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PROBLEMY WCZESNEJ EDUKACJI / ISSUES IN EARLY EDUCATION
2 (45) / 2019
ISSN 1734-1582
e-ISSN 2451-2230
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SUDF\RW\PĪHLQVW\WXFMHOHSLHMIXQNFMRQXMąJG\PDMąVWUXNWXUĊKLHUDUFKLF]QąDGRNDĪ
GHMIXQNFMLSU]\SLVDQHVąRGSRZLHGQLHRERZLą]NL]DOHĪQHRGSR]\FML7DQRUPDNXOWXURZD
]QDF]QLHXWUXGQLDáDPLJUDQWNRPSU]\VWRVRZDQLHVLĊGRSUDF\ZQRZ\PĞURGRZLVNX
1LHEDJDWHOQH]QDF]HQLHPDIDNWĪHPLJUDQWNL]NWyU\PLUR]PDZLDáDPQLHSODQR
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Izabela Czerniejewska
5yĪQLFHNXOWXURZHZSU]HGV]NRODFK
0LJUDQWNL]QDá\ SROVNLH SU]HGV]NROD] GRĞZLDGF]HĔSU\ZDWQ\FK ĪDGQD ]QLFK QLHSUD
FRZDáD ZF]HĞQLHM Z SROVNLP SU]HGV]NROX GZLH E\á\ QDXF]\FLHONDPL Z V]NRáDFK SRG
VWDZRZ\FK:REHFUyĪQLF ZSRGHMĞFLX GRRSLHNL QDGG]LHüPL ZSROVNLP LQRUZHVNLP
SU]HGV]NROXF]ĊVWRRGF]XZDá\G\VRQDQVSR]QDZF]\]NWyU\PPXVLDá\VRELHUDG]Lü3U]\
NáDGHPPRĪHE\üVWRVXQHNGRSUDFPDQXDOQ\FKLSU]\JRWRZDQLDGRQDXNLF]\WDQLDLSL
VDQLDRUD] VZRERGQ\FK]DEDZ QDĞZLHĪ\P SRZLHWU]XRGPLHQQLH WUDNWRZDQ\FKZ REX
NUDMDFK0DUWDODWNWyUDRGSLĊFLXODWSUDFXMHZSU]HGV]NROXZRNROLFDFK2VORZ\
MDĞQLDĪHIUHHOHNF]\OLVZRERGQD]DEDZDMHVWNOXF]RZąLGHąZQRUZHVNLPSU]HGV]NROX
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OXWDNLHVą]DOHFHQLDG\UHNWRUNL«'RURĞOLVRELHZĊGUXMąSDWU]ąLEDZLąVLĊ]G]LHüPL
QDMF]ĊĞFLHMZWRFRG]LHFL]DSURSRQXMą$OHF]DVDPLMDNVąG]LHFLNWyUHQLHPRJąVRELHQLF
]QDOHĨüWRGRURVá\ZWHG\FRĞSRGSRZLDGD:LRVQąWRMHVWV]XNDQLHGĪGĪRZQLFSRGQRVLP\
NDPLHQLHZV\SXMHP\ GĪGĪRZQLFH GR ZLDGHUHN G]LHFL VLĊ EDUG]R ] WHJR FLHV]ą 3yĨQLHM
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3RMĊFLHVZRERGQHM]DEDZ\VSRQWDQLF]QLHSRGHMPRZDQHMSU]H]G]LHFLZZLHNXSU]HG
V]NROQ\P%U]H]LĔVNDLLQMHVW]QDQHSHGDJRJRPZ\NV]WDáFRQ\PZ3ROVFH5R]
PyZF]\QLHMHGQDN]DXZDĪDá\ĪHZLFKNUDMXZLĊNV]\QDFLVNNáDG]LHVLĊQDSU]\JRWRZDQLH
HGXNDF\MQHQLĪQDVZRERGQą]DEDZĊG]LHFL.DWDU]\QD*DZOLF]SRWZLHUG]DĪHQDSR]LR
PLHGHNODUDFMLSROVNLHSU]HGV]NROHGEDRÄZV]HFKVWURQQ\EH]SLHF]Q\LUDGRVQ\UR]ZyM´
SRGF]DVJG\ZSUDNW\FHUHDOL]RZDQDMHVWNRQFHSFMDÄQDSHáQLDQLDSXVWHJRQDF]\QLDMDNLP
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3URFHVUR]XPLHQLDUyĪQLFRGE\ZDVLĊHWDSDPL1DSRF]ąWNXGRVWU]HJDMąRQHUR]ELHĪ
QRĞFLZVSRVREDFKSRVWĊSRZDQLDLVWRMąF\FK]DQLPLRGPLHQQ\FKLGHDFKQSG]LHFLSR
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EDZLüVLĊVZRERGQLH1DVWĊSQLHSRMDZLDVLĊUHÀHNVMDVNáDQLDMąFDGRP\ĞOHQLDQDG]DVDG
QRĞFLąVWRVRZDQLDMHGQHJROXEGUXJLHJRSRGHMĞFLD=HVWDZLHQLHREXLGHLNRĔF]\VLĊRFHQą
LSRGMĊFLHPG]LDáDĔ]JRGQLH]Z\EUDQ\PL]DáRĪHQLDPLOXESUyEąSRáąF]HQLDREX±WURFKĊ
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VNLPLQRUZHVNLPMHGQDN SXQNWHP RGQLHVLHQLD E\áD LFK ZLHG]D QDWHPDWUR]ZRMXLSR
