stage 2
21 subjects in group 1 A "which was asked to keep away from coffee" have abandoned the attempt.
119 continued with for at least 3 months. In 108 subjects, we could see new hair growth and a
decline of bald areas after 3 months at the latest. In subjects with hair loss, this has completely
stopped within the first month. 10 subjects showed stable conditions. The younger the subject was
the stronger the decline of baldness. Another part of the subjects we could track over a longer period
than 3 months. We found a period of 6 months is better to document a clear difference for before
and after.
11 subjects in group 1 B "which was asked to continue with coffee as usual" have abandoned the
attempt. The experiment continued with 129 subjects. After 3 months, 69 subjects showed
worsening. 59 subjects showed stable conditions. No relevant improvement was recorded.
3 subjects in group 2 A "which was asked to keep away from coffee" have canceled the experiment.
17 subjects participated in the experiment for 8 weeks. In 16 subjects hair loss has stopped
completely.
4 subjects in group 2 B "which was asked to drink more coffee" have canceled the experiment. 16
subjects participated for 8 weeks. In 14 subjects, we could see a significant deterioration. 2 subjects
showed stable conditions. No improvement was noted.
The 40 subjects in group 2 were individuals who showed initial hair loss, thus showing sensitivity to
coffee. This has increased with the increase in coffee quantity and have improved a lot when they
leave it out.
Group 2
1. Daily coffee exposed
2. Occasionally coffe exposed
3. Rarly coffee exposed
Chart 3: Shows that people without bald areas in average have less coffe exposure than people with bald areas.
6
In chart 4 the coffee effect on progression of baldness or decline can be seen very well.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Group 1 A Group 1 B Group 2 A Group 2 B
Stable conditions
Deterioration
Improvement
Canceled
Chart 4: Shows coffee effect on all groups
7
Our assessment shows that people show a different sensitivity to coffee compounds, where the
hereditary component plays a role „sensitivity to coffee compounds“. Tissue anatomy and
metabolism vary depending on the genetic. Approximately 40% of men react to coffee compounds
with hair loss and baldness within 1-10 years. Another 40% react delayed and get a visible bald head
after 10 to 30 years or more. The remaining 20% are not sensitive or less sensitive. And here's the
difficulty, why no one could find the cause of hair loss until now. It is up to the 20% who are not
sensitive. They have camouflaged this effect.
We can summarize the following: Not every coffee drinker is bald but almost every bald head
according to Norwood-Hamliton pattern is exposed in a way to coffee compounds.
Conclusions:
The hair loss according to Norwood-Hamilton pattern occurs on the effect of coffee or coffee
compounds in the first line. Hereditary is only the degree of sensitivity of individuals on coffee
compounds. Some individuals respond in very short time to very small amounts and some take much
longer time and need larger amounts.
Abbreviations:
AGA: Alopecia androgenetica
ANH: Alopecia according to Norwood-Hamilton
Acknowledgment: I confirm that I have not received any funds from any side. I have been
following and completing this work myself.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8
Additional information and discussion:
Currently the coffee effect can be observed clearly on tea cultures in east asia as they since decades
gradually evolve into coffee cultures. Japan and South Korea but also China are good examples. They
have been showing lower levels of bald heads than the Mediterranean and Europian until recently,
but they have been catching up lately.
A chart example of Japan. Here it is clear to see the relation between increasing coffee consumption and
increasing number of bald people. Similar increase in both values in many asian countries.
We can also observe the same developments in South Korea. Since the beginning of the 20th
century, South Korea has gradually developed into coffee culture, while the last 30 years have been
the culmination of this development12-14. To notice is too, that in 20 years trend between 1990-2010
the number of the AGA under the alopecia patient is nearly doubled from 38.9% to 76.7% 3&15.
The next chart shows the relation between coffee consumption and AGA prevalence among alopecia
patients between 1990-2010. This also indicate an increase in the general AGA prevalence among the
korean population.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
1,7 kg per capita
1982/83
3,2 kg per capita
2003/04
Coffee consumption and prevalence of baldness in Japan
1982-2004
Baldness
Chart 5: Shows the relation between coffee consumption and the prevalence of baldness in the case of Japan
Data according to All Japan Coffee Association & a survey conducted by Aderans Co.Ltd Japan
9
If we compare the data from the Chung-Ang University Hospital in Seoul between 1990 to 1993 and 2007 to
2010. Then we would see a significant progression in baldness among Koreans. Within 4 years between the
years 1990-1993, 286 male patients with AGA visited "The Department of Dermatology" at Chung-Ang
University Hospital. In the same 4 years period 17 years later between 2007 and 2010, 701 male patients with
AGA visited the same hospital for treatment. So we have an increase in incidence of 145% within 17 years. So
we estimate that the prevalence of AGA among Korean men 1990 and bevor would have to be around 10% or
below. 2010 the prevalance of AGA reaches over 20% and the trend is increasing so that we expect it will reach
over 30% in the next survey if the coffee trend continues. The age of AGA onset is also gradually decreased
from 34.1±10.1 years 2006 to 31.6±10.9 years 20103.
