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Modeling Risk Reduction in Agriculture Associated with Dangerous Agrometeorological Phenomena

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Abstract

The paper discusses possible approaches to reduce the risks associated with dangerous weather conditions. More specifically, the article considers the problem of reducing agricultural losses from such dangerous agrometeorological phenomena as hailstorm and drought. Within the framework of the decision-making theory, the formulation of the problem of reducing the losses of a considering industry from these phenomena is proposed – the objective is making decisions under risk. The features of the information support of this problem and the main tasks arising in the way of its practical use are discussed. The results of calculations that are carried out to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method are given. The results of the calculations showed that the method is quite effective and can be used to reduce agricultural losses from hail.
 
    
     
 
Conference Paper
Modeling Risk Reduction in Agriculture
Associated with Dangerous
Agrometeorological Phenomena
B A Ashabokov1,2, L M Fedchenko3, A A Tashilova1, A V Shapovalov1,
A Kh Khavtsukov1, and S B Balkarova4
         
  
            
        
 
        
Abstract
          
         
        
           
             
            
                
              
            
               
Keywords:         
 
1. Introduction
              
             
             
             
             
                 
          
            
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  

 
              
             
             
             
            
           
          
              
                
              
           
    
           
            
         
2. Main Approaches to Reduce the Risks Associated with
Hazardous Weather
           
            
           
               
             
               
           
             
             
              
              
             
            
            
            
              
   
 
              
 
           
           
               
    
          
            
                
           
          
              
             
              
             
       
            
          
           
             
            
             
               
             
             
             
             
               
    
3. Statement of the Objective of Reducing the Risks in
Agriculture Associated with Dangerous Agrometeoro-
logical Phenomena
             
          
   
 
              
           
          
           
           
     1 2 3 𝑀       
             
             
  
 1 2 3 𝑁        
              
              
            𝑖 𝑗   
   𝑖𝑗                   
             
               
            1 2 3 𝑀
            
     
   𝑖𝑗    𝑖  𝑗 
U1U2U3--- U𝑁
A111 12 13  1𝑁
A221 22 23  2𝑁
A331 32 33  3𝑁
---     
A𝑀𝑀1 𝑁2 𝑀3  𝑀𝑁
           
    1 2 3 𝑀          
               
             
             
             
             
     
   
 
            
               
1 2 3 𝑀          
             
              
    1 2 3 𝑀         
              
  
           1 2 3 𝑁 
           𝑖𝑗   
         1 2 3 𝑀 1 2 3 𝑁 
             
           
             
         1 2 3 𝑁   
               
              
             
            
             
     
                      
          
 
𝑖   
               
               
   1 2 3 𝑁    1 2 3 4  
              
         1   2
  3             
             
          
               
            
   
 
               
             
          2     
                  
                 
               
              
       
           
             
    𝑟𝑑 
         
         
         
         
         
         
        
         
         
         
              
            
P0     PH          
      i      
𝑃0𝑖=4
𝑗=1 𝑥𝑖𝑗𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑗,
𝑃𝐻𝑖=4
𝑗=1(1 − 𝑘𝑖𝑗)𝑥𝑖𝑗𝑌𝑖𝑗𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑗 ,(i= 1,2,3) 
   
 
               1 2 3  
    1 2 3           
    
P01PH1P02PH2P03PH3V
P10 =0.59 P1ℎ=0.31 P20=0.92 P2ℎ=0.08 P30=0.98 P3ℎ=0.02
      
      
      
      
       
      
      
      
      
       
 x𝑖1, x𝑖2, x𝑖3, x𝑖4         i Y𝑖1, Y𝑖2, Y𝑖3, Y𝑖4 
  Pr𝑖1, Pr𝑖2, Pr𝑖3𝑗 , Pr𝑖4     k𝑖1, k𝑖2, k𝑖3, k𝑖4     
        i =   
               
           
                
               
             
              
     
            
               
                 
       p10p20p30   
p1ℎ, p2ℎ, p3ℎ              
          
 
𝑉 = 𝑝10𝑃01+ 𝑝20𝑃02+ 𝑝30𝑃03+ 𝑝1ℎ𝑃𝐻1+ 𝑝2ℎ𝑃𝐻2+ 𝑝3ℎ𝑃𝐻3
   
 
4. Conclusion
         
             
             
           
           
           
          
             
   
References
            
          News of the
Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences  
   
           
         News of the
Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences  
   
          Physics
of clouds and active influences on them.     
           
