The vital role of VPN in making secure connection over internet world

Abstract

Network security becomes a major consideration of the current era. Internet provides an enormous ease in almost all the regions like online banking, online shopping, communications, businesses or organisations. Thus, the communication network requires the security of the confidential data stored or transfer over the internet. Due to the quick development of computerized gadgets and their entrance to the internet caused insecurity to user data. Now a days, security and privacy threats has become more and more complicated which amplify the requirement for a modernized protected medium to secure the valuable data into the internet. In this paper, introduced Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a great way to protect devices and information from the hackers. VPN is a private network which operates over a public network transit the encrypted information so that attackers are not able to use it. The purpose of VPN is to provide the different security elements such as authenticity, confidentiality and data integrity that's why these are becoming trendy, low-priced and easy to use. VPN services are available for smart phones, computers and tablets. This paper also concerns about the development, protocols, tunnelling and security of VPN. It is a rising technology which plays a major role in WLAN by providing secure data transmission over Internet.

Full text

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-6, March 2020
2336
Retrieval Number: F8335038620/2020©BEIESP
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.F8335.038620
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
 Abstract: Network security becomes a major consideration of
the current era. Internet provides an enormous ease in almost all
the regions like online banking, online shopping,
communications, businesses or organisations. Thus, the
communication network requires the security of the confidential
data stored or transfer over the internet. Due to the quick
development of computerized gadgets and their entrance to the
internet caused insecurity to user data. Now a days, security and
privacy threats has become more and more complicated which
amplify the requirement for a modernized protected medium to
secure the valuable data into the internet. In this paper,
introduced Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a great way to
protect devices and information from the hackers. VPN is a
private network which operates over a public network transit the
encrypted information so that attackers are not able to use it. The
purpose of VPN is to provide the different security elements such
as authenticity, confidentiality and data integrity that’s why these
are becoming trendy, low-priced and easy to use. VPN services are
available for smart phones, computers and tablets. This paper also
concerns about the development, protocols, tunnelling and
security of VPN. It is a rising technology which plays a major role
in WLAN by providing secure data transmission over Internet.
Keywords: Encryption, Protocol, Tunnelling, Virtual Private
Network (VPN).
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Virtual Private Network (VPN)
VPN is a networking framework which is effect over public
network to secure confidential data shared on the public
network. It rose as a cost effective and upright resolution in
different networking and telecommunication organizations. It
won't give some other outer assistance among them and it
won't permit some other association to intrude on them.
Virtual Private Network (VPN) are most supportive part of
any IT business because it saves the huge cost of
infrastructure by using the open Internet to create highly
protected communication medium from corporate office to
isolated sites and users.
Revised Manuscript Received on March 09, 2020.
* Correspondence Author
Dr. Yogesh Kumar Sharma*, Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Shri JJT University, Churela, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India.
Email: dr.sharmayogeshkumar@gmail.com
Chamandeep Kaur, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Shri JJT University, Churela, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India. Email:
tanutn83@gmail.com
Fig. 1: Virtual Private Network (VPN)
B. History
Fifteen years ago, VPN access was a new concept to most
business. Their origin can be found in Virtual Circuit. Virtual
Circuits service is considered superior to a connection -less
service for handling long messages. VCs are easy to execute
on highly connected networks. The structure of the VC is to
generate a logical path from the source port to the destination
port. This path may integrate numerous hops between routers
for the configuration of the circuit. The final, logical path or
virtual circuit acts in the same way as a direct connection
between the two ports. In such a way, two or more
applications could communicate over a shared network. VC
technology forges ahead with the adjoining of encryption
facilities to the router systems. This new facility stared
converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
Afterwards, other tools were added as tokens authentication.
Unfavorably, the communication lines were still insecure and
these leads to the evolution of secure communication over
open network, a VPN.
C. How does VPN work?
Generally, VPN is a subscriptions-based model. It means
the user must has to download an application from its provider
and signs up for a granted time period to use their private
network to protect the different devices. The price will differ
between providers but usually, this is a monthly payment
which will steadily decrease based upon the time length of the
subscription period (monthly or yearly). Free VPN
applications are also available in the App Store for various
OS. Before using VPN, Remember, your VPN provider may
keep a record of your online activities which may well be
shared with the authorities, should they enquire.
The Vital Role of Virtual Private Network (VPN)
in Making Secure Connection Over Internet
World
Yogesh Kumar Sharma, Chamandeep Kaur