Between 1997-1999, the prevalence of baldness among Korean men was 14.1%, thus about 6.4 million korean
men until 2000 were affected16, in 2010 this nummber increased to about 10 million men with a prevalence
Increases to about 20-22% and the number is constantly increasing 17&18.
Interestingly, similar consumption of coffee quantity in Japan and South Korea shows closer "AGA" prevalence
numbers.
With consumption of 1.7 kg of coffee per capita in the years 1982/83 in Japan, the AGA prevalence there was
15.6% and with consumption of 1.4 kg of coffee per capita in the year 1999 in South Korea, the AGA prevalence
was 14.1% there. The numbers have continued to rise and the prevalence is rising and getting closer and closer.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1,17 kg per capita
1990
2,63 kg per capita
2010
Coffee consumption and prevalence of AGA among
alopecia patients in South Korea 1990-2010
AGA Baldness among alopecia
patients
Chart 6: Shows the relation between the increase of coffee consumption and the increase of AGA among alopecia patients
Data according to the international coffee organization (ico) and Chung-Ang University hospital in Seoul.
10
5
0,00%
1,00%
2,00%
3,00%
4,00%
5,00%
6,00%
Both are growing at a CAGR of 5.5%
Global alopecia market
Global coffee market
This comparison shows how similar coffee quantity show similar baldness prevalence compared Japan to South
Korea.
This shows also a 2% increased sensitivity to coffee of the Koreans as the Japanese, otherwise it is only due to
the accuracy of the data. Calculated as follows: 1.4/(1.4+1.7)x100 = 45% this number meets 47% baldness
prevalence equivalent, it shows increase in 2%.
The global trade statistics for the next few years also show clearly the relation between the two values
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Prevalence of baldness
1.4 kg coffee consumption per
capita in South Korea 1999
1.7 kg coffee consumption per
capita in Japan 1982
Chart 8: Shows the relation between the global coffee market and the global alopecia market for the next few years
Data according to Mordor Intelligence & Inkwoodresearch 19&20
Chart 7: Compare the coffee quantity and the baldness prevalence in comparison between Japan and South Korea
According to the data above
11
The current flood of studies on the very healthy effect of coffee „caffeine“ is encouraging more and
more people to become coffee drinkers and this boosts the hair loss effect very clearly.
Could coffee be that harmful? let us make a look deeper into the coffee compounds.
Coffee under the magnifying glass.
Coffee does not just contain caffeine, we think further than just looking at studies on caffeine.
Dissolved active substances as well as volatile active substances are in our focus.
The coffee aroma contains many bioactive compounds, there are far more than 1000 compounds. In
the picture below is a result of an analysis of the coffee aroma with the Gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry "GC-MS". Here you could see the immense density of chemical compounds. Among
them are proven harmful compounds.
To read the GC-MS analysis, proceed as shown in Picture 3.
Picture 3: It shows how to proceed with the GC-MS analysis
Picture 2: GC-MS analysis of coffee compounds
12
We take only two compounds as an example of the harmful effect.
Carbon disulfide:
Carbon disulfide is good fat-soluble, it is easily absorbed through the lungs and skin. Prolonged exposure leads
to symptoms of intoxication:
Coronary heart disease, retinal angiopathy, color discrimination, effects on peripheral nerves,
psychophysiological effects, morphological and other central nervous system (CNS) effects, and fertility and
hormonal effects. Decreased libido and or impotence among males occupationally exposed to high
concentrations of carbon disulfide.
Menstrual disorders are more frequent than in the case of the healthy women, the average menopausal age is
statistically earlier, and complex disturbances in neurohormonal system including diminished secretion of
estrogens and progesterone in ovaries and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in the adrenal gland.
DNA damage in human buccal cells of workers occupationally long-term exposed to carbon disulfide was
monitored with comet assay, and the possibility of DNA damage was significantly higher in exposure group
than that in control group. In human sperm exposed to carbon disulfide in vitro, there was a significant
increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and in the frequency of chromosomal breaks. DNA
damage in mice sperm was detected. In experimental animals, carbon disulfide is embryotoxic and fetotoxic at
high concentrations and is teratogenic at exposure levels toxic to the dam. Reduced hatching and
developmental effects, particularly notochord deformities, were observed in the frog Microhyla ornata
exposed to carbon disulfide.