           Sections
Temperature, Precipitation      

           
           Materials of the
International Symposium Sustainable Development: Problems, Concepts, Models
          
 
     Decision-making under many criteria: preferences and
substitutions.      
   
 
          Greenhouse effect, climate change
and ecosystems.    
   Introduction to Operations Research      
          
       Proceedings of VGI    
          
       Proceedings of the All-Union Seminar
Active effects on hail processes and improvement of ice-forming reagents for the
practice of active effects  
   
... Очевидно, что решение этих проблем требует проведения исследований изменений климата и их последствий для различных сфер деятельности, формулировки задач адаптации отраслей экономики к из- УСПЕХИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЕСТЕСТВОЗНАНИЯ № 9, 2022   ФИЗИКО-МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ (25.00.30)  менениям климата и разработки методов их решения, разработки методов снижения рисков, связанных с экстремальными погодными явлениями и т.д. [12][13][14]. ...
Article
Ключевыми проблемами обеспечения условий развития общества в настоящее времястановятся адаптация различных сфер деятельности к изменению климата и снижениерисков, связанных с опасными погодными явлениями. В статье обсуждаются возможныеподходы к снижению рисков в сельском хозяйстве, связанных с градобитиями, затронутыособенности их информационного обеспечения. Предложены один метод решения даннойзадачи и модель для его реализации, разработанная в рамках теории принятия решений. Ме-тод решения задачи отнесен нами к "пассивным" методам, которые не предполагают вме-шательства в процессы формирования градовых осадков в облаках. В качестве механизмаснижения рисков в предложенном методе используется тот факт, что уязвимость сельско-хозяйственных культур градом различна для различных культур. Соответственно, управле-ние рисками осуществляется путем подбора структуры производства сельскохозяйствен-ных культур с учетом особенностей их уязвимости данным погодным явлением, а такжеусловиями, наложенными на объемы производства сельскохозяйственной продукции. В ста-тье обсуждаются основные задачи, возникающие на пути практического использования дан-ного метода. Для анализа эффективности метода для производственно-экономических усло-вий степной климатической зоны Кабардино-Балкарской республики проведены модельныерасчеты. При этом для определения возможных состояний градовых процессов была исполь-зована частота выпадения града (число дней с градом на рассматриваемой территории загод). Пользуясь временным рядом данного показателя за период 1958-2018 гг., частота выпа-дения града в рассматриваемой климатической зоне была представлена в виде дискретнойслучайной величины с известным законом распределения. Это дало возможность рассматри-вать задачу снижения потерь сельского хозяйства как задачу принятия решений в условияхриска. Результаты модельных расчетов показали высокую эффективность метода для сни-жения потерь сельского хозяйства от градобитий. Важным достоинством метода являет-ся то, что практическое его использование будет связано с незначительными затратами.
Chapter
Object: to analyze the mechanisms of the impact of climate change on demographic processes and to determine methods for reducing their consequences for the demographic state of society. Methods: review of literature data on the results of analysis and forecast of climate change, as well as its consequences for human health. Also, analysis of the influence of other global factors on the demographic state of society. Results: the analysis of the problem of adaptation to climate change of demographic processes was carried out. Conclusions: under the influence of climatic factors, powerful migration flows from the islands and coastal zones of the oceans will be formed. Due to the rise in the level of the world ocean and the increase in the power of hurricanes, the likelihood of the disappearance of island nations in the oceans will increase significantly. Also, under the influence of these phenomena, there will be an expansion of the area of the coastal zone along the oceans with unfavorable living conditions. With the frequent and intense impact of these factors, the flows that will be directed to neighboring countries that are less affected by these factors.KeywordsChanging of the climateAgricultureAgro-industrial complexAdaptationGoals, objectives of the adaptation planInformation supportMethods and results of the solution
Chapter