The Vital Role of Virtual Private Network (VPN) in Making Secure Connection Over Internet World
2337
Retrieval Number: F8335038620/2020©BEIESP
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.F8335.038620
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
Fig. 2: How does VPN work?
D. Why we use VPN?
From the consumer’s point of view, the major benefits of
VPNs are that they are significantly cost-effective. The
solution to using VPN technologies is the high speed leased
line. Such lines are costly, difficult to manage and difficult to
keep. The internet provides reliability for VPN users. Even
very remote locations have connection to the internet using
dial – up modems. VPNs guarantee safe communication for
dial – in users. The internet provides the VPN with the
accuracy of services. Mobile users may not be able to use
leased lines to connect with the corporate site and so the only
possible solution is VPN technology.
E. Advantages
 VPNs get rid of Geo – restrictions.
 Online privacy is no longer at risk.
 Protects from cybercriminals.
 Data transfer is encrypted.
 Regional leased lines or even cable networks are all you
need to connect to the internet and use the public
network to tunnel a private connection for sure.
 Cost saving.
II. STRUCTURE OF VIRTUAL PRIVATE
NETWORK (VPN)
A. Tunnel
Tunnelling is a method in which one network packet is
wrapped in another. The encapsulated packet is called the
tunnelled packet and the external packet is called the transport
packet, which encapsulates. All the information contained in
the packet is encrypted at the lowest level, the OSI model’s
link level. As with VPNs, tunnelling concept has been
available for many years. It has been used to bridge internet
portions that have been disjoined capacities or policies. On
the top of the internet protocol, the tunnel acts as a router.
B. Remote Access Virtual Private Network
Remote Access VPN allows a user to connect a private
network remotely access all their services and resources. The
user-private network communication exists through the
Internet and the connection is secure and private. Remote
Access Virtual Network is useful for both home users and
business users.
Fig. 3: Remote Access VPN
C. Site-to-Site Virtual Private Network
Site-to-Site VPN builds a virtual connection between the
networks at geologically isolated offices and links them over
the internet and maintains secure, private network
communication. In this one router acts as a VPN client and
another act a VPN server as it is focused on connectivity
between network and user. If only the authentication between
the two routers is only checked then the connection begins.
Fig. 4: Site-to-site VPN
III. VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN)
PROTOCOLS
A. Point-To-Point Tunnelling Protocol (PPTP)
PPTP builds a tunnel and surrounds the data packet.
Point-To-Point Protocol is used to encrypt the data between
the links. Point-To-Point Tunnelling Protocol is one of the
most frequently used VPN protocols for dial-up networks,
originally developed by Microsoft and has been in use since
Windows was first released. Apart from Windows, PPTP is
also used on both Linux and Mac.
B. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)
IPSec is used throughout an IP network to protect Internet
communication. To provide encryption, IPSec is often
combined with other VPN protocols, but can also be used by
itself. It is widely used VPNs from Site to Site and many iOS
applications. IPSec runs in two modes: Tunnelling and
Transport mode.

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE)
ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-6, March 2020
2338
Retrieval Number: F8335038620/2020©BEIESP
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.F8335.038620
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
C. Layer 2 Tunnelling Protocol (L2TP)
L2TP is a tunnelling protocol often paired with other VPN
security protocols such as IPSec to establish a highly secure
VPN connection. Layer 2 Tunnelling Protocol creates a
tunnel between two L2TP connection points, and the data is
encrypted by the IPSec protocol and secure communication
between the tunnels.
D. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer
Security (TLS)
SSL and TLS create a VPN connection where the web
browser serves as a host and the user’s access applications is
restricted rather than the entire network. Online shopping
portals are commonly using the protocol SSL and TLS. Web
browsers can easily switch to SSL as they are embedded with
SSL and TLS. SSL connections have “https” in the first of the
URL instead of “http”.
E. OpenVPN
OpenVPN is an open source VPN widely used for
Point-to-Point and Site-to-Site link development. It uses a
standard SSL and TLS based authentication protocol.
OpenVPN enables users to secure their data using virtually
unbreakable AES-256-bit key encryption.
Fig. 5: VPN Protocols on OSI Model
VI. TRENDY VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK
SERVICES PROVIDER IN 2020
List of VPN service providers by whatismyipaddress.com are
as follows:
V. VPN TECHNOLOGIES TO SOLVE INTERNET
SECURITY ISSUES
Virtual Private Network uses several tools to protect data
flowing over the Internet. Some of the technologies used by
VPN are as follows:
A. Firewalls
An Internet firewall uses such strategies to check out network
addresses on ports or packets solicited on incoming
connections to determine which traffic is permissible on a
network. Though most VPN services do not execute firewalls
straightly by themselves, they form an integral part of a VPN.
The aim of firewall is to prevent unwanted traffic from
accessing your network while own users of VPN can access it.
Packet filtration is the most popular firewall that prevents the
crossing of the gateway router from specifying the IP address.
Example of VPN support router is Cisco Private Internet
Exchange (PIX) which support the Packet filtration.

