تصنيف الغطاء النباتي وتوزيعه الجغرافي في المنطقة الممتدة ما بين الحنية ووادي الزقزوق شمالا حتى لسطاطه وبشتايا جنوبا الجبل الاخضر شرق ليبيا

Abstract

This paper deals with the study of the classification of natural vegetation cover and its geographical distribution in the area extending between Al-Heniya and Wadi Zaqzouq North, to its territory and Peshtia in the south. It studied the most important plant formations in the study area, divided into morphological and synthetic types and classified by family, gender and gender. The aim of this study is to identify the current status of natural plants and to develop suggestions and recommendations that can contribute to reducing the deterioration and improving the state of these natural forests in the area under study, with a view to achieving the sustainable development of plant cover. And conservation of this renewable natural resource from depletion and deterioration, and adopted this study mainly on the field side where eleven sites were identified, the area of each site (1) ha, or the equivalent of (10,000 m 2), in order to identify the plant species and their number in the region and identify Their local names and plant species are not identified, and personal interviews were conducted with local residents to identify the local names of the natural plants and to determine the degree of animal taste for these plants.

Full text





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 













          
  

      
           





            


Abstract
This paper deals with the study of the classification of natural vegetation cover and its
geographical distribution in the area extending between Al-Heniya and Wadi Zaqzouq
North, to its territory and Peshtia in the south. It studied the most important plant
formations in the study area, divided into morphological and synthetic types and
classified by family, gender and gender. The aim of this study is to identify the
current status of natural plants and to develop suggestions and recommendations that
can contribute to reducing the deterioration and improving the state of these natural
forests in the area under study, with a view to achieving the sustainable development
of plant cover. And conservation of this renewable natural resource from depletion
and deterioration, and adopted this study mainly on the field side where eleven sites
were identified, the area of each site (1) ha, or the equivalent of (10,000 m 2), in order
to identify the plant species and their number in the region and identify Their local
names and plant species are not identified, and personal interviews were conducted
with local residents to identify the local names of the natural plants and to determine
the degree of animal taste for these plants.





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 





      
1
 

2



             


3

 
  
4
          


                     
         

 


  
         
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1

2

3

               

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   






ISSN : 2312 – 4962 
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



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



            

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        
          
 


           
5

5






ISSN : 2312 – 4962 




    Physiognomically     (
6
Species composition)
   
 maquis formation
 


 
 Juniperus PhoeniceaL Arbutus Pavarii pamp Quercus cocifera L 

Phillyrea latifolia



Olea europaea



Ceratonia siliqua L



Rhamnus Lycides



Rhus tripartite (Ucria)Grande



Rosmarinus officinalis

Sarcopoterium spinosum(L) Spach Phlomis floccosa

Globularia alypum L.Pistacia Lentiscus




Steppe formation
          
Batha    Sarcopoterium spinosum (L) Spach

 floccose Phlomis

maritimaUrqinea


7

            
          

Sarcopoterium spinosum (L) SpachUrqinea maritima  Phlomis floccose

  Atriplex halimus Cichorium spinosum L Polygonum equisetiform sibth Ephedra alataJuncus maritimus

Zygophyllm album L.Limoniastrum monopetalum

Ballota Pseudo dictamnus (L) Rhus tripartite (Ucria) GrandeLycium europaeumCentaurea aegialophila Boiss and Heldr

 Suaeda vera ForskCistus Salvifolius


6
 

7






ISSN : 2312 – 4962 




Cistus Parviflorus       
Juniperus PhoeniceaLPistacia Lentiscus

 


8











8
  






ISSN : 2312 – 4962 





9

           

10
            

    


 




 
  



Family



Ericaceae
Arbutus Pavarii pamp


Fabaceae
Calicotomevillosa


Caesalpiniaceae
Ceratonia siliqua L.


Cupressaceae
Juniperus PhoeniceaL


Oleaceae
Olea europaea


Asclepiadaceae
Periploca angustifolea


Oleaceae
Phillyrea latifolia


Anacardiaceae
Pistacia Lentiscus


Fagaceae
Quercus cocifera L.


Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus Lycides


Anacardiaceae
Rhus tripartite (Ucria)Grande



9

10






ISSN : 2312 – 4962 





  






Family



Lamiaceae
Phlomis floccosa


Rosaceae
Sarcopoterium spinosum (L) Spach


Globulariaceae
Globularia alypum L.


Lamiaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis


Cistaceae
Cistus Parviflorus


Cistaceae
Cistus Salvifolius


Lamiaceae
Micromeia nervosa


Ephedra alata
Ephedra alata


Solanaceae
Lycium europaeum


Liliaceae
Asparagus aphyllus L.


Lamiaceae
Prasium maius L.


Chenopodiaceae
Suaeda vera Forsk


Asteraceae
Cichorium spinosum L.


Plumbaginaceae
Limoniastrum monopetalum



Polygonaceae
Polygonum equisetiform sibth


Zygophyllaceae
Zygophyllm album L.


Lamiaceae
Ballota Pseudo dictamnus(L)


Cucurbitaceae
Citrullus colocynthis(L.) schrad.


Chenopodiaceae
Atriplex halimus





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 







           
11
              


11
    



Family



Alliaceae
Allinm roseum L.


Alliaceae
Allium longanum pamp


Liliaceae
Allium orientale Boiss


Araceae
Arum Cyrenaicum Hruby


Liliaceae
Asparangus acutifolius L.


Liliaceae
Asphodelus Microcarpus


Liliaceae
Bellevalia Sessiliflora (viv)


Brassicaceae
Cakile aegiptica(L.) willd


Asteraceae
Centanrea alexandrina Delile.



Asteraceae
Centaurea aegialophila Boiss and Heldr

Asteraceae
Centaurea alexandrina


Canvolvulaceae
Convolvulus humilus Jacq


Primulaceae
Cyclamen Rohlfsianum


Asteraceae
Cynara corniqera Lindley


Asteraceae
Cynara cyrenaica maire and weiller


Apiaceae
Ferula communis L.


Asteraceae
Helichrysum stoechas (L.) moench


Iridaceae
Iris sisyhinchium L.


Juncaceae
Juncus maritimus


Fabaceae
Lotus halophilus Boiss and Spruner.


Fabaceae
Lotus polgphllos clarke


Apiaceae
Malabaila suaveoleus (Delile) Coss


Lamiaceae
Micromeria juliana(L.) Benth


Fabaceae
Ononis variegate L.





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 






 
12
 60 
        





Family



Chenopodiaceae
Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Trin .ex
Thw.


Apiaceae
Ammi visnaga (L.) Lamk


Asteraceae
Anacgclus clavatus(Desf)pers

Boraginaceae
Anchusa aegyptiaca (L.) DC.


Asteraceae
Anthemis secundiramea Biv.


Fabaceae
Anthyllis tetraphylla L.

Asteraceae
Atractyis cancellata L.

Asteraceae
Atractylic serratulodes sieb.ex Cass


Poaceae
Avena sterilis L.

Poaceae
Briza Maxima L.


Poaceae
Bromus rigidus (Rothi)

Apiaceae
Bupleurum odontites Link

Chenopodiaceae
Camphorosma monspeliaca


Asteraceae
Carthamus divaricatus
eez el hazal

Asteraceae
Catananche arenaria Cosson and
duriea

Valerianaceae
Centranthus calcitrapae (L.) Dufresue


Asteraceae
Chamomilla rautita(L)


Convovulaceae
Convolvulus althaeoides L.
12



Asteraceae
Onopordum Cyrenaicum Mairo
  


Amaryllidaceae
Pancatium maritium L.


Amargllidaceae
Pancratiam maritimum L.


Asteraceue
Phagnalon rupestre (L.) DC


Apiaceae
Scandix australis L.


Asteraceae
Scorzonera undulate Vahl


Crassulaceae
Sedum sediforme (Jacq) pau


Asteraceae
Taraxacum officinalis


Fabaceae
Trifolium pupureum


Liliaceae
Urqinea maritima





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 





Asteraceae
Crepis nigricans viv.

Apiaceae
Daucus Littoralis sibth.

