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Development and Characterization of the Optical Power of LED Mask for Acne Treatment
Purpose: This study intends to prove whether the efficacy already proven in the existing light therapy LED mask device is similarly exerted in the self-luminous LED sheet mask that does not require power.Methods: The experimental subjects of this study were women with an average age of 47.9 years, and the effect of improving 24-hour moisturizing lasting, skin elasticity, eye expression wrinkles, and facial (cheek) lifting was studied by prohibiting the use of cosmetics containing active ingredients that could affect the results and making them use an LED sheet type mask pack.Results: As a result of the experiment, the 24-hour moisturizing lasting power was 90.573% immediately after use and 37.384% after 24 hours, so it increased significantly (p<0.05), and skin elasticity was also increased by 7.087% immediately after use. After one week, it was increased significantly (p<0.025) to 11.181%. Expression wrinkles around the eyes were significantly reduced (p<0.05) to 1.621% immediately after use and 4.579% after 1 week of use. In the facial (cheek) lifting experiment, the cheek angle (°) was reduced to 2.065% immediately postuse compared to pre-use. Also, it was significantly decreased (p<0.05) with a result of 3.762% after 1 week of use, thus proving that the light therapy LED sheet mask is also effective for skin improvement.Conclusion: Using this research material as basic data, it is expected that various skincare products will be developed as well as mask packs with a simple and easy structure of effective light therapy.
The use of low levels of visible or near infrared light for reducing
pain, inflammation and edema, promoting healing of wounds, deeper
tissues and nerves, and preventing tissue damage has been known for
almost forty years since the invention of lasers. Originally thought to
be a peculiar property of laser light (soft or cold lasers), the subject
has now broadened to include photobiomodulation and photobiostimulation
using non-coherent light. Despite many reports of positive findings from
experiments conducted in vitro, in animal models and in randomized
controlled clinical trials, LLLT remains controversial. This likely is
due to two main reasons; firstly the biochemical mechanisms underlying
the positive effects are incompletely understood, and secondly the
complexity of rationally choosing amongst a large number of illumination
parameters such as wavelength, fluence, power density, pulse structure
and treatment timing has led to the publication of a number of negative
studies as well as many positive ones. In particular a biphasic dose
response has been frequently observed where low levels of light have a
much better effect than higher levels. This introductory review will
cover some of the proposed cellular chromophores responsible for the
effect of visible light on mammalian cells, including cytochrome c
oxidase (with absorption peaks in the near infrared) and photoactive
porphyrins. Mitochondria are thought to be a likely site for the initial
effects of light, leading to increased ATP production, modulation of
reactive oxygen species and induction of transcription factors. These
effects in turn lead to increased cell proliferation and migration
(particularly by fibroblasts), modulation in levels of cytokines, growth
factors and inflammatory mediators, and increased tissue oxygenation.
The results of these biochemical and cellular changes in animals and
patients include such benefits as increased healing in chronic wounds,
improvements in sports injuries and carpal tunnel syndrome, pain
reduction in arthritis and neuropathies, and amelioration of damage
after heart attacks, stroke, nerve injury and retinal toxicity.
Light-emitting diode photobiomodulation is the newest category of nonthermal light therapies to find its way to the dermatologic armamentarium. In this article, we briefly review the literature on the development of this technology, its evolution within esthetic and medical dermatology, and provide practical and technical considerations for use in various conditions. This article also focuses on the specific cell-signaling pathways involved and how the mechanisms at play can be put to use to treat a variety of cutaneous problems as a stand-alone application and/or complementary treatment modality or as one of the best photodynamic therapy light source.
Photomodulation is a process that manipulates or regulates cell activity using light sources without thermal effect. Previous studies of LED photomodulation have shown skin textural improvement accompanied by increased collagen deposition with reduced MMP-1 (collagenase) activity in the papillary dermis. The purpose of this study was to investigate a separate cohort of patients (N =93) with a wide range of Fitzpatrick skin types treated by LED photomodulation using the Gentlewaves full panel 590 nm high energy LED array with a specific sequence or code of pulsing in the millisecond domain. Results showed improvement of signs of photoaging in 90%. The majority of patients demonstrated improvement in peri-ocular wrinkles, reduction in Fitzpatrick photoaging classification, global skin texture and background erythema, and pigmentation. No side effects were noted. LED photomodulation is a safe and effective non-painful non-ablative modality for improvement of photoaging.
Classical, ablative laser resurfacing has proven to be very effective for skin rejuvenation, but ablative treatments are associated with significant side effects and down-time. The introduction of newer non-ablative optical methods has generated much interest during the last few years due to very few side effects and low post-operative morbidity.Non-ablative skin rejuvenation is a series of different optical treatment modalities, which operate through different biological pathways to achieve the following objectives: 1) reduction of visible vessels, 2) reduction of uneven pigmentation, and 3) increased synthesis rate and remodeling of collagen in the upper dermis leading to reduced wrinkling of the skin surface.This paper describes different non-ablative laser-, intense pulsed light and LED technologies for non-ablative treatments of photo-aged skin.
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The combination of light and chemicals to treat skin diseases is widely practiced in dermatology. Within this broad use of light and drugs, in recent years the concept of photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged. PDT is a promising modality for the management of various tumors and nonmalignant diseases, based on the combination of a photosensitizer that is selectively localized in the target tissue and illumination of the lesion with visible light, resulting in photodamage and subsequent cell death. Moreover, the fluorescence of photosensitizing compounds is also utilized as a helpful diagnostic tool for the detection of neoplastic tissue. Intensive basic and clinical research culminated in the worldwide approval of PDT for bladder, esophageal, and lung cancer. The expanding use of this relatively new therapeutic modality in dermatology at many centers around the world has revealed its efficacy for the treatment of cutaneous precancer and cancer, as well as selected benign skin disorders. The following article summarizes the main principles of PDT considering the most recent developments and provides a comprehensive synopsis of the present status of the use of PDT in dermatology. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;42:389-413.)
Learning objective:
At the conclusion of this learning activity, participants should be able to describe the basic concepts of PDT, including fundamental knowledge of the most relevant photosensitizers, the light sources, the mechanisms involved in PDT-mediated cell destruction, as well as the indications and limitations of photodynamic treatment of skin diseases.
Effect of Light Emitting Diode Irradiation on Skin Wound Healing
- H M Kim
Research on Facial Skin Treatment Device using LED
- J S Cha
- J P Yun
- M S Park
- I S Eo
- E S Suh
Medical Treatment Machinery Based on LED Light Source
- J T Kim
- S B Bae
- D H Youn
Design of LED system for acne treatment using PWM
- C S Kim