The Vital Role of Virtual Private Network (VPN) in Making Secure Connection Over Internet World
2339
Retrieval Number: F8335038620/2020©BEIESP
DOI:10.35940/ijrte.F8335.038620
Published By:
Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering
& Sciences Publication
B. Authentication
Authentication is a key to VPNs as its guarantees the
exchanging parties share data with the right client or server. It
is an analogous to “sign on” to a username and password
scheme. The majority of VPN authentication is totally based
on a shared key. The keys are run by using a hashing
algorithm, producing a hash value. The other party that holds
the keys ought to generate its personal hash value and
compare it to that obtained from the other end. The hash value
sent to an attacker over Internet is insignificant, so someone
who sniffs the network would not be able to gather a
password. Examples of authentication system are RSA and
CHAP.
C. Encryption
Encryption is frequently seen as important as authentication,
because it secure the data being transmitted from the packet
sniffing. VPNs employ two common techniques for
encryption: Public and Hidden (private) key: The public key
encryption requires a private and public key. You reveal your
private key to all but keep your private key to you only.
In hidden key encryption, all the parties that need to the
encrypted information have a specific passphrase or secret
password, which is used for encrypting as well as to decrypt
the information.
Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for
proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in
translation journals, please give the English citation first,
followed by the original foreign-language citation [8].
VI. CONCLUSION
VPNs enable users and companies to communicate over the
public internet to remote servers, branches or the business
while retaining secure communication. VPNs are highly
secure, versatile, inexpensive communication tool. In this
paper, we defined various VPN technologies which includes
SSL and IPsec are popular. We also listed various types of
VPNs and noted that their versatility makes it possible for the
user to select which facility they want. VPNs can provide a
range of authentication, integrity and encryption algorithms.
For the future Virtual Private Networks are expected for
safe communication. In the coming years, the VPN industry
will be predicted to be very high. It is essential that the chosen
requirements meet the needs of consumer and to retain their
versatility.
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AUTHORS PROFILE
Dr. Yogesh Kumar Sharma, presently working
as a Associate Professor (HOD / Research
Coordinator) Department of Computer Science
Engineering and IT at Shri Jagdishprasad
Jhabarmal Tibrewala University”, Chudela,
Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan). He completed his Ph.D. in
Faculty of Computer Science, from Shri
Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University”,
Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan) in the year 2014. His research areas Data
Communication & Networking, Operating System, Computer Organization
and Architecture, Data mining, Cloud Computing, Software Engineering
etc. In his research life he Published 4 books & 75 Papers in National and
International journals, 25 National and International conferences, 03
workshops. Under his guidance 05 research scholars awarded Ph.D.
Presently 08 research scholars working under his guidance. He invited as a
Guest Lecturer for Students in M.Sc. I.T. (Master Program in Information
Technology) on the behalf of National University of Science and
Technology, Muscat, Oman, Nov. 2019. He is Paper Setter, Answer Sheet
Evaluator (Copy Checker) and Practical Examiner in University of
Rajasthan, Jaipur, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay University (Shekhawati
University), Sikar, Maharaja Ganga Singh University, Bikaner, University
of Kota, Kota, Board of Secondary Education Rajasthan, Ajmer. Ph.D.
Thesis Evaluator and Ph.D. Final Viva-Voce Examiner in OPJS University,
NIMS University, Mewar University. Published 2 patents on Title: Parallel
Processing System to Reduce Complexity in Data-Mining of Industrial &
Social Big-Data. And Title: Computer Implemented Method for Detecting
Downlink Control Channel in Long Term Evolution Wireless
Communication. He has a member of IAENG, IACSIT, CSTA and UACEE.
Chamandeep Kaur, presently pursuing her Ph.D.
in Computer Science, from Shri JJT University,
Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan. She’s M.C.A. from Punjab
Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab with a rich
teaching and mentoring experience of 12 years. She
has published 5 research papers in International and
Scopus journals and attended 6 Notional/
International conferences. Her area of research is Cloud
Computing, IoT, Operating System, Big Data, Data Securities. She’s also
working with Jazan University as a Lecturer in Computer Science
Department, Jizan, KSA where she’s teaching undergraduate students as
well as guiding in their graduation project. She is a member of IEEE.