Apiaceae
Daucus syrticus Murb

Brassicaceae
Didesmus aegyptius (L.) Dessv


Boraginaceae
Echium angustifolium Mill


Geraniaceae
(L.) 'Her

Erodium Microcarpa


Graniaceae
Erodium neuradifolium

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbia peplus (L.)


Cistaceae
Fedia cornucopiae

Cistaceae
Fumana Laevipes (L.) spach in Ann


Asteraceae
Hedypois Cretica (L.) Dum-Courset


Asteraceae
Launaea nudicaulis(L) Hooker.


Asteraceae
Leontodon simplex (viv) widdr


Asteraceae
Leontodon tuberosus L.


Linaceae
Linum nodiflorum


Poaceae
Lophochloa salzmannii (Boiss) H.


Fabaceae
Lotus tetragonolobus L.


Malavaceae
Malava aegyptia L


Euphorbiaceae
Mercurialis annua L.

Lamiaceae
Micromeria nervosa (Desf) Benth

Scrophularlaceae
Misopates orantium (L.) Rafin.

Ranunculaceae
Nigella arvensisL.


Asteraceae
Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass


Asteraceae
Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass


Papaveraceae
Papaver rhoeas var rhoeas


Apiaceae
Pseudorlaya pumila (L.) Grande in
Nouv.
Sahani

Asteraceae
Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth.


Dipsacaceae
Scabiosa arenaria Forskal


Asteraceae
Senecio gallicus chiau in vill


Asteraceae
Senecio vulgaris L.


Caryophyllaceae
Silene cyrenaica Maire


Brassicaceae
Sinapis alba L.


Poaceae
Stipa capensis Thunb

Apiaceae
Torilis bifrons (Pomel) Jafri


Apiaceae
Torillis nodesa (L.) gaertn

Asteraceae
Tragopogon hybridus L.


Fabaceae
Trifolium angustifolium L.


Fabaceae
Trifolium uniflorm

Poaceae
Trisetaria macrochaeta (Boiss) Maire

Asteraceae
Urospermum dalechampii (L.) cop.ex
F.W


Rubiaceae
Valantia hispidal L.


Fabaceae
Vicia villosa Roth










ISSN : 2312 – 4962 








     

 Species 


13


14

 Family
 
15

 Genus 
 Tournfort  
16

 
 
13
-
14

        

15

16






ISSN : 2312 – 4962 





 


 
 



Family




Asteraceae




Fabaceae
10
6


Apiaceae

8


Lamiaceae
7
5


Poaceae
6
6


Liliaceae




Chenopodiaceae
4
4


Cistaceae
4
2


Brassicaceae
3
3
10

Geraniaceae
2
1


Euphorbiaceae
2
2
12

Canvolvulaceae

1


Boraginaceae
2



Alliaceae

1


Amaryllidaceae




Anacardiaceae

2


Oleaceae
2
2
18

Cupressaceae
1
1
19

Ericaceae
1
1
20

Fagaceae
1
1
21

Rhamnaceae
1
1
22

Caesalpiniaceae
1
1





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 




23

Asclepiadaceae
1
1
24

Rosaceae
1
1
25

Globulariaceae
1
1
26

Ephedra alata
1
1
27

Solanaceae
1
1
28

Plumbaginaceae
1
1
29

Polygonaceae
1
1
30

Zygophyllaceae
1
1
31

Crassulaceae
1
1
32

Valerianaceae
1
1
33

Caryophyllaceae
1
1


Cucurbitaceae
1
1
35

Primulaceae
1
1
36

Papaveraceae
1
1
37

Linaceae
1
1
38

Rubiaceae
1
1
39

Iridaceae
1
1
40

Ranunculaceae
1
1


Juncaceae
1
1
42

Malavaceae
1
1
43

Araceae
1
1
44

Dipsacaceae
1
1


Scrophularlaceae
1
1





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 






124
103

steraceae Fabaceae   ApiaceaeLamiaceae  PoaceaeLiliaceae
 Chenopodiaceae           Brassicaceae    GeraniaceaeEuphorbiaceaeCanvolvulaceae BoraginaceaeAlliaceaeAmaryllidaceae
AnacardiaceaeOleaceae 

            