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WHNZUR]ZRMXG]LHFND3RQDGWR]QDMRPRĞüREXQLHNLHG\VNUDMQ\FKSRGHMĞüGRVSRVREX
SUDF\SU]HGV]NROQHMPLDáDZSá\ZQDLFKEDUG]LHMZ\ZDĪRQ\VWRVXQHNGR]DGDĔSUDFRZQL
F]HNSU]HGV]NROL.RELHW\QLHSRGHMPRZDá\GHF\]MLDXWRPDW\F]QLHPRWRUHPLFKG]LDáDĔ
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G]LQ\G]LHQQLHZQLHNWyU\FKSODFyZNDFKQDZHW±JRG]LQ3RONLQDMF]ĊĞFLHMSR]\W\ZQLH
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ĪHGODWHMJUXS\VZRERGQH]DEDZ\QD]HZQąWU]VąQLHNRU]\VWQH]HZ]JOĊGXQDEUDNLMĊ]\
NRZHLHGXNDF\MQHW\FKG]LHFLNWyUHZQLHRGOHJá\PF]DVLHPDMąUR]SRF]ąüV]NRáĊ
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SU]\]QDáDĪH]UHZLGRZDáDVZRMHRFHQ\SHZQ\FK]DVDGSDQXMąF\FKZSU]HGV]NROX3RG
F]DVQDV]HJRSLHUZV]HJRVSRWNDQLDĪDOLáDVLĊQDXERJLHPDWHULDá\SODVW\F]QHZZ\SRVDĪH
QLXSU]HGV]NRODZNWyU\PSUDFRZDáD3RGF]DVNROHMQHMUR]PRZ\WZLHUG]LáDMXĪLQDF]HM
Izabela Czerniejewska
-HVWZLHOHU]HF]\NWyUHPQLH>ZQRUZHVNLPSU]HGV]NROX@ZF]HĞQLHMGHQHUZRZDá\ĪH QLH
PDFLHSáHJRMHG]HQLDĪHMHVWW\ONRMHGQRNRORURZDSODVWHOLQD«QDWRPLDVWWRZMDNLVSRVyE
VLĊSRGFKRG]LGRW\FKG]LHFLDNyZWRMHVWZLĊNV]ąZDUWRĞFLąQLĪNRORURZDSODVWHOLQDLĪHE\
E\á\VXSHURZVNLHNUHGNLLĞZLHWQH]DEDZNL%DUG]RPRFQRPLVLĊWRSRSU]HVWDZLDáR:LG]Ċ
GXĪ\ZNáDGOXG]LNWyU]\WDPSUDFXMąZEXGRZDQLHUHODFML]G]LHFLDNDPL7RVąIDMQHU]HF]\
UR]PDZLDQLH]G]LHüPLE\FLH]QLPL
5HÀHNVMDQDGRGPLHQQ\PSRGHMĞFLHPGRSUDF\]G]LHüPLMHVWZ\ZRáDQDV\WXDFMąPL
JUDFML]3ROVNL.RELHW\Z\ELHUDMąQHJRFMXMąVSRĞUyGZDUWRĞFLREXNUDMyZGRVWRVRZXMąF
MHGR GDQHM V\WXDFMLUyZQRF]HĞQLH PDMą ZáDVQHSU]HP\ĞOHQLD QDG ]DVWDQ\PL QRUPDPL
LVDPHSU]\VWRVRZXMąVLĊGRQLFKFRUD]OHSLHMMHUR]XPLHMąF
6SRVyEQD]DNRWZLF]HQLHVLĊ
=UR]PyZ ] PLJUDQWNDPL Z\QLND ĪH ZDĪQ\P F]\QQLNLHP NWyU\ X]DVDGQLDá LFK SUDFĊ
ZQRUZHVNLP SU]HGV]NROX V]F]HJyOQLH Z SRF]ąWNRZ\P RNUHVLH SUDF\E\áR SU]HNRQD
QLHĪHLFKSUDFDMHVWXĪ\WHF]QDVSRáHF]QLHSRWU]HEQDVSRáHF]QRĞFLORNDOQHMDRQHVDPH
SRVLDGDMąNRPSHWHQFMHG]LĊNLNWyU\PPRJąVLĊVWDüF]ĊĞFLąQRUZHVNLHJRVSRáHF]HĔVWZD
7DNLHSRGHMĞFLHZ\WZDU]DáRVLOQąUHODFMĊáąF]ąFąPLJUDQWNL]LFKQRZ\PPLHMVFHPĪ\FLD
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PLJUDQWyZLVWRWQ\FKGODQLFKSXQNWyZRGQLHVLHQLDLRSDUFLD±NRWZLFNWyUHSR]ZDODMąLP
RVLąJQąüUHODW\ZQą SV\FKRVSRáHF]QąVWDELOQRĞüZQRZHMV\WXDFMLĪ\FLRZHM´*U]\PDáD
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ZDQLDVLĊGRQRZHJRĞURGRZLVNDSU]HNRQXMąFPQLHRVZRMHMSU]\GDWQRĞFLFRGRGDWNRZR
XJUXQWRZ\ZDáRMHZQRUZHVNLPVSRáHF]HĔVWZLH2OJDODWDPyZLáDRSRF]ąWNDFKVZR
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QLHPXV]ĊVLĊDĪWDNVWDUDüĪHPRJĊVRELHF]DVDPLVLąĞü'DZDáRPLWRVWUDV]QąVDW\VIDNFMĊ
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