Neurological effects such as hind-limb motor difficulties, reduced nerve conduction velocity, and degeneration
of nerve fibers were seen in rats exposed to 700 ppm of carbon disulfide for 5 hours a day, 5 days a week, for
12 weeks. Other behavioral effects in rats included decreased responsiveness to a visual stimulus and mild
tremors, reactivity in response to handling was increased, and excitability in the open field was decreased.24-25
Cresol:
Cresols is good fat-soluble, it is easily absorbed through the lungs and skin. Cresol can be perceived as odorous
even in concentrations of a few micrograms per cubic meter of air. Contaminated open mucous membranes
(oral cavity, nose, anus) they go directly into the blood, where they are rapidly distributed in the body and lead
to multiple protein damage to the internal organs.
Poisoning causes quite unspecific symptoms. Signs of chronic poisoning include headache, cough and nausea,
loss of appetite, and dullness and insomnia. Acute poisoning with kidney damage and central nervous system
disorders such as seizures, unconsciousness and respiratory paralysis can be the result. Cresols are considered
carcinogenic.
Phenols and especially cresols have a strong protein decomposition. Because they are highly corrosive, they
cause acute skin damage on contact with the skin, destroy the protein of the skin cells and overcome the
protective mechanism of the skin, which is slightly acidic, almost immediately.
In mice exposed to a mixture of o-cresol aerosol and vapor 2 hr/day, 6 days/week for 1 month no mortality was
recorded. Clinical signs of toxicity during the daily exposure periods were limited to signs of respiratory
13
irritation at the start of the exposure, followed by a period of hypoactivity lasting until the end of the exposure.
Microscopic examination revealed signs of irritation in the respiratory tract. Other lesions included
degeneration of heart muscle, liver, kidney and nerve cells and glial elements of the central nervous system.
Hair depigmentation and microscopic effects on hair and skin biopsies. Repeats rough coat in experimental
animals.
Without immediate initiation of countermeasures, cresols can have a life-threatening effect even in small
quantities.26-27
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discussion:
As we have shown above, coffee is the cause of the development and spreading of hair loss and
baldness ANH. Other hair loss forms such as alopecia areata were not considered here.
How does the coffee effect come about and why does it mainly affect the crown?
Possibly, in the coffee or in the coffee aroma volatile compounds with a light density accumulate
there at the highest point and remain trapped in a way and trigger an inflammatory reaction or a
tissue-damaging effect.
Why are women less affected than men and why do women show a different reaction pattern than
men?
Men and women have different physiology and different types of hair and fat.
Possible reasons could be e.g. on physiology, tissue anatomy or the different reparative mechanisms
of the two sexes.
The reparative mechanisms in women and young people could be more effective than those of adult
men. Possibly in females the female hormone could play an effect.
Women's tissue anatomy could possibly tolerate more damage than the male.
The physiological status of the man could potentially trigger stronger or aggressive repair attempts,
resulting in repeated reactions to tissue damage. Possibly male hormone could have an effect here.
Or there are predominantly in women but also in some men a metabolic situation which makes
coffee effect more compatible. Or all the above factors play complementary roles for each other.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The theory of the determined genetics, which says hair loss ANH is a genetically determined
phenomenon, would need to be reformed. And also the theory of the androgens need to be
reformed as well.
14
Here we show a summary in picture series, which makes the topic easier to understand.
Determined genetics occurs without trigger, it begins at birth, or begins directly and could progress
as the process progresses. A phenomenon that occurs in average after at least 18 years and which
must first be triggered is not a determined genetics. However, there would be genetic susceptibility if
the trigger factor affects it, so the phenomenon then becomes visible.
To accuse the DHT as a trigger factor is not tenable for many reasons.
15
For example, DHT is present in abundant concentration in the organism before the age of 18, and
continuously decreases after the age of 40. But the hair loss usually does not occur before the age of
18, and in many people the baldness develops after the age of 40 years. Respectively for what
reasons should the hair follicles not tolerate the DHT at once? And why only the hair follicles in the
crown and not the remaining hair follicles?
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our recommendation:
It is important to formulate a new definition for the above-discussed hair loss form, where it is now
quite clear that the term hereditary or hormone-induced hair loss is no longer appropriate.
We recommend treating coffee the same way as smoking. Excluding coffee from workplaces and
confined spaces would put an end to baldness at early age.
The therapy of young people with hair loss according to Hamliton-Norwood Pattern is the complete
protection from coffee and coffee compounds especially in the coffee aromas. At latest after 3
months, the first signs of improvement should be noticeable.
We appeal to the decision-maker to check whether coffee is really suitable for human consumption.