   
                

 
   
               

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


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ISSN : 2312 – 4962 
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
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
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

                           
   

              Atriplex halimusSuaeda vera Forsk   Limoniastrum monopetalum Centaurea aegialophila Boiss and Heldr Juncus maritimus  Pancatium maritium LZygophyllm album LCichorium spinosum L.  Lycium europaeum Ephedra alata 



Family
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


Cupressaceae
Juniperus PhoeniceaL

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

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ISSN : 2312 – 4962 
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




Anacardiaceae
Pistacia Lentiscus


Lamiaceae
Phlomis floccosa


Caesalpiniaceae
Ceratonia siliqua L.


Oleaceae
Phillyrea latifolia


Asclepiadaceae
Periploca angustifolea


Chenopodiaceae
Atriplex halimus


Ephedra alata
Ephedra alata


Anacardiaceae
Rhus tripartite (Ucria)Grande


Lamiaceae
Micromeia nervosa


Fabaceae
Calicotomevillosa


Rosaceae
Sarcopoterium spinosum(L) Spach


Solanaceae
Lycium europaeum


Asteraceae
Cichorium spinosum L.


Lamiaceae
Prasium majus L.


Plumbaginaceae
Limoniastrum monopetalum



Liliaceae
Asparagus aphyllus L.


Chenopodiaceae
Suaeda vera Forsk


Lamiaceae
Ballota Pseudo dictamnus(L)


Zygophyllaceae
Zygophyllm album L.


Rubiaceae
Valantia hispidal L.


Convolvulus
Convolvulus humilus Jacq.


Linaceae
Linum nodiflorum


Poaceae
Briza Maxima L.


Poaceae
Lophochloa salzmannii (Boiss)H.


Asteraceae
Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass.


Asteraceae
Centanrea alexandrina Delile.


Asteraceae
Helichrysam stoechas (L.) Moench.


Asteraceae
Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth.


Dipscaceae
Scabiosa arenaria forskal


Asteraceae
Anthemis secundiramea Biv.


Apiaceae
Daucus syrticus Murb


Scrophularlaceae
Misopates orantium (L.). Rafin.


Boraginaceae
Anchusa aegyptiaca (L.) DC.


Alliaceae
Allinm roseum L.


Apiaceae
Daucus Littoralis sibth.


Fabaceae
Trifolium pupureum


Fabaceae
Vicia villosa Roth


Asteraceae
Scorzonera undulate Vahl


Asteraceae
Phagnalon rupestre


Asteraceae
Hedypnois cretica (L.) DC.


Asteraceae
Crepis nigricans viv.


Asteraceae
Leontodon simplex (viv) widdr


Asteraceae
Atractyis cancellata L.


Apiaceae
Malabaila suaveoen (Delile) Coss


Linaceae
Linum nodiflorum L.


Rubiacea
Valantia hipida L.


Apiaceae
Ferula communis L.
Sahani

Asteraceae
Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth.


Asteraceae
Centaurea aegialophila Boiss and Heldr
Checoria

Asteraceae
Cichorium spinosum L.


Fabaceae
Lotus halophilus Boiss and Spruner.





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 
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




Boraginaceae
Echium angustifolium Mill


Convolvulaceae
Co nvolvus humilus Jacq


Convovulaceae
Convolvulus althaeoides L.


Amaryllidaceae
Pancatium maritium L.


Cucurbitaceae
Citrullus colocynthis(L.) schrad.


Euphorbiaceae
Mercurialis annua L.


Poaceae
Stipa capensis Thumb


Graniaceae
Erodium malacoides (L.) L'Her


Apiaceae
Pseudorlaya pumila (L.) Grande in Nouv.


Polygonaceae
Polygonum equisetiform sibth


Chenopodiaceae
Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Trin .ex Thw.


Apiaceae
Scandix australis L.


Asteraceae
Cynara corniqera Lindley


Asteraceae
Cichorium spinosum L.


Asteraceae
Anthemis secundiramea (Biv).


Brassicaceae
Cakile aegiptica(L.) willd


Fabaceae
Lotus polgphllos clarke


Fabaceae
Ononis variegate L.