The purpose of the work is to analyze the problem of adaptation of various fields of activity to climate change, to formulate the tasks of adapting the agro-industrial complex (AIC) and to analyze the features of information support and methods for solving the tasks of its adaptation plan, to develop a method for solving one of the tasks of this plan the formation and coordination of target indicators of the development of the agro-industrial complex. To solve the above problems, the results of the analysis of climate change in the territory of the North Caucasus, the model for optimizing the functioning of the “crop industry—processing industry” system, developed to form and agree on target indicators for the development of the regional agro-industrial complex, were used. It is noted that at the regional level it is not advisable to limit adaptation to climate change only to agriculture, this problem at this level should be considered for the “agriculture—processing industry” system, taking into account the relationship between its elements, the goals of adapting this system to climate change are formulated. The formulations of the tasks of the adaptation plan for the regional agro-industrial complex are given, the approach to solving the problem of forming and coordinating the target indicators of the agro-industrial complex is outlined, some calculation results are given. The main results of the work are: the formulation of the tasks of adapting the agro-industrial complex to climate change, the model for optimizing the functioning of the “crop industry—processing industry” system, developed to solve the problem of forming and coordinating target indicators for the development of the regional agro-industrial complex.KeywordsClimate changeAgro-industrial complexObjectives of the adaptation planFormation and coordination of target indicators
Chapter
The work is devoted to the problems of reducing risks in tourist and recreational areas of mountainous areas associated with climate change. The main factors through which this global factor can influence this area of activity are discussed. Such slope processes as snow avalanches and mudflows are considered as such factors in mountainous areas. It is noted that the reduction of risks in the tourist and recreational zones of mountainous areas associated with climate change requires adaptation of the functioning of these zones to climate change. In this case, it is considered appropriate to consider this problem for two cases. In the first case, this problem is considered for a functioning tourist and recreational zone, and in the second case, for the zones being created, taking into account the consequences of climate change. The formulations of the tasks of adapting the existing tourist and recreational zones of mountainous regions to climate change are given, the features of information support and methods for solving these problems are discussed. A method for solving one of these problems is presented, namely, the development of models for reducing risks in the tourist and recreational zone associated with such a climatic factor as snow avalanches. It is noted that the features of the information support of this problem, which consist in the presence of uncertainties, make it natural to search for a solution to this problem within the framework of decision theory. The statement of this problem is given.KeywordsTourist and recreational zoneAdaptation to climate changeAvalanchesRisk reduction
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The article provides brief information on the history of the development of hail suppression works in the USSR and the Russian Federation, the main provisions of the currently used Russian automated rocket technology to prevent hail, the characteristics of a modern anti-hail protection system, including the radar parameters of seeding objects (hailstorms), the average annual number of seeding objects, the consumption of rockets and glaciogenic agents for seeding objects of different hail categories, the results of assessing the physical effectiveness of long-term protection against hail, the main problems and prospects for further improvement of rocket technology.
Article
Due to the fact that the south of Russia is the most important producer of agricultural products, the work discusses the possible consequences of climate change and reduce the risks associated with them. At the same time, it is assumed that the risks associated with climate change can be caused by both “slow” climate changes (increase in surface air temperature) and dangerous weather events (hail), the frequency and destructive force of which increase due to climate change. The paper discusses possible approaches to reducing risks associated with hazardous weather events (hailstones). In the framework of the theory of decision-making, the formulation of the problem of reducing the losses of a given industry from the noted phenomena, which is the task of making decisions in risk conditions, is proposed. The features of information support of this problem and the main tasks that arise in the way of its practical use are discussed. The results of calculations that were performed to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed method to reduce agricultural losses from urban habits are presented. The calculation results showed that the method is quite effective and can be used to reduce agricultural losses from hail.
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