Because we found a link to certain diseases during our work. Such as hypertention, heart arrhythmia,
bowel disease, hemorrhoid, memory and impaired concentration, hand tremors, increased sweating
and seborrheic dermatitis.
16
References
1- Salman KE, Altunay IK, Kucukunal NA, Cerman AA. Frequency, severity and related factors of
androgenetic alopecia in dermatology outpatient clinic: hospital-based cross-sectional study in
Turkey. An Bras Dermatol. 2017 Jan-Feb; 92(1): 35–40.
2- Shankar DS K, Chakravarthi M, Shilpakar R. Male Androgenetic Alopecia: Population-Based
Study in 1,005 Subjects. Int J Trichology. 2009 Jul-Dec; 1(2): 131–133.
3- Jang WS, Son IP, Yeo IK, Park KY, Li K, Kim BJ. The Annual Changes of Clinical Manifestation
of Androgenetic Alopecia Clinic in Korean Males and Females: A Outpatient-Based Study. nn
Dermatol. 2013 May; 25(2): 181–188.
4- Ukers WH. All about Coffee. 1th ed. New York. THE TEA AND COFFEE TRADE JOURNAL
COMPANY, 1922:1-131
5- Weinberg BA, Bealer BK. The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most
Popular Drug. 1th ed. New York: Routledge, 2001:1-384
6- Pohl H. The European Discovery of the World and its Economic Effects on Pre-Industrial Society,
1500–1800. 1th ed. Stuttgart. F. Steiner 1990:1-330
7- Braun J. Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 15, 1913:Zucchetto
8- Philippi D. Sammlung Philippi – Kopfbedeckungen in Glaube, Religion und Spiritualität. Leipzig
St. Benno Verlag, 2009.
9- Friedmann JL. Kippot in Jewish Custom. Passover Edition of the Jewish Magazine, April
2008:The practice of wearing kippot make its way into the Shulhan Arukh (Jewish Code of Law)
mid-16th century.
10- Goldschmidt L. Der Babylonische Talmud. 1. Auflage. Jüdischer Verlag. Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg.
2002:3687-3688
11- Ibn Battuta. Rihla "A Masterpiece to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the
Marvels of Travelling" (
). 1304-1377. Al-Ihsan Printing
Press, Bibliotheca Alexandrina 1904:1-577
12- Pipunic A. Korean Coffee Culture 101 – History & Timeline. Perfect Daily Grind. 06.11.2015
13- Gray D. The History of Coffee in Korea. Fieramilano. 17.07.2015
14- Ho-jung W. A history of coffee in Korea. Koreaherald. Feb 3, 2017
15- Han ES , Kim MN , Hong CK , Ro BI. A Clinical Study of Androgenetic Alopecia. Korean J
Dermatol. 1995 Feb;33(1):44-52.
16- Paik JH,Yoon JB, Sim WY, Kim BS, Kim NI. The prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia in
Korean men and women. Br J Dermatol. 2001 Jul;145(1):95-9
17- Chu M. Koreans increasingly seeking out hair loss treatment. Koreabiomed. 17.07.2018
18- KoreaTechDesk Editor. Korean company Match helping men with receding hairline. August 31,
2019
19- Inkwoodresearch. GLOBAL ALOPECIA (HAIR LOSS) TREATMENT MARKET FORECAST
2019-2027.
20- Mordor Intelligence. COFFEE MARKET - GROWTH, TRENDS AND FORECASTS (2019 -
2024).
21- Piofczyk T. Untersuchung zur Röstung von Kaffeebohnen und dabei entstehender Emissionen in
der Wirbelschicht. Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg 2008/09.
22- Titze K. Massenselektive Laserspektroskopiekalter chiraler Molekülsysteme im Überschallstrahl.
Technische Universität München. 2014.
23- Dorfner R. ONLINE-TECHNIKEN ZUR ECHTZEIT-ANALYSE VON FLÜCHTIGEN
VERBINDUNGEN IN KAFFEE-RÖSTGASEN. Technische Universität München. 2004
17
24- Theorell T, Jood K, Jarvholm LS, Vingard E, Perk J, Ostergren PO, et al. A systematic review of
studies in the contributions of the work environment to ischaemic heart disease development. Eur
J Public Health 2016;26:470-7
25- Source: HSDB
Record Name: Carbon disulfide
URL: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/52
Description: HSDB is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially
hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency
handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related
areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.
26- Source: HSDB
Record Name: o-CRESOL
URL: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/1813
Record Name: p-CRESOL
URL: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/1814
Description: HSDB is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially
hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency
handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related
areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.
27- UKREACHCA. SUBSTANCE EVALUATION CONCLUSION as required by REACH Article 48
and EVALUATION REPORT. p-cresol. EC No 203-398-6. March 2016. United Kingdom.
18