Chenopodiaceae
Camphorosma monspeliaca


Iridaceae
Iris sisgrinchium L.


Chenopodiaceae
Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Trin .ex Thw.


Juncaceae
Juncus maritimus


Euphorbiaceae
Mercurialis annua L.


Crassulaceae
Sedum sediforme (Jacq) pau


Asteraceae
Phagnalcn rupestre (L.) DC


Ranunculaceae
Nigella arvensisL.


Cistaceae
Fumana Laevipes (L.) spach in Ann


Linaceae
Linum nodiflrum


Alliaceae
Allium longanum pamp


Asteraceae
Senecio gallicus chiau in vill


Liliaceae
Asphodelus Microcarpus


Liliaceae
Urqinea maritima


Cistaceae
Fedia cornucopiae

 

 

   


          Juniperus PhoeniceaLCeratonia siliqua LPhillyrea latifolia  Olea europaeaRosmarinus fficinalis

Gps





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 




Cistus Salvifolius Arbutus Pavarii pamp    Quercus cocifera L  



Family



Cupressaceae
Juniperus PhoeniceaL


Anacardiaceae
Pistacia Lentiscus


Lamiaceae
Phlomis floccosa


Caesalpiniaceae
Ceratonia siliqua L.


Oleaceae
Phillyrea latifolia


Asclepiadaceae
Periploca angustifolea


Ericaceae
Arbutus Pavarii pamp


Oleaceae
Olea europaea


Anacardiaceae
Rhus tripartite (Ucria)Grande


Fagaceae
Quercus cocifera L.


Fabaceae
Calicotomevillosa


Rosaceae
Sarcopoterium spinosum(L) Spach


Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus Lycides


Liliaceae
Asparagus aphyllus L.


Lamiaceae
Prasium majus L.


Lamiaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis


Cistaceae
Cistus Salvifolius


Cistaceae
Cistus Parviflorus


Cistaceae
Fumana Laevipes (L.) spach in Ann


Fabaceae
Trifolium pupureum


Lamiaceae
Micromeria nervosa (Desf) Benth


Asteraceae
Taraxacum officinalis


Lamiaceae
Prasium Majus


Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus humilus Jacq


Fabaceae
Anthyllis tetraphylla L.


Linaceae
Linum nodiflorum


Asteraceae
Urospermum dalechampii (L.) cop.ex F.W


Asteraceae
Tragopogon hybridus L.


Poaceae
Avena sterilis L.


Asteraceae
Atractylic serratulodes sieb.ex Cass


Asteraceae
Leontodon tuberosus L.





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 






Asteraceae
Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth


Apiaceae
Malabaila suaveoleus (Delile) Coss


Apiaceae
Torilis bifrons (Pomel) Jafri


Iridaceae
Iris sisyrinchium L.


Geraniaceae
Geranium rotundifolium L.


Valerianaceae
Centranthus calcitrapae (L.) Dufresue


Asteraceae
Chamomilla rautita(L)


Asteraceae
Launaea nudicaulis(L) Hooker.


Caryophyllaceae
Silene cyrenaica Maire


Liliaceae
Allium orientale Boiss


Fabaceae
Lotus tetragonolobus L.


Asteraceue
Phagnalon rupestre (L.) DC


Asteraceae
Scorzonera undulate Vahl


Asteraceae
Hedypnois cretica (L.) Dum


Apiaceae
Ferula communis L.


Asteraceae
Cynara corniqera Lindley


Lamiaceae
Micromeria nervosa (Desf) Benth


Lamiaceae
Micromeria juliana(L.) Benth


Malvaceae
Malva aegyptia L.


Convolmlaceae
Convolums humius Jacq


Fabaceae
Trifolium angustifolium L.


Fabaceae
Trifolium purpureum Lois


Valerianaceae
Centrauthus calcitrapae L Dufresue


Crassulaceae
Sedum sediforme


Fabaceae
Vicia villosa Roth


Asteraceae
Catananche arenara cosson and Durien


poaceae
Trisetaria macrochaeta (Boiss) Maire


poaceae
Bromus rigidus (Rothi)


Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbia peplus (L.)


Asteraceae
Hedgpnois cretica (L.) Dum.


