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Journal of Health Promotion Management (JHPM) Original Article Abstract Introduction: With age, the immune system decreases. Improving immune function in the
March -April 2020, Volume 9, Issue 2
The Effect of Pilates Training on Immune Markers in Elderly Men
Mohammad Ebrahim Bahram 1, Marefat Siahkohian 2, Lotfali Bolboli 3, *Mohammad
Javad Pourvaghar4
1- PhD Student in Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education
and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2- Professor, Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and
Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3- Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology,
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran (Corresponding Author)
Email: Vaghar@kashanu.ac.ir
Received: 16 Nov 2019 Accepted: 2 March 2020
Received: 31 July 2019 Accepted: 4 January 2020
© 2020 Iranian Nursing Scientific Association (INA)
Journal of Health Promotion Management (JHPM) Original Article
Abstract
Introduction: With age, the immune system decreases. Improving immune function in the
elderly through exercise has an important role in the health of the elderly. The purpose of
the present study was to determine the effect of twelve weeks of Pilates training on immune
markers in elderly men.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 elderly men with mean age (65 ± 2.81) years
were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups.
Pilates training program was performed for 12 weeks, three days a week for 60 minutes. The
intensity of exercise was controlled by the "Rating of Perceived Exertion" (RPE) Monocytes,
neutrophils, and lymphocytes were measured before and 48 hours after the last training
session. Content validity and Cronbach's alpha were measured. SPSS. 23 was used for data
analysis.
Results: 12 weeks of Pilates training signicantly increased monocyte level (P = 0.001, F
= 315.87) (18.21%) and signicantly decreased neutrophil counts (P = 0.001). P, F = 56.57
(5.65%) and lymph nodes (P = 0.001, F = 31.26) (5.33%) in the experimental group compared
to the control group (P˂0.05).
Conclusions: Pilates exercises for a relatively long time can be effective in stimulating and
altering immune system parameters in the elderly. It is recommended that seniors use this
type of exercise to strengthen their immune systems and improve their health.
Key words: Pilates, Elderly, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Neutrophil, Markers.
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Vaghar@kashanu.ac.ir
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  PerceivedExertion
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        
     
 

    

 
 
 
   
 
 

  
  
 


    
 
T  
 B
    
  
 
 


  
  

 


 
  
  

 

  
 
  


 


  
 
 
 Michishita    Johannsen  

 


  
Shimizu    
 T


 
 
 
 
 
 

   
  

 

   
 




 
 
 

 
  

 



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 "
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
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 
 
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
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 
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" 
SharkeyPhysicalActivity"
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 " 
RPERatingofPerceived" 
BorgExertion
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  
"
"""
 



 

" 
Pfeiffer"  


"  "
 
"  "
 


 " 
" 

 















 

٭






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
 P˂



  
Pvalue
±±
±±
±±


±±
t 
BMI
 
P<
±±
±BMI±
± ±±
±BMI
t

±

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P

F
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
ANCOVA



±

±

±
 ±



±

±

±
 ±


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±

±

±
 ±
 
 
 
t
 P 
P P
P>
±  
 
 ±
 ± 

 
 
FP 
FP 
FP 
P>

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P<
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

 
  
  

Michishita 
  Johannsen 
  

 

  

  

  



 
 

Johannsen 
 
 

  
Malm 
 
  
 
 

 

Shimizu
 
 
   
 


 
 




Michishita
 


 
 

  
Shimizu


 

Green
 Shimizu Hong
 
 
 

 
 
  



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
  
 

 


 

Papacosta&Glrrson
 
 
 
  
Hill


 
 
 
  

 

 
  



  
  
 


  

 
 



IRKUMSREC1397.75288 
 
 
 

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... It has been demonstrated that PT has a beneficial impact on adipokine levels in overweight women when used for 12 weeks, three days per week for 60 minutes [13], as well as serum levels of certain inflammatory markers such as C reactive protein in sedentary women with overweight [14]. Researchers have also shown that PT is a suggested physical activity to promote health and boost the immune system [15,16]. Gronesova et al. [16] reported that 40 weeks were effective in improving natural killer immune cells response and inflammatory milieu in plasma of healthy women [16]. ...
... Gronesova et al. [16] reported that 40 weeks were effective in improving natural killer immune cells response and inflammatory milieu in plasma of healthy women [16]. Moreover, Bahram et al. [15] discovered that 12 weeks of PT increased monocyte level and decreased neutrophils count. ...
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise training on age-related impairment of immune parameters related to T-cell activation in elderly individuals. Twenty-four elderly subjects were assigned to an exercise training group (EXC: 3 men, 9 women; age 61-76 years) or a nonexercise control group (CON: 4 men, 8 women; age 62-79 years). Subjects in EXC participated in exercise sessions 2 d·wk(-1) for 12 weeks. The training session included stretching and endurance exercise (10 minutes), resistance training comprised leg extension, leg press, hip abduction, and hip adduction using exercise machine and each subject's body weight. Subjects in CON maintained their normal physical activity levels during the study period. Blood samples were collected before and after the training period. Samples were measured for the numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes, and for CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD28(+)CD4(+), CD28(+)CD8(+), TRL-4(+)CD14(+), and CD80(+)CD14(+) cells. The number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) cells did not change after 12 weeks in either EXC or CON. The number of CD28(+)CD8(+) cells increased significantly after training in EXC (p ≤ 0.05), although CON showed no significant change. In the EXC group, CD80(+)CD14(+) cell counts were significantly higher after training (p ≤ 0.05), but the TLR-4(+)CD14(+) cell counts were unchanged. In the CON group, no significant alteration existed in TLR-4(+)CD14(+) and CD80(+)CD14(+) cell numbers. In conclusion, exercise training in elderly people is associated with increased CD28-expressing Tc cells and CD80-expressing monocytes. Therefore, exercise training might upregulate monocyte and T-cell-mediated immunity in elderly people.