Asteraceae
Anacgclus clavatus(Desf)pers


Liliaceae
Bellevalia Sessiliflora (viv)


Linaceae
Linum nodiforum (L.)


Geraniaceae
Erodium malacoides


Dipsacaceae
Scabiosa arenaria forskal





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 






Apiaceae
Torillis nodesa (L.) gaertn


Apiaceae
Ammi visnaga (L.) Lamk


Iridaceae
Iris sisyhinchium L.


Poaceae
Avena sterilis L.


Asteraceae
Helichrysum stoechas (L.) moench


Liliaceae
Asphodelus Microcarpus


Liliaceae
Urqinea maritima


Asteraceae
Cynara cyrenaica maire and weiller


              
             
  Juniperus PhoeniceaLPistacia LentiscusOlea europaea tripartite (Ucria)Grande





Family 



Cupressaceae
Juniperus PhoeniceaL


Anacardiaceae
Pistacia Lentiscus


Lamiaceae
Phlomis floccosa


Lamiaceae
Rosmarinus officinalis


Oleaceae
Phillyrea latifolia


Asclepiadaceae
Periploca angustifolea


Ericaceae
Arbutus Pavarii pamp


Oleaceae
Olea europaea


Anacardiaceae
Rhus tripartite (Ucria)Grande


Lamiaceae
Prasium majus L.


Fabaceae
Calicotomevillosa





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 
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




Rosaceae
Sarcopoterium spinosum(L) Spach


Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus Lycides


Liliaceae
Asparagus aphyllus L.


Cistaceae
Cistus Salvifolius


Cistaceae
Cistus Parviflorus


Asteraceue
Phagnalon rupestre (L.) DC


Asteraceae
Helichrysum stoechas (L.) moench


Asteraceae
Centaurea alexandrina


Asteraceae
Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass
eez el hazal

Asteraceae
Catananche arenaria Cosson and duriea


Asteraceae
Hedypois Cretica (L.) Dum-Courset


Papaveraceae
Papaver rhoeas var rhoeas


Brassicaceae
Didesmus aegyptius (L.) Dessv


Dipsacaceae
Scabiosa arenaria Forskal


Asteraceae
Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass


Lamiaceae
Micromeria nervosa


Canvolvulaceae
Convolvulus humilus Jacq


Apiaceae
Bupleurum odontites Link


Boraginaceae
Echium angustifolium Mill


Fabaceae
Trifolium purpureum Lois


Poaceae
Stipa capensis Thunb


Iridaceae
Iris sisyrinchium L.


Liliaceae
Asparangus acutifolius L.


Apiaceae
Ammi visnaga (L.) Lamk


Fabaceae
Vicia villosa Roth


Fabaceae
Lotus tetragonolobus L.


Iridaceae
Iris sisyhinchium L.


Asteraceae
Onopordum Cyrenaicum Mairo


Asteraceae
Carthamus divaricatus


Apiaceae
Ferula communis L.


Asteraceae
Cynara corniqera Lindley


Asteraceae
Cynara cyrenaica maire and weiller


Malavaceae
Malava aegyptia L


Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus humilus


Asteraceae
Pallenis spinosa L.


Asteraceae
Leontedon tubenosus





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 






Asteraceae
Urospermum dalechmpii


Lamiaceae
Micromeria nervosa (Desf) Benth


Caryophyllaceae
Silene cyrenaica Maire


Poaceae
Stipa capensis Thumb


Asteraceae
Chamomilla rautita(L)


Poaceae
Avena sterilis L.


Rubiaceae
Valantia hispidal L.


Apiaceae
Malabaila suaveoleus (Delile) Coss


Fabaceae
Anthyllis tetraphylla L.


Liliaceae
Bellevalia Sessiliflora (viv)


Araceae
Arum Cyrenaicum Hruby


Asteraceae
Taraxacum officinalis


Liliaceae
Allium orientale Boiss


Liliaceae
Asphodelus Microcarpus


Liliaceae
Urqinea maritima





           

      


  
          
 
               





ISSN : 2312 – 4962 




  


 
          

    

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
 
  


             

Gps
         



 
         
